2.1 General
The Contractor shall in any way propose the best-suited design and working methodology for what he
has selected for the Engineers approval.
2.2.1 Preparation of Equipment for Bathymetric Survey and Standard Penetration Tests
The Contractor shall keep at the Site and during the construction period, at least one set of equipment
and tools, machinery, vessels workers and technical stuff required for carrying out the bathymetric
survey and standard penetration test under the direction and supervision of the Engineer. Such survey
and test results shall be submitted in an agreed reporting format to the Engineer within a reasonable
period of time upon completion of the test. The bathymetric survey shall be conducted by a dualfrequency echo sounder (200 kHz and 30Hz).
TS2.0-1
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
based on Standard Penetration Test results and such levels having neither less density nor loose layer
thereunder shall be deemed as the foundation level and any materials above these levels shall be
removed completely by dredging.
The Contractor shall mobilize suitable dredgers capable of dredging any materials in the specified
dredging area so that uniformity of the specified dredged level can be obtained. Hard soil or rock may
exist in the dredging area with average SPT of value N=25 or more. The Contractor shall be responsible
for the dredging of any hard materials or rock he may encounter.
In the event where explosive is required for the dredging of such hard materials above mentioned, the
Contractor shall inform the Engineer thereof in writing asking for his direction and approval thereto.
(2) Dredging shall be completed in conformance to the depth as specified in the Drawings. Since soft
soils are deemed to be predominant in this area, the Contractor shall investigate and satisfy himself of
the nature of soils to be dredged and suitable equipment and method of dredging.
(3) The areas to be dredged are indicated on the Drawings or such other locations as the Engineer may
direct. The Contractor shall dredge these areas to the depths, slopes and berms as determined by the
methods set out in this Clause. Prior to dredging, the Contractor shall give notice in writing to the
Engineer.
TS2.0-2
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.2.5 Plants
The Contractor shall at all times during the progress of the dredging works, provide, operate and
maintain in proper working condition all necessary dredgers, hoppers barges, tugboats, moorings,
surveying and sounding instruments, and all plants, equipment, tools, implements, tackles, and all things
whatever necessary for the execution and completion of the dredging works.
The Contractor shall at all times maintain at the Site or have access to adequate stocks of fuel,
consumable stores and spare parts. The Contractor shall at all times ensure that the plant is kept in the
best possible state.
The Contractor shall pay particular attention to the maintenance of hopper doors and suspension
equipment, to ensure their always being in the best possible state.
Where necessary, the Contractor shall provide office accommodation, shelter or other adequate
provision for record keeping on board the dredgers and other crafts for such inspectors or other persons
as are appointed by the Engineer.
2.2.6 Survey and Check Boring
(1)
Survey
The Contractor shall perform following surveys by means of dual frequency echo sounder:
Pre-dredging Survey
The Contractor shall, before dredging and according to the schedule approved by the Engineer, carry out
the bathymetric survey over the dredging and vicinity areas and shall submit to the Engineer for his
approval the results of such surveys in the form of drawings.
The Contractor shall conduct bathymetric survey to confirm the dredged profile being in accordance with
the dredged cross sections. Inspection of the dredged contour shall be conducted immediately before
sand placement.
If the dredged profile dose not conform to the designed profile, the Contractor shall complete the profile
according to the instructions of the Engineer. Reinspection shall take place as directed by the Engineer if
the Contractor fails to place sand within an appropriate period after the initial inspection has been carried
out.
Post-dredging Survey
TS2.0-3
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
A similar survey, in the stages where appropriate, shall be carried out on completion of the dredging
works.
Aside from the above, inspection shall be conducted from time to time as the Engineer so directs for the
purposes of monthly payment and taking-over by the Employer.
Should any high spots, shallower than the specified depth, be found out at the time of final inspection,
the Contractor shall at his cost and responsibility rectify it until a final approval is obtained by the
Engineer
The Contractor shall provide equipment, vessels and workers as required for surveying and sounding for
the inspection of the dredged surface as required by the Engineer, and all expenses so incurred shall be
borne by the Contractor.
The Contractor shall make sure that no unsuitable soil material of lower than the relative density or
stiffness as specified in 2.2.3 nor fluid mud shall remain upon completion of dredging works.
(2)
Geological investigation, including boring at site and laboratory tests, of the replaced sand foundation
after filling of sand, to confirm the strength and uniformity of the foundation (5 boreholes, total length
150m, SPT, laboratory tests including bulk and dry density, specific gravity, grain size, etc.).
Check boring shall be done by a well-experienced, reliable, and reputable investigation company in Viet
Nam except by the investigation company (s) that have already participated in the investigation at the
Breakwater
The selection of the boreholes, investigation company, methods and equipment, methods of laboratory
tests and analysis and other conditions shall subject to the approval of the Engineer.
.
2.2.7 Control of Dredged Profiles
The base and side slopes shall be dredged to the dimension indicated on the Drawings. The specified
depth shall be attained at all points in the dredged areas. Over-dredging exceeding the specified depth
of water shall not entitle the Contractor to claims for additional payment, unless otherwise approved by
both the Employer and the Engineer. Dredging on the side slope shall be carried out carefully so as not
to exceed the designed slope. Over-dredging on the side slopes shall not be paid for, either.
Payment shall not be made for materials dredged outside the specified tolerances for depth and side
slopes, or for approved displacement sand base materials required to replace the over-dredged material.
The quantities to be measured for payment shall be based on the approved records of surveys made
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-4
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The Works in this Section consist of the furnishing and placing replacement sand, borrowing operation to
be carried out according to the Specifications and in reasonable close conformity with the lines, grades
and dimensions shown on the plans or as required by the Engineer.
2.3.2 Material
As for the Area, the formation, levels and slopes which relate to the material to be replaced are
indicated on the Drawings. The Contractor shall replace existing marine soft clay with sand as specified
below. The Contractor shall submit the sample and laboratory test result prior to the commencement of
the works.
TS2.0-5
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The sand shall be free from vegetation, roots, organic matter, logs or other materials which are
combustible or which can decay.
TS2.0-6
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TS2.0-7
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TS2.0-6
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.2 Material
2.4.2-1 Concrete
The concrete grade to be used are specified as shown in the Table 1.3.1-2-1.
2.4.2-2 Rocks
(1) Quality
Rocks to be used for the construction of the Works shall be granite, sound and durable, free from flaws
and soft, weathered or decomposed parts. Rocks that are laminated, fractured, porous or otherwise
physically weak will be rejected.
(2) Properties
The properties shall conform to the requirements in the Table 2.4.2-2-1.
Table 2.4.2-2-1 Quality of Rocks (JIS A 5006)
Item
Dimension
Quality
The ratio of the least lateral dimension
to the maximum length of each rock
measured at right angles shall not be greater
than 1:2
500 {4903.3 } min
5 max
2.7 to 2.5
TS2.0-7
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1)
Grade A
Grade A rocks shall be used for the construction of the mound body of the Breakwater.
The rocks shall be evenly graded 10 kg to 200 kg.
2)
Grade B
Grade B rocks shall be used for filling-up the gap of surface of mound so as to avoid leak of the
crown concrete which will be placed in situ.
The rocks shall be evenly graded 50 mm to 100mm.
3)
Grade C
Grade C rocks shall be used as 1.0 ton armour stones.
4)
Grade D
Grade D rock shall be used as 1.5 ton armour stones.
(4) Tests
The Contractor shall carry out all tests on rock samples required by the Engineer to assess its quality
and suitability for use in the works, the cost of which shall be borne by the Contractor.
(5) Supply
The Contractor shall make his own arrangements to secure sufficient supply of specified rocks for the
works. The quality of the rocks at a quarry shall be uniform to such an extent that the necessary rate of
delivery will not be adversely affected by testing and /or production delay.
Approval of the source of rock supply shall not be construed as relieving the Contractor of his obligations
to supply materials in the finished works which shall be in conformity with the requirements of this
Specification and the compliance therewith.
(6) Rock Sample Display
A bulk sample of 8 to 10 tons total weight, or such other size as the Engineer may determine, for each
type of graded rock shall be displayed in a prominent place for reference in assessing quality of rock
delivered to the Site.
The sample shall be first separated into various sizes and average length, breadth and height
determined for each size. The rock for each average size shall be weighed and its proportion of the
weight of the whole sample determined.
The various sizes shall then be re-mixed, placed on a level concrete pad and round with a label
indicating the rock grade prominently displayed. The grading by weight and by average size shall be
notified to the Engineer.
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-8
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TS2.0-9
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Grade A
Grade A leveling shall be applied, 50cm wider to the surface of Grade A rocks where the
concrete blocks and /or in-situ crown concrete will be placed.
The tolerance of work shall be 5.0cm.
(2)
Grade B
Grade B leveling shall be applied to the surface of Grade A rocks where the irregular
concrete blocks will be placed.
The tolerance of work shall be 30.0cm.
(3)
Grade C
Grade C leveling shall be applied to the surface of Grade C rocks.
The tolerance of work shall be 30.0cm.
(4)
Grade D
Grade D leveling shall be applied to the surface of Grade D rocks.
The tolerance of work shall be 30.0cm.
TS2.0-10
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2 tons ( Beehive type), 3 tons, and 4 tons (Stabick type) type of forms, subject to a written approval of
the Engineer. Concrete block yard shall be referred to 1.3.5.
TS2.0-11
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TS2.0-12
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.7-2.1 General
The Contractor may select, subject to the approval of the Engineer, a method of construction and
launching of concrete caissons to be used for the Breakwater.
The methods chosen shall be acceptable only if it can be shown that caissons of the specified quality
can be produced and placed in adequate numbers to meet the specified construction programme.
Approval of any method by the Engineer shall not relieve the Contractor any of his obligations under the
terms of the Contract.
2.4.7-2.2 Submission of Execution Plan
The Contractor shall present a statement, supplemented by drawings and calculations, of the methods of
construction, launching and placing caissons which he proposes to use.
The following items shall be included in the proposals:
(1)
(2)
Drawings and calculations related to caisson manufacturing yards, launching equipment and
means of placing.
(3)
(4)
Drawings to indicate proposed location of the caisson yard and all necessary approvals by
constituent authorities given in writing.
(5)
The proposal for construction of caisson building yard shall be set out on paper of A4 size (210 x 297
mm). Drawings to be attached shall be set out on paper of A3 size (297 mm x 420 mm). The proposal
shall be submitted in triplicate.
2.4.7-3 Construction of Caissons
2.4.7-3.1 General
Structure of caisson type is indicated on the Drawing. The Contractor shall submit for the Engineers
approval a programme and a method of construction of such a caisson.
2.4.7-3.2. Concrete Grade for Caisson
The concrete for caissons shall be Grade A in the Concrete Mix 1.3.1-2.1.
2.4.7-3.3. Grade of Steel Reinforcement
The steel bars to be used for reinforcement for caisson shall be SD 345 as specified in 1.2.2.
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-13
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
: 1.5m
: 3.0 m each
: 10.5 m
TS2.0-14
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Internal vibrators shall be used generally for compacting concrete. Form vibrators shall be used for thin
walls and the like when the use of internal vibrators may be restricted.
Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted immediately after being placed so that concrete can be fully
filled around reinforcement steel bars and in every corner of the form.
It is desirable that manual compaction by long bars is jointly applied with other method for production of
watertight concrete walls of caissons.
2.4.7-3.12. Joint in Concrete
At every construction joint laitance shall be removed and the concrete surface roughened, cleaned and
sufficiently moistened before the next lift or panel of concrete is cast against it. When necessary a bed of
mortar of the same proportions as the cement mortar for the concrete being cast and of a thickness to be
agreed with the Engineer shall be placed on the moistened surface of the set concrete to allow complete
bonding of new and old concrete.
2.4.7-3.13. Concrete in Hot Weather
At the concrete mixing plant, the aggregate shall be shaded from direct sunlight with appropriate covers.
The water tank shall be of such construction that the water temperature is maintained as low as
possible. Transport plant for the concrete shall be suitably protected not to allow evaporation of moisture
from concrete during transportation. In addition, form surfaces shall be thoroughly sprayed with water
prior to placing of concrete. The Contractor shall obtain approval of the Engineer for his measures for
controlling temperature and evaporation of water from concrete.
2.4.7-3.14. Removal of Forms
The Contractor shall obtain the approval of the Engineer regarding the timing and procedures for
removal of concreting forms.
2.4.7-3.15. Inspection of Arrangement of Reinforcement Bars
In each stage of the caisson construction process the Contractor shall not place concrete prior to the
Engineers inspection of the fixed reinforcement bar.
2.4.7-3.16. Tests on Caisson Concrete
Test on concrete used for caisson construction shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of
Clause 1.3.
The specified slumps shall be 12 cm 2.5 cm. The number of test samples shall be as directed by the
Engineer .
2.4.7-3.17. Tolerances in Construction of Caissons
Caissons shall be constructed within the following tolerances using a steel tape for measurement.
(1) Tolerance in wall thickness
: 01cm
TS2.0-15
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
: + 03 cm, - 01cm
: 01 cm
(4)
Deviation from verticality of walls measured at right angles to underside of caisson base shall be
not greater than 05 cm over the full height of wall.
(5)
Deviation in plane of cross wall measured at right angles to front face of caisson shall be
measured over the full width of caisson as follows.
External (end) walls not greater than 05 cm
Deposit Caisson
If the Contractor intends to temporarily deposit caissons and tow them to the designated
place for final setting, he shall submit for the Engineers approval such a method of works
expressing the proposed place and period of deposit, and means of floating, towing and
sinking.
(2)
TS2.0-16
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The lifting bar at the surface of the lower caisson shall be taken away be the gas cutting to receive upper
caisson.
2.4.7-3.23. Formwork for Concrete Caisson
The formwork for concreting of caisson shall conform to the specification Clause 3.2.2, Class F.3
Finish.
2.4.7-3.24. Surface Finish of the Caisson
The surface of the concrete caisson shall be finished conforming to the Specification 1.3.2-8, Type U-2
Wood Trowel Finish.
2.4.7.4
2.4.7-4.1. General
This section is related to the Breakwater caisson.
2.4.7-4.2. Steel Survey Platforms
The Contractor may provide and maintain three steel turret type survey platforms prior to
commencement of the marine survey works. He shall operation them as required by the Engineer and
remove them from the Site after completion of the Works.
The platform height shall be sufficient to allow for the depth of water as high tide plus an appropriate
allowance for waves.
Platforms shall be transported by a floating crane and fixed rigidly on the seabed and rigidity of the
platform.
The platform shall have a secure timber floor of minimum size 2 m x 2 m.
A ladder shall be furnished extending from low tide level to the platform. Navigation lighting shall be
provided, as required.
Survey platforms with piled foundations may be used instead of turret type platforms transferable by
floating crane if the Contractor is so desires. All survey platforms shall be relocated or removed by the
Contractor at any time upon direction by the Engineer.
2.4.7-4.3. Survey for Face Line of the Breakwater
After leveling of the graded rock base by divers, the Contractor shall survey the face line and shall
present the results to the Engineer for his approval, indicating the compacted zone relative to the face
line.
TS2.0-17
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Appropriate Reference Points for the line of the Breakwater shall be established on land. The Contractor
shall notify the Employer of the positions of survey platforms.
2.4.7-4.4. Leveling for Marine Construction
Prior to commencement of any marine construction work, the Contractor shall establish a benchmark
near the site of construction, referred to the Site Datum, and shall agree on the level of the B.M. with the
Engineer.
The Contractor shall install at least two tide gauges so that one gauge is visible from each survey
platform or survey point on land, and shall keep them in good condition during the construction period.
Their accuracy and any variation between gauges shall be checked at frequent intervals.
2.4.7-4.5. Installation of Caissons
Before installation of caissons, the Contractor shall prepare a plan on the method of installation, plant
and vessels to be used, number of workers and so forth, and shall apply to the Engineer for his
approval.
For the sinking, each caisson shall be filled with water evenly in each cell of the caisson, and the
difference in water level shall not exceed 1.0m.
At least two divers shall be provided for the installation of each of the caisson. Any obstruction at the
grounding area of the caisson shall be removed prior to the installation.
Following the installation of caisson, the Contractor shall conduct an observation to confirm whether
vibration is noticeable or not under the supervision of the Engineer. Should any vibration is encountered,
the Contractor shall rectify such defect at his own expense.
2.4.7-4.6. Tolerances of Installation
The required tolerances of installation of caisson shall be as follows.
(1) Space between caissons
(2)
(3)
: Maximum deviation
= 100 mm
TS2.0-18
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1)
Clean coarse sand shall be filled as specified in Clause 2.4.7-1. The sample of sand shall be
submitted to the Engineer for his approval.
2)
The sand shall be immediately filled upon installation of the caissons. The Contractor shall obtain
an approval of the Engineer on the method of the sand filling.
3)
Sand shall be filled evenly in each of the cell of the caissons, the difference of which level shall not
exceed 2.0 m.
Casting of mass or plain shall be made continuously up to the specified level in still water and free drop
of concrete shall in no way be approved. Should such concreting be obliged to suspend in the midst of
the operation, such concreting works cannot be resumed unless laitance has been removed completely.
Concrete casting shall be executed in such manner as will reduce the creation of laitance at its minimum
by attempting not to disturb the concrete while being cast. Further attention has to be paid so as not to
produce flow of water until finally hardened.
It is recommended to use tremie or concrete pump for casting operation. Concrete finish shall comply
with the requirements of the Finish Type U-1.
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for his approval a method of mass or plain casting prior to
start concreting.
2.4.7-4.8. Surveying of Caissons after Completion of Installation
It is anticipated that settlement will occur in each caisson to a limited extent causing slight forward
movement and tilting as construction work progress. The Contractor shall survey the following items
once a day from the date of installation of each caisson, plot the figures on graphs to a time base of
days, and submit them to the Engineer on the following day of survey.
Level survey of four corners of each caisson.
Survey of movement of the face line of each caisson (Observation of daily movement of both ends of
each caisson from the reference line).
2.4.7-4.9. Face Line of Crown Concrete
The shape of the crown concrete placed in-situ for each caisson shall be slightly changed to compensate
for the settlement and forward tilt. In particular the correction to the joint of the crown concrete with the
front face of caissons shall ensure that the face line of the Breakwater is finished straight. The details will
be directed by the Engineer. Crown concrete shall not be placed until caisson movement has ceased or
has decreased to a rate acceptable to the Engineer.
2.4.7-4.10. Formwork for Crown Concrete
The formworks of the crown concrete shall conform to the specification Clause 1.3.2-2 Class F.3 Finish.
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-19
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for his approval not later than four (4) weeks before the
commencement of formworks of crown concrete, detailed design on formworks, detailed design on
formworks covering the structures on the followings.
2.4.7-4.11. Grade of Crown Concrete
The crown concrete shall comply with Specification Grade B-1 in Table 1.3.1-2.1 Concrete Mix.
2.4.7-4.12. Surface Finish of Crown Concrete
The surface finish of the crown concrete shall comply with Clause 1.3.2-2 Type U.3 Steel Trowel Finish.
2.4.7-4.13. Expansion Joints in Crown Concrete
The joint filler to be used as for the expansion joint shall be of bituminous fibre of 20 mm thickness and
shall comply with Clause 1.3.1-14.
2.4.8
As indicated in Drawings, a part of wave dissipating concrete block 25T at tip Breakwater, all of irregular
concrete block 2T at port-ward side mound in Area A & B, and a light beacon on crown concrete at tip
Breakwater shall be removed carefully so as not to damage them for re-use as specified below.
1)
The removed wave dissipating concrete block 25T shall be removed and stocked tentatively in
work yard and transported and placed for superstructure in Area C Breakwater.
2)
The removed irregular concrete block 2T shall be removed and stocked tentatively in work yard
and transported and placed for amour concrete block for port-ward side mound in Area A to D
Breakwater.
3)
The removed light beacon shall be reinstalled at crown concrete on head caisson. Holes will be
drilled into crown concrete for inserting of anchor bolt, void space in holes shall be filled with mortar
or the specified materials in the same method in Phase 1 original, or as instructed by the
Engineer.
2.4.9
Pavement Work
This section deals with construction of pavement for Pavement of Area A, B and C and Approach
Road to the Breakwater.
2.4.9-1 Topographic Survey
The Contractor shall carry out the topographic survey to prepare topographic map to understand the
present land situation and elevation for area of Approach Road to the Breakwater. The Contractor shall
submit the detailed drawing of based on the above topographic map for an approval of the Engineer.
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-20
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.9.2
Earth Works
2.4.9.2.1
General
This Clause covers all earthworks including filling, banking, ground preparation, and backfilling, etc.
required for the permanent works of the Breakwater and Access Road to Breakwater.
The Contractor shall establish for himself accurate ground level by route survey carried out by him and
shall indicate such levels on the Drawings for the approval of the Engineer.
2.4.9.2.2
Earthwork Requirement
The Contractor shall select the most suitable equipment for excavation, filling, hauling, levelling,
compaction, etc. A list of these equipment showing types, capacities numbers and other information
shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
2.4.9.2.3
Borrow Pits
The Contractor shall make his arrangements for borrow pits, sand pit for sand replacement, when
necessary, and shall ascertain by conducting surveys , boring and tests that adequate supplies of
specified materials can be obtained for the works. The Contractor shall proposed for the Engineers
approval the locations for such borrow pits.
2.4.9-2.4
Quality of Fill
The materials to be used for filling works shall be a mixture of properly graded sand and gravel,
containing an appropriate amount of quality clay for bonding. The fill shall conform to at least A-2-7 or
higher in accordance with the US Public Road Classification.
Any material containing a deleterious amount of organic substances, pumice or mica shall not be used.
Fined sand of uniform grain, silt, bentonite, serpentine rock or humus soil shall not be used. The fill
materials must in all circumstances not contain any stones, gravel or other solid substances larger than
100mm in diameter.
2.4.9-2.5 Filling Work
The material form the borrow pits approved by the Engineer shall be spread and leveled in loose layers
not exceeding 300mm before compaction and consolidated with compacting machines approved by the
Engineer.
TS2.0-21
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The fill shall be compacted to 90% of the maximum dry density as determined by JIS A 1210 except for
fills to be used in hillsoil defined in 2.4.10-4.1 of the Specification.
In addition, the Contractor shall carry out proof rolling in the presence of the Engineer to check the
compaction of the fill. The fill shall be placed and compacted only when the weather allows it. Operations
shall be suspended if rain causes the fill to become too wet for proper compaction.
2.4.9-2.7 Excavation
(1) Excavation in General
All excavations for drains, services trenches, retaining walls, urban storm water drainage, etc. and
cutting in the planned Container Yard shall be carried out accurately to the levels, cross sections and
slopes shown on the Drawings.
Where the limits or excavation of cutting area is not indicated on the Drawings, the Contractor shall use
his own judgment and establish the limits of excavation or cutting for himself and shall indicate such
limits on his drawings for the approval of the Engineer.
All excavations shall be carried out in such a manner as will not disturb adjacent unexcavated ground.
The Contractor shall be held responsible for the safe operation of all excavations and damage to the
buried facilities, adjoining works and properties.
Unless otherwise specified in the Contract, all excavation works shall be carried out under dry condition.
If the Contractor excavates more material than called for on the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer,
he shall refill the area to the correct level or to the required level to be approved by the Engineer with
excavated material or similar equivalent materials at his own cost.
The state of the completed excavation shall be inspected and approved by the Engineer prior to the
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-22
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TS2.0-23
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
General
This Clause shall apply to all the paving works as pavement for Pavement Area A, B, and C on the
Breakwater and Approach Road to the Breakwawter.
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-24
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(2)
Setting Out
The Contractor shall properly set out positions of various surfaces and structures and establish benchmarks to indicate the levels of surface, all as necessary and approved by the Engineer. Such setting out
and Bench Marks shall be effectively protected until the pertinent works have been completed in a
manner to be approved by the Engineer.
Total
Thickness
(cm)
Asphalt
Concret
e
(AC)
(cm)
Asphalt
Treated Base
(ATB)
(cm)
Granular
Subbase
(CBR 30)
(cm)
30-thick
Compacted
Hillsoil
Strength
Granula
r Base
Course
(CBR
80)
(cm)
20
Pavement on
Breakwater
Approach Road
32
K98
62
30
30
2.4.9-4.2 Material
Where the pavement is provided on fill, the hillsoil fill material shall be as specified in 2.4.10-2.4 .
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-25
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.9-4.3 Compaction
The hillsoil fill material or the existing hillsoil soil shall be compacted to a dry density of not less than
95% of the maximum dry density as determined by JIS1210 at a moisture content1% of the optimum
moisture content. Compaction shall achieve CBR values not less than those shown in the Table 2.4.93.2.1 above.
Compaction shall be carried out by means of compaction equipment as approved by the Engineer to
ensure uniform compaction over the whole area. Where the required CBR value cannot be obtained, the
Contractor shall excavate to a depth as directed by the Engineer, refill with suitable materials and
compact to require density in layer of thickness approved by the Engineer.
Where suitable material cannot be obtained, the Contractor shall increase the total thickness of the
pavement to achieve the required stability at his own cost.
CBR tests shall be conducted once in every 1,000 m 2 for each compacted layer of soil and if the results
are unsatisfactory, two additional tests shall be conducted in the vicinity of the original site. If both tests
satisfy the Specification, the area represented by the tests shall be accepted. If either one or both of the
additional tests fail, then the Contractor shall carry out such remedial works as the Engineer may direct.
2.4.9-4.4 Finish
The hillsoil shall be finished to within 5 cm of the levels determined by subtracting the thickness of
pavement from the level of pavement surface indicated on the Drawings, after removing debris from the
surface of the hillsoil.
TS2.0-26
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.9-5.1 Preparations
All drains, manholes, kerbs, foundations of structures etc. adjacent to the pavement shall be completed
to the satisfaction of the Engineer before the subbase is laid. Small areas around the completed
structures shall be compacted by hand or power-operated hand rammer so that a density of not less
than 95% of the maximum dry density as stipulated in JIS A 1210 is achieved throughout.
Attention shall be paid to the compaction of filling material placed on each side of open drainage or
service trenches, etc. within a distance three times greater than their width, so that 100% of the
maximum density may be achieved throughout.
2.4.9-5.2 Material
The material for subbase with CBR>30 shall be of crushed-run material free from unsuitable materials
such as vegetable and deleterious substances and conforming to the requirements stated herein below
and JIS A 5001 standard. The subbase material shall be approved by the Engineer prior to its use in the
work.
Grading requirements for crusher-run material by nominal size are shown in Table 2.4.9-5.2.1. Crushed
stones not meeting the requirements may be used in combination with other aggregates, such as
crushed stones, sand or mineral fillers, provided that the combined grading complies with the
requirements.
2.4.9-5.3 Construction
The material for subbase shall be spread uniformly with such equipment as bulldozers, graders,
aggregate spreaders, etc. approved by the Engineer so as to obtain a maximum thickness of 200 mm for
one layer after compaction. Care shall be taken to prevent contamination by deleterious substances and
segregation of the material.
Immediately after each layer is spread and shaped satisfactorily, the layer shall be thoroughly compacted
with compaction equipment approved by the Engineer. Rolling operations shall begin at the lowest level
of cross section and progress towards the highest level.
Each layer shall be compacted to achieve a CBR 30 or higher and the dry density shall not be less than
95% of the Maximum Dry Density as determined by JIS A 1210 at a moisture content of 1% of the
optimum moisture content.
Subbase materials, which do not contain sufficient moisture in accordance with the requirements of this
Section, shall be sprinkled with water as directed by the Engineer. Subbase materials containing excess
moisture shall be performed by the methods approved by the Engineer.
During the construction of subbase, the Contractor shall ensure that the subbase already spread and
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Nominal
Size
(mm)
C-40
40 to 0
C-30
30 to 0
C-20
20 to 0
50m
m
100
2.5mm
5
to 25
5
to 30
10
to 35
Notes:
(1) The sieves in this Table correspond to the Standard Sieves designated in JIS Z 8801: 50.8mm,
38.1mm, 31.7 mm and 25.4 mm in that order.
(2) The plasticity index, PI, of the fraction of the subbase material passing the 0.4 mm sieve should not
be greater than 6 when tested in accordance with JIS A 1206 or equivalent standard.
(3) The maximum particle size should preferably be smaller than 50mm.
2.4.9-5.4 Finish
The finished subbase shall not vary more than 4 cm above or below the planned level of pavement
indicated on the Drawing, minus the total thickness of the surface (asphalt treated base and asphalt
concrete) and the granular base course. The subbase which doses not conform to the above
requirements shall be reworked, watered and thoroughly recompacted to conform to the Specifications.
At the junction of subbase layer of different thicknesses due to different pavement types, or where the
thickness has been changed by order of the Engineer, the bottom surface of such subbase shall be
formed by an even slope of 1:5.
TS2.0-28
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The material for the mechanically stabilized granular base course of CBR>80 shall be a mixture of one,
two or three aggregates, which include crusher-run with or without sand in a proper ratio, free from
unsuitable materials such as vegetables and deleterious matters, and conforming to the following
requirements and JIS A 5001.
The grading shall conform to the requirements of Table 2.4.9-6.1.1. The material shall be obtained as a
product of the stone crushers with the grading requirements or alternatively, two or three kinds of
aggregates shall be blended to produce a mechanically stable grading.
Desig
nation
Nominal
Size
(mm)
50
m
m
40
mm
M- 40
40 to
0
10
0
95
to
100
M - 30
30 to
0
100
95
to
100
M - 25
25 to
0
100
95
to
10
0
90
60
to
90
55
to 85
65
30
to
65
30
to
65
50
20
to
50
20
to
50
0.4
m
m
0.07
4
mm
10
to
30
10
to
30
10
to
30
2
to
10
2
to
10
2
to
10
Notes:
1) The sieves in this Table correspond to the Standard Sieves designated in JIS Z 8801: 50.8 mm,
38.1mm, 31.7 mm, 25.4 mm,19.1mm, 12.7 mm, 4,760, 2,380,1,190, 420and 74in that order.
2) The Plasticity Index, PI, determined by JIS A 1205 and JIS A1206 or equivalent standard of the
fraction of the base materials passing the 0.4mm sieve should not be greater than 4.
3) The maximum particle size of aggregates should be neither greater than 40 mm nor greater than one
half (1/2) of the finished thickness of a single construction layer.
TS2.0-29
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.9-6.3 Construction
After the materials are uniformly mixed, they shall be spread evenly and leveled to the specified level
and profile by means of motor grader, or an aggregate spreader or manually where such cannot be
used. The spreading and leveling shall be done in layers with uncompacted thickness of maximum of
15cm and the layers shall be nearly equal in thickness.
Care shall be taken to prevent segregation of materials. When directed by the Engineer, all segregated
materials shall be corrected, or removed and replaced with well-graded materials.
When the granular base course is spread contiguous to other completed works, extreme care shall be
exercised not to damage other completed works. Any damage of other completed works resulting from
careless or negligent construction methods by the Contractor shall warrant the removal and replacement
of said other completed works at the Contractors expense.
Immediately after each layer has been spread and shaped satisfactorily, the layer shall be thoroughly
compacted with suitable compaction equipment approved by the Engineer. Rolling operations shall begin
at the lowest level of the cross section and progress towards the highest level.
Each layer shall be compacted to achieve a CBR= 80 or higher and the dry density shall be not less than
95% of the Maximum Dry Density as determined by JIS A1210 at a moisture content 1% of the
optimum moisture content. JIS A1214 shall determine density of the compacted granular base course.
The base material which dose not contain sufficient moisture to be compacted in accordance with the
requirements of this Section shall be sprinkled with water as directed by the Engineer.
Base material containing excess moisture shall be dried prior to or during compaction. Drying of wet
material shall be performed by methods approved by the Engineer. Any irregularities which may develop
in the surface during or after construction shall be corrected by removing or loosening the surface and
adding materials as required.
2.4.9-6.4 Finish
The base shall be finished to 6 mm of the levels and profiles indicated on the Drawings. The base which
does not conform to the specified requirements, shall be reworked, watered and thoroughly rePACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-30
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TS2.0-31
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The asphalt emulsion of more than 60 days after manufacturing shall not be used. The Contractor shall
submit certificates of quality for both prime coat and tack coat for the approval of the Engineer prior to
their use.
2.4.9-8.3 Application
(1) Prime Coat
Prior to the application of prime coat, the surface of the granular base course shall be properly dried,
leveled and cleaned of loose stones, rubbish and other foreign materials. Where the surface of granular
base course is excessively dry, a small quantity of water shall be sprinkled over the entire surface prior
to coating. In this case, the bituminous material shall not be applied until the water on the surface of the
granular base course dries up.
A proper viscosity shall be given to the prime coat under normal temperature or by heating it if
necessary. The primer shall be sprayed evenly by means of distributors approved by the Engineer.
Where the amount of primer is not sufficient after penetration, additional amount of primer shall be
applied. Where the primer has been applied in excess, an appropriate amount of sand shall be spread
over to absorb the excess.
When vehicles are allowed on the coated base due to unavoidable reasons after the spraying of the
primer, a layer of coarse sand shall be spread over the surface for protection. Any prime coat damaged
by the traffic shall forthwith be made good by spraying another coat.
Any loose sand on the primer shall be completely removed prior to the paving of the base.
The application of prime coat shall be stopped immediately when it rains. The portion of prime coat
affected by the rain shall be made good with another coat as directed by the Engineer.
(2) Tack Coat
Prior to the application of tack coat, the surface of asphalt treated base shall be dried and swept
PACKAGE 1 CIVIL WORKS FOR TIEN SA PORT
TS2.0-32
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
thoroughly and cleaned of all loose dirt and other foreign materials. In applying, attention shall be paid to
the proper temperature of tack coat, and the specified amount of tack coat shall be sprayed uniformly
with distributors or sprayers approved by the Engineer. The amount of tack coat exceeding the special
amount shall, if considered to be deleterious, be removed as directed by the Engineer and the affected
portion of the asphalt treated base shall be given another coat.
The tack coat shall be protected from damage in a manner approved by the Engineer until it is
completely cured and stabilized. Application of tack coat shall be stopped immediately when it rains. Any
tack coat damaged by traffic shall be made good by spraying another coat as directed by the Engineer.
TS2.0-33
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
or grade.
In storing aggregates, necessary measures shall be taken to minimize segregation and intermixing of
deleterious materials. The Contractor shall also provide adequate drainage of the entire storage area.
Fine aggregates containing fine particles shall be covered with a tarpaulin, etc., for protection from
rainwater. Fillers shall be stored at the place of low humidity and shall be issued in the order of delivery.
Fillers in bags shall be stored in a warehouse with floors raised at least 30cm above the ground.
Max. Particle
Size (mm)
Coarse Graded
Asphalt Concrete
Dense Grade
Asphalt Concrete
20
13
20
Weight
Percent
Passing
Sieve
25
20
13
5
2.5
0.6
0.3
0.15
0.0715
100
95-100
70-90
35-55
20-35
11-23
5-16
4-12
2-7
100
95-100
75-90
45-65
35-50
18-30
10-21
6-16
4-8
100
95-100
55-70
35-50
18-30
10-21
6-16
4-8
Open Graded
Asphalt Concrete
13
100
95-100
23-45
15-30
8-20
4-15
4-10
2-7
Prior to the manufacture of hot asphalt mixture, the Contractor shall make a laboratory mix design
according to standard Marshall Methods as specified in ASTM D15596-89 and shown in the Table 2.4.99.3.2. In laboratory mix design, the amount of asphalt shall be determined so as to prevent rutting of the
pavement especially in the Container Yard. The method and mix proportion of the laboratory shall be
approved by the Engineer.
TS2.0-34
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
AC I
Surface
50
AC II
Surface
75
AC III
Base
50
AC IV
Base
75
4.9
8.8
4.9
8.8
20 - 40
20 - 40
15 - 40
15 40
3-5
2-5
3-6
36
75 - 85
75 - 85
65 - 80
65 - 85
Remarks: Where the number of blows is 75, it shall be applied to the cases that the contact pressure of
design load of tire is equal to or more than 70 N/cm2, or when rutting effect is expected due to heavy
traffic.
TS2.0-35
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
mixer is used, aggregates and fillers shall be placed and mixed in the mixer for five seconds or more and
then asphalt shall be poured into the mixer and mixing shall continue for more than 30 seconds until the
uniform mixture is obtained.
The mixing time for batch mixer shall be determined after trial mixing in consultation with the Engineer.
The standard temperature of mixture when discharged from the mixer shall be determined in
consultation with the Engineer. The variation shall be limited to within 25 of the approved
temperature.
TS2.0-36
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Hauling the mixture over the materials already placed shall not be permitted until the materials are
thoroughly compacted as specified and allowed to cool to an atmospheric temperature.
Upon arrival, the mixture shall be dumped into an approved bituminous paver and immediately spread to
full width required and struck off in a uniform layer of such depth that, when work is completed, it will
have required thickness and will conform to specified grade and surface contour required.
Paver spreading shall be regulated to eliminate pulling and tearing of bituminous material. The mixture
shall be placed in strips not less than 3 meters wide. To ensure drainage, spreading shall begin along the
pavement centerline on a crowned section or on high side of pavement.
After the first strip of width is compacted, the second width shall be placed, finished and compacted in
the same manner as the first width. After the second strip is placed and rolled, 5-meter straight edge
shall be placed across the longitudinal joint approved by the Engineer, to determine if the surface
conforms to the specified grade and contour requirements. Where the new pavement joints the
pavement of existing road, the asphalt mixture shall be so placed and spread as to form a slope of less
than 5%.
TS2.0-37
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.9-9.10 Joints
The mixture at joints shall comply with the surface requirements and present same uniformity of texture,
density smoothness, etc. as other course sections. For transverse joints, placing of course shall be as
continuous as possible and rollers shall not pass over the unprotected end of freshly laid mixtures,
except when discontinuing the work. Transverse joints of granular base course shall be separated by at
least 1m from the transverse joints of granular base course.
For longitudinal joints, placing of course shall be as specified in such manner that joints are exposed for
the shortest period possible. The longitudinal joints shall be positioned not closer than 25cm from any
such joints in the surfaces of base, binder or other course immediately below the surfacing course. The
position of transverse and longitudinal joints shall be approved by the Engineer.
TS2.0-38
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
All sections of the newly finished work shall be protected from traffic of any kind until the mixture has
cooled to 500C. Traffic shall not normally be permitted on the newly laid surface within 6 hours after
completion of the pavement.
2.4.9-9.14 Tolerance
The tolerance for all geometrical properties of pavement shall be as shown in the Table 2.4.9-9.14.1. For
the thickness of each pavement component, the average of 10 measured values shall be within the limits
shown in the bracket in the same Table.
The pavement shall be inspected for flatness with a legged direct-reading flatness meter or a profile
meter approved by the Engineer.
Table 2.4.9-9.14.1 Frequency of Inspection and Tolerance
for Each Geometrical Properties of Finished Pavement
Pavement
Component
Subbase
Mechanically
Stabilized Base
Binder
Hot
and
Asphalt
Surface
Mix
Quality
Frequency of Inspection
Grade
Thickness
Width
Thickness
Width
Thickness of Surface
Thicknessof Binder
Width
Evenness
every 20m
every20m
every 40m
every 20m
every 100m
every 1,000m2
every 1,000m2
every 100m
throughout the length of
every lane
Tolerance
4cm
-4.5cm(-1.5cm)
-5cm
-2.5cm(-0.8cm)
-5cm
-0.7cm(-0.2cm)
-0.9cm(-0.3cm)
-2.5cm
6.0mm or less
TS2.0-39
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.11.1
Bollard
The Contractor shall submit the detailed drawing of 35 bollard including anchor bolt to be embedded into
crown concrete, detailed size of the bollard and material requirements, and the detailed design
calculation of lifting hook in accordance with Japanese Standard for an approval of the Engineer.
2.4.11.2
The Contractor shall submit the detailed drawing of big size tire or heavy used truck including
connecting chain and its anchor bolts to be embedded into crown concrete, for an approval of the
Engineer.
2.4.11.3
Step
Concrete steps shall be constructed as indicated in Drawing. The Contractor shall submit the detailed
drawing of formwork plan, and detailed bar arrangement for steps for an approval of the Engineer.
2.4.11.4
Concrete kerb
Concrete kerb shall be constructed as indicated in Drawing. The surface of concrete shall be painted
in tiger pattern paint (yellow and black colours),
Reforcing ar grade: SD 345
Concrete grade: Grade A
Formwork grade: Class F2
Surface Finish: Type U3
2.4.12
It is anticipated that new berth will be constructed in Phase-2 Project. A part of sand replacement and
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TS2.0-40
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
rock mound of the new berth, where intersects with the planned breakwater shall be carried out in this
work as specified in Drawing.
TS2.0-41