1.
2.
3.
Experience was broken down into three basic elements (physical sensations, feelings, and images) by
______.
a.
Freud
b. Titchener
c.
Galton
d. James
4.
5.
The school of thought that became known as behaviorism was founded by ______.
a.
Watson
b. Titchener
c.
James
d. Wundt
6.
The term 'psychology'' is defined by your text as the 'science of behavior and mental processes.''
According to your text, the key word in that definition is ______.
a.
science
b.
mental
c.
behavior
d.
processes
7.
The primary advantage of the naturalistic observation method of research is that it ______.
a.
allows for better control of the experimental situation than other research methods
b.
allows for gathering information more easily, quickly, and cheaply than other research methods
c.
virtually eliminates the problem of observer bias
d.
usually allows for behavior that is more natural, varied, and spontaneous than in a laboratory
8.
In an experiment to assess the effects of a new hay fever drug, two groups are used. One group is given
the drug while the second group is given a pill that contains no medication but looks and tastes exactly
like the one containing the drug. The group getting the pill that contains the hay fever drug is called the
______ group.
a.
independent
b.
experimental
c.
dependent
d.
control
10.
A researcher goes to great lengths to ensure that the proportion of males and females in his study
matches the proportion of males and females nationally. He is selecting a ______ sample.
a.
random
b.
controlled
c.
biased
d.
representative
11.
The short fibers branching out around the neuron cell body are called ______.
a.
lobes
b.
glands
c.
nerves
d.
dendrites
12.
13.
When sodium ions flow into a neuron and depolarize it, we say the neuron has ______.
a.
been neutralized
b.
reached equilibrium
c.
refracted
d.
fired
14.
At the point where the spinal cord enters the skull, it becomes the ______.
a.
limbic system
b.
hindbrain
c.
midbrain
d.
forebrain
15.
The lobe of the brain that serves as the "executive control center" for the brain is the ______ lobe.
a.
occipital
b.
temporal
c.
parietal
d.
frontal
16.
In recent research, Rosenzweig found that a stimulating environment results in larger neurons with
more synaptic connections ______.
a.
only in infant rats
b.
only in adolescent rats
c.
only in mature rats
d.
in rats of any age
All nerve cells and fibers that are NOT in the brain or spinal cord make up the ______ nervous system.
a.
central
b.
peripheral
c.
autonomic
d.
sympathetic
18.
The pea-sized gland that is located on the underside of the brain and is connected to the hypothalamus
is the ______ gland.
a.
adrenal
b.
pituitary
c.
pineal
d.
thyroid
19.
The founder of behaviorism, ______, challenged the concept of inheritance of behavioral traits.
a.
Darwin
b.
Mendel
c.
Watson
d.
Galton
20.
The mechanism proposed by Darwin in his theory of evolution stating that organisms best adapted to
their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics to their offspring, is called
______.
a.
behavior genetics
b.
random adaptation
c.
mutational transmosis
d.
natural selection
21.
22.
23.
The smallest change in stimulation that can be detected 50 percent of the time is called the ______
threshold.
a.
separation
b. difference
c.
response
d. absolute
24.
A young man enters a completely darkened room and lights a candle. Which of the following sequences
best represents the path of the candle's light as it enters his eye?
a.
cornea, pupil, lens, retina
b. pupil, cornea, lens, retina
c.
lens, cornea, pupil, retina
d. retina, pupil, lens, cornea
What cells in the retina are primarily responsible for night vision as opposed to day vision?
a.
rods
b. cones
c.
vitreous humor
d. bipolar cells
26.
The place in the retina where the axons of all the ganglion cells come together to leave the eye is called
the ______.
a.
fovea
b. optic chiasm
c.
blind spot
d. optic nerve
27.
28.
29.
About ______ of those over age 65 have completely lost their ability to smell.
a.
one-eighth
b. one-half
c.
one-quarter
d. one-third
30.
In Michigan, an outdoor temperature of 45 degrees feels cold in July but warm in January. This is an
example of ______.
a.
Fechner's Law
b. paradoxical heat
c.
psychophysical scaling
d. adaptation
31.
Visual distance and depth cues that require the use of only one eye are called ______ cues.
a.
monocular
b. binocular
c.
monaural
d. dichromatic
32.
c. emotions
2.
a. Wundt
3.
b. Titchener
4.
5.
a. Watson
6.
a. science
7.
d. usually allows for behavior that is more natural, varied, and spontaneous than in a laboratory
8.
9.
b. experimental
10.
d. representative
11.
d. dendrites
12.
c. myelinated axons
13.
d. fired
14.
b. hindbrain
15.
d. frontal
16.
17.
b. peripheral
18.
b. pituitary
19.
c. Watson
20.
d. natural selection
21.
b. receptor cell
22.
d. Both the difference threshold and the absolute threshold vary from person to person over time.
23.
b. difference
24.
25.
a. rods
26.
c. blind spot
d. hertz
28.
c. cochlea
29.
c. one-quarter
30.
d. adaptation
31.
a. monocular
32.
d. stereoscopic vision
33.
b. personality