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Ans 1: Social change refers to an alteration in the social order of a society. Social
change may include changes in nature, social institutions, social behaviours, or
social relations.
Social change may refer to the notion of social progress or sociocultural evolution,
the philosophical idea that society moves forward by dialectical or evolutionary
means. It may refer to a paradigmatic change in the socio-economic structure, for
instance a shift away from feudalism and towards capitalism. Accordingly, it may
also refer to social revolution, such as the Socialist revolution presented in Marxism,
or to other social movements, such as Women's suffrage or the Civil rights
movement. Social change may be driven by cultural, religious, economic, scientific
or technological forces. Developmental psychology can play a role in social change.

The role of education as an agent or instrument of social change and social development is
widely recognized today. Social change may take place when humans need change. When the
existing social system or network of social institutions fails to meet the existing human needs
and when new materials suggest better ways of meeting human needs.
According to Maclver social change takes place as a response to many types of changes that take
place in the social and nonsocial environment. Education can initiate social changes by bringing
about a change in outlook and attitude of man.
It can bring about a change in the pattern of social relationships and thereby it may cause social
changes.
The relationship between education and social change takes a dual form-education as an
instrument and education as a product.
This implies that education as an instrument is used as a means for bringing about desired
changes in the society and in the later case changes in the educational structure follows as a
consequence of changes which have already taken place in the society.
There are three types of relationship between education and social change which are as follows:
1. Education as a Necessary Condition of Social Change.
Historical experience of advanced countries has shown that for any social revolution education is
the pre-condition. Illiterates remain satisfied with their existing conditions and feel that they are
destined to be what they are.
They never bother to exert to bring change in their present social and economic conditions. They
are guided by orthodoxy, traditions and fate rather than by rationality in their actions. Education
helps people to make them rational in their thinking and approach.
2. Education as an Outcome of Social Change

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There is inter-dependent relationship between education and social change. On the one hand it
brings change in social conditions. On the other hand it is influenced by social change, which
means social change helps spreading education.
Education follows social change. It has its place before and after social change First come social
changes and then teaching process is changed according to those social changes. Education
system changes according to the needs of society.
3. Education as an Instrument of Social Change
Education as an instrument of social change means how education helps people to bring social
change. Education changes the outlook and the tradition approach towards social and economic
problems. It sharpens the skills and knowledge of the children.
Technical education helps in the process of industrialization which results in vast changes in
society. Education not only preserves the cultural traditions i.e., customs, traditions and values
etc. of the society but also transmits them to the next generation.
It also motivates the children to adopt new pattern in order to remain dynamic and forward
looking. Education fulfils the needs of the society and propagates such ideas which promote
social changes in all fields of life.
Ans 2: Swami Vivekananda was not only a social reformer, but also the educator, a
great Vedantas, patriot prophet of India, born at Calcutta in 1863, who sought to
modernize the nation of its social and cultural harmony. His contribution to the
awakening of modern India is critique in its kind and quality. If education is viewed
as the most powerful instrument of social change, his contribution to educational
thought is of paramount importance. He defines education as the manifestation of
perfection that is already in man.

According to him education is a continuous process; it should cover all

aspects of life - physical, material, intellectual, emotional, moral, and spiritual. His
attitude towards modernization is that the masses should be educated before
anything else is done. He wanted to remove from India four major evils, via; 1)
priest-craft, 2) poverty 3) ignorance 4) tyranny of the wise. He tried to make the
people of India understood that political and social strength should have their
foundations on cultural strength. He has a true vision of philosophy of education in
India in its cultural context.
His educational thought has very great significance today because modern
education has lost much of its connection with the values of human life. Therefore,
he suggested that education should not be for stuffing some facts into the brain, but
should aim at reforming the human mind. True education to him, was not for the
carrier, but for the contribution to the nation. The great religious saint and social
reformer died in 1902 when he was just 39 years. He is no more but he will be

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remembered for ever on this earth. His missions and his preaching are will continue
inspiring the coming generations.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
The ultimate aim of all education and all training, according to Swami
Vivekananda, is man-making and also he recommends the following major aims of
education.
1.

CREATION OF SELF CONFIDENCE AND SELF REALIZATION:

Man has an immortal soul which is the treasure house of infinite

power. Man should, therefore, have full confidence in himself and strive to reach the
highest goal of his life, self-confidence leads to self - realization. In Swamijis own
words: Faith in us and faith in God this is the secret of greatness. Education of
the right type should aim at removing the veil ignorance from our mind and make
us understand that what actually we are.
2. FORMATION OF CHARACTER
Character is the aggregate of a Mans tendencies, the sum total of
the bent of his mind. We are what our thoughts have made us. It is, therefore, that
education should aim at sublimating the evil tendencies of our mind. Swamiji said,
We want that education, by which character is formed, strength of mind is
increased, intellect is expanded and by which one can stand on ones on feet.
Education must build up character and manifest our real nature.
3. SERVICE OF MIND
Another important aim of education is serving the God in man. It is the God
in the sick, the poor, the miserable, the ignorant and the down trodden what we
should worship. In Swamijis own words, if you want to find god, serve man. He
was pained to see the wretched poverty of his countrymen. He, therefore, wanted
that education must enable everyone to stand on his own feet and satisfy his own
primary needs.
4.

PROMOTION OF UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD

Swami Vivekanandas love for mankind knew no geographical boundaries.

He always pleaded for the harmony and good relationship of all nations. He said,
through education, we should gradually reach the idea of universal brotherhood by
flinging down the walls of separation and inequality. In every man, in every animal,
however weak or miserable, great or small, resides the same omnipresent and
omniscient soul. The difference is not in the soul, but in manifestation. He insisted
the education must call forth this power in every person and broaden it to such an
extent that it may cover the whole world.

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Ans 3 b): Education is the basic human need, and essential for a decent living and moral life. Without education
the human society would be uncivilized and useless hum grouping, without any social, political, religious, and
physical developments. Before discussing the relationship between philosophy and education first we would
understand and what is education and then philosophy.

Definitions of Education Education has been defined by various scholars according to their cultural and
social set ups. The few definitions are as follows:
Plato says, education is to develop physically and mentally a human being, in such a way that his / her
potentialities could be realized.
Aristotle says, education is the process though which a sound mind is developed in a sound body.
According to Dewey education is the process to develop all the capabilities of a person as he/she could control
his/her environment and fulfill his / her duties.

Definition of Philosophy
There is no exact definition of philosophy, but in general sense philosophy is considered as: The love for
wisdom, Relational approach to any phenomenon and To seek justification of something through rational
interpretation.
Philosophy and education are two different fields of studies but they are closely linked together, because without any
rational thinking prior to education, the whole educational process is directionless.
1.

2.

Aims & Objectives Education in every society is directed for specific aims and objectives. That
aims and objectives are set by a philosophical approach.
Methods & Curriculum Every educational system is based upon specific teaching
methodologies and the curriculum. What should be the teaching methodology? And what kind of
teacher should be? And what kind of curriculum be taught to the students? All the answers are given by
philosophy. So education is dependent on philosophy for guidance in various of areas.

Ans 3 a):

Indoctrination (Propaganda)

Education

1. Uses generalizations, "allness"

statements: Lacks specific references
and data.

1. Uses qualifiers: Statements supported

with specific references and data.

2. One sided: Different or opposing views

are either ignored, misrepresented,
underrepresented, or denigrated.

2. Circumspect and multifaceted: Issues

examined from many points of view.
Opposition fairly represented.

3. Card stacking: Data carefully selected to

present only the best or worst possible
case. Language used to conceal.

3. Balanced: Presents representative

samples from a wide range of available
data on the subject. Language used to

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reveal.

4. Misleading use of statistics.

4. Statistical references qualified with

respect to size, duration, criteria,
controls source, and subsidizer.

5. Lumpism: Ignores distinctions and

subtle differences. Lumps superficially
similar elements together. Reasons by
analogy.

5. Discrimination: Points out differences

and subtle distinctions. Uses analogies
carefully, pointing out differences and
nonapplicability.

Ans 3 f): Education and society both are inter-related or inter-dependent because
both mutually influence each other i.e. complimentary. Without education how we
can build an ideal society and without society how can we organize education
system systematically that means both are needed to understand. Education helps
individuals to learn how to live, how to behave, how to organize everything in their
lives so it is an agent which brings change in society or we can say in one line
Education is a social change agent. Let us describe the influence of society on
education.
1) Influence of social structure and ideals.
2) Influence of political condition.
3) Influence of Economic condition.
4) Influence of Religious Condition.
5) Influence of social Thought.
To sum up, society provides a platform for education or contributes a lot in the
education
system.
Education plays a very important role in moulding the character of an individual. It
is one of the concrete sources from which one get information and knowledge. It
affects the society. We can make sense of its effective role from the following points.
Ans 4: We all want a job that pays us in handsome salary every month. But we are
not ready to see the ground reality of our education system that how come it is
going to help you in getting a job that could pay you in six figures.

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With my own experience, I have jot down some fundamental problems with
education system in our country.
1. Education System Promotes Rat Race
Our education system basically promotes rat race among our children. They have to
read and mug-up entire text book without any understanding of it. So a student who
scores 90 out of 100 and comes first actually remains a rat. I mean to say he or she
does not have any analytical skills that a child must have.
2. No Critical Analysis, only Following the Establishment
Our children are not able to do critical analysis of anything, for example our history,
culture and religion. They take the line of establishment or the views of predominant
majority.
They are simply not able to look things from their own perspective. If you want a
society should become a lot better than we must develop a culture of looking at
things critically.
We are simply failing at this because of our education system. Children must learn
to criticize our own culture and other established narratives.
3. Teachers Themselves are Not Trained and Efficient
To make things worse, our teachers themselves are not sufficiently trained to teach
kids. They do not have proper training that how they are going to impart values in
children that are going to change the future of the country.
If they can teach properly then the government does not have enough salary to pay.
Hence, to improve our education system teachers should be better trained and
more importantly better paid.
You cannot imagine a country without respecting teachers.
4. Medium of Language of our Education System
This is also a big problem that needs to be addressed. We are not able to decide on
the medium of language of our education system.
Still emphasize is given on English where majority of children cannot understand the
language. So how does they are going to understand what teachers are teaching.
Moreover, subjects like mathematics, physics and arts have nothing to do with the
medium of communication. Hence, over-emphasis on English could be wrong.
5. Education Given is Irrelevant to Job-Market

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This is perhaps the most apparent failure of our education system that after
completing graduation in any discipline students are not able to get jobs.
It is simply because skills that are required in a job market are simply not present in
a fresh graduate. All that a student is taught in his entire school and college life is
almost redundant for job markets.
Skill that is required by them is not taught in schools and colleges. Hence our
education system is needed to be revamped and must be designed according to our
economic policies.
6. Missing Innovation & Creation because Only Aping West
If we talk about the privileged children in India then even they are not able to
innovate and create new things. Although they have everything that a child need
but still they lack something in them.
What they are doing is only aping western culture and not being able to do
something new. On the one hand children are not able to go to schools and on other
hand, if they are going then are not able to innovate or solve the problems that the
country is facing.
Hence, this is yet another fundamental problem with our education system.
7. Gross Failure of Our Education System to End Social Disparity
The last but not the least failure of our education system is after so many years it
has not being able to reduce social disparity in our country. In fact, social disparity
has gone up.
It is such a shame that education itself has become a tool for creating divisions. A
child of a rich parent would get good education and a child of poor parent cannot
afford even a basic education.
Government should intervene and make education its prime responsibility.
Conclusion
Finally, I would say we spend only few percent of our GDP on education, so our
government should make education its first priority and try to address issues those
are mentioned in this blog.
If government is able to take note of these 10 problems then we can definitely
overhaul our education system.