Original Research
ABSTRACT:
2. Centre National de
Recherche Agronomique,
Station de recherche Marc
Delorme, 07 BP 13 Abidjan
07, Cte d'Ivoire.
Keywords:
Hybrid coconut MYD x VTT, tolerant, productivity.
3. Laboratoire de biochimie
et science des aliments,
Universit Flix Houphouet
Boigny, Abidjan, Cte
dIvoire, 22 BP 582
Abidjan 22.
Corresponding author:
Koffi Eric Blanchard
Zadjhi.
Email Id:
Web Address:
http://jresearchbiology.com/
documents/RA0448.pdf
Abbreviations:
Nbb: Number of bunches per year, NBFR: Number of fruits per year, Cop/
tree / year: copra produced per tree per year, Cop / hectare / year: copra produced per
hectare per year., MYD: Malayan Yellow Dwarf, VTT: Vanuatu Tall, WAT: West
African Tall MYD x VTT : Malayan Yellow Dwarf cross Vanuatu Tall, MYD
x WAT+ : Malayan Yellow Dwarf cross improved West African Tall, Bunch.
Article Citation:
Zadjhi Eric-Blanchard KOFFI, Jean Louis Konan KONAN, Raoul Sylvre SIE, DidierMartial Saraka YAO, Yobou KOFFI, Ysidor Nguessan KONAN, Emmanuel Auguste
ISSALI, Thierry Lkadou Tacra, et Kouassi ALLOU.
Assessment of the agronomic performance of Malayan Yellow Dwarf Vanuatu Tall
coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) hybrid variety tolerant to lethal yellowing disease of Ghana
in Cte dIvoire.
Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(6): 1427-1440
Dates:
Received: 14 Mar 2014
www.jresearchbiology.com
INTRODUCTION
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is the most widely
and Assa et al., 2006) and its culture has more than
Chipungahelo,
Rainfall
2007)
including
Jamaica,
Mexico,
is
characterized
by
an
average
annual
planted in 1998.
Experimental design
1428
Bloc 3
Bloc 1
20
21
15
19
14
13
18
12
11
17
10
16
16
19
18
17
20
14
15
10
10
10
14
18
19
12
20
16
11
18
10
19
10
20
13
16
14
16
15
19
11
13
19
18
10
10
20
18
16
19
14
20
10
19
20
10
16
17
18
10
10
12
16
15
19
10
11
16
18
15
14
15
14
11
15
17
15
12
16
20
14
11
11
16
19
18
14
20
18
16
15
15
17
15
13
15
15
14
16
16
18
11
16
17
19
20
19
11
17
14
16
20
12
10
19
10
10
16
10
17
10
10
18
13
10
18
20
20
15
20
11
19
16
19
10
19
14
12
14
12
19
10
17
13
12
19
20
13
14
12
13
20
17
12
20
20
20
15
20
18
10
20
10
16
14
10
16
20
14
19
11
13
16
11
20
19
15
14
19
10
18
11
16
20
18
12
10
16
17
20
16
17
10
10
11
16
19
17
12
11
20
17
13
10
16
10
20
19
15
15
14
19
20
18
14
15
20
20
16
18
20
10
15
11
16
13
15
19
15
11
18
12
14
19
13
11
18
20
20
17
20
17
11
18
20
20
10
20
14
17
19
21
18
19
12
18
16
13
10
11
14
11
11
18
13
22
16
15
10
20
14
17
15
14
17
16
10
10
19
23
16
19
14
19
16
10
14
16
16
16
24
10
19
16
15
12
10
13
17
15
25
26
Bloc 4
Bloc 2
1429
1430
32
20
31
17
16
16
10
19
30
19
10
10
20
12
28
29
27
25
24
26
23
14
17
10
15
20
18
16
10
19
15
19
14
16
15
20
19
20
19
16
11
20
13
12
19
15
18
14
18
14
10
14
16
19
20
12
20
16
18
19
15
15
11
10
13
17
18
14
10
11
20
19
16
19
16
13
10
19
18
16
11
12
20
10
12
15
19
17
13
19
17
15
18
20
19
20
19
10
19
14
18
17
15
19
16
17
14
19
13
20
16
15
14
14
10
15
20
18
10
10
11
10
16
11
14
12
19
Figure 1: Experimental setup of the test PBGC 43 coconut Marc Delorme, Abidjan, Cte d'Ivoire.
13
20
11
10
20
20
20
16
20
16
19
10
10
19
20
20
19
11
19
20
18
Bloc 6
NB: The numbers 1 to 18 correspond to the 18 progenies NJM x GVT. Numbers 19 and 20 are respectively hybrid NJM x GOA improved and unimproved. The
NJM x GOA improved or PB121 + is derived from a cross between the female parent NJM and improved GOA (GOA male parent + ). At the NJM x GOA
unimproved or PB121 the male parent GOA is not improved.
Bloc 5
22
h2 = 2b = 2x
Cov (Pi, D)
Var Pi
Var = variance.
et al., 2005a).
RESULTS
METHODS
progenies
2.05 kg) and copra per hectare (2.01 0.33t). For the
tree / year 3.17 0.42t copra per hectare per year. These
into two groups. Firstly whose values are greater than the
d2, d3, d4, d7, d9, d10, d13, d14, d16, d17.
yields per tree and per hectare per year are respectively
1431
Nbb/year
NbFr/year
Cop/arbre/year (kg)
9 1.25
10 0.78
10 0.89
10 0.57
11 0.68
10 0.65
10 0.98
11 1.35
9 1.24
10 0.73
11 0.86
11 1.11
10 1.06
10 1.25
11 0.66
10 0.76
10 0.71
11 1.10
10 1.00
083 13cd
100 14abcd
090 15bcd
101 11abcd
114 17ab
108 09abc
112 24ab
111 18abc
076 12d
104 10abc
121 16a
118 19ab
106 15abc
097 25abcd
113 16ab
101 18abcd
101 14abcd
116 21ab
104 18...
13.24 2.05 cd
16.31 2.31 abcd
15.45 2.54 abcd
15.61 1.77 abcd
17.90 2.68 ab.
17.64 1.53 abc..
17.21 3.72 abc..
18.42 2.92 ab
12.54 2.05 d..
16.73 2.00abcd...
19.82 2.62a.
17.49 2.75abc
17.43 2.50abc
15.12 3.84bcd
18.94 2.74ab
14.70 2.60bcd
16.12 2.19abcd
16.55 2.96abcd
16.51 2.91
Cop/hectare/year (t)
2.12 0.33cd
2.61 0.37abcd
2.47 0.41abcd
2.50 0.28abcd
2.86 0.43ab
2.82 0.24abc
2.75 0.60abc
2.95 0.47ab
2.01 0.33d
2.68 0.26abcd
3.17 0.42a
2.80 0.44abc
2.79 0.40abc
2.42 0.61bcd
3.03 0.44ab
2.35 0.42bcd
2.58 0.35abcd
2.65 0.47abcd
2.64 0.47...
Nbb/year= Number of bunches per year, NbFr/year= Number of fruits per year, Cop/arbre/year= Copra product
per tree per year, Cop/hectare/year= Copra product per hectare per year
statistically identical to the 18 MYD x VTT progenies
producers are G1, G4, G6, G7, G12, G15 and G16.
per year and the weight of copra per hectare per year
VTT parents (Figure-2). Progenies d2, d3, d5, d9, d10, d11,
d13, d17, d18 respectively produce 100, 90, 114, 76, 104,
121, 106, 101 and 116 fruits per year. These values are
that produce 85, 29, 78, 63 73, 60, 67, 72 and 85 fruits
more of copra per tree per hectare in the year than their
(Figure-4).
and 11.62 kg of copra per tree per year and 1.66 t copra
1432
Variables
Nbb
NbFr
MYD x VTT
hybrides
Control
Variables
MYD x VTT
hybrides
Control
d1
0.98
d1
0.88
d2
1.00
d2
1.00
d3
1.00
d3
1.00
d4
1.00
d4
1.00
d5
1.00
d5
0.88
d6
1.00
d6
0.94
d7
1.00
d7
0.99
d8
0.90
d8
0.68
d9
d10
0.73
1.00
Crop/tree/year
(kg)
d9
d10
0.61
1.00
d11
0.99
d11
0.20
d12
0.98
d12
0.97
d13
1.00
d13
0.98
d14
1.00
d14
1.00
d15
0.99
d15
0.47
d16
d17
d18
1.00
1.00
0.96
d16
d17
d18
1.00
1.00
1.00
d1
0.99
d1
0.88
d2
1.00
d2
1.00
d3
1.00
d3
1.00
d4
1.00
d4
1.00
d5
0.56
d5
0.88
d6
0.91
d6
0.94
d7
0.71
d7
0.99
d8
0.76
d8
0.68
d9
d10
0.69
0.99
Crop/hectare/
year (t)
d9
d10
0.61
1.00
d11
0.18
d11
0.20
d12
0.33
d12
0.97
d13
0.97
d13
0.98
d14
d15
d16
1.00
0.62
1.00
d14
d15
d16
1.00
0.47
1.00
d17
1.00
d17
1.00
d18
0.40
d18
1.00
Nbb/year= Number of bunches per year, NbFr/year= Number of fruits per year, Cop/tree/year= Copra product per
tree per year, Cop/hectare/year= Copra product per hectare per year
1433
Nbb / year
NbFr/year
Cop/tree/year (Kg)
Cop/hectare/year (t)
13 1 a
145 44a.
22.20 6.77a
3.18 0.97a
G1
G2
11 2 ab
085 36abc
06.76 2.88cde
0.97 0.41cde
G3
08 1 b
029 20c.
04.53 3.20e.
0.65 0.46e.
G4
11 3 ab
114 62ab
20.01 10.98ab
2.86 1.57ab
G5
11 2 ab
078 43abc
06.37 3.49cde
0.91 0.50cde
G6
12 4ab
116 56ab
14.72 7.11abcd
2.10 1.02abcd
G7
12 3ab
128 61ab
13.14 6.32bcde
1.88 0.90bcde
G8
11 3ab
096 44abc
15.66 7.25abcd
2.24 1.04abcd
G9
10 2ab
063 25bc
06.81 2.72cde
0.97 0.39cde
G10
10 2ab
073 33abc
09.16 4.16cde
1.31 0.60cde
G11
09 3ab
060 36bc
05.98 3.55de
0.86 0.51de
G12
12 3ab
121 51ab
12.80 5.39bcde
1.83 0.77bcde
G13
10 2ab
067 31abc
08.59 3.97cde
1.23 0.57cde
G14
12 3ab
105 71abc
10.58 7.14cde
1.51 1.02cde
G15
14 3a
146 64a
16.08 7.00abc
2.30 1.00abc
G16
13 2a
132 35ab
15.97 4.29abc
2.28 0.61abc
G17
11 2ab
072 18abc
06.36 1.64cde
0.91 0.23cde
G18
11 3ab
085 47abc
11.44 6.28bcde
1.64 0.90bcde
Average
11 3..
096 53..
11.62 7.34
1.66 1.05.
Nbb/year= Number of bunches per year, NbFr/year= Number of fruits per year, Cop/arbre/year= Copra
product per tree per year, Cop/hectare/year= Copra product per hectare per year
The heterosis effect is almost non-existent for
when the two ecotypes crossed did not have the same
that the progenies d5, d6, d8, d11, d12, d15 and d18 give the
best results for the number of fruit per year and the
DISCUSSION
such as G5, G8, G11 and G18 that give the progenies d5, d8,
1434
Number of Bunches
Number of bunches
12
10
14
a a
a
dx
Gx
8
6
4
2
0
d1d1G1
G1 d2d2G2
G2 d3d3G3
G3 d4d4G4
G4 d5d5G5
G5 d6d6G6
G6 d7d7G7
G7 d8d8G8
G8 d9d9G9
G9 d10d10G10
G10 d11d11G11
G11 d12
G12 dd13G13
G14 d15d15G15
G15 d16
G16 d17
G17 d18
G18
d12G12
d14G14
d16G16
d17G17
d18G18
13G13 d14
Figure 2: Comparison of the number of bunches produced by year of MYD x VTT hybrids with their
males parents VTT (Student's t test at 5%).
give the best progenies with good yield would combine
Number of fruits
Number of fruits
G16 that have the best yield give progenies with low
180
160
140
120
100
a
a
a
a
b
b
b
b
80
dx
Gx
60
40
20
0
10G10
10 dd11G11
11G11
11 dd12G12
12G122 d
13G13
13 d
14G14
14 dd15G15
15 G15
15 dd16G16
16 G16
16 d
17 G17
17 d
18G18
18
dd1G1
dd2G2
dd3G3
dd5G5
dd6G6
dd8G8
d10G10
d13G13
d14G14
d17G17
d18G18
11G11
22G22
33G33 dd4G4
44G44
55G55
66G66 dd7G7
77G77
88G88 dd9G9
99G99 d10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Figure 3: Comparison of the number of fruits produced per year by MYD x VTT hybrids with their males
parents VTT (Student's t test at 5%).
Journal of Research in Biology (2014) 4(6): 1427-1440
1435
(T) (kg)
Copra/hectare/yearCopra/tree/year
25
a
a
20
15
b
a
b
b
10
dx
Gx
b
5
0
d1d1G1
G1 dd2G2
dd3G3
dd5G5
dd6G6
dd8G8
d12G12d13G13
d13G13d14G14
d14G14d15G15
d15 G15d16G16
d16 G16d17G17
d17 G17d18G18
d18G18
d11G11
2G2
3G3 dd4G4
4G4
5G5
6G6 dd7G7
7G7
8G8 dd9G9
9G9 dd10G10
10G10 d
11G11 d12G12
Figure 4: Comparison of copra weight product per trees per year of coconut MYD x VTT hybrids with
their males parents VTT (Student's t test at 5%).
of production to its progeny. Crossings between VTT
coconut
Copra/hectare/year
(T)
Copra/hectare/year
(T)
influenced
to
the
variations of the
3,5
3
2,5
is
1,5
a a
dx
b
Gx
b
b
0,5
0
dd1G1
1G1
d11G11
d12G12
d15G15
d16G16
d17G17
d18G18
dd2G2
dd3G3
dd5G5
dd6G6
dd8G8
G9 d10d10G10
G10 d11
G11 d12
G12 dd13G13
G15 d16
G16 d17
G17 d18
G18
2G2
3G3 dd4G4
4G4
5G5
6G6 dd7G7
7G7
8G8 d9d9G9
13G13 dd14G14
14G14 d15
Figure 5: Comparison of the production of copra per hectare per year of progenies coconut MYD x VTT
and their spawning males VTT (Student's t test at 5%).
1436
Bunches/year
Fruits/year
Copra/tree/year
Copra/hectare/year
G1d1
-27.19
-42.46
-40.36
-33.27
G2d2
-05.46
17.97
141.27
169.94
G3d3
25.61
214.66
241.04
281.60
G4d4
-10.80
-10.95
-22.00
-12.73
G5d5
-01.82
45.55
181.17
214.62
G6d6
-13.05
-06.62
19.85
34.10
G7d7
-16.21
-12.80
31.00
46.57
G8d8
0.41
15.43
17.61
31.59
G9d9
-10.40
21.41
84.11
106.01
G10d10
-02.27
41.81
82.69
104.41
G11d11
24.01
100.97
231.24
270.62
G12d12
-07.07
-02.30
36.67
52.91
G13d13
3.43
58.40
102.85
126.96
G14d14
-11.99
-07.74
42.95
59.94
G15d15
-21.46
-22.81
17.84
31.85
G16d16
-24.92
-23.48
-07.96
02.98
G17d17
-03.14
40.70
153.59
183.72
G18d18
-02.82
36.55
44.69
61.90
On the average
-09.00
08.33
42.08
50.04
year.
Hritabilits (%)
Rgime
Fruit
10
Cop/arbre
10
the one of the control PB121+. The progenies d5, d6, d8,
d11, d12, d15 and d18 had the best yields. The parents VTT
by hectare. The parents G1, G4, G6, G7, G12, G15 and G16
this
of
G12 and G15 who give the best yields and provide better
d'Ivoire.
country.
Otherwise
the
devastation
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superdominance
of
the
genes
implied
in
the
between
two
complementary
genes
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de
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