1

CHAPTER 1

1.1

Introduction

To meet the goals of this course, Green Building Technology, we were

given a project to be carried out in groups. We are required to provide
a plan for the green technology construction of two storey bungalow
house. The floor area fir this plan is estimated to be approximately
3500 square feet, located on the campus of the Universiti Tun Hussein
Onn Malaysia. The design of this construction project involving all the
courses we have learned from the first semester until now.
As we know, buildings have extensive direct and indirect impacts on
the environment. During their construction, occupancy, renovation,
repurposing and demolition, building use energy, water and raw
materials, generate waste and emit potentially harmful atmospheric
emission. These facts have prompted the creation of green building
standards, certification and rating system aimed at mitigating the
impact of buildings on the natural environment through sustainable
design.
Green Building is high performance structures that also meet certain
standard for reducing natural resources consumption. Green or
Sustainable buildings are characterized by:
i. Efficient management of energy and water resources
ii.
Management of materials resources and waste
iii.
Restoration and protection of environmental quality
iv. Enhancement and protection of health and indoor environment
v.
vi.

quality
Reinforcement of natural systems
Analysis of the cycle costs and benefits of materials and

vii.

method
Integration of the design decision making process

Intelligent Building a building that integrates technology and process

to create a facility that safer, more comfortable and productive for its
occupants and more operationally efficient for its owners. Advanced
technology combined with improved processes for design occupant
comfort and productivity while reducing energy consumption and
operations.

Green Building Index (GBI) is Malaysias green rating tool for

buildings and towns, created to promote sustainability in the builtenvironment and raise awareness of environmental issues. A Green
building focuses on increasing the efficiency of resource use energy,
water, and materials while reducing building impact on human health
and the environment during the buildings lifecycle, through better
sitting, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal.
Green Buildings should be designed and operated to reduce the
overall impact of the built environment on its surroundings.

GSB encourages all members of Project Teams, Building Owners,

Developers and other interested parties including Contractors,
Government, and Design and Build Contractors to use the Green
Building Index to validate environmental initiatives at the design
phase of new construction or base building refurbishment or
construction and procurement phase of buildings. Use of the Green
Building Index is encouraged on all such projects to assess and
improve their environmental attributes. Use of the Green Building
Index tool without formal certification by an independent accredited
GBI Certifier does not entitle the user or any other party to promote
the Green Building Index rating achieved. No fee is payable to GSB
for such use, however formal recognition of the Green Building Index
rating - and the right to promote same requires undertaking the formal
certification process offered by Green building index Sdn. Bhd.
1.2

Objectives

i.

Understand the green building system, building technology

ii.

method and sustainable concepts.

Designed house or building to reduce overall impact on human
health and the natural environment by using energy, water and
other resources efficiently and reducing waste, pollution and
environmental degradation

1.3

Problem statement
Lastly, all universities should align their academic and public programs
to have coherence, as well address local environmental issues and
requirements in order to enhance sustainable development

CHAPTER 2

2.1

Company Profile

Company Name: JUST A TECHNOLOGY SDN. BHD.

Date of Establishment: September 01, 2012
No. Company Registration: 7817422-U
Registered Address:
A-21 LEVEL 2, 9 Lorong Tun Ismail. 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah
Persekutuan.
Phone / Fax: 03 2960571/ 03 - 2968644
Branch Address:
306 of Vision 14 Vision Park, 86800 Batu Pahat, Johor.
Phone/ Fax: 09 5553460/ 09 - 5453152
Type of business
Building Contract, wash Building, Civil Engineering Technology, Supply of
Raw Materials and Materials, Maintenance and Operation.
Quotes
"A society that is scientifically progressive and innovative is not only an
adopter of technology but a contributor of knowledge on scientific and
technology bas

2.2

Organization Chart
JUST A TECHNOLOGY SDN. BHD.

BOARD
OF
DIRECTO
R

PROJECT MANAGER
MUHAMMAD ARIF
AMZAR BIN MOHD
YUSUF

PLANNING
ENGINEER
SITI NOR
ASIAH BINTI
MUZAKIR

CONSTRUCTION
MANAGER
(ENGINEERING
TECHNOLOGY)
AINUL HUSNA BINTI
SAIFUDING

CHIEF LAND
SURVEYOR

ASST. LAND
SURVEYOR

SAFETY
OFFICER

PROJECT
ENGINEERIN
G

QUANTITY
SURVEYOR

MATERIAL
ENGINEER

Organization Chart (Top)

PROJECT MANAGER
(TECHNOLOGY ENG.)
MUHAMMAD ARIF AMZAR BIN MOHD YUSUF

PLANNING ENGINEER
(TECHNOLOGY ENG.)
SITI NOR ASIAH BINTI MUZAKIR

CONSTRUCTION MANAGER
(TECHNOLOGY ENG.)
AINUL HUSNA BINTI SAIFUDING

2.3

FILA table
Facts

Ideas

The soil
properties is very
soft soils.

Using a pyramidshaped floating

foundation
concept

The location plan

is in UTHM

Recycled
aggregates

Industrialised
building system
(IBS)

Solar panel

Learning
Issues
What is the
advantages of
using pyramidshaped floating
foundation?

Pyramid-shaped
floating foundation
can eliminate the
expansions of soils
below.

Near to
institutional
buildings, next to
the ORICC and
opposite of
FKMP.
Makes efficient
use of old
aggregates.

Why choose
that place?

Near to entrance and

exit way of UTHM.

Why using the

recycled
aggregates as
main mixture?

Cheaper and save the

environment.

Components and
materials for
construction are
manufactured in
controlled
environment.
The efficient use
of radiation of
sunlight.

Which is have
the best quality
between IBS
and normal
construction
materials?
Does solar
panel will
results in
pollution?
How to filter
the heat from
the sunlight
from entering
the house?
How the
hexagon shape
influence the
green building
concept?

Less time taken,

more cost savings,
higher quality,
environmentally
friendly.

Glass wall

Maximizing the
lighting source of
the house

Hexagon shaped
bungalow

Simple and
innovative house
concept.

Actions

Reducing the cost of

energy use.

A double layer of
glass wall with an
argon gas between it.
Easy to build, hence
will saving the labour
cost.

 Submit Report and Presentation

Facility and System

- For occupant comfort
- IEQ and IAQ

Construction Materials
- For building envelope
- Green materials
- Insulations

Structure
- The structure of the building meets the standard
- Identify the technologies that are environmentally friendly green
building

Infrastructure
- The entry and exit routes
- Irrigation and drainage
Building Design
- Bungalow 2 floors
- The orientation of the building
- Design openings, ventilation systems, construction materials,
electrical systems and equipment selection,
- Energy supply, water, wifi etc.
- The safety aspect, fire,

The task given

Title project: Please Save Our Country
Set up group
Name of company, Organization and Company profile

Earthwork
- Select a site on the campus of the University.
- Planning the design, construction and operation
- Approval of the local authorities involved in the project running.

2.4

Working Progress

 REFLECTION AND FEEDBACK

Conduct self and group feedback on group functioning,
individual problem solving process, knowledge learnt,
solution
and facilitators facilitation.
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION
Evaluate sources of information for credibility and validity.
Conduct peer sharing of information.
Apply relevant knowledge to the problem.
Develop more learning issues, if necessary.
Discuss, develop and justify solution and explanation.

SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING
Seek and summarize relevant information.
LEARNING ISSUES
Determine what needs to be learnt in order to understand or
Solve the problem.
Generate learning issues and action plan.
Inquire the research sources.
IDEA GENERATION / HYPOTHESIS
Inquire the possible ideas (to understand or solve the
problem).

5
4

GROUP SETTING / SETTING ATMOSPHERE

Introduce members.
Establish ground rules.
Define roles of facilitators and students

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION / TRIGGER

Present the problem.
Identify and clarify problem.
Describe the problem.

2.5

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Process

CHAPTER 3

3.1 Approval Of Local Authorities Involved

The local authority is a body established by legislation and the activity is

limited to the powers and duties provided in the legislation. If they do not act
according to the law, the act is ultra vires (beyond the powers) and the court
can stop him. This principle is fundamental to the status of local government
function. However, for housing projects in the universities area, the
representative of the local authorities is Property Administration Office (PPH),
Development and Facilities Section.

Planning permission by the Department of Planning and Building Delivery

Landowners must submit the application for planning to the Planning
Department for approval. This application should be made through submit the
site plans and building plans to be built on the land for the purpose of
planning department approval, if the approval was given, the landlord must
make progress payments in accordance with section 34 (1), Act 172 Urban
And Rural Planning. If the first application does not approved, the owner can
apply second application and they can identify the mistakes that are made in
the first application. The plans will then be processed for the purposes of the
application.
3.2 Building Approvals by The Building Department.
After obtaining approval from the department plans planners, the landowners
will submit building plans to be processed by the building department for
approval. The building plan should comply with the conditions for approval.
The building plan must fulfill the requirements laid down by local authorities
and Uniform Building By Law (UBBL). After approval is obtained, construction
will begin to the landowners until the completion of construction for the
application of Certificate of Fitness for Occupation (CFO)

All application form which is completed by the applicant together with support
letters will be processed by the local authority for approval certificate of
fitness for the building that was completed. The department that is involved in
the processing department of building that is operated by the secretariat of
the one-stop center.
The purpose of construction site inspection for the new building in the
construction project is:
i.

To ensure that the building owners who apply the withdraw of CFO are
provided all facilities including all entrance and exit provided under

ii.

section 25 (1) (b) of the Uniform Building By Law (UBBL) 1984 (2).
To ensure that the construction of infrastructure in the areas such as
drainage ditches, utility poles, pipes, a cross-in and others have been

iii.

agreed upon by the local authorities.

To ensure that the construction and other construction have been
completed followed the building plans that were approved by local

authorities at the request approvals stages.

3.3 Technical Departments Involved In The Project
Technical departments that involved in obtaining letters of support for the
project is the construction of Public Works Departments (JKR), Drainage And
Irrigation Department (JPS), Fire And Rescue Department (BOMBA), The
Department Of Water Supply, Limited National Energy Departments And
Sewerage Services And Telecoms (TNB).
Public Work Department (JKR)
Public works departments (JKR) is directly involved to review on the structure
of construction carried out in the construction area is complied with in
accordance with the terms of the plan or not. Technical requirements for the
Public Works Department (JKR) to obtain support releasing the certificate of
fitness for occupations (CFO) are:

i.

All road reserves, drainage and other facilities have been provided in
the construction project in accordance with the standards that is set
out in the Uniform Building By Laws (1984).

ii.

reserve water tank has been prepared at high position to ensure that
the needs of the people who will inhabit these areas will be met

iii.

all provide water drainage should be replaced with a large trench to

avoid the complexity of the adjacent areas

iv.

ensure drains and ditches built function properly so that it does not
threaten the health of people who will inhabit the area

v.

structures such as culverts and bridges need to be expanded to

accommodate the increased runoff surface road a head

vi.

JKR party will give a review on the above matter to make sure whether
it is safe for residential areas

Drainage And Irrigation Department (JPS)

Drainage And Irrigation Department will provide confirmation in the terms of
the construction of the drainage system that will be built according to the plan
approved by the Department during the releasing of planning permission. The
requirements on support issuance of a Certificate of Fitness for Occupation
(CFO) are related to the following:

the size of the main drain

the size of the trench
rivers and ditches
size, number and types of sewers

Through onsite inspection, JPS will provide a confirmation and support for
Certification Of Fitness For Occupation (CFO)

Fire and Rescue Department (JBP)

Fire And Rescue Department (JBP) is the department that is responsible for
ensuring that the area or building has the of high security characteristics
before the building is handed over to the user.
The requirement that is set by the Fire and Rescue Department is:
i.

Have a fire hydrant and it is located in a suitable area so that it can be

used without restrictions. Fire hydrants provided must be sufficient in
size minimum air pressure that is not less than 1362 liters / minute

ii.

according to specifications JBP.

The suitability of the entrance road for the fire engines going in
emergency cases such as the area of road, bridge, road gradient and
so on.

Syarikat Air Johor (SAJ)

Water supply provided by the developer in accordance with rules set by the
state water company as the need for a letter of support to the certificate of
fitness for occupation (CFO)
The regulations set by the Syarikat Air Johor about CFOs production
support requirements to be met are:
i.

Water tank needs

The request for water demand rate in an area shall be adequate
and must be built in the highest area of the earth surface. The
construction of water tanks must use the approved materials
followed the specifications set by the state water company. The
aim is the water supply have a sufficient pressure for everyday use
as well as the absence of supply

ii.

Reserve for line pipe to the home

Reserve pipeline routes should be provided for the route of water
pipes to homes water reserves must meet minimum specifications

usually 5 feet (1.52 meters). SAJ will issue a certificate of support

when it found that all the requirements specified.
Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB)

Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) is responsible for the supply of electricity to

the building and ensuring the perfection development of the supply of
electricity to power before the building is habitable confirmed. TNB
responsible for ensuring that the following requirements:
i.
ii.

The supply of electricity will cover the area

The installation of electrical equipment such as wiring can fulfill the

iii.

needs of TNB
The reserve for the electrical substation where appropriate have

iv.

been provided for the construction of substations TNB

Identify the cables existing electrical wiring so that the work of
electricity supply to the region could be done.

Sewerage Services Department

Sewerage Services Department is a department that acts as controller to the
sewage system house surrounding, for the health of the population would not
be disturbed. The technical requirements of the Sewerage Services
Department are:
i.

There are standards issued by the Sewerage Services Department

on oxidation tank, the effects of wastewater discharge and other
end connected to be observed. The need for the construction of
waste disposal tank for the automatic removal is the construction
area of more than 4000 units, while the construction of oxidation
ponds for housing development is in excess of 500 units.
There are no environmental pollution problems that can disturb the
population health like odor pollution, air, noise and others.

CHAPTER 4
4.1 Site Planning
i.

Key plan

Locatio
n

Figure 4 : Key plan

The key plan for our bungalow is located in Universiti Tun Hussein
Onn Malaysia, UTHM which is at Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor.
ii.

Location Plan

Figure 4.1 : Location plan

For location plan, our bungalow will be located near to Faculty of
Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (FKMP) and the Office of
Research, Innovation, Commercialization and Consultancy (ORICC),
UTHM.
iii.

Site Plan

Figure 4.2 : Site plan

4.2 Orientation

Figure 4.3 : Building orientation

4.3 Earthwork
Earthworks are engineering works created through the moving or processing
of parts of the earth's surface involving quantities of soil or unformed rock.
The earth may be moved to another location and formed into a desired shape
for a purpose. Much of earthworks involves machine excavation and fill or
backfill.

For our bungalow site plan, the total area that will be consumed is 60
ft. x 58 ft. We have chosen this place because it is nearer to the entrance and
exit way of UTHM. Hence, this will make us easier to leave and return
anytime. Besides that, this site has already a grey water canal around the site
area. This will reduce the cost for excavating a drain or a trench to discharge
any grey water from the bungalow. Moreover, this site has its own lake. This
will delivers beautiful and calm scenery for the occupants inside the
bungalow. It will also increase the comfort level and make us closer to the
environment.
In early stage of construction, planning the earthwork is the most crucial
components in civil engineering. This will determine whether the house is
safe to be inhabited. Good foundation, thus, a good quality of house will be
built. Bad foundation, hence it has no quality at all and risking the occupants
inside it. More or less, it will lead to building collapse and fatal death. From
our observation and research, the soil properties and types of our site is
mostly a very soft soils. Which has capabilities as the same as clay. This will
be bad and a problem for any construction. In order to achieve the green
building technology, we have decided to use: Excavation
Normal excavation work which is easier and more efficient. The priority
is more to the materials and mechanisms that will be uses as the base
of our bungalow.

CHAPTER 5
5.1 Building Design Concept
The concept of this project is Innovative Hexagon. The word innovative
comes from innovation of shape of the buildings.
i.

Energy efficiency
The application of the renewable enery will reduce the energy
consumption As high-performance buildings use less operating

energy, embodied energy has assumed much greater importance

and may make up as much as 30% of the overall life cycle energy
ii.

consumption. IEQ
Indoor Air Quality
Seeks to reduce volatile organic compounds, or VOCs, and other
air impurities such as microbial contaminants by . this building is
rely on a properly designed ventilation system (naturally) to provide
adequate ventilation of cleaner air from outdoors or recirculated,

iii.

filtered air as well as isolated operations.

Elegant design
This bungalow concept is elegant whereas it implement a simple
hexagon shape which can be an eyeseing view on the house itself.
Then from the internal side of the house, we use bamboos floor
and for walls, we use half glass and half IBS walls which can give
an exclusive environment.

iv.

Environmental friendly

The material in the construction process until the project is one is use by
recycled material to reduce the number of waste.

CHAPTER 6

6.1

Access Road

There are 2 access road that is provided which is been shown in figure 5.

Figure 5 : access road

6.2

Drainage and irrigation system

Drainage is the natural slope artificial removal of surface or subsurface wall

from an area. Water collecting oxide a development area causes problem
which might led to drainage issues. Thus the drainage system must be
properly managed and maintained.
For this project, we decide to use the existing drainage which already
excavated by the local authorities. The path of the water flow from the side
project will be implemented by sustainable practices. As the result, the
possibility of flooding can be reduced. Furthermore, the system are also
avoid pollutant dumping.

Figure 5.1 : cross-section of planned drainage system

CHAPTER 7
STRUCTURE
7.1

Sub-structure
1. Foundation

Materials
Definition

Pyramid-Shaped Floating foundation

The main functionality for this type of land-based or slab
footing foundation is to protect against settlement and the
liquefaction of soft soil. This foundation has a volume such
that were that volume filled with soil, it would be equal in
weight to the total weight of the structure. When the soil is so
soft that even friction piles will not support the building load,
the final option is the use of a floating foundation, making the
building like a boat that will be likely obeys Archimedes
principle whereas it is buoyed up by the weight of the earth

Specificatio
n
Finishing

displaced in creating the foundation.

boxlike rigid structures

has the capabilities in its shape by gripping the soil and

strength then the foundation itself.

can decrease the sedimentation occur in soils and has

possibilities in eliminating the expansion in soils.

support the weight of the structure above it as well as
increasing the strength of the soil below it. In addition
towards green, this foundation will use recycled
aggregates as its main mixtures

Figure 7 : Floating foundation

7.2

Super-structure
1. Column

Materials
Definition

Fiber glass
Round fiberglass

columns are

available

in

either fluted or smooth designs, high density

highly advanced fiberglass polymers
they are extremely impact resistant, and when combined with
a quality

latex

paint in

outdoor

installations,

virtually

Specificatio

maintenance-free.
Round (install at every 6 edge of hexagon)

n
Advantages
Finishing

Most durable compared to PolymerStone and PVC column

Painted with non-toxic paint

Figure 7.1 : Round column

2. Floor
Materials
Definition

Bamboo
Type of flooring manufactured from the bamboo plant.
Bamboo is the alternative way for flooring because of its
physical similarities to hardwoods. Bamboo floor is good in its
strength, durability, its eco-friendly and its natural resistance to
insects and moisture. Bamboo is a natural surface covering
material that has many of the properties of hardwood flooring,
even though it is actually produced from a type of grass. It
shares many of the positive benefits of a hardwood floor, as

Specificatio

well as the drawbacks and vulnerabilities.

Floors in all levels

n
Advantages

Eco-friendly
Bamboo is made from natural vegetation. The bamboo plant is
a highly renewable resource that is able to grow to maturity in
as little as three to five years. This is much faster than
hardwood trees which can take upwards of twenty years or
more to reach maturity.
Easy maintenance
Bamboo is relatively easy to maintain. You just have to sweep
or vacuum it regularly to remove small particle debris. You can
also occasional damp mop it, or clean it with a non-wax, nonalkaline, bamboo or hardwood floor cleanser.
Water resistant
This material is slightly more resistant to water damage,
stains, and warping than hardwood materials, although it is
still a concern.
Natural materials
The use of natural materials is an important trend in the
construction industry right now. As people are becoming more
ecologically conscious they are demanding products that
reflect these values. They are also seeking materials and
designs that reject the cookie cutter modern world and instead

focus on individual personality and natural evolution.

Durability
There are certain types of bamboo that can be extremely
strong, hard, and durable. Natural, un-carbonized bamboo that
was harvested and manufactured properly can be as durable
as red oak. Strand woven bamboo can be manufactured even
harder than that.
Refinishing
Over time bamboo floors may become discolored, scratched
or marred. Luckily the surface of this material can be
refinished, sanding it down and then reapplying the finishing
coats to give it a fresh new look. The amount of sanding that
can be done will be determined by the thickness of the planks
used.
There are different processes that are used to turn bamboo
grass materials into planks ready for flooring installation. Each
manufacturing method produces a product with specific
characteristics, which may make it more or less desirable in a
particular environment.

Figure 7.2 : Bamboo floor

3. Ceiling
Materials

100% recycled content from milk and food cartons that are

Definition
Specificatio

shredded and then compressed into panels

100% recycled eco-friendly ceiling panels
The face of each tile is textured and can be covered

with any color paper or a choice of veneers for easy

cleaning.
has a water-resistant core and is surfaced with a
polycoated paper waste producing a semi-gloss

finish,
low carbon footprints, contain 59% bio-based

content,
can be used in white or in several colors of your

choice
non-toxic and do not off-gas any toxic chemicals.

Eco-friendly made in the USA of 100% recycled

Advantages
milk, yogurt and other food containers, recyclable,
biodegradable, 59% bio-based content

Completely safe non-toxic, zero VOCs; no

chemicals, water or glues used

Standard sizes 2' x 2' or 2' x 4'. Fits most all

ceiling tile requirements

Moisture and mold-resistant will not support the

growth of mold, 10 out of 10 on ASTM D 3273

Colorful available in white, light blue, yellow,

orange, red, and black or customized to your needs

Fire-resistant Class C flame and smoke rated,

Class A avail by special order

Tough and durable won't fall apart when moved

like most ceiling tiles and resists water staining

Figure 7.3 : Types of ceiling

4. Wall Insulation panel

Materials
Definition

Fibre glass
A stressed-skin panel is an insulated building panel that is
comprised of a foam core sandwiched between two skins.
The core, made from polyurethane or styrene foam, is both
durable and light weight. The skins are most often made from
oriented strand board (OSB), but other building material such
as gypsum wall board, sheetrock, plywood, wafer board, and

sheet metal are used as well. The exterior skin must be nail
able material since the panels are attached to the buildings
exterior enclosing the frame to create a thermal envelop. To
finish the installation it is necessary to seal the joints between
Specificatio
n
Advantages

each panel.
102mm thickness

High R-Value

Moisture control

Sound barrier

dimensional stability

reduce up to 45% heat temperature

save up to 40% energy cooling cost

Figure 7.4 : Wall insulation panel

5. Windows
Materials
Definition

Glass
A casement window is one that is hinged on its side, and
normally opens outwards rather than inwards. This makes it
very easy to operate. Since it opens outwards, it cannot be
used in some situations, such as when the window opens out
into a corridor, as it will block movement. These windows are
designed to resist rain and wind from the outside in, so their

Specificatio
n
Advantages

direction cannot be reversed.

Casement and skylight

provide the most control of ventilation direction and

intensity
can be opened into an air stream, breezes that would

otherwise pass by can be directed into the room

the entire window area of casement units can be
opened, while sliders are limited to less than half of the

area.
an open fully 90 degrees and deflect breeze from any
side.
Figure 7.5 : Window

6. Doors
Materials
Definition

Fiber glass
Fiberglass is a relatively Built with a polyurethane foam core,
Therma-Tru fiberglass doors insulate against cold and heat for
exceptional energy efficiency. The core essentially creates an
energy-efficient entrance to the home, helping stabilize interior

Specificatio

temperatures
Brown in color

Have beveled decorative pane (plastic) in the middle

Advantages

Casement door
more resistant to forced entry than wood doors and
offer an adjustable security strike plate that withstands

450 pounds of force.

In wet climates, a wood door can rot; fiberglass won't
has the beveled decorative pane (plastic) in the middle.
This protects it and makes the smooth indoor and

outdoor glass surfaces easier to keep clean

good for ventilation

Figure 7.6 Door

7. Roof
Materials

Concrete and White tile

Definition

A protective covering that covers or forms the top of a

building
Tile: a flat thin rectangular slab used to cover the

Specificatio

surface
Coating with bright white coating (ceramic, elastomeric)

n
Advantages

on smooth surface (USE NON TOXIC PAINT)

Light-colored concrete tiles are another good
choice for warmer climates because their light
color is naturally heat-repellant
Very heavy and dense, and because of this the
tiles take a long time to heat up, even in direct
sunlight
The solar reflectance (%) of white tile roof is
80% which is higher than other colour
White solar reflective paint can lower energy use
by 10 to 40 percent

Figure 7.7 : White Tiles Roof

CHAPTER 8
FACILITY AND SYSTEM
8.1

Lighting
I.

LED motion sensor light

Definition

A device that detects moving objects, particularly

Specificatio

people
System that automatically performs a task or

alerts a user of motion in an area. Motion

detectors

form

security, automated

vital
lighting

component
control,

of

home

control, energy efficiency, and other useful

systems
Very reliable because it uses body heat and
wave lengths to calculate whether there is a

Advantages

movement or not
Can adjust the amount of sensitivity
Very efficient because the eventuality of leaving
your lights on by mistake is totally eliminated, no
redundancy of electricity
Do not have to continually switch on and off the
light because the sensor will do it for us
Very good deterrent against burglars because it
will be much harder to break into homes
and remain unnoticed
Led motion sensors can be installed anywhere,
whether it is a driveway, a yard, a porch or a
garage
Very reliable because it uses body heat and
wave lengths to calculate whether there is a
movement or not

Figure 8.0 : LED motion sensor camera

II.

Dim controller lighting

Materials
Definition
Specificatio
n
Advantages

Switch and slide dimmer

Used to lower the brightness of a light
Large paddle
Captive linear slide dimmer
Available in one-way and three- way models
Available with eco-dim feature
Easily turn the lights on and off with a large
paddle switch and a captive linear-slide dimmer
for a standard designed wall plate opening
Control and adjust lights level when the lights
are on
Available in one-way and three- way models
when the lights are controlled from more than
one location
dimmer guarantees at least 15% energy savings
compared to a standard switch

Figure 8.1 : Dimmer controller switch

iii.

Lighting Bulbs
Materials
Definition

LED bulb
LED bulbs create quality light that is perfect for every

Specificatio

occasion
Combine with a beautiful warm white light with

Advantages

an exceptionally long lifetime

9.5 watt LED
Free mercury content
Long lasting (rate: 22.8years)
Instantly on once switch turning
Provide immediate, significant energy savings

while enhancing home atmosphere

Create quality light
Consume less electric wattage
Cost effective

Figure 8.2 : LED light bulb A19

8.2

Ventilation

i.

Cross ventilation
Definition
Specificatio
n
Advantages

Ventilation is necessary in buildings to remove

'unwanted' air and replace it with fresh air
On exposed sites
Perpendicular to the prevailing wind
Free from internal barriers to air flow
Provided with a regular distribution of openings
Helping to moderate internal temperatures.
Reducing the accumulation of moisture, odors
and other gases that can build up during
occupied periods.
Creating air movement which improves the
comfort of occupants

Figure 8.3 : Cross ventilation

8.3.
i.

Power and Electrical

Solar panel
Materials

Monocrystalline silicon, also called single crystalline

Definition

silicon
A panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source

Specificatio

of energy for generating electricity or heating

A photovoltaic (PV) solar system is comprised of

solar panels, racks for putting the panels on your

roof, electrical wiring, and an inverter.
The solar panels generate electricity (DC) which
is sent to an inverter from sunrise to sunset.
The inverter converts the DC electricity into
alternating current (AC), which is type of
electricity required for household use.
The AC power is delivered directly into the house

Advantages

main electrical service panel for uses.

Not only sustainable, it is renewable and this
means that we will never run out of it
The creation of solar energy requires

little

maintenance
Monocrystalline silicon solar cells are more
efficient with efficiency ratios of 15 to 20 percent
(this number represents the amount of solar
radiation collected that is actually converted into
usable electricity).

 Since their higher efficiency means you can get

by with fewer of them, monocrystalline solar
panels require less space than the other two
alternatives.
These solar panels have a longer lifespan than
any other type, and most panel manufacturers
will issue twenty-five-year warranties for them at
the time of purchase.
Tend to perform better than similarly rated
polycrystalline

solar

panels

at

low-light

conditions
In high heat conditions, monocrystalline silicon
panels are more effective than those made from
polycrystalline silicon cells.

Figure 8.4 : Monocrysralline solar panel

8.4

Water Efficiency
i. Rain water harvesting
Definition

Recharge the rain water, use gutter to collect rainwater

Specificatio

directed to underground tank.

The collection area at the roof of the house
A conveyance system usually consists of gutters

or pipes that deliver rainwater falling on the

rooftop to cisterns or other storage vessels.
Both drainpipes and roof surfaces

are

constructed by chemically inert materials in order

to avoid adverse effects on water quality.
The water is stored in a storage tank which
should also be constructed of an inert material.
Storage tanks are constructed at the separate
unit located some distance away from the
building.
Advantages
Rainwater harvesting systems is flexibility. The
system is simple as a barrel placed under a rain
gutter downspout for watering a garden pumped
and

pressurized

construction

to

supply

residential and irrigation needs.

Rainwater harvesting systems are integrated
with the house, which makes the water easily
accessible.
Rainwater harvesting systems are personal,
which prevents arguments about who should
take care of maintenance.
The used materials can be kept simple, are
obtainable nearly everywhere at local low cost
price.
The

construction

maintenance.

is

easy

and

cheap

in

Figure 8.5 : Water Harvesting

ii.

Faucet sensor
Materials
Definition

Stainless steel,
The shutting off automatically after hand washing,

Specificatio

thereby reducing water waste

Equipment with motion

sensors

automatic

faucets only turn on and release water if a hand

is detected
Once the sensors determine that a hand is no
longer present, the valves close and stop the
flow of water after a few seconds
The motion sensor faucets have four key
components which is sensor, solenoid controlled

Advantages

valve, power source and spout

Reduce the need for parents to ensure that
children have turned off the faucet
The elderly and those suffering from arthritis or
other mobility limiting conditions since there are
no handles to twist or pull
Reduce the risk of disease transmission

Kitchen

Shower

Toilet

Wash basin
Figure 8.6 : Faucet

iii.

Hunter water sprinkler system for landscape

Definition

Weather sensors are well-designed irrigation system to

prevent watering during wind, rain, and freezing
weather. Also offers a soil moisture sensor to stop
irrigation when soil moisture levels have been reached
and offering smart control adjustments to eliminate

Specificatio

wasteful watering.
Weather sensors connect to irrigation controllers

Designed to make irrigation systems react to

local weather conditions
More advanced sensors, like Hunters Solar
Sync, gather daily local weather data and work
with the controller to calculate the optimum
watering schedule based upon the current
weather conditions.
A sensor is an easy way to conserve water
Lower the electric bills
Improve the health of the landscape

Advantages

Figure 8.7 : Hunter water sprinkler systems for landscape

IV.

Dual flush toilet

Definition

A variation of the flush toilet that uses two buttons or

Specificatio

handles to flush the different levels of water

Dual flush toilet with left hand handle
Two buttons to operate the flush. One button

gives a short flush and the other operates the full

flush button. The system has the added benefit
of using significantly less water, even on the full

Advantages

flush.
Comfort height
Gravity feed toilet
Comfort height toilets about two or three inches

higher than usual. The added height makes

getting on and off easier
These toilets rely on gravity. Water drops from
the tank into the bowl to move waste down the
drain. It can work with as little as 10 psi of
household water pressure.
Noise level was excellent

Figure 8.8 : Dual flush toilet

8.5

Security system
1. Biometric access control system
Definition

Enhances

building

security

and

internal

communications. Biometric systems for physical access

Specificatio
n

control for home

Verify fingerprints quickly and more accurately
Requires no server or software, everything is
embedded in the device, making installation as
easy as running wire
Has time zone restriction management that allow
to open only the doors assigned by the software

Advantages

at specific times
1000 fingerprint user capacity
Stand alone device, no PC required
Simple wiring, no training necessary
Provide the right level of security, at the exact
places

needed,

and

are

able

to

adjust

dynamically the level of authentication necessary

for ever-changing threat levels

To manage visitors and contractors better

Protect important areas
Very high accuracy
Is the most economical biometric

user

authentication technique
Easy to use

Figure 8.9 : Biometric access control system

2. Sliding door automatic gate
Materials
Definition

Steel
The security of private premises and can be used for all

Specificatio

sized properties
The electric gate motor, two distinct motor types

exist hydraulic, or electromechanical

High Security.
Architectural Design.
Gate widths up to 15 meters.
Opening & Closing Speed from 200mm up to

950mm per second.

All essential safety devices connected to gate

Advantages

operator and Safety Sensitive Edges.

Battery backup in the event of power failure.
Integration with Fire Alarm Control systems.
Actually enables the electric gate to open and
close without having to manually push the gate
Can also helped keep children and pets in
Having a transmitter gate or using one of our

GSM systems means opening and closing your

driveway can be as easy as a click of a button
A lovely looking set of steel gates with an easy to
use intercom system will almost certainly ensure
that the person visiting you will be suitably
impressed

Figure 8.10 : Sliding Door Automatic Gate

3. CCTV
Materials
Definition

Remote, recorder, camera, remote, CCTV

Access to view all live or recorded video or CCTV
image, even control the security and entry systems

Specificatio
n

using mobile
Remote and mobile CCTV access
Using mobile or Wi-Fi network, have remote
access to view all live or recorded video or
CCTV images, even control the security and
entry systems via a dedicated, highly-secure
connection.
And the connection can be share.
When review the camera images remotely can
take advantage of the higher resolution that high
definition cameras deliver. Clear, high-definition
images from IP CCTV cameras will let the owner

Advantages

to see who is at the door or gate.

Can share the connection with all family
members then access the cameras

 Can access the camera from anywhere

High resolution that high definition deliver

Figure 8.11 : Remote and Mobile CCTV

4. Doorbell wireless intercom

Materials
Definition

Camera, intercom recorder, LCD screen

Provide added security and make it easy to know when

Specificatio

someone is at the door

Combined with a DVR security

system or wireless security camera for security

features
Video intercoms or wireless video
doorbells combine the audio and visual features
to create a competent security system for the

Advantages

home
The elimination of wires and complicated setup
procedures made security easy to control and
customize
Can also capture images or record using the
outdoor camera station to file the identity of their
visitors
Homeowners can communicate with visitors to
confirm their identity before they unlock the door

Figure 8.12 : Doorbell wireless intercom

5. Glass vibration alarm

Definition

Designed to be mounted on glass where there is a

Specificatio

potential for tampering or breakage

The thin profile makes it ideal for mounting

Advantages

between sliding windows and glass doors

The Glass Vibration Alarm has a selectable
HI/LO sensitivity switch
Can be clean using a soft cloth slightly
dampened with water and wipe dry.
Select LO position for windows or doors that
may be exposed to vibration from strong winds

Figure 8.12 : Glass vibration alarm

8.6

Finishing
I. Painting
Materials
Definition
Specificatio

i.
Exterior: Weatherbond solareflect
ii.
Interior: 3-in-1
Exterior and interior wall protection surface
Exterior: Reflects heat and cools the house. Nippon

Weatherbond Solareflect is pure acrylic-based paint

with non-added lead and mercury. It is specially
formulated with low VOC and low odor for exterior
walls to protect the exterior surfaces from the

extremities of Malaysian weather.

Interior: The paint that comes with elastic properties
that gives added flexibility to the paint film. Nippon 3IN-1 adds a beautiful mid sheen finish to your interior
surfaces while providing the benefits of its special
formulation. Its excellent wash ability, coverage for
hairline cracks, and waterproof properties come as one
Advantages

complete, innovative solution for home.

For exterior,

Heat resistance with Sunblock Technology

Reduces surface temperature up to 5C
2X UV resistance
2X tougher against dirt, fungus, algae, flaking

and efflorescence
Excellent hiding capability
For interior,

Washable
Waterproof
Covers hairline cracks
Fungus, algae and dirt resistant
Long-lasting
Mid sheen finish

Figure 8.13 : Weatherboard Solarflect & 3-in-1

8.7

Fire system
I. Nest protect smoke detector
Materials

Smoke detector, mobile

Definition

The new innovation that is wireless and can be set up

Specificatio

in just minutes using smartphone that can detect fires.

Allows multiple Nest Protects to talk to each

other during an alert or emergency alarm

All Nest Protects will sound an alert, if a smoke
or carbon monoxide (CO) event is detected at

Advantages

one Nest Protect

Safer than standalone smoke alarms, because
they let we know about an emergency sooner
Nest protect send an alert in case owner are not
at home through phone
The battery last for a year and also alert the
owner if its battery are running low

Figure 8.15 : Nest protect smoke detector

8.8

Green area

Green landscape
Materials
Definition

Grass, plants, flower

Area that is partially or completely covered with
vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a
waterproofing membrane.
There are two types of green area
i.
Intensive
ii.
Extensive which are shallow, ranging in depth
from 2 cm (0.79 in) to 12.7 cm (5.0 in), lighter
than intensive green roofs, and require

Specificatio
n

minimal maintenance
Included additional layers such as a root barrier
and drainage and irrigation systems.

 Rainwater absorbing, insulation, a habitat place

Advantages

for wildlife
Aesthetically pleasing landscape
Absorbing rainwater
Providing insulation
Decreasing stress of the people
Creating a habitat for wildlife
Helping to lower urban air temperatures and

mitigate the heat island effect

They effectively utilize the natural functions of
plants to filter water and treat air in urban and
suburban landscapes
Filter pollutants and carbon dioxide out of the air
which helps lower disease rates such as asthma
Help to insulate a building for sound, the soil
helps to block lower frequencies and the plants
block higher frequencies
Not only retain rainwater, but also moderate the
temperature of the water and act as natural
filters for any of the water that happens to run off

Figure 8.16 : Green area

CHAPTER 9
PLAN &LAYOUT
9.1

Ground Floor

Figure 9 : Ground floor plan

Figure 9.1 : 3D plan for ground floor

9.2

First Floor

Figure 9.3. : First floor plan

Figure 9.4 : 3D plan for first floor

CHAPTER 10
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Conclusion
Moving towards a green economy has the potential to achieve sustainable
development. Green investments will enhance new sectors and
technologies that will be the main sources of economic development and
growth of the future such as renewable energy technologies, resource
and energy efficient buildings and equipment, low-carbon public transport
systems, infrastructure for fuel efficient and clean energy vehicles, and
waste management and recycling facilities.
One of the major finding in this report is that green technology building will
support the health and economic growth. Green building is not a new
fashion stream in design and architecture. Green building is a possibility
to create harmless, energy efficient and environmentally friendly buildings.
In the 1970s energy crises and environmental pollution affected on the
progress of sustainable buildings. The price for sustainable products and
materials fall, green buildings are becoming good for the environment,
tenants and occupiers. Conventional building consumes too much natural
sources, like energy, water, woods etc. while green building uses
renewable resources as sunlight, plants, rainwater. One of the most
important components of green building is energy and water efficient
technologies which are generally not available in regular buildings.
Although green building is more effective and good for bottom line, when
creating it construction employers and designers should take into
consideration some disadvantages too.
This report shows the first step to moving towards green economy at
national level. Ecosystem survives are better conserved, leading to
improved safety nets and household incomes for poor rural communities.
A green economy substitutes clean energy and low carbon technique for
fossil fuels which addresses climate change, creates jobs and reduces
import dependencies.
There are a few advantages of build a green house. One of the
advantages is about saving the cost. Very often green building is
considered to be expensive as usually all kind of modern building

methods. However it saves much more money from the moment of

creating during its lifetime as ordinary buildings. It works with any kind of
green structures. Green building elements will also save the energy
efficiency. Green building has a great advantage of reducing both
embodied and operating energy consumption. Studies proved that those
buildings which are built with wood will have a lower embodied energy
than buildings made of brick, steel or other materials.
Water consumption is another objective in sustainable building. Water can
be wasted by drip irrigation, leaking (toilet leaking can waste up to 90
gallons per day), pool showers. Recycling rainwater and using it for toilet
flushing can save waste-water. Water saving shower heads, ultra-low
flush toilets and other conserving fixtures can minimize waste-water.
Furthermore, green buildings need less maintenance. For example most
green buildings dont require exterior painting so often. Also as far as
natural sources were used during its construction, they are not destroyed
so quickly. Green building will also improve employee attendance and
productivity. Natural lightening, good ventilation, healthy circumstances all
influence the health of green structures occupants. People are becoming
less sick, they are more productive and their impact on work is more high
and effective. A study made in Seattle among 31 green buildings showed
that in LEED-certified buildings the absence of employee was decreased
into 40 percent.

Recommendation
To premise on the recommendations for Sustainable Development,
government should allowing private buildings to increase floor areas to
include green and amenity features for enhancing the living environment.
To improve the indoor air quality and promote public awareness of the
importance of IAQ, the Government has implemented an IAQ
Management Program. This will increase self-awareness among people.
We should not expect a sustainability mindset to be a marketable skill.
Support programs that promote collaboration skills and education for

sustainability mindsets, but consider these supplemental skills, not skills

that are marketable in their own right
In other hand, government should the responsible parties should teach
financial literacy to designers. Designers and other green building
advocates have to learn how to talk about the benefits of green
performance in terms that the financial community will relate to.
They also should focus the education on clients. The best way to create
demand for green projects is to show those who make decisions about
buildings the value proposition. Reach these decision-makers, such as
building owners and developers, through business media, events and
social networks.
The developers or contractor can also make green part of all design and
construction education. Every professional who graduates in all university
and who is somehow involved in the construction or design industry
should learn to work sustainably. It should not be an option.
The people who are very knowledgeable about all the needs pertaining to
delivering green buildings are mainly professors at our universities. These
people should also teach small and medium-sized contractors how to
deliver green buildings
Lastly, all universities should align their academic and public programs to
have coherence, as well address local environmental issues and
requirements in order to enhance sustainable development

CHAPTER 11
APPENDIX

IBS Wall

Double layer
Glass Wall with
ENERGY
vibration
star
sensors and
appliances
argon gas in
and light
Wall with large glass window

Low/Zero
Garden/Green
Area
VOC flooring
and pain
Long glass

Gym

Light wall
paintings

Walkwa
y

Living
Bamboo
Tiles
Pyramid-shaped
Floating
Floor
Foundation made up
recycled aggregate mixtures

Grass

Cross Section of Main Floor Green Element

Plants

IBS Wall
Wall with large glass window

Cut-up
windows

Open
Space

Balcon
y
Hardwood
Fences

Cross Section of First Floor Green Element

Gras
s

CHAPTER 12
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

www.foam-tech.com
www.greenbuildingindex.org/
https://www.jkr.gov.my
http://floorplanner.com/
https://www.google.com/ - UTHM+MAP
https://en.wikipedia.org/
7. www.greenroofs.org/