Introduction to volumetric analysis Chapters 4 and 13 (8th ed. & 9th ed.

) REVISE
from Chemistry 1A1E (CET1A1E): SI units, prefixes for units and conversion
between units Mole concept, gram mole and basic stoichiometry Molar
concentration (Molarity) 7176, 8386 6267, 7578 1. Solutions and their
concentrations and preparation of solutions (Ch. 4: 4B) Problems 7683 8689
6775 7881 2. Volumetric analysis (Titrimetric methods) (Ch.13: 13A 13D)
Some terms used in volumetric titrimetry Standard solutions Volumetric
calculations Problems 337350 363367, 444446, 483484 302315 318321,
396398, 437439 At the end of this section the student should be able to:
Know and use all the different concentration units for solutions in calculations: M
= molarity = mol dm3 = mol/L, weight percent = % (m/m) = % (w/w),
weight/volume percent = % (m/v) = % (w/v), volume percent = % (v/v), % = pph
(parts per hundred), for dilute aqueous solutions: ppt (parts per thousand) = g
dm3 or g/L, ppm (parts per million) = mg dm3 or mg/L or g/mL, ppb (parts
per billion) = g dm-3 or g/L or ng/mL Convert between the different
concentration units Perform calculations for the preparation of solutions of
specific concentrations from solids or from a solution of a specific given
concentration Know the principles behind a volumetric method (titration) and
be able to define (explain) the following terms: standard solution, standardize,
titrant, titration, backtitration, equivalence point, end point, titration error,
primary standard, secondary standard, mass/volume titration, volume/volume
titration List the requirements for a primary standard List the desirable
properties of standard solutions Know, identify and give examples of the
different 8 types of titrations: acid/base (neutralisation) titrations, precipitation
titrations, complexometric titrations, oxidation/reduction (redox) titrations Use
stoichiometry to perform volumetric (titration) calculations for the different types
of titration mentioned above, including calculations for backtitrations and
titrations that involve a single or multiple dilution step 4.

Introduction to aqueous solution chemistry Background knowledge on acids and

bases from grade 12 and Chemistry 1CY1 (Theory), CET1CY1 is of the utmost
importance. To understand this section you must revise the following subsections from Chemistry 1CY1 (Theory), CET1CY1: Identify, define and give
examples of the following: strong electrolytes, weak electrolytes, strong acids,
strong bases, weak acids, and weak bases Identify acid/conjugate base and
base/conjugate acid pairs in reactions Write dissociation reactions of weak
acids and weak bases in water Understand the concept of chemical equilibrium
and use the following equilibrium constants in calculations: acid dissociation
constant (Ka), base dissociation constant (Kb), ion-product constant for water
(Kw) Calculate the pH of the following solutions: strong acid solution, strong
base solution, weak acid solution, weak base solution. Example: Calculate the pH
of a 0.1 M HNO3 solution It is a very important that this section should be
mastered to enable the student to be successful in the next section
(Neutralisation titrations). Chapter 9 (8th ed. & 9th ed.) 1. The chemical
composition of aqueous solutions and Chemical Equilibria (Ch. 9: 9A 9B4)
Also see more detailed class notes and General Chemistry textbook. 228238

197207 2. Applying acidbase dissociation constants (Ch. 9: 9B6) Also see

more detailed class notes and General Chemistry textbook. 242251 211219 3.
Buffer solutions (Ch. 9: 9C, except p. 256257 (8th ed.) or 224225 (9th ed.) on
composition of buffer solutions as a function of pH.) Also see more detailed class
notes on preparation of buffers. 251263 219231 4. Problems 264266 232234
9 At the end of this section the student should be able to: . Calculate the pH of
mixtures of the following solutions: strong acid and strong base, strong acid and
weak acid, strong acid and weak base, strong base and weak acid, strong base
and weak base, weak acid and weak base Define the term buffer and explain
the properties of a buffer solution Know the Henderson-Hasselbach equation
and its limitations Calculate the pH of a buffer solution by using the appropriate
dissociation constant or the HendersonHasselbach equation (if applicable)
Know how to prepare buffer solutions and do the necessary calculations for the
preparation of buffer solutions Define the term buffer capacity and know which
factors it depends on