SynCom SM-B1

SDH STM-1 MULTIPLEXER

Technical Manual

Release2.6

SynCom Network, Inc

4F, NO.31, HSINTAI ROAD, CHUPEI CITY, HSINCHU HSIEN, TAIWAN
TEL:+886-3-553-0522 FAX:+886-3-553-0523
http://www.syncom.com.tw

SynCom Network, Inc.

Contents

Contents
Chapter 1 System Introduction & Applications...................................................................................................................1
1.1 System Introductions................................................................................................................................................1
1.2 System Specifications...............................................................................................................................................2
1.2.1 Optical Aggragate Interface.............................................................................................................................2
1.2.2 Tributary Interface...........................................................................................................................................2
1.2.3 Operations Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................3
1.2.4 Discrete Control & Alarm................................................................................................................................3
1.2.5 Timing Source Input & Output........................................................................................................................3
1.2.6 Mechanical.......................................................................................................................................................3
1.2.7 Operating Environment....................................................................................................................................4
1.2.8 Power Requirement..........................................................................................................................................4
1.3 Role Type..................................................................................................................................................................4
1.4 System Modes and Clock Source.............................................................................................................................4
1.4.1 Terminal Multiplexer (TM) Mode Application...............................................................................................5
1.4.2 Linear Add/Drop Multiplexer (LADM) Application.......................................................................................5
1.4.3 Multiplexer Section Protection (MSP) mode Application...............................................................................5
1.5 System Applications.................................................................................................................................................5
1.5.1 Point to Point Ring Application.......................................................................................................................6
1.5.2 Chain Application............................................................................................................................................6
1.5.3 Two Joint Chains Application..........................................................................................................................6
1.5.4 Self-Healing Ring (SHR) Applications............................................................................................................6
Chapter 2 Panel Descriptions...............................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Introductions.............................................................................................................................................................8
2.2 Front View of SM-B1...............................................................................................................................................8
2.2.1 System Control and System Status..................................................................................................................8
2.2.2 Transmission Status.........................................................................................................................................9
2.2.3 Optical Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................10
2.3 Back View of SM-B1.............................................................................................................................................10
2.3.1 Power Protection............................................................................................................................................11
2.3.2 Optical Auto Laser Shutdown........................................................................................................................11
2.4 FRONT ACCESS BOX..........................................................................................................................................11
Chapter 3 Operation, Administration & Provisioning (OAM&P).....................................................................................12
3.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................................12
3.2 Operations Interfaces..............................................................................................................................................12
3.2.1 Graphical User Interface (GUI).....................................................................................................................12
3.2.2 DCC Interface................................................................................................................................................12
3.2.3 Push-Button, Transmission Status and E1 Status Indicators.........................................................................13
3.2.4 Office Alarms ................................................................................................................................................13

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Contents

3.2.5 Discrete Environmental-Alarms ....................................................................................................................13

3.2.6 Equipment error performance .......................................................................................................................14
3.2.7 Orderwire Voice Interface (Optional)............................................................................................................14
3.3 Administration........................................................................................................................................................14
3.3.1 System Administration...................................................................................................................................14
3.3.1.1 Housekeeping........................................................................................................................................14
3.3.1.2 Administrative states ............................................................................................................................14
3.3.1.3 Operation states.....................................................................................................................................15
3.3.2 Memory Administration.................................................................................................................................15
3.3.2.1 Memory Backup and Restoration..........................................................................................................15
3.3.2.2 Data Manipulation.................................................................................................................................15
3.4 Maintenance............................................................................................................................................................15
3.4.1 Alarm Surveillance.........................................................................................................................................16
3.4.1.1 Failure States.........................................................................................................................................16
3.4.1.2 AIS: Alarm Indication Signaling...........................................................................................................16
3.4.1.3 FERF: Far End Receive Failure............................................................................................................17
3.4.1.4 Fault Detection, Isolation and Reporting..............................................................................................19
3.4.2 Performance Monitoring(PM)........................................................................................................................20
3.4.2.1 PM Parameters.......................................................................................................................................20
3.4.2.2 PM Data Collection and Initialization...................................................................................................22
3.4.2.3 Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCA).........................................................................................................22
3.4.3 Testing Capability..........................................................................................................................................23
3.4.3.1 Self Diagnostics Capability...................................................................................................................23
3.4.4 Loopback Test Capability..............................................................................................................................24
3.4.5 Control Features.............................................................................................................................................24
3.4.6 Optical Interface Manual Switch...................................................................................................................25
3.4.7 VC12 Path Protection Switching...................................................................................................................25
3.4.7.1 How to Enable Path Protection Switching............................................................................................25
3.4.7.2 How the Path Protection Switching is Made........................................................................................26
3.5 Provisioning............................................................................................................................................................26
3.5.1 Default Provisioning......................................................................................................................................26
3.5.2 Local and Remote Provisioning.....................................................................................................................26
Chapter 4 EM GUI System Introduction............................................................................................................................27
4.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................................27
4.2 System Requirements..............................................................................................................................................27
4.3 Features...................................................................................................................................................................27
4.4 EM GUI Management Menu..................................................................................................................................27
4.5 The Network Topology Window and the NE Information Menu..........................................................................28
4.5.1 System ..........................................................................................................................................................29
4.5.2 Communication Control.................................................................................................................................33
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4.5.3 Cross Connection...........................................................................................................................................34

4.5.4 Protection.......................................................................................................................................................34
4.5.5 Alarm..............................................................................................................................................................34
4.5.6 PM.................................................................................................................................................................35
4.5.7 Administrate & Operation State.....................................................................................................................35
4.5.8 Download.......................................................................................................................................................36
4.5.9 Misc Tools......................................................................................................................................................36
4.6 Node Window.........................................................................................................................................................37
4.6.1 STM-1 Interface Operation............................................................................................................................37
4.6.2 E1 Interface Operation...................................................................................................................................37
4.7 Command Report Window...............................................................................................................................38
4.8 Automatic Alarm report Toolbar............................................................................................................................38
Chapter 5 Installation Guide...............................................................................................................................................41
5.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................................41
5.2 General Installation.................................................................................................................................................41
5.2.1 Environment Check and Preparation.............................................................................................................41
5.2.1.1 Required Power Supply.........................................................................................................................41
5.2.1.2 Power-on Procedure..............................................................................................................................41
5.2.2 E1/T1 Port Connection...................................................................................................................................41
5.2.3 Operations Interface Installation....................................................................................................................42
5.2.3.1 Craft Interface Device (CID) Installation..............................................................................................42
5.2.4 Environmental Alarms Monitors and External Controls Installation............................................................42
5.2.5 External Timing I/O and User Byte I/O.........................................................................................................43
5.2.6 Fiber connection between COT and RT........................................................................................................43
5.2.6.1 Optical Fiber Housing...........................................................................................................................44
5.3 The Basic Parameter Setting for SM-B1 by EM GUI............................................................................................44
5.3.1 GUI serial port connection.............................................................................................................................44
5.3.1.1 Serial Communication Port Set-up .......................................................................................................44
5.3.1.2 Login EM(GUI).....................................................................................................................................44
5.3.2 More Operations of the EM GUI...................................................................................................................45

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Chapter 1

SM-B1

System Introduction & Applications

1.1 System Introductions

The SM-B1series is part of the SynCom SDH SM series products. The name of the SM stands for
SDH Multiplexer, whereas -B1 means the Box type that supports high-speed interface, STM-1.
The basic type, SM-B1 is a SDH multiplexer equipped with two STM-1 optical aggregate interfaces
and 8/16/21/42/63 2.048 Mbit/s tributary interfaces (It is also referred to as 2Mbit/s, 2M, or E1
interchangeably throughout this or other relevant documents.). An enhanced version, SM-B1 Plus,
provides more choices: (1) to increase the number of E1 tributary interfaces up to 63; or (2) to
provide T1 tributary interfaces as well as E1 interfaces. Note that internally each T1 signal is
embedded in an E1 signal. The hierarchical structure employed in SM-B1 series for multiplexing E1
tributary into STM-1 is compliant with ITU-T G.707 as shown in the figure below.
STM-N

AUG

AU-4

VC-4

TUG-3

AU-3

TU-3

C-4

139 264 kbit/s

C-3

44 736 kbit/s
34 368 kbit/s

C-12

2048 kbit/s

VC-3

VC-3

Pointer processing

TUG-2

TU-2

VC-12

Multiplexing
Aligning
Mapping

Multiplexing Structure

Container (C)

Tributary Unit Group (TUG)

Virtual Container (VC)

Administrative (AU)

Tributary Unit (TU)

Administrative Unit Group (AUG)

Figure1-1 Multiplexing Structure

As shown in the picture below, the SM-B1 enclosure is a stand-alone entity with two front access
optical interfaces. Interfaces to low speed signals, office power, and operation interfaces can be
accessed from the back. This design is so that the SM-B1 system is constructed in a compact form.
The mechanical structure is so compact that it can be used as a desktop unit. It can be easily fit into a
cabinet without taking much space. It can also be mounted in a standard 19-inch wide rack. The SMB1series can be field programmed as a standard SDH Terminal Multiplexer (TM), a Linear
Add/Drop Multiplexer (LADM), or an Optical Regenerator (OR) using the same unit.
The SM-B1series provides the following management functions: fault management, performance
management, configuration management, and security management. It also supports centralized
network management. With SynCom Element Manager; multiple SM series subnetworks can be
managed from a central office.
The SM-B1 series supports a complete operations interface that is consistent with the
Telecommunication Management Network (TMN) concept (ITU-T Recommendation M.3010) and
the requirements of the SDH Management (ITU-T Rec. G.784). Being one of the SynCom SDH
series products, the SM-B1 series works seamlessly with other SynCom SDH SM series products:
SM-M1, SM-M4, SM-B16, and the SynCom Element Manager: EM, etc.
In the subsequent clauses, "SM-B1" is used for both SM-B1 and SM-B1 Plus models. Only when
features for a specific model are unavailable in the other, the specific model will be mentioned.

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SM-B1

1.2 System Specifications

This clause describes the system specifications.

1.2.1 Optical Aggragate Interface

The two optical interfaces are of the STM-1 data rate and compliant with Rec. G.957 and G.958.
Data Rate...............................................................155.520 Mbit/s + 20ppm
Source....................................................................MLM LD
Minimum Output...................................................-12 ~ -8 dBm
(Other power budget are available depending upon request.)
Wavelength...........................................................1310 + 30nm (1550nm optional)
Line Code..............................................................Scrambled NRZ
Fiber Type.............................................................single mode
Detector Type........................................................PIN-FET
Minimum Sensitivity.............................................-34 ~ -30 dBm
Min. Extinction Ratio............................................10 dB
System Gain..........................................................21/28 dB (short haul/long haul)
As a convention, the two optical interfaces of each SM-B1 are named East STM-1 and West STM-1.
We will refer to the optical interface as such in the subsequent clauses and other relevant documents.

1.2.2 Tributary Interface

The tributary interface complies with the ITU-T Rec. 703.
SM-B1
E1 tributaries.........................................................8/16/21 channels/ per unit
Data Rate...............................................................2.048 Mbit/s + 50ppm
Line Code..............................................................HDB3 (G.703)
Line Impedance.....................................................75/120 ohms (G.703)
Jitter performance..................................................ITU-T G.823

SM-B1 Plus mode

E1 tributaries
Data Rate...............................................................2.048 Mbit/s + 50ppm
Line Code..............................................................HDB3 (G.703)
Line Impedance.....................................................75/120 ohms (G.703)
Jitter performance..................................................ITU-T G.823

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SM-B1

E3 tributaries
Data Rate...............................................................34,368Kbit/s20ppm (G.703)
Line Code..............................................................HDB3 (G.703)
Line Impedance.....................................................75ohms(G.703)
T1 tributaries
Data Rate...............................................................1.544 Mbit/s + 50ppm
Line Code..............................................................B8ZS/AMI field selectable
Line Impedance.....................................................100 ohms
T3 tributaries
Data Rate...............................................................44,736Kbit/s20ppm (G.703)
Line Code..............................................................B3ZS (G.703)
Line Impedance.....................................................75ohms (G.703)
Capacity
Models provided are as follows:
63/42/21/16/8 E1 channels per unit
4/8/16/21E1 and 1/2/3 E3/T3/T1 channels per unit
22 E1 and 20 T1 channels per unit
6 E1 and 2 T1 channels per unit

1.2.3 Operations Interfaces

The operation interfaces mostly follows the requirements in ITU-T Rec. G.773. However, the
application layer message is proprietary. The management operation complies with the requirements
in ITU-T G.784.
OSS interface........................................................LAN
Local craft interface..............................................V.28, 38400 bit/s
NE/NE interface....................................................DCC, G.773, QB1

1.2.4 Discrete Control & Alarm

Office Alarms / External Control..........................major/minor (visual/audible)
Environment Alarms.............................................8

1.2.5 Timing Source Input & Output

Input......................................................................2.048MHz
Square Wave.........................................................2.048MHz data (75/120 Ohms)
Output....................................................................2.048Mb/s, framed all one

1.2.6 Mechanical
Box Size
1U (SM-B1)
Height....................................................................43mm (1.69 inches)
Width.....................................................................438mm (17.24 inches)
Depth.....................................................................244mm (9.6 inches)
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SM-B1

1.5U (SM-B1 Plus)

Height....................................................................64.5mm (2.54 inches)
Width.....................................................................438mm (17.24 inches)
Depth.....................................................................244mm (9.6 inches)
Interfaces (connector)
STM-1...................................................................FC/PC
E1/T1.....................................................................DB-37
E3/T3.....................................................................BNC
CIT........................................................................DB-9
LAN.......................................................................RJ-45
Order wire Interface..............................................RJ-11
Timing I/O & User Byte I/O.................................DB-9
Environment Alarm...............................................DB-9
Office Alarm / External Control...........................DB-9
Power.....................................................................Screw lug

1.2.7 Operating Environment

Temperature Range...............................................-10oC ~ 65oC
Humidity................................................................up to 95% without condensation

1.2.8 Power Requirement

Input Voltage.........................................................AC:110V~220V ; DC:-42V~-56V
Power Consumption..............................................< 35 watt

1.3 Role Type

Each SM-B1 has a defined role in an SDH system application. Two roles are defined in current
applications:
Central Office Terminal (COT); and
Remote Terminal (RT).
The role type is field programmable. The COT is similar to the Gateway Network Element (GNE)
defined in ITU-T Rec. G.784. It acts as the gateway between the Network Elements (NEs) in the
subnetwork and the EM/GUI. The significance of the role type is that certain commands are allowed
at the COT only. The details are described in CHAPTER 3 Operation, Administration &
Provisioning (OAM&P).

1.4 System Modes and Clock Source

The SM-B1 can be field programmed into the following modes to support various applications. The
selectable system modes are as the following:
Terminal Multiplexer (TM) mode;
Linear Add/Drop Multiplexer (LADM) mode;
Two (independent) Terminal Multiplexers (2xTM) mode; and
Multiplexer Section Protection (MSP) mode.
The first two modes listed above are standard SDH STM-1 mode. When an SM-B1 is programmed as
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SM-B1

a TM, only one STM-1 will be active (working STM-1 is user configurable). When an SM-B1 is
programmed as a 2xTM, it acts as if it houses two back-to-back TMs in one enclosure. The two TMs
share the same internal (free-run) clock source.

1.4.1 Terminal Multiplexer (TM) Mode Application

The SM-B1 may be deployed as a Terminal Multiplexer. It supports a point-to-point application if it
is connected with another TM that could be an SM-M1 or an SM-B1.
The SM-B1 may be deployed as a TM when it is an end node in either a point-to-point or a chain
configuration as Figure 1-2. When it is assigned as a TM, user can select West or East STM-1 to be
active.
SM-B1 provides many clock timing sources for network synchronization. They are: east optical line
timing, west optical line timing, external clock input timing (2.048Mbps or 2.048MHz), tributary
E1/T1/E3/T3 (optional) timing, and internal timing. The internal timing comes from an oscillator
with 4.6ppm accuracy. The user can set the priority and the sequence of timing sources for clock
switching in case the current source does not work. The switching is done automatically by system. If
all the clock sources fail, SM-B1 will go into holdover mode with stable clock for 24 hours at least.
Figure1-2 SM-B1 as TM
E1/E3/
T1/T3

SM-B1

SM-B1

E1/E3/
T1/T3

1.4.2 Linear Add/Drop Multiplexer (LADM) Application

The SM-B1 may be configured as a Linear Add/Drop Multiplexer (LADM). The SM-B1 provides a
flexible, cost-effective solution for access network. The LADM SM-B1 is ideally suited for lowdensity routes that primarily transport 2Mbit/s traffic.
The clock source of a LADM SM-B1 is automatically assigned by the system and is generated from
TGU. TGU is optional and if TGU is absent, only through mode timing can be selected for LADM
application. The SM-B1 is assigned as LADM as an intermediate node in a chain, a ring as Figure 13.
Figure1-3 SM-B1 as LADM

LADM

LADM

SM-B1

SM-B1

E1/E3/
T1/T3

E1/E3/
T1/T3

1.4.3 Multiplexer Section Protection (MSP) mode Application

The SM-B1 may be configured as MSP when the system application is the point-to-point ring
topology. Both two nodes should be set as MSP mode.
As SM-B1 is configured as MSP mode, the low speed interface will always switch follow the highspeed interface.

1.5 System Applications

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SM-B1

In each applications described below, the SynCom SDH products: SM-B1 and SM-M1; forms a
subnetwork. Each subnetwork shall contain one COT and one or multiple RTs.

1.5.1 Point to Point Ring Application

Two SM-B1's may be connected to provide a point-to-point configuration. To take advantage of the
Path Protection capability of the SM-B1, the configuration may be considered as a two-points ring as
Figure 1-4 below. In such case, one of the nodes shall be configured as a 2xTM in the COT role; the
other shall be configured as a LADM in a RT role. Either SM-B1 in Figure 1-5 may be replaced by
SM-M1.

2xTM

LADM

SM-B1

SM-B1

E1/E3/
T1/T3

E1/E3/
T1/T3

COT

RT

Figure1-4 Point-to-point ring application

1.5.2 Chain Application

The SM-B1 may be connected in a series to form a chain. In such case, one end, say, the beginning
end shall be configured as a TM. All the intermediate nodes shall be configured as LADM. The last
one on the chain shall be configured as a TM.

1.5.3 Two Joint Chains Application

In Figure 1-5, two chains are jointed at the COT node. In this application, the COT shall be assigned
as 2xTM. In Figure 1-5, an SM-M1 is the COT. An SM-B1 can also play the COT role. The decision
to use either SM-M1 or SM-B1 depends on the number of channels required and/or future expansion.
The COT mode shall be assigned as 2xTM. Each intermediate SM-B1 shall be assigned as LADM in
the RT role. The two end nodes shall both be assigned to the TM mode while playing the RT role.
Figure1-5 Two joint chains application
SM-M1/SM-B1
S
T
M
1
U

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

E E T T
1 1 3 3
U U U U

SM-B1

S
T
M
1
U

SM-B1

SM-B1

SM-B1

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

1.5.4 Self-Healing Ring (SHR) Applications

The SM-B1 can be configured as an element of a unidirectional two-fiber Path Protection Switching

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SM-B1

Ring (PPSR). The ring topology couples with the SM-B1 Path Protection Self-Healing capability
enables the SDH subnetwork to overcome signal failure, node failure, or fiber cut.
In Figure 1-6, an SM-M1 is the COT. An SM-B1 can also play the COT role. All other SM-B1 on
the ring shall be assigned as LADM in the RT role. If a fiber cut occurs at one point of the ring, the
traffic will be re-routed at the path level without bit errors.
Figure1-6 SM-B1 PPSR application with the SM-M1
SM-M1/SM-B1
S
T
M
1
U

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

E E T T
1 1 3 3
U U U U

SM-B1

S
T
M
1
U

SM-B1

SM-B1

SM-B1

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

E1/E3/T1/T3 channels

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Chapter 2

SM-B1

Panel Descriptions

2.1 Introductions
This chapter describes the panels of the SM-B1. A SM-B1 has a Front panel and a back panel.

2.2 Front View of SM-B1

E1 STATUS
1

OW

OW

13 17

ACO
4

12

16

SM-B1

OP

21

LAN

MAJOR

WORK RESET

MINOR

20

EAST

WEST
TX

FAIL

TX

RX

RX

Figure2-1 the front view of SM-B1

WEST
TX

EAST
RX

TX

View in the fiber cover

RX

- E1 LINE

OW

OW

LAN

ACO

- E1 WORK/FAIL
- T1 LINE

- T1 WORK/FAIL

MAJOR WORK
MINOR

RESET

FAIL

SM-B1 Plus

Figure2-2 the front view of SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1 interface

WEST
TX

OW

OW

EAST
RX

R/LAN

L/LAN

TX

Ext

E1 E3/DS3

View in the fiber cover

RX

ACO

MAJOR

WORK

MINOR

FAIL

RESET

SM-B1 Plus

Figure2-3 the front view of SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1/E3/T3 interface

2.2.1 System Control and System Status

The system control part includes two push-buttons: RESET and ACO (Alarm Cut Off) and various
accessible ports.
Buttons
RESET button: Pushing the RESET button will cause the system software be restarted.
ACO button: The user may use this button to silence the audible alarm.
Port
OW: RJ11 is provided to transmit OW signal. (Optional)
LAN port: RJ45 is provided for accessing GUI data on the node.
L/LAN port: RJ45 is provided for accessing GUI data on the local node. (Optional)
R/LAN port: RJ45 is provided for accessing GUI data on the remote node. (Optional)
The system status indicators include three LEDs: WORK/FAIL (of the equipment), MAJOR/MINOR
(alarm status of the overall system), and ACO status. They are described as below.
WORK/FAIL LED

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SM-B1

GREEN: the system is working properly

RED: A permanent RED light indicates that the system fails, or data base mismatches.
MAJOR/MINOR LED
OFF: In an alarm-free state, this LED should be OFF.
RED: the system is in MAJOR alarm state.
AMBER: the system is in MINOR alarm state.
ACO LED
OFF: normal state;
AMBER: system is in the audible alarm cut-off state.

2.2.2 Transmission Status

LEDs indicate the transmission status of two high-speed lines (STM-1) and that of the E1/T1
tributaries. The meanings of various displays are described below. SM-B1 provides 21 E1 LEDs, one
for each E1 line. SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1 model provides 4 LEDs: E1 Line, E1 Work/Fail, T1 Line,
and T1 Work/Fail. For the SM-B1 Plus case, user is expected to use the EMS or CIT to further
identify the specific tributary lines.
EAST/WEST STM1 LEDs
two LEDs indicate status of EAST STM-1, and WEST STM-1, respectively.
OFF: the optical transmitter and receiver on the east/west side have been disabled;
GREEN: the optical transmitter and receiver are working fine and in alarm-free state
RED: there are alarm(s) of the higher-order path (OPTICAL, RS, MS, VC4) on the east/west side.
E1 LEDs (SM-B1)
OFF: the corresponding E1 port is not in use (No TSA at all)
GREEN: the corresponding E1 port is in use (with TSA) and in alarm-free state
RED: Either the E1 LOS alarm or the corresponding TU12 related alarms occur.
E1/T1 Work/Fail LED (SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1 model)
OFF: all E1/T1 lines are not used.(no any TSA)
GREEN: at least one E1/T1 is used and no alarms happen on that E1/T1.
RED: at least one E1/T1 has alarms.
There are three LED on the panel of SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1/E3/T3
Ext LED (SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1/E3/T3)
OFF: all lines in the ext. board are not used.(no any TSA)
GREEN: at least one line in the ext. board is used and no alarms happen.
RED: at least one line has alarms.
E1 LED (SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1/E3/T3)
OFF: all E1 lines are not used.(no any TSA)
GREEN: at least one E1 is used and no alarms happen on that E1.
RED: at least one E1 has alarms.
E3/DS3 LED (SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1/E3/T3)
OFF: all E3/T3 lines are not used.(no any TSA)
GREEN: at least one E3/T3 is used and no alarms happen on that E3/T3.
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SM-B1

RED: at least one E3/T3 has alarms.

2.2.3 Optical Interfaces

Each SM-B1 should be equipped with two sets of optical interfaces: the East STM-1's transmitter
(TX) and receiver (RX) and the West side's transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX). The connectors are
of the type FC/PC.

2.3 Back View of SM-B1

TIMING PORT OFFICE ALARM
|

GUI

CH1 ~ CH8

CH9 ~ CH16

CH17 ~ CH21

CH22 ~ CH29

CH30 ~ CH37

CH38 ~ CH42

CH1 ~ CH8

CH9 ~ CH16

CH17 ~ CH21

ENV. ALARM

Figure2-4 the back view of SM-B1

TIMING PORT ENV. ALARM
|

GUI

OFFICE ALARM

Figure2-5 the back view of SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1 interface

Figure2-6 the back view of SM-B1 Plus with E1/T1/E3/T3 interface

As depicted in Figure2-4/2-5/2-6, the SM-B1 system's back panel consists of the following
connectors/interfaces:
(1)

E3/DS3 Rx/Tx port: They are BNC connectors to transmit E3/DS3 signal.

(2)

TIMING PORT: an external reference timing can be fed into the system via this connector. The
external user data channel (RS232) through F1 byte is also provided in this connector.

(3)

GUI PORT: The connector type is DB-9. It provides the interface with a craftpersons local PC
or display terminal.

(4)
(5)

ENVIRONMENT ALARM PORT: It could accept up to 8 external environment alarms into

our system through this connector.
OFFICE ALARM PORT: Its a connector that could be set the office alarms (Major and Minor)
output or the external control output.

(6)

CH.1 TO CH.8 (from left to right): E1 signal input/output port. This is a DB-37 connector.

(7)

CH.9 TO CH.16 (from left to right): E1 signal input/output port. This is a DB-37 connector.

(8)

CH.17 TO CH.21 (from left to right): E1 signal input/output port. This is a DB-37 connector.

(9)

CH.22 TO CH.29 (from left to right): E1 signal input/output port. This is a DB-37 connector.

(10) CH.30 TO CH.37 (from left to right): E1 signal input/output port. This is a DB-37 connector.
(11) CH.38 TO CH.42 (from left to right): E1 signal input/output port. This is a DB-37 connector.
(12) CH.43 TO CH.50 (Or CH43 for E1, CH1~CH7 for T1) (from left to right): E1/T1 signal
input/output port. This is a DB-37 connector.
(13) CH.51 TO CH.58 (Or CH8~CH15 for T1) (from left to right): E1/T1 signal input/output port.
his is a DB-37 connector.
(14) CH.59 TO CH.63 (Or CH16~CH20 for T1) (from left to right): E1/T1 signal input/output port.
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This is a DB-37 connector.

2.3.1 Power Protection

Power protection is provided. Two power source connections: AC and DC are provided. When both
power sources are connected, the SM-B1 uses power from the AC source and switches off the DC
power connection. In the event of the AC power source failure, the SM-B1 switches the DC
connection on and uses the DC power.

2.3.2 Optical Auto Laser Shutdown

SM-B1 provides the ALS function. But user can enable or disable it. If ALS function is enabled and
Rx detects LOS, TX will shutdown the optical automatically. This is the automatic mode for ALS
function. In automatic mode, laser will be on for 2 seconds every 1 minute. During the shutdown
state, user can enable the laser manually. For the manual mode, user can enable the laser for 2
seconds. And for the test mode, user can enable it for 90 seconds. After the timer expires, if Rx still
detects LOS, then it goes back to automatic mode.

2.4 FRONT ACCESS BOX

Thanks to the necessary of field site, SynCom provides a Front Access Box to user. User can connect
all rear connectors of SM-B1 to the rear connectors of Front Access Box. Include AC/DC power
cable, Timing I/O, Environment Alarm Connector, Office Alarm Connector, GUI port and E1
connector. Front Access Box provides DB37 connector to BNC converter. User can easy to access
the E1 tributaries of SM-B1. All connector descriptions are the same as SM-B1 connector. Please
make reference the Chapter 2.3.The front view and rear view of Front Access Box are as following,

Timing I/O

GUI
FGND -48VRN -48V

16

15

14

Env. Alarm

13

12

11

Office Alarm

10

1
IN
OUT

Figure 2-5 The Front View of Front Access Box

Timing Port Office Alarm Port

CH1 ~ CH8
FGND -48VRN -48V
GUI

Env. Alarm Port

Figure 2-6 The Back View of Front Access Box

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Chapter 3

SM-B1

Operation, Administration & Provisioning (OAM&P)

3.1 Overview
The SM-B1 is a standard SDH system that provides optical transport. This system is designed for
easy installation and operation. Centralized operation is supported by a full set of single-ended
control and maintenance features. Automatic diagnostics tests and default provisioning simplify the
installation. A Graphical User Interface provides access to sophisticated maintenance and reporting
features. In summary, the SM-B1 provides excellent facilities for Operations, Administration,
Maintenance, and Provisioning. They are described in detail in this chapter.

3.2 Operations Interfaces

The SM-B1 provides various interfaces that support users access to the system and allow the
alarm/status information generated by the system to be reported.
Local operation interfaces include friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI), transmission status
indicators, E1/T1 status indicators, office alarms, and orderwire interface.
Remote control of all the Network Element (NE) is generally via the SM-B1 located at the Central
Office, called Central Office Terminal (COT). The COT is directly connected to the Operations
Support System (OSS) or Element Manager (EM). To support remote operations, the COT is
connected to remote SM-B1, called Remote Terminals (RT), via the Data Communication Channel
(DCC) that is embedded in the SDH signal. The COT performs the function of a Gateway Network
Element (GNE).
The following sections will describe all the above operations interfaces in detail.

3.2.1 Graphical User Interface (GUI)

The SM-B1 provides a DB-9/RJ45 connector to support the Graphical User Interface (GUI). The
GUI requires a Window 95 or higher based PC connects to this interface. With the software package
that is a Microsoft C++ based management software, the user can manage the local system and the
other SynCom SDH series products that are connected in the same subnetwork.
Figure3-1 Add comport Window

Figure3-2 Add LAN port Window

All operation functions supported by EM GUI include maintenance, administration, provisioning the
multiplexer, time slot assignment, and displaying the provisioning information and equipment
information.

3.2.2 DCC Interface

The SM-B1 has the capability to use Section DCC (D1~D3) for communications with other NEs in
the same SDH subnetwork.

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At this NE/NE interface, the SM-B1 currently supports the lower three layers of the OSI 7-layer
interface: the DCC, LAPD, and CLNP. The application layer messages are Object-Oriented and are
consistent with the GDMO models defined in ITU-T Rec. G.774. This interface is upgradeable by
software changes to migrate to Common Management Information Service Element / Abstract
Syntax Notation 1 (CMISE/ASN.1).

3.2.3 Push-Button, Transmission Status and E1 Status Indicators

The SM-B1 provides a RESET push-button on the front panel to request the system for soft boot, and
also an ACO (Alarm Cut-Off) push-button to cut off audible alarm immediately.
The SM-B1 also provides the transmission status indicators to show the system-level information.
Three LEDs on the front panel are for this purpose. They are: (1) System work or fail
(WORK/FAIL); (2) Major /Minor Alarm (MAJOR/MINOR); (3) East STM-1 status (EAST STM1);
(4) West STM-1 status (WEST STM1); and (5) Alarm Cut-Off (ACO).
In addition, the SM-B1 provides 4/8/16/21 LEDs and SM-B1 Plus provides E1/T1 LEDs or
E1/E3/T3 LEDs to indicate the status of channels.
The above buttons and indicators perform the tasks independent of the EM GUI or any external test
equipment.

3.2.4 Office Alarms

The SM-B1 provides four office alarms: audible major alarm (MJA), visual major alarm (MJV),
audible minor alarm (MNA), and visual minor alarm (MNV). These signals also can be wired to the
external alarms equipment. User could make a decision with the Major/Minor alarms classifications
associated of equipment or signal failure.
To prevent intermittent failures from causing unnecessary maintenance activities, a provisionable
alarm hold-off delay with default value of 2 seconds is provided. An office alarm will not be
activated, unless the duration of the condition is greater than the alarm hold-off delay. When a failure
is cleared, an alarm clear delay with default value of 5 seconds prevents premature clearing of the
alarm. As with the system indicators, when multiple alarms are active, the highest-level office alarm
(audible and visual) is activated. When the highest-level alarm is cleared, the office alarm bumps
down to the next highest-level active alarm.
The audible office alarms could be silenced through activation of the ACO button. However, visual
alarms cant be extinguished by the ACO function. If another alarm occurs while the ACO is active,
the highest-level audible alarm is activated even if the new alarm has a lower-level condition.

3.2.5 Discrete Environmental-Alarms

In here, 8 couplers are used to monitor 8 environmental conditions. User may choose 4 out of 14
definable alarms to monitor environmental conditions. The optical couplers are set to open when the
condition is normal and closed when alarm occurred.
Figure3-3 Environmental-alarms & Office-alarms

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3.2.6 Equipment error performance

The SM-B1 provide with virtually error-free (less than 1 error in 1012 bits) transmission of digital
signal through the system from El interfaces to the looped-back STM-1 optical aggregate interface
back to the El interfaces.

3.2.7 Orderwire Voice Interface (Optional)

The SM-B1 provides orderwire (OW) voice interface carried in bytes E1 and E2 in the transport
overhead.
User can use the OW channels to communicate between remote NEs in the network, or during
coordinated maintenance activities such as provisioning and testing of new services.

3.3 Administration
Administration can be divided into System Administration (including housekeeping and security) and
Memory Administration (including memory backup and restoration, data manipulation).

3.3.1 System Administration

System administration deals with functions needed for proper operations of the SM-B1 in a
telecommunication network. System administration functions include:
Housekeeping
Security
In-Service and Out-Service

3.3.1.1 Housekeeping
The housekeeping of the SM-B1 is as follows:
Set date and time

3.3.1.2 Administrative states

Administrative states can be separated to two: in-service and out-of-service. They're user
configurable. If the interface is set to in-service state, it means this interface is used and running.
Alarms and performances for the interface must be collected and monitored. If interface is set to outof-service state, it means this interface is dead. That is, alarms are not collected and performances are

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not monitored. This might happen if interface is under maintenance. For avoiding mistake, test mode
can be set for interface if its in out-of-service state.

3.3.1.3 Operation states

Operation states show the current situation for the interface. If Administrative state is in in-service
state, then operation states might in "UP" or "DOWN" state. UP state means the interface runs
correctly and DOWN state means no TSA is assigned for E1 interface or not used for optical
interface in TMx1 mode. And if administrative state is in out-of-service state, then operation states
might in "DOWN" or "TEST" state. TEST state means the interface is doing some test function, e.g.,
loopback test.

Figure3-4 Administrate & Operation State window

3.3.2 Memory Administration

Memory administration deals with the functions needed to control and administrate the SM-B1
database. Memory administration includes:
Memory backup and restoration
The data manipulation

3.3.2.1 Memory Backup and Restoration

The SM-B1 provides a local primary non-volatile memory backup on the MPU circuit pack
Restoration of data from the local backup memory, once initiated, will be completed within 1 minute.

3.3.2.2 Data Manipulation

To provide new services and equipment in the network, the SM-B1 has the capability of data
manipulation to deal with editing and retrieving data in the database including all settings and
network element configurations.

3.4 Maintenance
Maintenance is responsible for maintaining the proper functions of the NEs and the network.
Maintenance includes alarm surveillance; performance monitoring, testing capability, control features
and optical interface protection switching that are essential to the normal operations of the NEs.
The EM GUI together with the SM-B1 network management capabilities makes it easy for the user to
perform the following maintenance tasks:
The trouble detection: include LOS, LOF, LOP, LOM, SD(Signal Degraded) equipment failures,
loss of synchronization, troubles on the Automatic Protection Switch (APS) channel.
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The trouble or repair verification: verify the continued existence or nonexistence of a problem
before beginning or closing out work on that problem.
The trouble sectionalization: sectionalize the failure to one of the terminating NEs or the facility
that connects them. This process is achieved through analyzing alarms, maintenance signals (e.g.,
AIS), and PM data; testing access; and activating loopbacks.
The trouble isolation: test access, loopbacks, performance data, and diagnostics available within
the NEs are used to isolate the failures down to a replaceable circuit pack, module, or a fiber.
Restoration: by use of protection switching and traffic rerouting to allow services to be restored
even though the failure may not have been repaired.

3.4.1 Alarm Surveillance

Alarm surveillance deals with the detection and reporting of certain occurrences in the network.

3.4.1.1 Failure States

The SM-B1 can detect certain failure states relevant to the layers of functionality it provides.
(1) Incoming STM-1 signals are monitored for LOS and LOF, LOP;
(2) Incoming 2 M signals are monitored for LOS;
(3) Equipment failures
User can set the severity attributes, and retrieve this information.
Figure3-5 STM-1 Severity Attribute Setting Window

Figure3-6 E1 Severity Attribute setting Window

3.4.1.2 AIS: Alarm Indication Signaling

AIS is used in the digital network to alert downstream equipment that an upstream failure has been
detected. The SM-B1 generates and detects the following alarm indication signals (AISs):
MS (Multiplex Section) AIS
AU4 (Administration Unit) AIS
TU12 (Tributary Unit) AIS

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3.4.1.3 FERF: Far End Receive Failure

FERF signals have been used in the digital network to alert upstream terminals of a downstream
receive failure. The layered maintenance strategy incorporated in the SDH signal format expands the
applications of these signals in the network. In particular, FERF signals can be used for trouble
sectionalization. The SM-B1 provides FERF signals as follows:
MS FERF
VC4 (Virtual Container-4) FERF
VC12 FERF
FIGURE 3-7, FIGURE 3-8, and FIGURE 3-9 shown below illustrate the relationship of these AIS
and FERF maintenance signals.

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Figure3-7 Maintenance Signals at High Order Path (AU4) Termination Point (Asynchronous
Mapping for 2 Mbit/s into Floating TU12)

Figure3-8 Maintenance Signals at Low Order Path (TU12) Termination Point (Asynchronous
Mapping for 2 Mbit/s into Floating TU12)

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Figure3-9 Maintenance Signals at Low Order Path (TU12) Termination Point (Asynchronous
Mapping for 2 Mbit/s into Floating TU12) (continued)

3.4.1.4 Fault Detection, Isolation and Reporting

The SM-B1 continuously monitors its circuit pack and all incoming signals for faults.
When a fault is detected, the SM-B1 uses automatic diagnostics to isolate the fault to a particular
signal or circuit pack. Failure states that persist for the provisionable period of time (2.5+0.5
seconds) will lead to indications. The system autonomously reports all alarm and status conditions
through appropriate system and equipment indicators, office alarm relays, the fuse and alarms panel,
the local CIT, and the remote OS.
Figure3-10 Automatic Alarms Report Windows
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SM-B1

The system stores a record for all fault conditions. The user can retrieve a report of active alarm and
status conditions via the maintenance toolbar, locally at the CIT, or remotely by the OS. The report
includes the source address of the alarm as well as date and time of the alarm, whether or not the
condition is service affecting, and a short description of the condition.
The attributes of those alarms could be set and retrieved by software on demand locally at the EM
GUI or remotely by the OS through X.25.

3.4.2 Performance Monitoring(PM)

The SM-B1 provides the capability of gathering PM data to support in-service monitoring of
transmission quality. These proactive maintenance include three key steps:
Detection of transmission degradation based on regenerator section (RS), multiplex section (MS),
and path;
Derivation of useful performance parameters from the detected degradation;
Communication of these parameters to a surveillance OS or local craftsperson via two distinct
mechanisms:
Ordinary performance parameter queries made by an OS or a local craftsperson for
testing/diagnostic purpose, or to address the service quality concerns of a customer; and
Threshold-Cross-Alert (TCA) messages, bearing the exact performance parameter register
whose threshold was crossed, are used to notify a surveillance OS of a degradation.

3.4.2.1 PM Parameters
The SM-B1 provides the following performance monitoring parameters:
Regenerator Section (RS) Layer PM
The SM-B1 monitors Severely Errored Framing Second (SEFS), and provides the following storage
registers:
Current 15-minute
95 previous 15-minute
Current day
6 Previous day
and the following threshold registers:
Threshold for current 15-minute
Threshold for current day
Multiplex Section (MS) Layer PM
The SM-B1 monitors (1) Multiplexer Section Coding Violations (MSCVs); (2) Multiplexer Section

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SM-B1

Errored Seconds (MSESs); and (3) Multiplexer Section Severely Errored Seconds (MSSESs)
provides the following storage registers:
Current 15-minute
95 previous 15-minute
Current day
6 Previous day
and the following threshold registers:
Threshold for current 15-minute
Threshold for current day
VC4 Path Layer PM
SM-B1 monitors (1) VC4 Path CV (2) VC4 Path ES (3) VC4 Path SES, and provides the following
storage registers:
Current 15-minute
95 previous 15-minute
Current day
6 Previous day
and the following threshold registers:
Threshold for current 15-minute
Threshold for current day
VC12 Path Layer PM
The SM-B1 monitors (1)VC12 Path CV (2)VC12 Path ES (3)VC12 Path SESs, and provides the
following storage registers:
Current 15-minute
95 previous 15-minute
Current day
6 Previous day
and the following threshold registers:
Threshold for current 15-minute
Threshold for current day
Monitoring at 2 Mbit/s line Interfaces
The SM-B1 monitors 2 Mbit/s line interface Coding Violations(CVs), and provide the following
storage registers:
Curent 15-minute
95 previous 15-minute
Current day
6 Previous day
and the following threshold registers:
Threshold for current 15-minute
Threshold for current day

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SM-B1

3.4.2.2 PM Data Collection and Initialization

Performance parameters are accumulated for each monitored transport entity and each direction of
transmission. The SM-B1 provides the capability to retrieve the contents of any parameter storage
register at any time. The parameters are collected on a continuous basis, except during trouble or
failure conditions such as LOS, LOF, AIS, or LOP, the ability to accumulate such parameters is lost
or severely hampered. The PM accumulation during troubles is conducted according to the following
requirements:
Table3-1 SM-B1 PM Accumulation During Troubles
Pm Parameter

Troubles
LOS

LOF

MS AIS

VC4
LOP

VC4
Path
AIS

VC12
LOP

VC12
Path
AIS

RS SESs

MS CVs

MS Ess

MS SESs

VC4 Path CVs

VC4 Path Ess

VC4 Path SESs

VC12 Path CVs

VC12 Path ESs

VC12 Path SESs

Table3-2 SM-B1 2 Mbit/s PM During Troubles

Pm Parameter

Troubles
LOS

Coding Violations

Capability is provided to initialize the registers for accumulated performance automatically on 15minute and daily time boundaries. User can initialize the registers manually at any time via the GUI
or remote EM or OS.

3.4.2.3 Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCA)

The SM-B1 provides threshold registers for monitored performance parameters as described in
section 3.4.2.1, and the capability to retrieve the contents of any parameter storage register remotely
from OS or locally from COT at any time. Default values for current 15-minute and current day
threshold registers are provided in Chapter 5. These registers are provisionable remotely from OS or
locally from COT.
Figure3-11 Retrieving and Setting PM Thresholds Window (for STM1):

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FIgure3-12 Retrieving and Setting PM Thresholds Window (for E1)

The TCA will be sent to the COT and surveillance OS by use of an autonomous message when a
current 15-minute or current day register crosses the corresponding threshold value. A TCA message
precisely identifies the performance parameter register whose value has exceeded its threshold, and
the corresponding threshold value. They constitute the notification mechanism associated with
performance monitoring.
TCA is classified as a transient condition. The alert will be cleared automatically on the 15-min or
daily time boundary.

3.4.3 Testing Capability

Testing deals with procedures that result in isolation of a failure to a replaceable or repairable entity.
Testing activities includes:
Analyzing alarms, PM data, and maintenance signals
Executing diagnostics
Executing controls, such as switch to protection
Activating loopbacks
In each of these activities, operations personnel gain access through either GUI or the remote EM or
OS.
Craftsperson can use the SM-B1 internal testing capabilities for installation and manual
troubleshooting. Maintenance tools that achieve this isolation, besides those built into the SDH signal
format, are diagnostics, and loopbacks.

3.4.3.1 Self Diagnostics Capability

Diagnostics capabilities for equipment failures are provided in the SM-B1. These diagnostics occur
automatically during the circuit pack initialization or equipment turn-up before the circuit pack goes
into service, and may be run routinely or on demand.

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3.4.4 Loopback Test Capability

To support pre-service operation practices and test-related activities in some applications, SM-B1
provides a combination of loopback capabilities diagnostic and line loopbacks for STM-1, and 2M
bit/s. These capabilities can be activated locally via GUI and remotely via an EM or OS. It is
explained below:

Figure3-13 Loopback test illustrations

These loopbacks connect the signals about to be transmitted to the associated incoming receiver.
When the signal is being loopbacked, it will interrupt the flow of traffic and change the normal
transmission, the associated facility and circuit pack must be set in the maintenance state (out-ofservice).

3.4.5 Control Features

The SM-B1 provides the following control functions from either hardware push-button or EM GUI
operations:
Retrieve equipment configuration status: Equipment configuration status, including the indication
of the active hardware entities in redundant equipment and the active synchronization source, is
retrievable via the EM GUI operations.
Manual Switch the timing source: User could manual switch the timing setting of the SM-B1
system via the EM GUI operation.
Furthermore, the system may be re-initialized (reset) via hardware push-button or EM GUI
operations. The system reset could be categorized in 4 levels:
Reset Software by either push the RESET button or via EM GUI operation: A push-button is
provided on front panel to restart the system controller. An EM GUI operation for Software
reset is also provided. System restarted by pushing the push-button has the same effects as that of
a soft boot. It will not affect the provisioned data.
Reset hardware to restart system by EM GUI operation or off/on the power: In addition to reset
CPU, all hardware chips will be restarted. This operation will not affect the provisioned data that
is stored in the non-volatile memory. But the failure states, protection switching configuration,
performance parameters, and other information necessary for fault isolation will be changed to
reflect the current status.
Reset FPGA to restart system by EM GUI operation: In addition to reset hardware, this
operation will download FPGA codes again.
Reset OODB to restart system by EM GUI operation: In addition to reset hardware, this
operation hard boot, reloads the default values to the database and will affect the state of
memory and other resources.

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3.4.6 Optical Interface Manual Switch

User can locally or remotely execute/release the optical interface protection switching to the SM-B11 by EM GUI. The protection switching priority and the K1 byte are shown as the table below:
Table3-3 The protection switching priority
The switching type

K1 byte
bit
1

Auto switch: SF

Auto switch: SD

Manual switch

3.4.7 VC12 Path Protection Switching

Path protection switching at VC12 level; i.e. switching on per E1 basis, is available at all SynCom
SDH series products: SM-M1 and SM-B1. This switching mechanism is applicable at ring
application as depicted in Figure 3-13. The traffic is going at clockwise or counter-clockwise
direction at normal situation without any defect in the ring. If an optical fiber breaks or a circuit pack
failure occurs, all nodes with affected traffic will reverse the working path to recover the
transmission within 50 milli-second. This is a more economic way to achieve the network robust than
1+1 line protection switch.
Figure3-14 VC12 path protection switching ring(PPSR) traffic illustration

Note: Traffic in clockwise direction is the working one and the traffic in the counter-clockwise
direction is the protection one.

3.4.7.1 How to Enable Path Protection Switching

VC12 path protection switching mechanism can be enabled during the initiation of the time slot
assignment (TSA) by choosing the cross connect (XC) method as Dual Feed as illustrated at Figure
3-14. As the dual-feed XC method is selected for a VC12 path connection, the outgoing traffic will
be dual-fed to both optical lines and the termination node can choose either of optical lines to drop
the traffic from.

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Figure3-15 E1 XC for PPSR Support

3.4.7.2 How the Path Protection Switching is Made

The selection of a working VC12 path can be made automatically or by the user. Once the system is
powered up, system software continues monitoring all the VC12 path connections and makes
protection switching automatically if a VC12 traffic defect is detected.
A user may also manually switch the working path by selecting the drop side to East STM1 or West
STM1.The input arguments include side selection and a switch priority. Switch priorities for manual
switch include Manual and Forced. After a manual switch with priority of Manual or Forced is
invoked, the current protection switch priority will be lift up from Auto to Manual or Forced. The
protection switch, automatically or manually, may occur only if the switch priority is greater than the
current one.

3.5 Provisioning
The SM-B1 allows the user to customize many system characteristics through its provisioning
features. For example, performance-monitoring thresholds can be customized for each installation via
the EM GUI operations.

3.5.1 Default Provisioning

Installation provisioning is minimized with pre-determined default values set in the factory. Each
parameter is given a default value. The default values for software parameters are maintained in
CPU. All provisioning data are stored in non-volatile memory to prevent data loss during power
failure.

3.5.2 Local and Remote Provisioning

In the SM-B1, many provisioning parameters are software settable to allow local or remote
provisioning. This feature is provided especially for those parameters likely to change in service to
support centralized operation practices.

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Chapter 4

SM-B1

EM GUI System Introduction

4.1 Overview
This chapter will introduce the operations of EM GUI for SM-B1, including the environmental
equipment, the character, and the points for attention and how to operate the EM GUI.
SM-B1 provides the EM GUI interface with simple and easy to operate, the operator could manager
all NEs (local and remote) though the PC or CIT (Craftsperson Interface Terminal), and connect to
other network for each other by the Mediation Device.
To rely on the operation managerial system, User could easily arrive at the Operation Administration
Maintenance & Provisioning (OAM&P).

4.2 System Requirements

EM GUI network manager software should be installed in a personal computer with 32 bits operating
system on Microsoft Win95/98/NT V4.0, or higher.
Monitor: Large size monitor with high definition is recommended.
Screen: The best working mode of the screen is 1024x768 or higher.
CPU: Pentium II 400Mhz ( the same class processor included ) is recommended or higher.
Main memory: 64MB of RAM or higher.

4.3 Features
SM-B1 EM GUI has these following features:
It can manage all the NEs (local/remote) of the sub-network individually.
It has the full function in OAM&P.
It has the friendly operation way with fully graphical oriented for user.
It could be understood fully at a glance with Layer network management.
Automatic alarm reporting for centralized management.
It has changeable network topology.
It provides the saving and accessing the document of the network topology.

4.4 EM GUI Management Menu

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Figure4-1 The SM-B1 management system

Descriptions:
Title: Display the version of the EM GUI and the file name.
Main toolbar: Provide various functions, including file, mode, security, option, tools and help.
Topology edit toolbar: The nodes and lines in topology can be removed / added / deleted by this
toolbar.
Serial port window: Display the numbers and status of the linking serial ports.
Topology window: Display the network topology which is managed and monitored.
Node window: Display the front view and information of the SM-B1.
Command window: Display the response message of an action.
Autonomus alarm report toolbar: All alarm report messages will be collected, and the network
manager can retrieve the alarm messages by this toolbar.
The more detailed descriptions please refer to the EM user manual.

4.5 The Network Topology Window and the NE Information Menu

The topology window shows the topology that is managing and monitoring. User can get the
information happening to the NEs via the diagram showing on the node. (The meanings of the
diagram please refer to the EM user manual.) The network manager could move the mouse on the
specific node and right click, and the node information menu will be shown as the figure 4-2.

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Figure4-2 The NE information menu

4.5.1 System
Information: Display the information of the selected node. Some parameters in the form can be
change directly by user: TitleNSAPIP AddressRoleMode.

Figure4-3 System information Window

OODB Version : Display the OODB version of the selected node.

Figure4-4 The OODB Version Window

Pack Information: Display the Pack information of the selected node.

Figure4-5 ThePack Information Window

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Date/Time: Display and edit the system date/time.

Figure4-6 The System Date/Time Window

Laser Shutdown: Enable/disable the East/West ALS function. When administrators enable the
ALS function, there are three choices for different action when the optical alarm happened.

Figure4-7 The Select Side of ALS Window

Clock Source: Set the system-timing source. An administrator set the Switch Mode to be
Auto, and system will be according to the priority of each source to switch timing. An
administrator also can set the Switch Mode to be Force to fix one clock source. The
classification of clock source are Primary ClockSecondary ClockEast Line ClockWest
Line ClockInternal Clock and External Clock. Besides, we can retrieve the status of each timing
sourceset auto-revertive time and choose the quality of clock source in this window. About the
setting of SSM, please refer to EM-SM user manual chapter 8 " 8.3 SSM (Synchronization Status
Message) Setting Suggestion.
Figure4-8 The Clock Source Window

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Reset:

Figure4-9 The Reset submenu

- Reset: System reset.

Figure4-10 The System Reset Window

- Reset OODB: Reset Database. An administrator cant do this option unless necessary, because it
will change all the parameter to the default value and effect the system operation seriously.

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4.5.2 Communication Control

The function provides the user to set and retrieve the node status in the network.

Figure4-11 The Communication Control submenu

DCC: Retrieve the status of the node data communication channel.

Figure4-12 The DCC Window

F1 Drop Side: Retrieve/switch the F1 drop side.

Figure4-13 The F1 Drop Side Window

TCP/IP: As the figure below, user can set the IP AddressSubnet Mask and Gateway IP Address
to the node. The network manager can make communicated between machine and EM GUI via
LAN interface after setting it.

Figure4-14 The TCP/IP Window

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4.5.3 Cross Connection

Figure4-15 The NE information menu

The function allows the user to retrieve/set/delete TSA.

4.5.4 Protection

Figure4-16 The Protection submenu

The Item allows the user to setup ms-protection.

4.5.5 Alarm

Figure4-17 The alarm submenu

Retrieve Alarm: The function allows the user to view all the happening alarm of the system.
Retrieve out-of-service alarm: The function allows the user to view the happening alarm of the
paths in out-of-service status.
Retrieve alarm history: The function allows the user to view alarm history.
Reset alarm history: The function allows the user to reset alarm history.
Retrieve/Set alarm severity: The function allow the user to retrieve/set STM1/E1 alarm severity
levels including Critical, Major, Minor and Warning.
Retrieve/Set Default alarm severity: The function allows the user to retrieve STM1/E1 default
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alarm severity level.

Alarm seconds: The function provides the user to set the Time of continuous detecting alarm
happens and clears.
Env. & Ext. alarm status:
Environment/External/Office alarm.

The

function

can

retrieve/set

the

severity

of

4.5.6 PM
Figure4-18 The PM submenu

The PM function allows the user to query PM statistics, set/retrieve PM threshold, set PM Sync.
Time, etc.
Set/Retrieve PM threshold: This function allows the user to set/retrieve PM threshold values about
the selected node.
Set/Retrieve default PM fault: This function allows the user to retrieve/regain default PM
threshold values about the selected node.
Set/Retrieve SES threshold: This function provides set code violation mode or block mode.
Retrieve PM value from DB: The function provides to query PM data.
PM Sync. Time: The funciton provides to set PM synchronization time.
Set PM: The function provides the user to clean all PM record.

4.5.7 Administrate & Operation State

Administrative states can be separated to two: in-service and out-of-service. Theyre user
configurable. If the interface is set to in-service state, it means this interface is used and running.
Alarms and performances for the interface must be collected and monitored. If interface is set to
out-of-service state, it means this interface is dead. That is, alarms are not collected and
performances are not monitored. This might happen if interface is under maintenance. For
avoiding mistake, test mode can be set for interface if its in out-of-service state.
Operation states show the current situation for the interface. If administrative state is in in-service
state, then operation states might in UP or DOWN state. UP state means the interface runs
correctly and DOWN state means no TSA is assigned for E1 interface or not used for optical
interface in TMx1 mode. And if administrative state is in out-of-service state, then operation states
might in DOWN or TEST state. TEST state means the interface is doing some test function,
e.g., loopback test.

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Figure4-19 The Administration & Operation status Window

4.5.8 Download

Figure4-20 The Download submenu

Remote Download: EM provides this function to support the NEs database/code can be
backup/update.

4.5.9 Misc Tools

Figure4-21 The Misc Tools submenu

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Refresh Shelf View: This item is for user to refresh the node appearance at the left below the
Serial port Window.
Ping GNE: This item provides the user to test the network communication between GNE and NE
is successful or not. Please refer to section 6.3.1 of NMS user manual.
Make Node Connection: Re-build the new connection between the selected node and GUI.
Enable/Disable Auto Report: This option provides user to enable/disable all the alarm auto report.
Please refer to section 6.2.2 & 7.2.1.4 of NMS user manual.
Lines Info: Please refer 2-1 Main menu.Tool(1)Tablec.Line Table

4.6 Node Window

The node window displays the SM-B1 front view status. The network manager can retrieve the status
and LED indications of the STM-1 interface and the E1 interface from this window.

Figure4-22 Node Window

4.6.1 STM-1 Interface Operation

The manager can move the mouse on the West/East optical interface and left click, then the menu
below will display:

Figure4-23 Menu of STM1 Interface

The more detail descriptions please refer to the EM user manual.

4.6.2 E1 Interface Operation

The manager can move the mouse on the E1 interface and left click, then the menu below will
display:
Figure4-24 Menu of E1 interface

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4.7 Command Report Window

It displays the response message after an operation.

Figure4-25 Command report window

4.8 Automatic Alarm report Toolbar

It collects all response messages of automatic alarm according to their types to classify as traffics,
protection switch, communication, environment and FOM alarm. When a fault is detected, the
different indicator will be lit up to inform the administrator. Please refer to EM user manual for more
information.
Figure4-26 Automatic alarm report toolbar
Traffics Alarm: It displays the list of the traffic alarms which are happened. All alarms list will be
keep in files, in order to supply the user to look up.

Figure4-27 The traffic alarm window

Threshold Cross Alarm: It indicates TCA alarm status. All alarms list will be keep in files, in order
to supply the user to look up.
Figure4-28 TCA alarm window

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Protection Switch: When the manual/auto protection switch actived, the system will auto report
alarm. All alarms list will be keep in files, in order to supply the user to look up.

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Figure4-29 Protection switch alarm window

Path Switch: This form displays the records of path protection switch.

Figure4-30 Path Switch Alarm Report window

Clock Switch: This form displays the records of clock switch.

Figure4-31 Clock Switch Auto Report Window

Environment Alarm: It displays all nodes environment alarm. All alarms list will be keep in files,
in order to supply the user to look up.

Figure4-32 Environment Alarm Auto Report Window

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Chapter 5

SM-B1

Installation Guide

5.1 Overview
This chapter provides the guideline to the installation procedure for a simple end-endnetwork
configuration. Since the installation on the COT side and the RT side are quite similar, the procedure
is valid for COT and RT.

5.2 General Installation

5.2.1 Environment Check and Preparation
5.2.1.1 Required Power Supply
The central office or the cabinet that houses the SM-B1 should provide the nominal 48Vdc (the rang
is from -36Vdc to -63Vdc) or the 220 Vac (the rang is from 230Vac to 110Vac). If the power
protection is desired, both AC and DC should be connected. (Refer to 2.3.1 power Protection).

5.2.1.2 Power-on Procedure

The next procedures must be followed and performed in using power.
(1) Make sure our system is powered off.
(2) Connect a) -48V; b) ground for the -48V; c) frame ground to our system
(3) Measure -48V power to make sure that it is correct and no short circuit between the -48V and the
frame ground.
(4) Turn on the power switch on our system

5.2.2 E1/T1 Port Connection

Low speed E1/T1 interfaces (h1 or h2 in FIGURE 5-1 on Page 1) are provided through the DB-37
connectors. Additional adapter will be necessary to adapt the DB-37 interfaces into the interfaces of
the user specification. The Pin assignments of the DB-37 are detailed as following:
Figure5-1 The pin assignments of E1 port
19

37

20

CH1
CH9
CH17

CH2
CH10
CH18

CH3
CH11
CH19

CH4
CH12
CH20

E1 output pin
E1 input pin
Unused pin

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CH5
CH13
CH21

CH6
CH14

CH7
CH15

CH8
CH16

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Figure5-2 The pin assignments of T1 port

5.2.3 Operations Interface Installation

5.2.3.1 Craft Interface Device (CID) Installation
Connect a personal computer or notebook PC to the CID port at the backside of the SM-B1.

Figure5-3 CID interface pin assignment

5.2.4 Environmental Alarms Monitors and External Controls Installation

Four environmental alarm monitor inputs and four external control outputs are provided on the
backside of the SM-B1. For detailed specifications and requirements, please refer to 3.2.4 Office
Alarms and 3.2.5 Discrete Environmental-Alarms.

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Figure5-4 ENV alarms and EXT CNTL interface pin assignments

5.2.5 External Timing I/O and User Byte I/O

The SM-B1 provides two kinds of clock input that are 2M Square Wave and 2M Unframed signal.
And SM-B1 provides the system clock output. The F1 byte serial output and input are provided on
the same DB-9 connector.

Figure 5-5 External Timing I/O and User Byte I/O

5.2.6 Fiber connection between COT and RT

Step1: power-on COT and RT side SM-B1.
Step2: Connect the COT's optical transmitter of the east-side (EAST - TX) on the front panel to the
RT's receiver of the east-side (EAST - RX) with the single-mode fiber (SMF).
Step3: Connect the RT's optical transmitter of the east-side (EAST - TX) on the front panel to the
COT's receiver of the east-side (EAST - RX) with the single-mode fiber (SMF).

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Figure5-6 A simple network topology

5.2.6.1 Optical Fiber Housing

Carefully place the long-winded fibre above the shelf mezzanine. Please DO NOT bend the fibre into
a circle with a diameter smaller than 6cm.

5.3 The Basic Parameter Setting for SM-B1 by EM GUI

Here describe the simple steps of EM GUI required for installation of an end-to-end application.

5.3.1 GUI serial port connection

Please connect the GUI port on the SM-B1 and a PC serial port with a RS232 cable. The EM GUI
running on the PC host will be using this RS232 connection to communicate with the SM-B1 and,
therefore, with any SM-B1 on the network.

5.3.1.1 Serial Communication Port Set-up

Double click the site icon in WIN95/98.
After the EM screen shown, Select the serial port according to the users PC configuration. Other
setting should be entered according to the selection shown below.

Figure5-6 Serial port setup

5.3.1.2 Login EM(GUI)

After choosing the serial port, a Login window will pop-up automatically.
Import the user name and the password in order to login the EM.

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Figure5-7 Login window

5.3.2 More Operations of the EM GUI

The more exhaustive statements please refer to the EM user manual.

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