INSTALACIONES-2
DEPARTAMENTO DE CONSTRUCCIONES ARQUITECTNICAS
CURSO 08-09
TEMA 8.INTRODUCCIN A LA
ARQUITECTURA BIOCLIMTICA
4 C
Profesor: Julin Domene Garca
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Diapositiva 2
INTRODUCCIN
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Diapositiva 3
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Diapositiva 4
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Diapositiva 5
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Diapositiva 6
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Diapositiva 7
utilicen
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Diapositiva 8
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Diapositiva 9
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Diapositiva 10
ARQUITECTURA AUTCTONA
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Diapositiva 11
ZONA FRIA
En los climas fros, las prdidas por conveccin son muy elevadas
debido a las bajas temperaturas exteriores, por lo que debe:
1.
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Diapositiva 12
ZONA FRIA
aislamiento trmico
2.
3.
4.
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Diapositiva 13
Formas compactas
Protecciones
mviles
que
permitan
la
captacin solar
Edificios semienterrados
Edificacin compacta
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Diapositiva 14
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Diapositiva 15
Se construyan edificios
transferencias trmicas
que
retarden
las
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Diapositiva 16
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Diapositiva 17
Arquitectura masiva
con mucha inercia
Construccin
aprovechando
terreno
la
subterrnea
inercia del
Acabados
claros
para reflejar la luz y
la radiacin solar
Edificacin
compacta
protegida de los vientos
diurnos
Fuentes y vegetacin
evaporativo
para
provocar
enfriamiento
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Diapositiva 18
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Diapositiva 19
Construcciones con
celosas, enrejados.
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Diapositiva 20
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Diapositiva 21
ZONA TEMPLADA
Los climas templados presentan, variaciones climticas ms
suaves pero opuestas entre las distintas pocas del ao, ya
que precisan las captaciones solares para aumentar la
temperatura interior en condiciones de invierno, pero al
tiempo exige el rechazo de las captaciones en verano, por lo
que hay que considerar caractersticas arquitectnicas
variables a lo largo del ao.
Se puede decir que, la influencia del clima en la arquitectura
de estas zonas es menos importante, que en el resto de las
zonas climticas descritas anteriormente, y que su
arquitectura, participa de las premisas vlidas para las
regiones fras y para las de las regiones clidas, no obstante
podemos citar entre las invariantes arquitectnicas de las
zonas templadas tenemos:
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Diapositiva 22
ZONA TEMPLADA
las
invariantes
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Diapositiva 23
Precisa ventilacin,
protege de ella
pero
se
Precisa radiacin,
protege de ella
pero
se
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Diapositiva 24
LA ARQUITECTURA BIOCLIMTICA Y LA
ENERGA
Aunque el control de la energa es el nico objetivo de la
arquitectura bioclimtica, gran parte de los efectos negativos
generados por las construcciones y la accin del hombre,
provienen de la contaminacin generada por el consumo de
energa dentro de los edificios.
Por ello, se identifica con facilidad la arquitectura bioclimtica
exclusivamente con los edificios de bajo consumo energtico.
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Diapositiva 25
LA ARQUITECTURA BIOCLIMTICA Y LA
ENERGA
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Diapositiva 26
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Diapositiva 27
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Diapositiva 28
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Diapositiva 29
AISLANTE TRMICO
Las transferencias de calor son directamente proporcionales a la
resistencia trmica total (R), e inversamente proporcional a la
transmitacia (U) .
Por ello un cerramiento con un U = 3 pierde tres veces ms
rpido que uno de U = 1 y este a su vez el doble de rpido que
uno de 0,5. Esto significa que al cabo de un ao el edificio con
los cerramientos con U=3, consume 6 veces ms energa que
otro con cerramiento con U = 0,5.
Por lo tanto podremos alcanzar resistencias trmicas
elevadas:
Con grandes espesores de capas realizadas
materiales poco aislantes, con conductividad alta
con
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Diapositiva 30
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Diapositiva 31
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Diapositiva 32
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Diapositiva 33
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