7/16/2014

General Awareness - Basic, Applied, General Chemistry Notes - Part 1 | TNPSC Question Papers

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GENERAL AWARENESS - BASIC, APPLIED, GENERAL CHEMISTRY NOTES

- PART 1
Chemistry

Basic Chemistry - General Chemistry - Applied Chemistry Notes for all

Competitive Exams - Part I
The purest form of carbon is Diamond.
A Mixture of water and alcohol can be separated by distillation.
Radiocarbon Dating, widely employed to determine the age of objects of animal
of vegetable origin involves the radioisotope carbon 14.
The use of ozone kills Micro-organisms in water.
Electrons in motion behave as if they were waves.
Sodium is soluble in benzene and ether.
Sun's material is of H2 and He 90%.
From liquid air oxygen is prepared by Clud's process.
Ozone gas turns silver into black.
Graphite and heavy water can be used as a moderator in atomic reactors.
Citric acid makes a lemon sour in taste.
A catalyst decreases the activation energy and alter the rate Mechanism.
Fluming sulphuric acid is called oleum.
The atoms of metals tend to lose electrons.
Pure water contains O2 up to the level of 89%.
Water boils at 100oCunder a pressure of 760mm of Hg.
Two solutions are said to be isotonic when they have the same somatic
pressure.
The element which forms the largest number of compounds with hydrogen is
carbon.
Gypsum is added to cement clinker to decrease the rate of setting of cement.
The industrial preparation of metal aluminium from bauxite involves the process
of electrolysis.
Molecular weight of the gas is equal to 2 X vapour density.
Phosphorus is kept under water to save it from catching fire when exposed to
dry air.
During the burning of fuel carbon and hydrogen present in fuels are converted
into CO2 and H20 vapor.
Helium is preferred to hydrogen in air balloons because it does not form an
explosive mixture with air.
The pure crystalline form of Silica used in scientific apparatus for passing UVlight is called quartz glass.
Wood charcoal is obtained by burning wood out of contact with air.
Steel contains 0.1-2% of carbon.
The solubility of gases in liquids increases with increases of pressure.
A transuranic element is one which has a higher atomic number than Uranium
and is thus radioactive in nature.
The atomicity of an atom is the number of atoms in one molecule of it.
Highly electropositive metals are extracted by electrolytic reduction.
Soda water is the solution of CO gas in water.
Uranium is naturally occurring radioactive element which emits a-particles and is
converted into thorium.
Nitrogen fertilizer having maximum amount of Nitrogen is urea.
Water is called 'the Standard Solvent'
The phenomenon of diffusion is utilized in uranium enrichment and perfume spraying.
The chief chemical component of pearls is calcium carbonate.
Any gas contains zero volume at 273C temperature.
Absolute zero is the hypothetical temperature at which in gaseous state the
molecular motion causes and the volume of the gas becomes zero.
Nucleus is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons present in the
nucleus of the atom.
The percentage of lime in cement is 50.
Rain water helps to increase the Calcium content to some extent.
Liquid sodium is used as a coolant in Nuclear reactors.
Radioactivity happens only in heavier elements because only heavy nuclei will be

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7/16/2014

General Awareness - Basic, Applied, General Chemistry Notes - Part 1 | TNPSC Question Papers
unstable.
The chemical name for marble is calcium carbonate.
The minimum possible temperature beyond which matter cannot be cooled
that IS-273.lSC.
Atomic hydrogen has a life period of fraction of sound.
The melting point of ice decreases by increasing pressure.
If gas is expanded at constant temperature the pressure decreases but the
kinetic energy of the molecules remains the same.
Sulphur compounds are the most harmful pollutant for archaeological artifacts.
The scattering of light in colloidal solution is called Tyndale effect.
Lt. is difficult to measure the pollutant carbon monoxide (CO) in the atmosphere
(as it's colourless, odourless and almost of the same density as air.
The resistance of any pure metal increases with increases in temperature.
In the process of radioactivity V-rays are emitted from the nuclei.
Real gases obey Vander Waal's law.
A gas has property of indefinite expansion and neither a fixed volume nor a fixed
shape.
No dew is formed. When it is a cloudily conditions.
The main constituents of table salt are sodium and chlorine.
Carbon atoms are arranged in a tetrahedral configuration in Diamond.
Dew formation increases: When the relative humidity of air is high.
A gas is most soluble in a liquid at low temperature and high pressure.
Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic, but not a natural one.
As excited hydrogen atoms return to the ground sate they emit protons.
Atoms are composed of electrons and nuclei (i.e.) protons and Neutrons.
Zinc and copper make the terminals of the torch cell.
Cobalt is useful in making rust-resistant alloys.
Chlorine is used to kill germs in an Indoor swimming pool.
In cold countries, alcohol is preferred to mercury as a thermometer liquid
because alcohol has a very low freezing point
U-233 is derived from thorium.
Gasohol is a combination of gasoline and ethyl alcohol.
A petrol fire can be best extinguished by using water and halogenated hydro
carbons.
When a radioactive element emits a -particle.
Its atomic number is reduced by 2 and its atomic Mass by 4. But, when particles is lost it goes one place ahead in the periodic Table.
If the pH-value of a given solution is made to decrease its acidity will increase.
Water boils below 100C at higher altitudes because atmospheric pressure is
low there.
The electronegativity of elements decrease while going down is a group in the
Periodic Table.
Sodium would burn when put into water.
Calcium is extracted from electrolysis.
Cathode rays are deflected by electric and magnetic field.
Radio-isotopes of short half-lives produce very high level of radiation in a short
period.
Hydrogen cannot be used as an automobile fuel because of its highly explosive
nature.
U-235 is the chief fuel used in nuclear reactors (only 0.7%) but the bulk of the
natural Uranium is U-238.
The volume of a gas increases with increase in temperature. Keeping pressure
constants.
The coolant used in fast breeder reactors is generally liquid sodium.
Carbon is present in all common fuels.
Bordeaux mixture is used as a fungicide.
Gases mix by the process of diffusion.
Metals are better conductors of heat because of ionic bonding.
The element common in glass cement and quartz is silicon.
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