THE USE OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN THE DRAMA

THE GLASS MENAGERIE

A THESIS
Submitted to the Faculty of Letters, Hasanuddin University
in Partial Fulfillment for the Acquisition of Sarjana Sastra Degree
in the English Department
By
HILDA SYLVIA AHMAD
F21108258

MAKASSAR
2012

This thesis is dedicated to my

beloved parents
(Alm)
Rusin

Drs.

H.

Ahmad

and
Linda Mayarisanti

UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN
FAKULTAS SASTRA
JURUSAN SASTRA INGGRIS

Sesuai dengan surat tugas Dekan Fakultas Sastra Universitas Hasanuddin

nomor: 333/H4.10.1/PP.27/2012 tanggal 25 Januari 2012. Kami menyatakan
menerima dan menyetujui skripsi ini untuk dirumuskan ke panitia ujian skripsi
Jurusan Sastra Inggris Fakultas Sastra Universitas Hasanuddin.
Makassar,
Konsultan I

April 2012

Konsultan II

Prof. Dr.Hamzah A Machmoed, M.A

Drs. Simon Sitoto, M.A

NIP.194409271978031001

NIP. 196110221989031003
Menyetujui
a.n. Dekan

Ketua Jurusan Sastra Inggris

Drs. Husain Hasyim, M.Hum

NIP. 1961 1028 1987 03 1003
3

FAKULTAS SASTRA
UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN

Pada hari Senin Tanggal 09 April 2012, Panitia Ujian Skripsi menerima
dengan baik skripsi yang berjudul:
THE USE OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT IN THE DRAMA THE GLASS
MENAGERIE
Yang diajukan dalam rangka memenuhi salah satu syarat ujian guna
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sastra, Jurusan Sastra Inggris pada Fakultas Sastra
Universitas Hasanuddin.
Makassar, 09 April 2012
Panitia Ujian Skripsi:
1. Prof. Dr. Hamzah A. Machmoed, M.A Ketua

2. Drs. Simon Sitoto , M.A

Sekretaris

3. Drs. Husain Hasyim, M.Hum

Penguji I

4. Dra. Fransisca E. Kapoyos, M.Hum

Penguji II

5. Prof. Dr. Hamzah A. Machmoed, M.A Konsultan I

6. Drs. Simon Sitoto , MA

Konsultan II

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the most merciful and the most gracious, the writer
would like to extend a deepest gratitude to Allah SWT from whom the writer gets
strength, health and guidance during her studies in the faculty of letters of
Hasanuddin University.
The Writer realizes that this thesis is still far away from the word of Perfect,
because there are still a number of mistakes and deficiency in making this thesis.
However the writer hopes that this thesis be able to contribute in English teaching and
learning process especially in the subject of Semantic.
Here, the writer would like to take this opportunity to say a highly thanks to
all people surrounds who make many valuable contributions in making this thesis:

1. The writer expresses her deepest thanks and appreciation to her beloved
parents: (Alm) Drs. H. Ahmad Rusin and Linda Mayarisanti for their love
and prays in every single thing, for their supporting and trusting her in every
step I choose. Also, for my lovely brother Fachrul Ahmad and his wife
Nuraeni and of course my beloved little angel Muh. Raffa Raditya. Thanks
for always supporting and helping me every time.
2. Thanks for my Big family like my aunt Jenny St. Rachma and his husband
(Alm) Zainal Abidin Dg. Marolla for your support. Both of you like parents
for the writer herself. Also, for their children A.Yuliana ZA, A. Erty

Nathalia and husband Anwar Hakim, A. Catherine Maharani and husband

Herman Muddin. Thanks for treat me like a sister itself. And moreover, for
my uncle Sonny Arisandy and his wife Monica M. Tandra for supported me
paid my tuition and anything you had done for me.
3. The writer also would like to say thanks for her first and second consultants:
Prof.Dr. Hamzah Machmoed, M.A and Drs. Simon Sitoto, M.A for their
valuable ideas, suggestion, correction, critique, guidance and remarkable
patience in completion this thesis.
4. The writer expresses her deepest appreciation and unlimited thanks for her
examiners: Drs. Husain Hasyim, M.Hum and Dra. Fransisca E. Kapoyos,
M.Hum for the inputs in finishing this writing.
5. High appreciation are extended to Prof Drs. Burhanuddin Arafah, M.Hum .
PhD as the dean of Faculty of Letters and for all Lecturer of English
Department for their unlimited knowledge. Moreover, for all administration
and Library staff Hasanuddin University.
6. Deepest thanks to writers best friends forever Nur Melansari, Monita
Indayarti, Rezky Restiana Rahmah, Musfirah , (Alm) Masdyanto and
Ade Islamiah for their memorable friendships. The Writer always misses you
all.
7. Thanks for Grotesque 08 for their togetherness. Also, for my beloved senior
and junior in English Department and EDDS especially: Ronald Daniel ,
Matlail Fajarianto , Andika Fachrozy Muhadi Andi Mauraga Jamruk ,
and Arjunawati thanks for treat me like your sister.

8. Special Thanks for EBSFMUNHAS Crew, especially for my beloved brother

and sister: Bamz Ardiansyah ,Nashinda Seagita , Ijmalizzah, Muh. Hasrul
Hamsyar Hamka S.S , Paramita Maya Dewi , Indah Ashari S.PI ,
Rachmat Muadil , Syaifullah Hajir, Asmiaty, Ramlawati DJ, Rizky
Amaliah, Nabilah Masyari and for all crew that the writer cant mention all.
All of you must remember the tagline Full of Creativity, Innovations and
Obsession.
9. The writer deepest thanks to my beloved brother Ageng Pudyasmoro for
your support and patience has a sister like me.
Nobody can afford something to perfection on his own. Criticism and suggestion
of any sort toward a better form of this thesis is welcomed.

Makassar,

2012

The Writer

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FRONT PIECE.......................................................................................................................
i
DEDICATION .......................................................................................................................
ii
OFFICIAL ENDORSEMENT .............................................................................................
iii
CONSULTANTS ENDORSEMENT....................................................................................
iv
EXAMINERS ENDORSEMENT.........................................................................................
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.....................................................................................................
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................
xi
ABSTRAK...............................................................................................................................
xii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................
1
1.1
1.2
1.3

Background
.................................................................................................................
1
Identification of Problem
.................................................................................................................
2
Scope of Problem

1.4
1.5
1.6

.................................................................................................................
2
Research Question
.................................................................................................................
3
Objectives of Problem
.................................................................................................................
3
Significance of Writing
.................................................................................................................
3

CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND............................................................

4
2.1

Previous Study
.......................................................................................................................
4
2.2
Theory of Pragmatics
.......................................................................................................................
4
2.3
Speech Act
.......................................................................................................................
5
2.4
Illocutionary Act
.......................................................................................................................
7
2.4.1 Classification of Illocutionary Acts
.....................................................................................................
8
2.4.2 Types of Illocutionary Acts
.....................................................................................................
9
2.4.3 Sentence type in Illocutionary Act
.....................................................................................................
10
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY....................................................................................
12
3.1

Method of Collecting Data

.......................................................................................................................
12
3.2
Population and Sample
3.2.1 Population
.....................................................................................................
12
3.2.2 Sample
.....................................................................................................
13
3.3
Source of Data
.......................................................................................................................
13
3.4
Method of Analyzing Data
.......................................................................................................................
13

CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA........................................

14
4.1 A short description about The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams
.......................................................................................................................
14
4.2
Presentation
and
analysis
of
data
.......................................................................................................................
16

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION........................................................

39
5.1 Conclusion
.............................................................................................................................
39
5.2 Suggestion
.............................................................................................................................
40

10

BIBLIOGRAPHY..................................................................................................................
41

ABSTRACT
HILDA SYLVIA AHMAD. The Use of Illocutionary Act in the Drama
The Glass Menagerie (supervised by Hamzah A. Machmoed and Simon
Sitoto).
This research aims to describe the purposes of the characters in using direct
and indirect Illocutionary Acts in the Drama The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee
Williams. Also, the writer has a purpose to explain what the role of context in the
characters meaning when they make a statement. It supported by the novel in which
have a many conflict in the dialogue. These make the novel so attracted to analyze.
In collecting data the writer used library research that was the writer reading
books, thesis, etc. which support the topic of the discussion which combined
Hurfords and Heasleys Illocutionary and Perlocution theory for the base of the
analysis. In this research, the writer used descriptive qualitative method to identify
and explain the main characters related to the Illocutionary Acts.
The results of the research indicate that there are 12 utterances of Direct
Illocutionary Acts. They are asking, answering, ordering, asserting, warning,
angering, hesitating, suggesting, explaining, arguing, requesting and informing.
Besides that, there are 19 utterances of Indirect Illocutionary Acts. They are
Complaining, ignoring, recommending, refusing, protesting, inquiring, commanding,
11

affirming, forcing, angering, asserting, admitting, begging, promising, denying,

requesting, informing, rejecting and surprising.

ABSTRAK
HILDA SYLVIA AHMAD. The Use of Illocutionary Act in the Drama
The Glass Menagerie (supervised by Hamzah A. Machmoed and Simon
Sitoto).
Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk membahas maksud dari para pemain dalam
menggunakan ilokusi langsung maupun tidak langsung dalam drama The Glass
Menagerie oleh Tennessee Williams. Penulis juga memiliki tujuan untuk
menjelaskan peran dari konteks dalam maksud pemain yang ingin disampaikan pada
saat dia mengeluarkan pendapat. Ini didiukung oleh novel tersebut yang memiliki
banyak konflik di dalamnya pada setiap dialognya.
Dalam mengumpulkan data, penulis menggunakan penelitian pustaka yaitu
dengan membaca buku-buku yang relevan dan mencari di internet untuk mendukung
topic diskusi dan dikombinasikan dengan teori ilokusi dan perlokusi yang berasal dari
Hurford dan Heasley sebagai landasan dari analisis ini. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis
menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan
mengenai pemeran yang berhubungan dengan tindakan ilokusi.

12

Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat 12 ucapan tindakan ilokusi

langsung yaitu asking, answering, ordering, asserting, warning, angering, hesitating,
suggesting, explaining, arguing, requesting dan informing. Disamping itu, terdapat 19
tindakan ilokusi tidak langsung yaitu complaining, ignoring, recommending, refusing,
protesting, inquiring, commanding, affirming, forcing, angering, asserting, admitting,
begging, promising, denying, requesting, informing, rejecting dan surprising.

13