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  • Quiz1 Cheat Sheet

    Diunggah oleh

    ivvoryt
    131 tayangan3 halaman
    This document provides summaries of various computer science concepts in 3 sentences or less: Valgrind is used to detect memory leaks from forgetting to close and free resources. A hashtable has a hash function that maps values to an array, where each index may be a linked list. A tree has nodes that point to children or null, and nodes can only point to those listed in rule 1, not including itself.

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    Quiz 1 cs50 cheat sheet

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    This document provides summaries of various computer science concepts in 3 sentences or less: Valgrind is used to detect memory leaks from forgetting to close and free resources. A hashtable has a hash function that maps values to an array, where each index may be a linked list. A tree has nodes that point to children or null, and nodes can only point to those listed in rule 1, not including itself.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    131 tayangan3 halaman

    Quiz1 Cheat Sheet

    Diunggah oleh

    ivvoryt
    This document provides summaries of various computer science concepts in 3 sentences or less: Valgrind is used to detect memory leaks from forgetting to close and free resources. A hashtable has a hash function that maps values to an array, where each index may be a linked list. A tree has nodes that point to children or null, and nodes can only point to those listed in rule 1, not including itself.

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai DOCX, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 3

    Quiz 1 cheat sheet

    Modified from Alex Chang 10


    Valgrind used for detecting memory leaks from forgetting to fclose() and free()
    - syntax: valgrind v --leakcheck=full <executable file>
    Hashtable - has 2 main parts: (1) a hash function, and (2) an array the hash function maps to. Often times, each index of the array will be a linked
    list to store the values that are hashed to a specific index. Struct of a hashtable node is below at left:
    node* hashtable[HASHTABLE_SIZE];
    typedef struct node {
    char word[50]; // 50-char word
    struct node *next;
    } node;

    typedef struct tree {


    bool valid; // exists or not
    struct tree *child1; // could be left side
    struct tree *child2; // could be right side
    } tree;

    Tree - a data structure made up of nodes that have the following 2 rules: (1) A tree node can point at its children or at
    NULL, and (2) A tree node may not point at any other node other than those listed in (1), including itself. Struct of a 3child tree is above right. In the diagram, black (top) is the root node and grey (point to NULL) are leave nodes. A binary
    tree is a special kind of tree that has 2 children left and right.
    Trie Just like tree but can have arbitrary number of children. Below are examples of binary trie and 6-child trie.
    typedef struct trie {
    typedef struct btrie {
    bool valid;
    bool valid;
    struct trie*children[26];
    struct btrie *children[2];
    } trie;
    } btrie
    LANGUAGE
    TYPE
    VARIABLE
    EXECUTION
    SOURCE CODE
    C
    Compiled
    Strictly typed
    N/A
    N/A
    language
    HTML
    Markup
    N/A
    N/A
    Available
    Language,
    connectionless
    protocol
    PHP
    Interpreted
    Loosely typed
    Server side
    Not available
    language
    JAVASCRIPT
    Interpreted
    Loosely typed
    Client side
    Available
    language

    ERROR
    Wont compile
    Ignores error

    Error message
    Fail gracefully

    IP address unique to every computer to identify it on the internet. It sends data in the form of IP packets. in the form #.#.#.#, where each # is a
    number within 0-255 for a total of ~4 billion IP addresses.
    TCP keeps track of the data between points A and B and tell computer to resend data if packets get lost or corrupted.
    Table:
    Form:
    <table>
    <tr> <td>(0,0)</td> <td>(0,1)</td> </tr>
    <tr> <td>(1,0)</td> <td>(1,1)</td> </tr>
    </table>

    <form action="login2.php" method="post">


    Username: <input type="text" name="u-name" /><br/>
    PW: <input type="password" name="p-word" /><br/>
    <input type="submit" value="Log me in!/>
    </form>

    Port Number: HTTP = 80. SSH = 22.


    form action = page youre directing to. input type password: show *s on screen. input type text: show text. input type submit = click button.
    action GET = passing variables in URL (ex. Search, etc.). On next page, use $_GET[<name>] to get the value.
    action POST = passing hidden variables (ex. Password). On next page, use $_POST[<name>] to get the value.
    $_SESSION[name] is used to store global variables.
    chmod: giving permission to read/write/execute files and directories. rwxrwxrwx, in the order of user/group/world.
    600 for php, 711/755 for directories, 644 for all others.

    SQL:

    SELECT
    INSERT
    UPDATE
    DELETE

    Class FROM StudentTable WHERE Class=Freshman;


    INTO StudentTable(Class, Class_size) VALUES('Super Senior', 202);
    Students SET Class_size='1600' WHERE Class='Freshman';
    FROM Students WHERE Class='Senior';

    Javascript:
    - Variables declared by: var one_to_four_array = [ 1, 2, three, 4.00 ]; // diff. type is

    allowed
    - Concatenating variables with +: var phrase = into one; var sentence = 3 + words joined together +
    phrase;
    - In JavaScript, "1" == 1 evaluates to be true (loosely typed). To compare the value AND the type, "1" === 1 evaluates to false.
    - typeof: document.write(typeof dogName); will write string to the page. None existing type will print undefined.
    - Embedding javaScript in body:
    <form action=onclick=lookup()>

    </form>
    - Linking External JavaScript in head:
    <head>
    <script src = file.js></script>
    </head>
    - Some examples of event handlers in JavaScript: onClick, onLoad,
    onFocus, onMouseOver, onMouseOut.
    - To include JavaScript in the body, you need the following tag:
    <script type="text/javascript">
    </script>
    - for-in syntax in JavaScript:
    String weekdays = {Sunday, ...,Saturday};
    for(int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
    {
    printf(today is %s, weekdays[i]);
    }

    Document Object Model (DOM) - storing contents of a webpage as


    a structure called DOM and then access individual elements by
    their ID to get their contents (see right).

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