Soran university-faculty of

science
Biology department
Forth year

Report about Summer

Training In
Pirmam General Hospital
Prepared by
Kowan maqsad ahmad
Date: 1\12\2015

Preface:
This report contains brief explanation about laboratories, tests and their
examinations in PIRMAM GENERAL HOSPITAL. First let us describe the hospital;
Pirmam is a resort near Hawler city inside the Hawler governorate. Pirmam General
hospital has built around 2012 and opened after two years 2014, as many modern
hospital it consist of many rooms that are separated from each other, each room
specified for a special thing, and laboratories also are alone. Laboratory of the
hospital contain many departments, one of them is department of chemistry which
is lovely one for us. This department can do a lot of tests and successfully finishing
the samples, new instruments and tools are used to do the examinations and tests
in a better result and less time needed for analyzing the samples and the patients
are safer if accurate kits are used. In this report we will talk about tests that can be
done in the laboratory by special instruments like as Kenza 240TX, , Easylyte Plus
Na/K/Cl analyzer, Science, Mini Vidas, Complete Blood Count CBC, and etc.

The hospital lab is divided into the following part

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Hematology
Blood bank
Serology
Parasite
Chemistry
Hormone and Viruses

1. Hematology
This room divide to many part so in each part specific test performed.

a. Complete blood count ( CBC)

For this test at the first we took blood from the patient and put this blood in to
specific tube which contain anti-coagulant to prevent agglutination and mix blood
slowly with it then we could read all component of blood bye specific blood analyzer
instrument which called coulter

b. HB

This test is done by taking blood from finger of patient by lancet puncture then
collect blood by capillary tube then centrifuge blood and finally read the Hb by hand
reader

c. ESR
For this test also blood put to the specific tube which is specialized for ESR test and
placed on the rack for an hour. Then we measure ESR and normal range is different
for male and female. (0_15) for male & (0_20) for female

d. Blood group (BG)

For this test we put 3 drop of blood on the slide separately then put 1drop of anti-A
and 1drop of ant-B and 1 drop of anti-Rh then mix each drop of blood with specific
anti-A , B , Rh after 2minute look for the result.
1. If blood which mixed with anti-A clotted so the blood group was (A)
2. If blood which mixed with anti-B clotted so the blood group was (b)
3. If blood clotted with both of anti-A&B so the blood group was (AB)
4. If blood didnt clotted with any anti-A&B so the blood group was (O)
4. If blood which mixed with anti-Rh clotted so the blood group was (positive, +) and
if didnt clotted so blood group was (negative, -)

3. Serology
In this part many test were performed all of them done by serum .those test were
following
(widal test, salmonella typhy o, salmonella typhy H, salmonella paratyphy
BO,CRP,RF, ASO titer, h pylori, pregnancy test,brucella)

a. Pregnancy test ( pt )

For this test we use specific strip which specialized for pt test. We put this strip in
serum if two line appear on the strip (control &test) so the test is positive but if only
the test line appear so the test is negative

b. A S O titer
This test is done on the in the background which is black in color at the first blood
centrifuged then put 1 drop of serum on this background and mixed it with antigen
if agglutination occur in firs 15 second so result is 1600 but if agglutination occur in
second 15 second result became 800 and if agglutination occur in third 15 secon
result became 200 and if agglutination occur in forth 15 second result became 100
and if agglutination doesnt occur so it was negative

c. Brucella , widal test, TO,BO

Those test are same for those test serum collected and 1 drop of it put to the white
kit and mixed with antigen if suddenly agglutination occur so result became 320 but
if agglutination occur in second 15 second result became 160 and if agglutination
occur in third 15 minute result became 80 till 2 minute finished if agglutination
occur result is 80 and if agglutination doesnt occur result is negative

d. CRP,RF & H pylori

Those test also same serum and antigen mixed in black kit and let it for two minute
if agglutination occurs result is positive if agglutination doesnt occur result is
negative

4. Parasite room
In this room we use urine and stool for examination so first one called

a. general urine examination

in which urine took from the patient and centrifuged it for two minute then
removed the suspension which is useless. Then put 1 drop of the remaining part
on the slide and we look it by microscope under 4X for the following

(Pus , Epithelial Cell , RBC , Mucus , crystal , calcium oxalate ,uric

acid.)
4

a. General stool examination

In which took a piece of stool from the patient and put them on the slide with
Normal saline and covered it with cover slid finally examine it by microscope under
4X for the following

(Monelia , Pus , RBC , Fatty particle , Parasite , Oval)

5. Chemistry
The tests of chemistry was done by KENZA 240 TX this instrument has only 9
kits therefore it was able only to do 9 tests, the tests are ALT, AST, ALP, BUN,
Cholesterol, Triglyceride, uric acid, blood sugar and Creatinine. For this test blood
must put to specific tube and centrifuge then separate serum to another tube
which is specific for this instrument then placed that tube to the instrument and
programed it to perform any test we need

Easylyte Plus Na/K/Cl analy

The analysis of Na, K, and Cl is another part in the laboratory which is relative to
chemistry. It is name of a device which is able to detect each of Sodium, Potassium,
and chloride. The principle of the instrument is like that to detect each of them
manually, each one has a specific procedure, but due to inexistence of equipments
therefore we could not to do it manually and only by instrument. After preparing the
serum by putting the blood sample in the centrifuge, put the serum in a special
tube and use it in the device and do appropriate computing inside the instrument
then you will get the amount of each Na, K, and Cl in the serum of the blood.

2 Hormone and Viruses

detection and test of hormones & viruses is done by the instrument which named
MINI VIDAS this specific instrument consist of two part in each part the test must
be similar. And this instrument has it own specific kits so serum of the patient
placed on the kits and then that kits placed on to the instrument for the following
test
(T3 , T4 , TSH , FSH ,HCG, HBS , LH , HIV , TPSA,.)

HORMONES Tests of hormones are another part of the lab some tests are done
there by a device called (Mini Vidas), following hormones can be detected by this
device; Estradiol II, testosterone, FSH, LH,
prolactin, HBs Ag ultra, HCG level, progesterone, T3, T4, TSH, Total prostate specific
antigen. Below we will talk about six of them which are most popular there: