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    In this lesson you learned how to use exponential growth models, exponential decay models, Gaussian models, logistic growth models, and logarithmic models to solve real-life problems.

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    In this lesson you learned how to use exponential growth models, exponential decay models, Gaussian models, logistic growth models, and logarithmic models to solve real-life problems.

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    131 tayangan4 halaman

    3 5

    Diunggah oleh

    sarasmile2009
    In this lesson you learned how to use exponential growth models, exponential decay models, Gaussian models, logistic growth models, and logarithmic models to solve real-life problems.

    Hak Cipta:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 4

    Section 3.

    5 • Exponential and Logarithmic Models 69


    Name______________________________________________
    Section 3.5 Exponential and Logarithmic Models

    Objective: In this lesson you learned how to use exponential growth


    models, exponential decay models, Gaussian models, logistic
    growth models, and logarithmic models to solve real-life
    problems.

    Important Vocabulary Define each term or concept.

    Bell-shaped curve The graph of a Gaussian model.

    Logistic curve A model for describing populations initially having rapid growth
    followed by a declining rate of growth.
    Sigmoidal curve Another name for a logistic growth curve.

    I. Introduction (Page 257) What you should learn


    How to recognize the five
    The exponential growth model is y = aebx, b > 0 . most common types of
    models involving
    exponential and
    The exponential decay model is y = ae–bx, b > 0 . logarithmic functions

    2
    The Gaussian model is y = ae−(x−b) /c
    .

    The logistic growth model is y = a/(1 + be−rx) .

    Logarithmic models are y = a + b ln x and

    y = a + b log10 x .

    II. Exponential Growth and Decay (Pages 258−260)


    What you should learn
    Example 1: Suppose a population is growing according to the How to use exponential
    growth and decay
    model P = 800e 0.05t , where t is given in years. functions to model and
    (a) What is the initial size of the population? solve real-life problems
    (b) How long will it take this population to
    double?
    (a) 800 (b) 13.86 years

    Larson/Hostetler Precalculus/Precalculus with Limits Notetaking Guide IAE


    Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
    70 Chapter 3 • Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

    To estimate the age of dead organic matter, scientists use the


    carbon dating model R = 1/1012 e−t/8223 , which
    denotes the ratio R of carbon 14 to carbon 12 present at any time
    t (in years).

    Example 2: The ratio of carbon 14 to carbon 12 in a fossil is


    R = 10−16. Find the age of the fossil.
    Approximately 75,737 years old

    III. Gaussian Models (Page 261) What you should learn


    How to use Gaussian
    The Gaussian model is commonly used in probability and functions to model and
    statistics to represent populations that are normally solve real-life problems
    distributed .

    For a Gaussian model, the average value for a population can be


    found . . . from the bell-shaped curve by observing where
    the maximum y-value of the function occurs. The x-value
    corresponding to the maximum y-value of the function represents
    the average value of the independent variable.

    Example 3: Draw the basic form of the graph of a Gaussian


    model.
    y

    Larson/Hostetler Precalculus/Precalculus with Limits Notetaking Guide IAE


    Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
    Section 3.5 • Exponential and Logarithmic Models 71
    Name______________________________________________
    IV. Logistic Growth Models (Page 262) What you should learn
    How to use logistic
    Give an example of a real-life situation that is modeled by a growth functions to
    logistic growth model. model and solve real-life
    problems
    Answers will vary. One possibility is a bacteria culture that is
    initially allowed to grow under ideal conditions, and then under
    less favorable conditions that inhibit growth.

    Example 4: Draw the basic form of the graph of a logistic


    growth model.
    y

    V. Logarithmic Models (Page 263) What you should learn


    How to use logarithmic
    Example 5: The number of kitchen widgets y (in millions) functions to model and
    demanded each year is given by the model solve real-life problems
    y = 2 + 3 ln( x + 1) , where x = 0 represents the year
    2000 and x ≥ 0. Find the year in which the number
    of kitchen widgets demanded will be 8.6 million.
    In 2008

    Larson/Hostetler Precalculus/Precalculus with Limits Notetaking Guide IAE


    Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
    72 Chapter 3 • Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

    Additional notes

    y y y

    x x x

    Homework Assignment

    Page(s)

    Exercises

    Larson/Hostetler Precalculus/Precalculus with Limits Notetaking Guide IAE


    Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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