42TW4

Job Number
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com
Client
Calcs by
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
M/s KTP CONSULTANTS PTE LTD
Checked by
HT
T&T
42TW4-(42nd-43rd)
Job Title
Date
AUGUST 2015
C13

158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
5.000
41.500
190.000
13.000
5.000
158.500
4290.000
13.000
5.000
41.500
13.000
-5.000
158.500
-4290.000
13.000
41.500
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
Design code : CP65 - 1999
Input tables
General design parameters:
Job Number
General column design by PROKON.
Code
Sheet
X/Radius or
Bar dia. (mm)
5.000
-5.000
Y (mm)
Angle ()
-190.000
-5.000
+
41.500
13
158.500
13
158.500
13
41.500
13
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
158.500
13.000
41.500
13.000
41.500
4258.500
4258.500
289.559
289.559
537.618
537.618
785.676
785.676
(GenCol Ver W2.6.11 - 24 Apr 2014)
Client
Calcs by
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
1777.912
2025.971
2025.971
2274.029
2274.029
2522.088
2522.088
2770.147
2770.147
3018.206
3018.206
3266.265
3266.265
3514.324
3514.324
3762.382
3762.382
4010.441
4010.441
1033.735
Design loads:
1033.735
1281.794
1281.794
1529.853
1529.853
1777.912
Load
case
Designation
Ultimate limit state design loads

P (kN)
Axial
3500
Axial+Mxx
3500
Axial+Myy
3500
Axial+Mxx+Myy 3500
Mx top (kNm) My top (kNm) Mx bot (kNm) My bot (kNm)

350
35
350
35
Sheet
Date
AUGUST 2015
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Sheet
Job Number
Job Title
Date
AUGUST 2015
CP65 - 1999

Client
Calcs by
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Sheet
Date
AUGUST 2015
Where h is an equivalent column depth derived from the radius of gyration*square root of 12
Minimum Moments for Design:

Given:
Lo = 6.000 m
fcu = 40 MPa
fy = 460 MPa
Ac = 855172 mm
Assumptions:
(1) The general conditions of clause 3.8.1 are applicable.
(2) The specified design axial loads include
the self-weight of the column.
(3) The design axial loads are taken constant
over the height of the column.
Check for mininum eccentricity:

Check that the eccentricity exceeds the minimum in the plane of bending:
Use emin = 20mm
4000
3000
1000
Mmin = emin. N
= .01 3500
-1000
= 35.000 kNm
Check if the column is slender:

le/h = 30.0 > 15
The column is slender.
Design approach:
The column is designed using an iterative procedure:
(1) An area of reinforcement is chosen.
(2) The column design charts are constructed.
(3) The corresponding slenderness moments are calculated.
(4) The design axis and design ultimate moment are determined .
(5) The design axial force and moment capacity is checked on
the relevant design chart.
(6) The safety factor is calculated for this load case.
(7) The procedure is repeated for each load case.
(8) The critical load case is identified as the case yielding the lowest
safety factor about the design axis
The initial end moments about the X-X axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm
M2 = Larger initial end moment = 0.0 kNm
Through inspection:
Load case 3 (Axial+Myy) is critical.
3.8.3.2
Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 0 + 0.6 0
Check column slenderness:
= 0.0000100 kNm
End fixity and bracing for bending about the Design axis:
At the top end: Condition 2 (partially fixed).
At the bottom end: Condition 3 (pinned).
The column is braced.
Effective column height:

le = . Lo
3.8.1.3
Initial moments:
The initial moment near mid-height of the column :
Effective length factor = 1.00
3.8.2.4
X2000
X
General design parameters:
Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
Table 3.21
= 0.4 0
= 0.0000100 kNm
= 1 6
Mi 0.4M2 = 0.0 kNm
= 6.000 m
The initial end moments about the Y-Y axis:

M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm
Column slenderness about weakest axis:
le
max_s140l =
h
=
6
.19997
= 30.005
M2 = Larger initial end moment = 35.0 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column :
Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 0 + 0.6 35
= 21.000 kNm
3.8.3.2
Job Number
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Client
Calcs by
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
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T&T
Sheet
Job Number
Job Title
Date
AUGUST 2015

K=
Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 35
= 14.000 kNm
Client
Calcs by
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Sheet
Date
AUGUST 2015
Nuz - N
Nuz - Nbal
1731104 - 3500103
1731104 - 6957103
= 1.334
Mi 0.4M2 = 21.0 kNm
Deflection induced moments:
3.8.3.1
Design ultimate capacity of section under axial load only:
a =
Nuz = 0.45 . f cu. Ac + 0.87 . f y. Asc
= 0.45 40 855.17 + 0.87 460 4.7784
1 .
max_sl 2
2000
1
30.004 2
2000
= 0.4501
= 17.31103 kN
Where max_sl is the maximum slenderness ratio of the column as an equivalent rectangular column.
Maximum allowable stress and strain:
Therefore:
Allowable compression stress in steel

Madd = N . a. K . h
f sc = 0.87 . f y
= 3500 .45013 1 .19997
= 0.87 460
= 315.044 kNm
= 400.200 MPa
Allowable tensile stress in steel

f st = 0.87 . f y
= 0.87 460
Maddx = Madd*cos(-90.00) = 0.0 kNm

Maddy = Madd*sin(-90.00) = 315.1 kNm
Design ultimate load and moment:

Design axial load:
Pu = 3500.0 kN
= 400.200 MPa
Allowable tensile strain in steel
ey =
Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis
5.8.9 2)
For bending about the X-X axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of:
(a)
3.8.3.2
f st
Es
Mtop = Mt +
400.2
=
205000
=0 +
= 0.0020
3.8.3.2
Madd
2
0
2
= 0.0000100 kNm
Allowable compressive strain in concrete

(b)
3.8.3.2
ec = 0.0035
Mmid = Mi + Madd
For bending about the weakest axis:

Weakest axis lies at an angle of -90.00 to the X-X axis
Overall dimension perpendicular to weakest axis h = 200mm
=0 +0
= 0.0000100 kNm
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by
Sheet
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Job Number
Job Title
Date
(c)
AUGUST 2015

3.8.3.2
Client
Calcs by
Sheet
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Date
AUGUST 2015
Mmid = Mi + Madd
= 21 + 315.09
Madd
Mbot = Mb +
2
=0 +
= 336.090 kNm
(c)
0
2
3.8.3.2
= 0.0000100 kNm
Mbot = Mb +
(d)
3.8.3.2
=0 +
M = eminx. N
Madd
2
315.09
2
= 157.545 kNm
= .02 3500
(d)
= 70.000 kNm
Thus
3.8.3.2
M = eminy. N
3.8.3.2
= .02 3500
M = 70.0 kNm
= 70.000 kNm
Thus
Mx=0.0 kNm
Mxmin=70.0 kNm
Mxtop=0.0 kNm
3.8.3.2
M = 336.1 kNm
Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm)

Mytop=35.0 kNm
Initial
Additional
Design
Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis
5.8.9 2)
For bending about the Y-Y axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of:
(a)
3.8.3.2
Mtop = Mt +
= 35 +
3.8.3.2
Madd
2
315.09
2
= 192.545 kNm
(b)
My=336.1 kNm
Mymin=35.0 kNm
Madd/2=157.5 kNm
Myadd/2=-315.1 kNm
Moments about X-X axis( kNm)
3.8.3.2
Initial
Additional
Design
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by
Sheet
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Job Number
Job Title
Date
Design of column section for ULS:
AUGUST 2015

Client
Calcs by
Sheet
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Date
AUGUST 2015
Stresses near mid-height of the column for the critical load case 3
The column is checked for applied moment about the design axis.
Through inspection: the critical section lies near mid-height of the column.
The design axis for the critical load case 3 lies at an angle of 90.00 to the X-axis
The safety factor for the critical load case 3 is 1.25
CP65 - 1999
YD
For bending about the design axis:
4000
Axial load (kN)
Moment max = 488.6kNm @ 6837kN
Interaction Diagram
3000
90.0
XX
2000
1000
0
Bending moment (kNm)
500
450
400
350
Y
D
300
250
-1000
336 kNm
-1000
200
150
100
50.0
0.00
-50.0
-100
-150
-200
-250
-300
-350
-400
-450
-500
3500 kN
550
16E3
15E3
14E3
13E3
12E3
11E3
10E3
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
Summary of design calculations:

Moment distribution along the height of the column for bending about the design axis:
The final design moments were calculated as the vector sum of the X- and Y- moments
of the critical load case. This also determined the design axis direction
At the top, Mx = 192.5 kNm
Near mid-height, Mx = 336.1 kNm
At the bottom, Mx = 0.0 kNm
Design table for critical load case:

Moments and Reinforcement for LC 3:Axial+Myy
Middle
Bottom
Madd-x
(kNm) 0.0
Top
0.0
0.0
Madd-y
(kNm) 157.5
-315.1
0.0
Mx
(kNm) 0.0
0.0
0.0
My
(kNm) 192.5
336.1
0.0
Mmin
(kNm) 35.0
35.0
0.0
M-design (kNm) 192.5
336.1
0.0
Design axis ()
90.00
90.00
180.00
Safety factor
2.44
1.25
2.58
(mm) 4778
4778
4778
0.56 %
0.56 %
3421
3421
Asc
Percentage
AsNom
0.56 %
(mm) 3421
Critical load case: LC 3
Design results for all load cases:

Load case
Axis
N (kN)
Load case 1
Axial
X-X
Y-Y
3500.0
M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-315.1
Middle
M (kNm) M' (kNm)

0.0
315.1
315.1
Safety
factor
1.387
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by
Load case
Axis
N (kN)
Load case 2
Axial+Mxx
X-X
Y-Y
3500.0
0.0
0.0
350.0
0.0
210.0
0.0
0.0
-315.1
Load case 3
Axial+Myy
X-X
Y-Y
3500.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
35.0
0.0
21.0
0.0
-315.1
3500.0
0.0
0.0
350.0
35.0
210.0
21.0
0.0
-315.1
Load case 4
X-X
Axial+Mxx+Myy Y-Y
M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design
Load case 3 (Axial+Myy) is critical.
Sheet
KTP/20/13
ECHELON
Checked by
HT
T&T
Date
M (kNm) M' (kNm)
AUGUST 2015
Safety
factor
Middle
350.0
315.1
378.7
4.380
Middle
0.0
336.1
336.1
1.245
Middle
350.0
336.1
396.3
4.380

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Job Number

Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd

Design code : CP65 - 1999

General column design by PROKON.

(GenCol Ver W2.6.11 - 24 Apr 2014)

Ultimate limit state design loads

Mx top (kNm) My top (kNm) Mx bot (kNm) My bot (kNm)

Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd

Minimum Moments for Design:

Check for mininum eccentricity:

Check if the column is slender:

The initial end moments about the X-X axis:

Check column slenderness:

Effective column height:

The initial moment near mid-height of the column :

Effective length factor = 1.00

General design parameters:

Mi 0.4M2 = 0.0 kNm

The initial end moments about the Y-Y axis:

Column slenderness about weakest axis:

M2 = Larger initial end moment = 35.0 kNm

Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd

Deflection induced moments:

Design ultimate capacity of section under axial load only:

Nuz = 0.45 . f cu. Ac + 0.87 . f y. Asc

= 0.45 40 855.17 + 0.87 460 4.7784

Allowable compression stress in steel

= 3500 .45013 1 .19997

Allowable tensile stress in steel

Maddx = Madd*cos(-90.00) = 0.0 kNm

Design ultimate load and moment:

Allowable tensile strain in steel

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis

Allowable compressive strain in concrete

For bending about the weakest axis:

Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd

Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm)

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis

Moments about X-X axis( kNm)

Design of column section for ULS:

Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd

For bending about the design axis:

Axial load (kN)

Moment max = 488.6kNm @ 6837kN

Bending moment (kNm)

Summary of design calculations:

Design table for critical load case:

M-design (kNm) 192.5

Critical load case: LC 3

Design results for all load cases:

M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design

M (kNm) M' (kNm)

M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design

Load case 3 (Axial+Myy) is critical.

M (kNm) M' (kNm)

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