HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

---------------------------------------

PHM TH THANH LOAN

ENODEB TRONG LTE

Chuyn ngnh: K thut Vin thng

M s: 60.52.02.08

TM TT LUN VN THC S

H NI - 2013

Lun vn c hon thnh ti:

HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

Ngi hng dn khoa hc:

TS. Nguyn Phm Anh Dng

Phn bin 1:
..
..

Phn bin 2:
..
..

Lun vn s c bo v trc Hi ng chm lun vn thc s

ti Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng
Vo lc: ....... gi ....... ngy ....... thng ....... .. nm ...............

C th tm hiu lun vn ti:

- Th vin ca Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng

M U
Cng ngh LTE ang c nghin cu v pht trin rng ri trn th gii,
LTE cung cp cho ngi dng tc truy cp d liu nhanh, cho php pht trin
thm nhiu dch v truy cp sng v tuyn mi da trn nn tng hon ton IP, c th
p ng c nhu cu truy cp d liu, m thanh, hnh nh vi tc cao, bng
thng rng ca ngi dng. Kin trc eNodeB l mt phn quan trng trong h thng
thng tin di ng LTE, nhim v ca eNodeB l mt nt vt l pht v thu cc tn
hiu v tuyn trn mt hay nhiu anten ph sng cho mt .
chun b tin ti cng cuc 4G/LTE trong thi gian ti, vi h tng mng
ca cc nh mng Vit Nam khng ngng pht trin, thay i c v cng ngh ln m
hnh cu trc th vic tm hiu v kin trc thit b a ra cc nh gi v la chn
thit b ph hp vi h thng h tng vin thng Vit Nam l mi quan tm hng
u ca cc nh mng.
Lun vn c 4 chng, trong 3 chng l quan trng nht, tp trung nghin
cu v cu trc tng quan cc yu cu chung v kin trc my thu, my pht eNodeB,
xt cc yu cu cht lng tn hiu pht, cng sut u ra my pht, cc pht x khng
mong mun, t l d knh ln cn ng thi xt mc nhp tham chun, di ng,
nhy i vi nhiu ca my thu, pht x my thu, v xt hiu nng gii iu ch ca
eNodeB; v tng quan v kin trc c s, cu trc phn cng, phn mm eNodeB,
a ra cc tiu ch chung thit k eNodeB lm c s la chn nh cung cp thit b,
v nghin cu c th v thit b eNodeB ca Huawei; bn cnh , phn thch tnh
hnh trin khai eNodeB trn th gii v Vit Nam. Lun vn gm cc chng:

Chng 1: TNG QUAN V V TUYN LTE

Chng 2: KIN TRC THU PHT SNG TRONG CC H THNG
THNG TIN DI NG MI

Chng 3: KIN TRC ENODEB TRONG LTE

Chng 4: NGHIN CU TRIN KHAI ENODEB TRONG LTE TRN TH
GII V TI VIT NAM

Chng 1- TNG QUAN V V TUYN TRONG LTE

1.1 Gii thiu v cng ngh LTE
LTE l cng ngh c kh nng cung cp cho ngi dng tc truy cp d
liu nhanh, cho php cc nh khai thc c th pht trin thm nhiu dch v truy cp
sng v tuyn mi da trn nn tng hon ton IP vi: tc truyn d liu cao,
tr thp v cng ngh truy cp sng v tuyn gi d liu ti u v:
- Hiu qu s dng ph

- Tr (latency)

- Bng thng

- Tnh tng tc

- Gi thnh

- Tnh di ng

- Cht lng dch v (QoS)

- Tc d liu

1.2 Cc giao thc trn giao din v tuyn LTE

Giao din v tuyn gia UE v eNodeB c k hiu l LTE Uu. Cc chc
nng trong eNodeB c th x l nhanh hn cc thay i trn ng truyn v tuyn
nhanh hn. Ngoi ra mng li l mng li gi pht trin c xy dng trn nn IP.

LTE Uu

Hnh 1.1. Kin trc mng 4G LTE

1.3 Cc knh trn giao din v tuyn ca LTE

Mng truy nhp v tuyn LTE c n gin ha v gim xung ch cn
eNodeB v giao din v tuyn l giao din gi UE v eNodeB. Giao din v tuyn
gm lp 1: lp cc knh vt l, lp 2: lp cc knh truyn ti iu khin truy nhp
mi trng v lp 3: lp cc knh logic iu khin ti nguyn v tuyn (RRC)

Cu trc cc knh ca LTE c n gin ha so vi 3G. Tr cc knh iu

khin RACH v BCH c sp xp cc knh vt l ring (PRACH/PBCH), tt c cc
knh cn li u c sp xp ln knh vt l chia s: PDSCH/PUSCH.

1.4 Qun l di ng trong LTE

1.4.1. Vng eo bm, TA
V tr ca UE c MME nhn bit vi chnh xc n vng theo bm (TA:
Tracking Area). Khi UE trng thi ri, mi ln chuyn dch t mt TA ny sang
mt TA khc n phi thc hin th tc TA thng bo cho MME v TA mi.

1.4.2. Chuyn giao ni LTE

Cc chuyn giao trong E-UTRAN c xy dng trn cc nguyn tc sau:
Cc chuyn giao c mng iu khin.
Chuyn giao theo cc kt qu o ca UE
Cc chuyn giao trong UE vi ch ch khng tn tht bng cch
chuyn lu lng gia eNodeB ngun v eNodeB gi.

Kt ni S1 ca mng li ch c cp nht khi chuyn giao v tuyn

hon thnh.

1.4.2.1. Bo hiu cho chuyn giao

Cc th tc bo hiu c chia thnh ba giai on: chun b chuyn giao,
thc hin chuyn giao v hon thnh chuyn giao.

1.4.2.2. o chuyn giao

Khi tha mn iu kin ngng bo co, UE gi cc kt qu o chuyn
giao n eNodeB.

1.4.2.3. Chuyn giao gia cc h thng

Tt c cc thng tin t h thng ch c truyn trong sut qua h thng
ngun n UE. S liu ca ngi s dng c th c truyn t ngun n h thng
ch trnh mt s liu.

1.5 Cu trc ti nguyn truyn dn trong LTE

1.5.1 Quy hoch tn s cho 4G/LTE
Bng 1.4 lit k cc bng tn hin thi c quy nh cho LTE.
Bng 1.1. Cc bng tn LTE

Bng
LTE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
17
18
19

33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

ng ln

ng xung

1920MHz-1980 MHz
1850 MHz 1910 MHz
1710 MHz 1785 MHz
1710 MHz 1755 MHz
824 MHz 849 MHz
830 MHz 840 MHz
2500 MHz 2570 MHz
880 MHz 915 MHz
1749,9 MHz 1784,9 Hz
1710 MHz 1770 MHz
1427,9 MHz 1452,9 MHz
698 MHz 716 MHz
777 MHz 787 MHz
788 MHz 798 MHz
704 MHz 716 MHz
815 MHz 830 MHz
830 MHz 845 MHz

2110 MHz 2170 MHz

1930 MHz 1990 MHz
1805 MHz 1880 MHz
2110 MHz 2155 MHz
869 MHz 894 MHz
875 MHz 885 MHz
2620 MHz 2690 MHz
925 MHz 960 MHz
1844,9 MHz 1879,9 MHz
2110 MHz 2170 MHz
1475,9 MHz 1500,9 MHz
728 MHz 746 MHz
746 MHz 756 MHz
758 MHz 768 MHz
734 MHz 746 MHz
860 MHz 875 MHz
875 MHz 890 MHz

Ch
song cng
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD
FDD

900 MHz 1920 MHz

2010 MHz 2025 MHz
1850 MHz 1910 MHz
1930 MHz 1990 MHz
1910 MHz 1930 MHz
2570 MHz 2620 MHz
1880 MHz 1920 MHz
2300 MHz 2400 MHz

1900 MHz 1920 MHz

2010 MHz 2025 MHz
1850 MHz 1910 MHz
1930 MHz 1990 MHz
1910 MHz 1930 MHz
2570 MHz 2620 MHz
1880 MHz 1920 MHz
2300 MHz 2400 MHz

TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD

1.5.2. T chc knh tn s trong LTE

1.5.2.1. Bng thng knh v cu hnh bng thng truyn dn
rng sng mang LTE c nh ngha bng cc khi nim bng thng
knh (Bchannel) v cu hnh bng thng truyn dn (Bconfig)

7
Bng 1.2. Cu hnh bng thng truyn dn Bconfig trong LTE

Bng thng knh

Bchannel, (MHz)
1,4
3
5
10
15
20

Cu hnh bng thng

truyn dn, NRB
6
15
25
50
75
100

Cu hnh bng thng

truyn dn Bconfig, (MHz)
1,08
2,7
4,5
9
13,5
18

1.5.2.2. Sp xp knh tn s
Cc knh ca LTE c sp xp theo mnh ph 100 KHz, ngha l tn s
trung tm phi l mt s nguyn ln 100 kHz. So snh vi UMTS sp xp knh
theo mnh 200 KHz.
Khong cch gia cc sng mang s ph thuc vo kch bn trin khai, kch
thc ca khi tn s kh dng v cc bng thng knh. Khong cch knh chun
gia hai sng mang LTE c xc nh nh sau:
Khong cch knh chun = (Bchannel1 - Bchannel2)/2

(1.1)

1.6. Kt lun chng

Mng LTE LTE ra i th hin nhng u im vt tri so vi cc mng
th h trc. t c cc mc tiu, LTE s phi s dng cc k thut mi:
OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access - Truy cp a phn chia
theo tn s trc giao) cho hng DL v SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency
Division Multiple Access - Truy cp a phn chia theo tn s sng mang n) cho
hng UL, thm vo , vic s dng thit b phn truy nhp E-UTRAN ca LTE,
n gin ch l mng gm cc eNodeB cng l mt yu cu tt yu. Chng ny
trnh by c im c bn ca cng ngh LTE, tng quan kin trc mng LTE LTE
v nhng nghin cu v giao thc trn giao din v tuyn LTE lm c s cho
nhng chng sau nghin cu v thit b ca LTE, c th y l thit b eNodeB
trong LTE.

Chng 2- KIN TRC THU PHT SNG TRONG CC H

THNG THNG TIN DI DNG MI
2.2. Kin trc my thu
2.2.1. Mc nhy tham chun
Mc nhy tham chun l cng sut thu trung bnh ti thiu ti connect
anten m ti yu cu thng lng vn c thc hin.
Mc ch ca yu cu ny l kim tra h s tp m ca my thu.
i vi cc bng thng knh 5MHz, knh o tham chun c nh ngha
trn c s tt c cc khi ti nguyn c n nh cho bng thng knh ny. i vi
cc bng thng > 5MHz, nhy c o bng cch s dng cc khi lin tc gm
25RB. nhy c tnh nh sau:
Pmin dBm 174dBm.Hz 1 10 lgN RB .180kHz NFmax rep,3 M IM

(2.1)

2.2.2. Di ng
Yu cu di ng l mt s o kh nng my thu thu c tn hiu khi c
mt tn hiu nhiu trong knh tn s thu m ti yu cu v thng lng vn c
m bo.
Mc ch ca yu cu ny l m bo rng trm gc vn c th thu c
thng lng cao khi c mt nhiu tng v cc mc tn hiu mong mun cao.
Cng sut tn hiu nhiu c xc nh nh sau:
I dBm 174dBm / Hz 10 lgN RB .180kHz NF 20dB

(2.2)

Bit nhiu ta c th tnh c cng sut tn hiu mong mun nh sau:

pmm
req,3 .mIM pmm dBm I req,3 M im
I

(2.3)

2.2.3. nhy cm my thu vi tn hiu gy nhiu

a) Tng quan
Cc kch bn lin quan n yu cu nhy cm i vi tn hiu khc nhau
c th hin trn hnh 2.1. Trong tt c cc trng hp khi tn hiu gy nhiu l mt

tn hiu LTE, nhiu c cng bng thng vi tn hiu mong mun nhng ln nht l
5MHz.
Cc RB
gy nhiu
Cc RB
mong mun

Kch bn
ICS
Chn (ngoi bng)

Chn bng hp

1RB

ACS

Chn (trong bng)

CW
20MHz

Tn hiu LTE

Hnh 2.1. Cc yu cu i vi nhy cm ca my thu i vi tn hiu lin quan

n: chn, chn lc knh ln cn (ACS), v chn lc trong bng (ICS).

b) Chn lc trong bng (ICS)

Yu cu chn lc trong bng (ICS: In channel Selectivity) l s o kh nng
my thu thu c tn hiu mong mun ti cc khi ti nguyn c n nh cho n
khi c mt tn hiu nhiu thu c ti mt ph cng sut ln hn m vn m
bo yu cu thng lng cc i i vi knh o tham chun c c t.
Mc ch ca yu cu ny l m bo chn lc khi ti nguyn ln cn
trong bng.
Cng sut tn hiu nhiu c xc nh nh sau:
I[dBm]=-174dBm/Hz +101g(NRB.180kHz)+NF+ req,3 +16dB

(2.4)

Bit nhiu ta c th tnh c cng sut tn hiu mong mun nh sau:

Pmm[dBm] = -174dBm +101g(NRB.180kHz)+NF+ req,3 + Dsen+MIM

(2.5)

c) Chn lc knh ln cn (ACS) v nhiu chn bng hp

Yu cu chn lc knh ln cn (ACS) v chn bng hp l s o kh nng my
thu thu c tn hiu mong mun ti tn s c n nh cho n khi c mt tn hiu
gy nhiu knh ln cn m vn m bo yu cu thng lng.
Mc ch ca yu cu ny l kim chng chn lc knh ln cn.
chn lc v chn bng hp c tm quan trng trnh nhiu gia cc nh khai thc.
ACS l hiu s gia cng sut tn hiu gy nhiu trung bnh (Pmin) v cng
sut nhiu cc i cho php (Imax) c tnh ton nh sau:

10
Pmm
SNRreq.3 I max [dVBm ] Pnm SNRreq.3
I max

(2.6)

d) Nhiu chn
Yu cu chn l s o kh nng thu c tn hiu mong mun ti tn s knh
c n nh khi c mt mt nhiu khng mong mun m vn m bo yu cu
thng lng.
Mc ch ca yu cu ny l kim tra chn lc ti cc tn s khc nhau
ngoi tr knh ln cn.

e) Pht x gi ca my thu
Cng sut pht x gi l cng sut c to ra hay c khuch i trong
my thu v xut hin ti connecto anten thu trm gc.
Yu cu ti thiu i vi pht x gi my thu c cho trong bng 2.1.
Bng 2.1. Yu cu ti thiu i vi pht x gi my thu
Di tn
30MHz - 1 GHz
1GHz - 12.75 GHz

Mc cc i
-57 dBm
-47 dBm

Bng thng o
100 kHz
1 MHz

f) iu ch giao thoa my thu

Loi b p ng iu ch giao thoa l mt s o kh nng my thu thu c
tn hiu mong mun ti tn s knh c n nh cho n khi c mt hai tn hiu gy
nhiu c quan h tn s c bit vi tn hiu mong mun m vn m bo yu cu
thng lng.
Yu cu hiu nng iu ch giao thoa quy nh, cng sut trung bnh ca tn hiu
mong mun bng Pmin + 6dB, cng sut trung bnh ca tn hiu gy nhiu bng -52dBm,
dch tn gia tn s tn hiu nhiu CW vi bin knh tn hiu mong mun bng 1,5 bng
thng knh tn hiu gy nhiu LTE v kiu tn hiu.

2.3. Kin trc my pht v cc b khuch i cng sut

2.3.1 Cng sut pht u ra
Cng sut u ra nh hng trc tip ln nhiu gia cc s dng cng knh
v bin pht x bn ngoi bng cng tc. V th n nh hng n kh nng h

11

thng LTE t c hiu xut ph tn cc i v y chnh l l do cn t chnh

xc cng sut pht ra ca my pht.
i vi eNodeB, cng sut pht ra cc i phi duy tr trong dung sai
khong 2dB so vi cng sut c nh sn xut thng bo.
i vi UE cng sut pht ra cc i l 23dBm v phi m bo dung sai 2dB.

2.3.2 Pht x khng mong mun ca bng tn cng tc

LTE nh ngha cc yu cu cho c hai kiu pht x khng mong mun, trong
yu cu i vi cc pht x gi cht ch hn.
Cc pht x ngoi bng (OOB) nm gn pht x mong mun => tng mc
cng sut pht mong mun thng => tng mc cc pht x khng mong mun.
Tri li gim cng sut pht thng l mt gii php hiu qu gim cc pht x
OOB v y l mt bin pht p ng cc yu cu v hiu nng.
Trong LTE, cc pht x OOB c nh ngha bng cc yu cu v mt n
ph pht x (SEM) v ACLR.

2.3.3 T l r knh ln cn (ACLR)

a) Quy nh ACLR v ACS
ACLR quy nh t s cng sut pht ca tn hiu mong mun trong bng
thng knh c n nh vi cng sut pht x ca tn hiu khng mong mun trn
knh ln cn. ACD nh ngha kh nng my thu lc b tn hiu trn knh ln cn.
Quan h gia cc thng s knh ln cn c xc nh theo phng trnh nh sau:
ACIR

1
1
1

ACLR ACS

(2.7)

b) ng tn ti vi cc h thng khc trn cc sng mang ln cn trong cng

bng tn cng tc
c) ng tn ti vi cc h thng khc lm vic trong cc bng cng tc ln cn.
2.3.4 Cht lng tn hiu pht

a) nh ngha EVM

12

EVM l s o mo do cc khng hon thin ca phn v tuyn gy ra trong

thc hin thc t. Cc gi tr EVM phi tho mn cc quy nh cho bng 2.2
Bng 2.2. Cc yu t v EVM

ng ln
ng xung

iu ch
QPSK
16QAM
QPSK
16QAM
64QAM

Yu cu EVM (%)
17,5
12,5
17,5
12,5
8,0

b) Rt ra yu cu EVM
EVM yu cu nm trong di 10-6,3%.
i vi chn 64QAM MCSm ta c yu cu 7,9% EVM.
i vi 16QAM: di C/I t 6 n 12dB, im gia C/I~9dB vi yu cu
EVM bng 12,9%.
i vi QPSK: di C/I t -8 n 6db, im gia C/I ~ -1dB vi cc yu
cu EVM bng 29,6% v 16,3% (cho 6dB C/I).
Cc gi tr EVM yu cu i vi 64QAM, 16QAM v QPSK l 8%,
12,5% v 17,5%.

2.4. Kt lun chng

Chng ny xt cc yu cu chung i vi eNodeB v trc ht xt cc
yu cu i vi my pht eNodeB. Lin quan n cc yu cu ny, chng xt
cc yu cu cht lng tn hiu pht (EVM), cng sut u ra my pht, cc pht x
khng mong mun, t l r knh ln cn, ng tn ti vi cc h thng khc trn
cc sng mang ln cn trong cng bng tn cng tc cng nh trong cc bng tn
ln cn. Chng xt cc yu cu i vi my thu eNodeB. Lin quan n vn
ny chng xt: mc nhy tham chun, di ng, nhy i vi nhiu ca
my thu, chn lc trong bng, chn lc knh ln cn v nhiu chn bng hp,
nhiu chn, pht x gi ca my thu, iu ch giao thoa. ngoi ra chng cng xt
hiu nng gii iu ch ca eNodeB.

13

Chng 3: KIN TRC ENODEB TRONG LTE

3.2 Gii thiu chung v eNodeB cho LTE
3.2.1 Kin trc c s ca eNodeB:
3.2.1.1 Kin trc c s
Kin trc eNode c thit k trn c s phn cng v phn mm. Phn cng
bao gm 4 phn chnh: n v v tuyn (RFU: Radio Frequency Units), n v bng
gc (BBU: Baseband Unit), phn iu khin v truyn dn nh hnh 3.1.
Phn mm
RF3

RFU

BBU

...

RP2
Chuyn
mch

Giao din

Cc n v RF

Module
bng gc

Module truyn dn

Module iu
khin

iu khin v
ng b
RF1

Module ngun

Hnh 3.1 Kin trc chung ca mt BTS

3.2.1.2 Kin trc phn mm:

Kin trc phn mm eNodeB c th hin trn hnh 3.2
Inter Cell RRM
Mobility control
RB Control

Radio admission
control
Provisionning

O&M Agent

SON

Fault management

Configuration
management

Dynamic resource allocation

Measurement
configuration

Load balacing

RRC
S1-AP

DCP

X2-AP

GTP-U

RLC
STCP

MAC
MAC Physical adaptation layer

OS Adaptation layer
OS
TCP/UDP

LTE PHY

Network Hadware

Hnh 3.2 Kin trc phn mm ca ENODE B

IP (IPSec)

14

3.2.1.3 Kin trc phn cng

*/ Kin trc tng quan phn cng ca mt eNodeB
Cu trc tng qut phn cng ca mt eNodeB c cho trn hnh 3.3
B lc
song cng
Phn v
tuyn pht

Cc b dao
ng ni

Phn v
tuyn thu

DAC

B dao ng
chun

ADC

RRC

RRC

iu khin
cng sut pht

AFC

AGC

X l bng gc
ADC: Anolog to Digital Converter: B bin i
tng t thnh s
DAC: Digital to Anolog Converter: B bin i
s thnh tng t
RRC: Rt Rased Consine: B lc cosin tng cn hai
AFC: Automatic Frequency Control: B t ng iu khin tn s
AGC: Automatic Gain Control: b t iu khuch

Hnh 3.3. Kin trc tng qut phn cng ca mt eNodeB

*/ Cu trc my pht i tn
Cu trc my pht i tn trong eNodeB c trnh by hnh 3.4
Phn x l bng gc (BB: Base Band)

Phn x l v tuyn

Min s

Min tng t
IF (Intermediate
Frequency: trung tm

CRC

Cc b trn

M ha xon
hoc turbo

B an xen
khi

RF (Radio Frequency:
Tn s v tuyn

B lc
RRC

DAC

OFDA

900

a
PA

B lc
RRC

PA: Rower Amplifier: B khuch i cng sut

RF LO: Radio frequency locar oscillator:
b giao ng ni v tuyn
IF LO: Intermediate frequency locar oscillator:
B giao ng ni trung tm

DAC

RFLO
IP LO

Hnh 3.4. Cu trc my pht i tn trong eNodeB

15

*/ Cu trc my thu
Phn x l bng gc (BB: Base Band)

Phn x l v tuyn
Min tng t

RF (Radio Frequency:
Tn s v tuyn)

Min s

IF (Intermediate
Frequency: trung tm)
Cc b trn
ADC

IF (Intermediate
Frequency: trung tm)

B lc
RRC

Gii iu
ch OFDA

900

LNA
ADC

B lc
RRC

Gii an
xen khi
Gii m xon
hoc turbo

RFLO

LNA:

Low Noise Amplifier:

IP LO
B khuch i tp m nh
RF LO: Radio frequency locar oscillator:
b giao ng ni v tuyn
IF LO: Intermediate frequency locar
oscillator: B giao ng ni trung tm

Gii CRC

Hnh 3.5. Cu trc tng qut phn cng ca mt my thu i tn (heterodyne)

*/ Cu trc my thu
AFE2

X l tn hiu bng
gc s

DUC

DPD

DAC

PA

VCO/DDS

DDC

ADC

ADC: Analog Digital Converter: B bin i tng t thnh s

APE: Analog Front End: u pht thu tng t
DAC: Digital Analog Converter: B bin i s thnh tng t
DDC: Digital Downconverter: B bin i h tn
DUC: Digital Upconverter: B bin i nng tn

LNA

B lc song cng

AFE1

IF s

DPD: Digital Predistortion: Lm mo trc s

DDS: Direct Digital Syntheser:
IF: Intermediate Frequency: B khuch i tp m thp
VCO: Voltage Controlled Oscillator: B giao ng iu khin
bng in p

Hnh 3.6. Thc hin pht/thu bin i qua trung tn s

3.2.2. Kin trc tng qut ca eNodeB trn c s SDR

3.2.3.1 Kin trc phn cng ca mt my thu pht s
H thng v tuyn SDR c xy dng trn c s kin trc phn cng nn
tng ca mt my thu pht s. Kin trc tng qut ca mt my thu pht s bao
gm: u v tuyn (RPE: Radio Frequency Front - End), phn trung tn (IF:
Intermediate Frequency) v phn bng gc.

16

Chc nng ca RFE l pht v thu tn hiu v tuyn (RF: Radio Frequency)
thng qua anten.
H thng SDR l tng l mt h thng c th lp trnh n phn v tuyn.

3.2.3.2 Kin trc phn mm h thng v tuyn SDR

3.2.3.3 Kin trc nn tng bng gc a chun
3.3 nh gi cc tiu ch thit k v la chn nh sn xut eNodeB
Xy dng cc tiu ch thit k eNodeB nhm nh gi v a ra nhng la
chn kin trc eNodeB ph hp. Cc tiu ch thit k eNodeB nh:
Nn tng BTS tin tin, kt hp mng UMTS v GSM, chia s RAN v pht
trin lin tc
Dung lng ln, vng ph rng v thng lng cao
Tiu th nng lng thp v hiu sut cao
Chc nng SON tng cng
Truyn ti IP ton din
D dng lp t v CAPEX thp
Cc cng ngh a anten tin tin

3.4 Sn phm eNodeB cho LTE ca Huawai

3.4.1 Kin trc LTE DBS v c tnh k thut
3.4.1.1 Kin trc LTE DBS
3.4.1.2 c t k thut
Bng 3.2. cho thy c t k thut in hnh ca DBS (da trn c t cu
DBS3900).
Bng 3.1. c t k thut ca DBS
Bng tn

700MHZ; 850MHZ; 1,7/2, 1GHz; 2,6 GHz.

Bng thng knh

1,4MHz; 3MHz; 5MHz; 15MHz; 20MHz

Cng ngh a anten

MIMO (2x2, 4x2), phn tp Tx/Rx

17
Cng sut u ra cc i

RRU: 2x40W vi cc tu chn kh nh c gim n 2x10W,

2x20W hay 2x30W

Kch thc (HxWxD)

BBU: 86mmx442mm310mm (3,4''x17,5''x12,2'')

RRU: 485mm x 285mmmx170mm (19,1''x11,4''x6,7''

Trng lng

BBU: 12kg
RRU: < 19kg

Tiu th ngun in hnh

<800W (S1/1/1)

Nhit lm vic

BBU: -200C n +550C (-40F n + 1310F)

RRU: -400C n +550C(-400F n +1310F)

Truyn dn

2 ca quang FE/GE, hai ca in FE/GE, cc ca E1/T1 (tu chn)

Tu chn ng b ng h

Ethernet (ITU-T) G.8261), GPS, IEE 1588v2, ng h trn IP

3.4.2. n v bng gc, BBU

3.4.2.1 Cc chc nng ca BBU
3.4.2.2 Cc ca ca BBU
Bng 3.2. M t cc ca trn cc phin hoc module ca BBU
Module
hay phin
LMPT

Ca

S
lng

Connect

Chc nng

Ca
Opital

FE/GE 2

SFP

Pht s liu lu lng trn cc

giao din S1 v X2

Ca
in

FE/Ge 2

RJ45

Pht s liu lu lng trn cc

giao din S1 v X2

USB

Ti xung phn mm

Ca USB

Ca TST

o th

Ca
Ethenet 1
a thit b vo
vn hnh

RJ45

Bo dng ti ch

Ca anten GPS

SMA

Ni n mt anten GPS

LBBO

Ca CPRI

SFR

Giao din gia BBU v RRU

UPEU

cm ngun 1
nui

3V3

Nhn ngun - 49V C

MON0

RJ45

MON1

RJ45

Pht cc tn hiu kim tra

RS485 v kt ni n cc thit
b gim st bn ngoi

18
Pht 8 lung E1/T1 khi cn lp
cu hnh cc ca E1/T1

UTRP

E1/T1

DB26

UFLPb

Ca GE

RJ45

Ca GE

RJ45

Ca RGPS

u cui hn Nhn tn hiu RGPS

ni cc dy
phin mch in

Ca BITS

Connect cp Nhn cc tn hiu BITS

ng trc SMA

USCU

3.4.2.3 c t thng s BBU3900:

Bng 3.3. c t thng s k thut ca BBU3900
Danh mc

c t

Kch thc (HxWxD)

86mmx442mmx310mm

Trong lng

< 12kg (cu hnh y )

Ngun nui

-48DC; di in p: -38,4V DC n -57V C

Nhit
m tng i

5% RH n 90%RH

p sut kh quyn

70kPa n 106kPa

Ch s chng thm nhp

(Ingres Protection ratings)

IP20 (chng thm nhp vt th 12mm2 nhng khng chng

thm nc)

ng b ng h

Ethernet (ITU-TG.8261), GPS, IEE1588 V2 ng h trn IP.

Dao ng t do ca OCXO (OVen Controled Crystal
Oscilattor: b dao ng thch anh vi hp c iu khin
nhit), IPSS+ToD, E1/T1, GLONASS (Global Navigation
Satellite System: h thng v tinh nh v ton cu ca Nga).

Ca CPRI

H tr 6 ca CPRI trn mt LBBP

H tr ca CPRI 4.0 v tng thch vi ca CPRI 3.0

Ca truyn dn

Hai ca FE/GE in
Hay hai ca FE/GE quang
Hay mt ca FE/GE in v mt ca FE/GE quang
Hai ca E1/T1 tu chn. Mi ca m bo bn E1/T1

19

3.4.3 Cc cu hnh v dung lng ca DBS 3900

3.4.3.1 Cc cu hnh in hnh
Bng 3.5 m t cc cu hnh in hnh ca DBS (DBS3900) vi cc bng
thng khc nhau, cc cu hnh MIMO khc nhau v cc cu hnh site khc nhau.
Bng 3.4 Cc cu hnh in hnh ca DBS (BBS3900)

Cu hnh

S lng phin

MINO

S lng RRU

LBBPc

3x5MHz/10HMz

4x2MIMO

3x15MHz/20MHz

4x2MIMO

6x5MHz/10MHz

2x2MIMO

3x15MHz/20MHz

2x2MIMO

3.4.3.2. Cc cu hnh cc i

3.4.3.3 c t dung lng

3.5. Tng kt
Chng ny trc ht xt n kin trc c s ca eNodeB. Mt eNodeB bao
gm phn cng v phn mm. Phn cng bao gm bn module chnh: module
truyn dn giao din vi mng h tng di ng, module ng b v iu khin v
module ngun. Module thu pht c tch ring thnh hai phn: Module bng gc
v Module v tuyn. Hai Module ny c ni vi nhau qua giao din chun CPRI
hoc OBSAI. Phn mm c chia thnh bn phn chnh: phn mm giao thc,
phn mm qun l ti nguyn v tuyn, phn mm khai thc v bo dng v phn
mm t t chc SON.
Chng xt kh k kin trc phn cng ca mt eNodeB. Cc xu th thit
k cc eNode hin i u hng n a bng a chun, s ho v SDR.
Chng xt cc kin trc eNodeB t l c s la chn nh cung cp ph
hp vi cc nh mng. Chng xt cc gii php trin khai mng DBS khc
nhau, nghin cu c th v thit b ca eNodeB ca hng Huawei.

20

Chng 4 - NGHIN CU TRIN KHAI ENODEB TRONG

LTE TRN TH GII V TI VIT NAM
4.1 Thc tin trin khai eNodeB trn th gii
4.1.1 Xu hng trin khai
- TeliaSonera l telco u tin thng mi ha LTE vo nm 2010, sau
Telstra (c) l trin khai LTE rng ri u tin trn th gii vo cui nm 2011 ti
c. Song song , Ericsson l nh sn xut thit b u tin pht trin cc h tng
phc v h thng mng LTE.
- Ericsson v Alcatel-Lucent l cc i tc cung cp c s h tng LTE,
NodeB cho cc nh mng chim th phn ln th trng M nh: Verizon
Wireless, AT&T t 2010 n nay.
- NTT DoCoMo l nh khai thc di ng u tin ca Nht Bn bt u a
ra cc dch v LTE t nm 2010. Hin nay Ericsson cng l hng cung cp c s h
tng LTE cho nh mng NTT DoCoMo.
- Nh mng vi s thu bao ln nht th gii nh China Mobile (Trung Quc)
v Bharti Airtel (n ) kin kt thnh lp nhm pht trin chun LTE gi tt l
GTI. Huawei l nh cung cp chnhc s h tng LTE cho nhm pht trin ny.

4.1.2 Tnh hnh trin khai LTE trn th gii

Cui nm 2012 c 110 nh cung cp dch v LTE trn hn 50 nc trn th
gii. Tnh n thng 9/2013 trn th gii c tng s 298 nh cung cp cam kt trin
khai mng LTE trn 131 quc gia.
Tnh n nay, TeliaSonera ch mi c hn 5000 ngi thu bao dch v LTE
vi gn 900 eNodeB trin khai Thy in.
Verizon USA ng u trong bng xp hng cc nh mng c nhiu thu bao
LTE nht, vi 3,1 triu thu bao vhn 100 nghn eNodeB trin khai ti M v
mt s quc gia khc.
NTT DoCoMo Nht Bn vi hn 388 ngn thu bao vi 10 nghn eNodeB.

21

Chu u, nh mng c nhiu thu bao LTE nht l Vodafone D2 c

vi 52 ngn thu bao vi 8 nghn eNodeB.

4.2 Tnh hnh trin khai eNodeB ti Vit Nam

4.2.1 Xu hng nhu cu s dng ti Vit Nam
H tng mng vin thng ca Vit Nam khng ngng c pht trin, thay
i c cng ngh ln m hnh cu trc.
Bng 4.1 Tng s NodeB cc doanh nghip trin khai

STT
1
2
3
4

Tn doanh nghip 3G

Tng s NodeB cam kt

ti thi im 3 nm
Viettel
5.000
Lin doanh EVNTelecom
2.421
v Hanoi Telecom
VMS
2.327
VNPT (Vinaphone)
3.006
Tng s

Tng s trin
khai
18.585
2.224
5.400
7.503

Bng 4.2 Vng ph sng 3G

STT
1
2
3
4

Tn doanh nghip 3G
Viettel
Lin doanh EVNTelecom
v Hanoi Telecom
VMS
VNPT (Vinaphone)

Vng ph sng ti thi

im 3 nm (%)
86,32
46,21

Vng ph sng
trin khai (%)
96,61
70,00

52,13
73,84

100,00
100,00

4.2.2 Tnh hnh trin khai ti Vit Nam

B Thng tin v Truyn thng ng cho 5 doanh nghip gm VNPT,
Viettel, FPT Telecom, CMC v VTC c th nghim mng di ng 4G/LTE.
VNPT s c VDC trin khai vi 15 trm eNodeB ti H Ni, bn knh ph
sng mi trm khong 1km.
Viettel bt u th nghim mng LTE vi 40 eNodeB pht ti 2 qun
ng a v Ba nh H Ni, v 40 eNodeB ti qun Tn Bnh v Tn Ph
thnh ph H Ch Minh.

22

i vi cc doanh nghip nh FPT, MCM,VTC vic th nghim cn nhiu

hn ch, mi trin khai th nghim cho cc site inbuilding.

4.3 Xy dng cc gii php trin khai eNodeB

4.3.1. Cc gii php truyn dn cho mng truy nhp v tuyn di ng
Xy dng gii pht i vi mng v tuyn gm:
- Gii php mng quang ring
- Gii php s dng WDM chng ln PON gi

4.3.2. Cc kch bn trin khai DBS trn mt site

Gm cc kch bn:
- Kch bn s dng BBU+RRU+APM30H

- Kch bn s dng BBU+RRU+TMC11H

- Kch bn s dng cu hnh BBU+RRU+hp my 19 inch
- Kch bn s dng cu hnh BBU+RRU+tng trong nh
- Kch bn s dng cu hnh BBU+RRU+ ICR
- Kch bn s dng cu hnh BBU+RRU+ IMB03
- Kch bn s dng cu hnh BBU+RRU+ OMB
4.4 Kt lun chng
Trong chng ny em trnh by tm hiu v tnh hnh trin khai LTE trn
th gii. Chng trnh by tnh hnh trin khai LTE v s lng eNodeB trin khai
ti mt s quc gia trn th gii nh nh M, Anh, Php, Nht, Hn Quc
Ni dung chng cng tm hiu v xu hng pht trin v tnh hnh th
nghim cng ngh LTE ca cc nh mng Vit Nam, s lng cc eNodeB lp t
th nghim ca cc nh mng. Vit Nam hin nay c 5 nh mng c ng th
nghim, v trin khai th nghim mnh m nht l Viettel, v VNPT. Ni dung chng
cng a ra mt s cc gii php trin khai eNodeB

23

KT LUN V KIN NGH

Sau qu trnh nghin cu, thc hin lun vn tt nghip, vi s n lc ca
bn thn cng vi s gip ca cc gio vin, ng nghip v cc bn n nay
lun vn ca ti hon thnh v c bn p ng c yu cu t ra.
Kt qu t c ca lun vn:
- Ch ra c cc c im vt tri ca cng ngh LTE, tng quan kin trc
v tuyn LTE.
- Tng quan cc yu cu chung v kin trc my thu my pht eNodeB, xt cc
yu cu cht lng tn hiu pht, cng sut u ra my pht, cc pht x khng mong
mun, t l d knh ln cn ng thi xt mc nhp tham chun, di ng, nhy
i vi nhiu ca my thu, pht x my thu, v xt hiu nng gii iu ch ca eNodeB.
- Tng quan v kin trc c s, cu trc phn cng, phn mm eNodeB, a
ra cc tiu ch chung thit k eNodeB lm c s la chn nh cung cp thit b, v
nghin cu c th v thit b eNodeB ca Huawei.
- Phn thch tnh hnh trin khai eNodeB trn th gii v Vit Nam
Tuy nhin, do kin thc v thc nghim cn hn ch nn lun vn mi ch
dng li phn tm hiu v kin trc enNodeB, cha nghin cu su v cc vn
khai thc v bo dng eNodeB, cc kch bn trin khai eNodeB. Em hy vng sau
ny nu c iu kin s tip tc pht trin lun vn tp trung tm hiu, nghin cu
cc gii pht trin khai eNodeB.
Mt ln na em xin chn thnh cm n s gip nhit tnh ca thy gio TS.
Nguyn Phm Anh Dng cng cc thy c ti trng Hc vin Cng ngh Bu
chnh Vin thng gip em trong sut qu trnh hc tp v hon thin lun vn.
H Ni, ngy

thng 9 nm 2013

Hc vin thc hin

Phm Th Thanh Loan