Kinetics MCQ

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View
Part IX Rate of Reaction
Section 38.1
1
Which of the following reactions is the fastest?
A.
B.
C.
D.
6CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O(l) C 6 H 12 O 6 (aq) + 6O 2 (g)

4Fe(s) + 3O 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(l) 2Fe 2 O 3 H 2 O(s)
C 6 H 12 O 6 (aq) 2C 2 H 5 OH(aq) + 2CO 2 (g)
2C 2 H 6 (g) + 7O 2 (g) 4CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O(l)
2
Which of the following reactions has the slowest rate?
A Reaction between hydrochloric acid and copper(II) carbonate
B. Reaction between dilute sulphuric acid and barium nitrate solution
C. Reaction between methane and chlorine in sunlight
D. Decay of fruit
3
Which of the following reactions is the slowest?
A. Neutralization of HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq)
B. Reaction of potassium and water
C. Corrosion of iron
D. Displacement reaction of Mg in CuSO 4 (aq)
Section 38.2
4
When 50 cm3 of 0.20 M hydrochloric acid was mixed with excess sodium
thiosulphate solution, the following reaction occurred.
S 2 O 3 2(aq) + 2H+(aq) SO 2 (aq) + H 2 O(l) + S(s)
0.161 g of S was produced in 2 minutes. What is the average rate of production of S?
A.
B.
C.
D.
8.05 102 g s1
1.34 103 g s1
0.417 cm3 s1
1.67 103 M s1
5
The following graph shows the volume of hydrogen gas produced against time.
Volume of hydrogen gas (cm3)

Time of reaction (min)

Which of the following statements about the above graph is INCORRECT?
A.
The average rate of the reaction is about 7.25 cm3 min1.
B.
C.
D.
The average rate between t = 1 min and t = 3 min is about 13.5 cm3 min1.
The instantaneous rate at t = 1 min is about 23.0 cm3 min1.
The instantaneous rate at t = 2 min is about 21.0 cm3 min1.
6
Which of the following can be shown by a rate curve?
(1) Instantaneous rate of a reaction
(2) Average rate of a reaction
(3) Amount of reactants/products at a particular time
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
7
Which of the following statements concerning a rate curve is/are true?
(1) The initial rate must be the fastest.
(2) If the slope of the tangent equals zero, then the reaction stops.
(3) The slope of the tangent must decrease from the largest value to zero.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
2

C.
D.
(1) and (3) only

(2) and (3) only
8
5 g of calcium carbonate takes 250 s to react with the solution of hydrochloric acid
completely. What is the average reaction rate of the reaction?
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.16 mol s1
0.020 mol s1
2.0 104 mol s1
2.0 105 mol s1
9
When 10 cm3 of 1.0 M acidified potassium permanganate is mixed with excess
ethanedioate, the purple colour of the solution disappears after 40 s. Calculate the
average reaction rate of the reaction.
A.
0 M s1
B.
C.
D.
0.025 M s1
0.050 M s1
40 M s1
10
The rate curve of the amount of carbon dioxide produced when an acid reacts with a
carbonate is plotted. When is the rate of the reaction the fastest?
A. The graph is the steepest.
B.
C.
D.
The graph is at 45 to the horizontal.

The graph is half finished.
The graph is horizontal.
11
Instantaneous rate can be obtained from a concentration-time graph. Which of the
following methods is correct?
A. Multiplying the concentration by time
B. Measuring the slope of the graph at that instant
C. Measuring the area under the graph
D. Dividing the concentration by time
12
A chemical reaction completed in 10 minutes and released 0.16 g of oxygen gas. What
3

is the average rate of this reaction?

A.
B.
C.
D.
8.33 106 mol s1

9.33 105 mol s1
5.00 104 mol s1
8.00 103 mol s1
13
Which of the following methods are possible to quench a reaction?
(1) Cooling the reaction mixture with an ice bath
(2) Removing one or more of the reactant(s)
(3) Diluting the reaction mixture
(4) Adding a catalyst
A. (1), (2) and (3)
B. (1), (2) and (4)
C. (1), (3) and (4)
D. (2), (3) and (4)
14
The rate of formation of O 3 (g) is 2.0 107 mol dm3 s1 for the reaction:
3O 2 (g) 2O 3 (g)
What is the rate of disappearance of O 2 (g) in mol dm3 s1?
A. 1.3 107
B. 2.0 107
C. 3.0 107
D. 4.5 107
15
A reaction follows the concentration-time diagram. Which of the following values is
closest to the instantaneous rate for this reaction at the 20th second?
Concentration (M)

Time (s)
A.
5 103 M s1
B.
C.
D.
5 103 M s1
2 103 M s1
2 103 M s1
16
Which of the following can be used to determine the rate of reaction at a specific time
from a graph of concentration against time?
A. Concentration at that time divided by the time
B. Logarithm of the concentration divided by the time
C. Slope of the graph at that time
D. Logarithm of the slope divided by the time
17
Concentration (M)
What is the initial rate of the reaction (in mol dm3 s1) represented by this graph?
Time (s)
A.
0.08
B.
0.08
5

C.
0.02
D.
0.02
18
Based on the definition for rate of reaction, which of the following is a unit of
reaction rate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
mol dm3
mol s2
dm3 min3
mol dm3 min1
19
Which of the following statements is correct for the reaction below?
4P + Q 2R + 2S
A. The rate of formation of R is one half the rate of disappearance of Q.
B. The rate of decrease of Q is one quarter of the rate of disappearance of P.
C. The rates of formation of R and S are not equal.
D. The rate of formation of S is double the rate of disappearance of P.
20
Consider the esterification between ethanol and ethanoic acid in the presence of an
acid catalyst. The concentration of ethyl ethanoate builds up to 0.68 mol dm3 in 2
minutes. Calculate the average rate of the reaction.
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.68 mol dm3 min1

0.34 mol dm3 min1
0.68 mol min1
0.34 mol min1
21
Combustion of methane gives carbon dioxide as one of the products. CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g)
CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(l) The concentration of carbon dioxide increases from 0 to 2
102 mol dm3 in 0.01 seconds. What is the average rate of decrease of O 2 (g)
concentration?
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.02 mol dm3 s1

0.04 mol dm3 s1
2 mol dm3 s1
4 mol dm3 s1

22
Copper(II) ion reacts with ammonia molecules to form a deep blue complex: Cu2+(aq)
+ 4NH 3 (aq) [Cu(NH 3 ) 4 ]2+(aq) The average rate of decrease of ammonia is 1.6
102 mol dm3 s1. Calculate the average rate of increase of the complex
concentration.
A.
B.
C.
D.
6.4 102 mol dm3 s1

3.2 102 mol dm3 s1
4.0 103 mol dm3 s1
2.0 103 mol dm3 s1
23
The average reaction rate of the complete reaction A B + C was 0.15 mol dm3 s1.
If the time taken for the reaction to complete was 30 seconds, what was the total
change in concentration of A?
A.
0.0050 mol dm3
B.
C.
D.
0.75 mol dm3

4.5 mol dm3
20 mol dm3
24
Which of the following statements concerning the tangents to the rate curve is
INCORRECT?
A. The slope of the tangent represents the rate of the reaction.
B. The tangent at time zero is usually the steepest.
C. The slope of the tangent is equal to 0 when t = 0.
D. The steepness of the tangents will decrease as the reaction proceeds.
25
5 g of magnesium ribbon of 70% purity was added to 200 cm3 of 0.050 M
hydrochloric acid. The reaction took 50 seconds to complete and volume of gas
collected was 4800 cm3. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Magnesium ribbon is the limiting reagent.
B. Hydrochloric acid is the limiting reagent.
C.
D.
The rate of reaction of first 30 seconds is 100 cm3 s1.

The average rate of mass decrease of magnesium is 0.07 g s1.
26
Which of the following is NOT a unit of chemical reaction rate?
7

A.
B.
C.
D.
s mol1
cm3 s1
g min1
mol dm3 s1
27
When 10.6 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate was added to 200.0 cm3 of 1.0 M
sulphuric acid at room conditions, the reaction stopped in 40 seconds. At the same
time, 2400 cm3 of carbon dioxide was produced. Which of the following statements
about the reaction is INCORRECT?
A.
B.
The average rate of decrease in mass of sodium carbonate was 15.9 g min1
The average rate of decrease in concentration of the acid was 0.0125 mol
C.
D.
dm3 s1
The average rate of increase in volume of carbon dioxide was 60 cm3 s1
Sodium carbonate and sulphuric acid just reacted completely.
28
A rate curve is obtained when anhydrous sodium carbonate reacts with dilute
hydrochloric acid. At which point on the rate curve below is the reaction rate highest?
Pressure of gas
A
B
C
Time
29
Which of the following diagrams shows a correct rate curve for a chemical reaction?

A.
Amount of product
in the reaction
B.
Time
Time
C.
Amount of product
in the reaction
Time
Amount of product
in the reaction
D.
Amount of product
in the reaction
Time
30
When excess dilute nitric acid reacts with magnesium carbonate, the reaction
gradually becomes slower and finally stops. Which of the following statements
correctly explains this situation?
A. An insoluble layer of magnesium nitrate is formed.
B. The magnesium carbonate is gradually used up.
C. The nitric acid is all used up.
D. The layer of carbon dioxide bubbles covers the magnesium carbonate.
31
The experiment shown in the diagram was set up and the syringe reading was noted at
intervals.

rubber connecting tubing
gas syringe
dilute HCl
MgCO 3 (s)
A graph of the syringe readings against time was plotted. Which of the following
curves would be obtained?
Volume of gas
A
B
C
D
Time
32
When steam is passed through a red-hot magnesium ribbon inside a combustion tube,
a reaction occurs and the temperature of the magnesium ribbon increases. What does
this indicate?
A. The reaction is reversible.
B. Steam contains impurities.
C. The reaction is exothermic.
D. Magnesium is an oxidizing agent.
33
The graph shows how the total volume of carbon dioxide produced by the reaction
between dilute nitric acid and excess calcium carbonate varied with time.
10

Total volume of carbon

dioxide produced
P
Time
Which of the following statements about section PQ of the curve is correct?
A. The speed of reaction is at maximum.
B. All calcium carbonate has reacted.
C. No more carbon dioxide is being produced.
D. The concentration of the acid is increasing.
34
Which of the following methods of obtaining the instantaneous rate from a
concentration-time graph is correct?
A.
By equating the reaction rate with the concentration of reactant at that
B.
C.
D.
instant.
By measuring the slope of the tangent to the curve at that instant.
By measuring the area under the graph from time zero to that instant.
The instantaneous rate cannot be obtained from a concentration-time graph.
35
A chemical reaction releases 0.16 g of oxygen gas in 10 minutes and reaches
completion. What is the average rate of this reaction?
A.
B.
C.
D.
8.33 106 mol s1

1.67 105 mol s1
5.00 104 mol s1
1.00 103 mol s1
Section 38.3
36
Which of the following methods can be used to quench a reaction?
(1) Cooling the reaction mixture rapidly in ice
(2) Removing the catalyst by adding another reagent
(3) Diluting the reaction mixture with a large amount of ice water
A. (1) and (2) only
11

B.
C.
D.
(1) and (3) only

(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
37
Which of the following statements about the reaction between ethyl ethanoate and
dilute sodium hydroxide solution is INCORRECT?
A. The concentration of a reactant at regular time intervals can be determined
by titrimetric analysis.
B. Ethanol is formed in the reaction.
C. The reaction can be quenched with ice water.
D. This reaction is regarded as esterification.
38
2MnO 4 (aq) + 5H 2 O 2 (aq) + 6H+(aq) 2Mn2+(aq) + 8H 2 O(l) + 5O 2 (g)
Which of the following methods is/are possible for monitoring the progress of the
above reaction?
(1) Titrimetric analysis
(2) Measuring the change in colour intensity by colorimetry
(3) Measuring the change in volume of gas
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
39
(1) Cooling the reaction mixture slowly
(2) Removing one of the reactants
(3) Diluting the reaction mixture with cold water
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
40
What is/are the advantage(s) of using titrimetric analysis to follow the progress of a
reaction?
12

(1) Only simple apparatus like pipette is required.

(2) The reaction does not need to be quenched.
(3) There is a continuous monitoring of the progress of reaction.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
41
Which of the following reactions CANNOT be followed by using the method of
measuring the change in pressure of a gas?
A. Na 2 CO 3 + HCl
B. Zn + CH 3 COOH
C. Na 2 SO 3 + CH 3 COOH
D. Zn + HCl
42
Concerning the method used to study the progress of a chemical reaction between
sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid by measuring the change in transmittance
of light through the reaction mixture, which of the following statements is correct?
A. The transmittance of light through the solution is affected by the formation
of sulphur dioxide.
B. A data-logger is required in this method.
C. The rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the time taken for the
blot out of the cross.
D. The cross should be seen from a position immediately above it.
43
Which of the following methods can be used to determine the reaction rate of the
following reaction?
Cr 2 O 7 2(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 3C 2 O 4 2(aq) 6CO 2 (g) + 7H 2 O(l) + 2Cr3+(aq)
(1) Measuring volume of CO 2 formed
(2) Measuring time for pH change
(3) Measuring time for the colour of the solution to change from orange to green
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
13

44
Some marble chips are mixed with excess dilute hydrochloric acid in a stoppered
conical flask. The flask is placed on an electronic balance to determine its mass. The
mass of the reaction mixture is measured at regular time intervals. Which of the
following graphs represents the rate of the reaction?
A.
B.
Reading of
the balance
Reading of
the balance
Time
C.
Time
D.
Reading of
the balance
Reading of
the balance
Time
Time
45
Which of the following reactions and methods of measuring reaction rate is
INCORRECTLY matched?
Reaction
Method of measuring reaction rate
A.
Fe3+(aq) + SCN(aq)
Measure the change in colour

intensity of the reaction mixture
B.
C 4 H 6 O 4 (aq) + NaHCO 3 (aq)
Measure the change in pressure of

reaction system by pressure sensor
and data-logger
C.
H 2 O 2 (aq) + I(aq) + H+(aq)
Measure the change in mass of

reaction mixture by electronic
balance
D.
CH 3 COCH 3 (aq) + I 2( aq) +

H+(aq)
Measure the change in

concentration of I 2 (aq) by titration
with sodium thiosulphate solution
46
In order to follow the progress of the reaction,
Br 2 (aq) + HCOOH(aq) 2Br(aq) + 2H+(aq) + CO 2 (g)
Which of the following techniques can be used?
14

(1) Measuring the volume of gas produced

(2) Measuring the loss of mass of the reaction mixture
(3) Colorimetry
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
47
HCOOCH 3 (aq) + NaOH(aq) HCOONa+(aq) + CH 3 OH(aq)
Which of the following techniques can be used?
(2) Colorimetric analysis
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
48
S 2 O 3 2(aq) + 2H+(aq) SO 2 (g) + S(s) + H 2 O(l)
a paper with a black cross marked on it was placed below the beaker containing the
reaction mixture. The cross gradually disappeared as the reaction proceeded. Which of
the following is NOT a disadvantage of this technique?
A. There is a significant error in determining whether the cross disappeared.
B. The gas produced would affect the transmittance of light through the
solution.
C. The rate of reaction at a particular instant cannot be found.
1
D. The value of
is just proportional
time taken for disappearance of the cross
to the average rate of reaction.
49
Hydrogen ion is used as a catalyst in esterification. Which of the following can be
used to quench the reaction?
A. Potassium permanganate
15

B.
C.
D.
Hydrochloric acid
Carbon dioxide
Sodium hydroxide
50
A student is monitoring the progress of a chemical reaction by measuring the change
in mass of the reaction mixture. The set-up is shown below:
X
hydrochloric acid
Y
electronic balance
Which of the following combinations is correct?
X
A.
Cotton wool plug
Magnesium carbonate
B.
Rubber plug
Magnesium chloride
C.
Cotton wool plug
Magnesium sulphate
D.
Rubber plug
Magnesium hydroxide
51
(2) Cooling the reaction mixture
(3) Removing the reactant
(4) Removing the product
A. (1), (2) and (3)
B. (1), (2) and (4)
C. (1), (3) and (4)
D. (2), (3) and (4)
52
Which of the following methods can monitor the rate of the reaction between Mg
ribbon and HCl?
(1) Measuring the change in mass of the reaction mixture
16

(2) Measuring the change in colour intensity of the reaction mixture

(3) Measuring the change in pressure of the reaction system
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
53
Which of the following reactions can be followed by measuring the change in mass?
A. The reaction of vinegar and sodium hydroxide solution
B. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into hydrogen and oxygen
C. The reaction of magnesium ribbon and hydrochloric acid
D. The reaction of acidified silver nitrate solution and sodium chloride solution
54
Which of the following reactions and methods of measuring reaction rate are NOT
correctly matched?
Reaction
Method of measuring reaction rate
A.
Hydrochloric acid and

sodium thiosulphate solution
Measuring the time taken for the

blot out of a cross
B.
Methyl ethanoate and sodium

hydroxide
Measuring the change in

concentration of sodium hydroxide
by titration with standard acid
C.
Magnesium ribbon and

sulphuric acid
Measuring the change in pressure of

reaction system by pressure sensor
and data-logger
D.
Decomposition of hydrogen
peroxide into hydrogen and
oxygen
Measuring the change in volume of

gas produced
55
The reaction rate of which of the following reactions can be measured using a
colorimeter?
A. Dissolving eggshells in sulphuric acid solution
B. The reaction of sulphur dioxide and bromine water
C. The reaction of ethyl propanoate and sodium hydroxide
D. The reaction of silver and nitric acid
17

56
After the addition of marble chips to an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid in a conical
flask, each of the following was measured and plotted against time on a graph.
Time (min)
If the reaction was complete in 2.5 minutes, which of the following, when plotted
against time, would give a graph like the one shown above?
A. Total mass of the conical flask and its contents
B. Volume of carbon dioxide produced
C. pH of the solution
D. Temperature of the solution
57
In which of the following reactions the rate CANNOT be measured by the set-up
shown?
collected gas
gas syringe
dilute hydrochloric acid

magnesium ribbon
A.
B.
C.
D.
ZnCO 3 + HCl
Zn + H 2 SO 4
ZnO + HNO 3
Zn + CH 3 COOH
58
Which of the following shows the correct sequence of results of measuring rate of
reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution and dilute hydrochloric acid? (The
diagrams show the top view of the solution in a beaker putting on top of a marked
18

cross.)
A.
B.
C.
D.
59
Which of the following sets of apparatus could be used to measure the speed of the
reaction between marble chips and dilute nitric acid?
(1)
boiling tube
dilute nitric acid

marble chips
water
(2)
dilute nitric acid

electronic balance
19

(3)
rubber connecting tubing
gas syringe
dilute nitric acid
marble chips
A.
B.
C.
D.
(1) only
(2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
60
A test tube containing dilute sulphuric acid was placed in a flask containing excess
zinc granules. The flask was then tilted so that the acid was poured out of the test tube
and completely covered the zinc granules. The flask was re-weighed at intervals from
the start of the reaction. Which of the following diagrams is correct?
dilute sulphuric acid

zinc granules
A.
B.
Mass of flask
Time
Mass of flask
Time
20

C.
D.
Mass of flask
Mass of flask
Time
Time
61
Which of the following methods is most suitable for measuring the reaction rate of the
following chemical reaction?
S 2 O 3 2(aq) + 2H+(aq) SO 2 (g) + H 2 O(l) + S(s)
A. Measuring the time taken to reach an easily seen stage. e.g. to blot out a
marked cross.
B. Measuring the change in volume of H 2 O(l) with time.
C. Measuring the change in volume of SO 2 (g) formed with time.
D. Measuring the change in pressure of the reaction system with time.
62
Br 2 (aq) + HCOOH(aq) 2Br(aq) + 2H+(aq) + CO 2 (g)
Which of the following techniques can be adopted?
(1) Measuring the volume of gas produced
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
63
HCOOCH 3 (aq) + NaOH(aq) HCOONa(aq) + CH 3 OH(aq)
Which of the following techniques can be adopted?
A. (1) only
21

B.
C.
D.
(2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
64
Which of the following methods are possible to quench a reaction mixture?
(1) Cooling the reaction mixture in ice
(2) Removing one of the reactants
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
65
In order to follow the progress of the following reaction:
S 2 O 3 2(aq) + 2H+(aq) SO 2 (g) + S(s) + H 2 O(l),
a white tile with a cross marked on it was placed below the beaker of reaction mixture.
The cross gradually disappeared as the reaction went on. Which of the following is
NOT a disadvantage of this technique?
A. There is a significant error in determining whether the cross has
disappeared.
B. It is inconvenient to set up the apparatus.
C. The rate of reaction at a particular instant cannot be found.
1
D. The value of
is just proportional
time taken for disappearance of the cross
to the average rate.
Each question below consists of two separate statements. Decide whether each of
the two statements is true or false; if both are true, then decide whether or not
the second statement is a correct explanation of the first statement. Then select
one option from A to D according to the following table:
A.
Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation
of the 1st statement.
B. Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is NOT a correct
explanation of the 1st statement.
C. The 1st statement is false but the 2nd statement is true.
D. Both statements are false.
22

Section 38.1
66
Zn reacts with water faster than Cu.
Zn is more reactive than Cu.
67
There is no air inside a refrigerator.
Food will go bad slower in a

refrigerator.
Section 38.2
68
The initial rates of most reactions are
the highest.
The initial rate of a reaction is the

instantaneous rate at t = 0.
69
The instantaneous rate of a reaction is
calculated from the slope of the tangent
to the rate curve at t = 0.
The rate curve of most reactions is the

steepest at first and becomes less steep
with time.
70
Instantaneous rate of reaction is always
higher than the average rate of
reaction.
Average rate of reaction can be

calculated from a rate curve.
Section 38.3
71
Ice water is usually used to quench a
reaction.
Ice water dilutes the reaction mixture.
72
The rate of reaction between sodium
thiosulphate and dilute hydrochloric
acid is measured by the time taken for
the blot out of the cross marked on
the white tile.
The time taken for the blot out of the

cross is inversely proportional to the
average rate of formation of sulphur.
23

73
Sodium carbonate can be used to
quench the reaction between
propanone and iodine.
An acid is used as the catalyst in the

reaction between propanone and iodine.
Chemistry: Chapter 39 Factors affecting rate of reaction

Sections 39.139.2
74
Which of the following statements concerning the collision theory are correct?
(1) Reactant particles must collide to trigger a reaction.
(2) Products can only be formed if the collision is in the right orientation, regardless
of the speed of the reactant particles.
(3) Only a small fraction of collisions is classified as effective collisions.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
75
According to the collision theory, which of the following is/are essential for a
chemical reaction to occur?
(1) Collision of reactant particles.
(2) Possession of adequate kinetic energy by reactant particles.
(3) Possession of adequate kinetic energy by product particles.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
76
An increase in the number of effective collisions per unit time implies
A. an increase in concentration of reactants.
B. an increase in temperature.
C. an increase in surface area of reactants.
D. an increase in reaction rate.
77
24

Which of the following is/are important in determining whether a reaction occurs?

(1) Size of the molecules
(2) Energy of the molecules
(3) Orientation of the molecules
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
Section 39.3
78
A fixed mass of magnesium strips reacts with excess dilute sulphuric acid of different
concentrations. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(1) For the most concentrated acid, the rate curve of production of H 2 gas gives the
largest slope initially.
(2) For the most concentrated acid, the reaction takes the longest time to complete.
(3) For the most concentrated acid, the volume of H 2 gas produced is the largest.
A.
B.
C.
D.
(1) only
(2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
79
In the graphs below, curve (i) was obtained when 3 g of zinc granules was reacted
with excess 2.0 M hydrochloric acid. Curves (ii) and (iii) were obtained after making
changes to the acid.
Curve (ii): Excess 1.0 M nitric acid
Curve (iii): Excess 1.5 M sulphuric acid
Which of the following graphs matches the rate curves (i), (ii) and (iii) correctly?
A.
Volume
of H 2 (g)
ii
i
iii
Time
25

B.
Volume
of H 2 (g)
ii
i
iii
Time
C.
Volume
iii
of H 2 (g) i
ii
Time
D.
Volume
of H 2 (g)
iii
i
ii
Time
80
Consider the following equation of rusting of iron:
4Fe(s) + 3O 2 (g) + 2nH 2 O(l) 2Fe 2 O 3 nH 2 O(s)
Which of the following statements correctly explains that a coating of oil can slow
down the rusting of iron gears of a bicycle?
A. The oil cools down the iron gears.
B. The oil prevents oxygen from reaching the iron gears, so the concentration
of oxygen in the rusting reaction is decreased.
C. The oil decreases the surface area of iron gears.
D. The oil is an anti-catalyst.
81
When the concentration of a reactant is increased, which of the following concerning
the reactant particles will NOT occur?
26

(1) There will be a larger number of collisions.

(2) Reactant particles will have a greater amount of average kinetic energy.
(3) There will be a larger fraction of effective collisions.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
82
An experiment was carried out to investigate the relationship between temperature
and rate of reaction for the following reaction.
S 2 O 3 2(aq) + 2H+(aq) S(s) + SO 2 (g) + H 2 O(l)
The resultant solution became cloudy as sulphur was formed in the reaction. A paper
with a black cross marked on it was placed below the beaker containing the reaction
mixture. At 298 K, time taken for the blot out of the cross was 130 seconds. At 308
K, the time was 66 seconds. Which of the following conclusions can be obtained?
A. Rate increases by around two times when the temperature increases by 10
K.
B. Rate increases by around four times as the temperature increases by 10 K.
C. Rate decreases by roughly a half as the temperature increases by 10 K.
D. Rate decreases by roughly one fourth as the temperature increases by 10 K.
83
Zinc metal reacts with excess 1.0 M HCl according to the following equation:
Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) Zn2+(aq) + H 2 (g)
Which of the following changes will increase the rate of evolution of H 2 (g)?
(1) Using zinc dust instead of chunks.
(2) Using 200 cm3 of 1.0 M HCl in place of 100 cm3.
(3) Using 2.0 M HCl instead of 1.0 M HCl.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
84
For a given reaction, why does the rate of reaction increase when the concentrations
of the reactants are increased?
A. The frequency of the molecular collisions increases.
27

B.
C.
D.
The surface area of molecules increases.

The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases.
The amount of the reactants increases.
85
Consider the reaction of excess dilute hydrochloric acid and magnesium ribbon,
which of the following parameters is/are NOT changed upon changes in the
concentration of the hydrochloric acid, given other factors are kept constant?
(1) The total heat energy released from the reaction mixture
(2) The time taken for the reaction to complete
(3) The total volume of gas collected
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
86
Which of the following reactants will give the highest reaction rate when reacting
with 1 g of NaOH(s)?
A. 90 cm3 of 0.2 M H 2 SO 4
B.
C.
D.
80 cm3 of 0.3 M H 2 SO 4
60 cm3 of 0.4 M HCl
40 cm3 of 0.5 M HCl
87
Arrange the following reaction rates in descending order.
(1) Reaction between 3.0 g of magnesium granules and 1.0 M of CH 3 COOH at
room temperature.
(2) Reaction between 3.0 g of magnesium powder and 1.0 M of HCl at a warm water
bath.
(3) Reaction between 3.0 g of magnesium powder and 0.6 M of H 2 SO 4 at a warm
water bath.
(4) Reaction between 2.0 g of magnesium granules and 0.9 M of CH 3 COOH at
room temperature.
A. (1) > (3) > (4) > (2)
B. (2) > (3) > (4) > (1)
C. (2) > (4) > (1) > (3)
D. (3) > (2) > (1) > (4)
28

Section 39.4
88
Consider the following reaction:
S 2 O 3 2(aq) + 2H+(aq) SO 2 (g) + H 2 O(l) + S(s)
A white tile with a black cross marked on it was placed under a beaker. 50.0 cm3 of
0.10 M sodium thiosulphate solution and 10.0 cm3 of 1.0 M hydrochloric acid were
mixed in the beaker. Sulphur was produced and the cross was blocked. Which of the
following changes can make the cross disappear in a shorter time?
(1) Warm the reagents before the reaction.
(2) Use 100 cm3 of 0.10 M sodium thiosulphate solution instead.
(3) Use 20.0 cm3 of 2.0 M hydrochloric acid instead.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
89
An increase in temperature of the reactants increases the rate of reaction. Which of the
following statements explains this situation correctly?
A. Heat energy causes an increase in concentration of the reactants.
B. Heat energy causes an increase in size of the molecules.
C. Heat energy causes a decrease in energy required for the reaction to occur.
D.
Heat energy causes the reactant particles to move faster.
90
Sodium hydroxide reacts with acids. Which of the following solutions would give the
highest initial rate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
60 cm3 of 1.5 M NaOH(aq) and 60 cm3 of 1.5 M HCl(aq) at 30C.

50 cm3 of 2.0 M NaOH(aq) and 50 cm3 of 2.0 M HCl(aq) at 20C.
20 cm3 of 2.0 M NaOH(aq) and 20 cm3 of 1.5 M H 2 SO 4 (aq) at 30C.
40 cm3 of 1.5 M NaOH(aq) and 40 cm3 of 2.0 M CH 3 COOH(aq) at 25C.
91
Na 2 S 2 O 3 (aq) + H 2 SO 4 (aq) Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + H 2 O(l) + SO 2 (g) + S(s)
Which of the following reactions has the shortest time for blot out at room
temperature and pressure?
Na 2 S 2 O 3
H 2 SO 4
H2O
29

Volume
(cm3)
Concentration
Concentration
(mol dm )
Volume
(cm3)
(mol dm )
Volume
(cm3)
A.
0.15
10
0.15
B.
0.20
10
0.10
C.
10
0.10
10
0.10
D.
0.20
0.20
10
92
When temperature is increased, which of the following concerning collisions of
reactant particles will occur?
(1) There will be a larger number of effective collisions.
(2) There will be a larger number of ineffective collisions.
(3) Reactant particles will have a higher average kinetic energy.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
93
When the surface area of a solid reactant is increased, which of the following
concerning the reactant particles will NOT occur?
(1) There will be a larger number of collisions.
(2) Reactant particles will have a greater amount of average kinetic energy.
(3) There will be a larger fraction of effective collisions.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
94
Powdering a solid reactant can
A. increase the chance of collision between reactant particles.
B. reduce the energy required for reaction to occur.
C. increase the concentration of the reactant.
D. convert the reactant into a catalyst.
95
A small increase in temperature often produces a large increase in the rate of a
30

chemical reaction because it

A. decreases the size of the reactant particles.
B. increases the effectiveness of the collisions between the reactant molecules.
C. decreases the number of collisions per second between the reactant
molecules.
D. decreases the volume of the solution, altering the concentrations of the
reactants.
96
The rates of many chemical reactions double when there is a ten-degree rise in
temperature. Which of the following factors DOES NOT contribute to this change in
rate with increasing temperature?
A. The average kinetic energy of the reactant species.
B. The number of collisions in a given time.
C. The number of very energetic species.
D. The moving path of the reactant particles.
97
Which of the following statements correctly explains the effect of increase in
temperature of reactants on reaction rate?
A. Increase in temperature raises the potential energy of the reactant particles.
B. Increase in temperature reduces the energy difference between the reactants
and products.
C. Increase in temperature raises the average kinetic energy of the reactant
particles.
D. Increase in temperature reduces the contribution from orientation factor.
98
A chemical reaction takes place inside a glow stick. The higher the temperature, the
brighter is the glow stick. Which of the following descriptions about the glowing time
at a higher temperature is correct?
A. Longer
B. Shorter
C. Unchanged
D. Uncertain
99
Superheated water (boiling point > 100C) can make cooking faster. Which of the
31

following methods can be used to prepare the superheated water?

A. Overheat the water.
B. Add table salt to the water.
C. Increase the pressure.
D. Use distilled water.
Section 39.5
100
Which of the following factors DOES NOT affect the rate of reaction?
A. Surface area of the solid reactant
B. Molar mass of the reactant
C. Temperature of the reaction system
D. Concentration of the reactant
101
Which of the following factors affect(s) the rate of reaction between a solid reactant
and a liquid reactant?
(1) Molar mass of the solid reactant
(2) Concentration of the liquid reactant
(3) Surface area of the solid reactant
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
102
Which of the following is the reason for the fact that antacids have to be chewed
before swallowing?
A. A catalyst is added by saliva.
B. The temperature of the antacid is increased.
C. The surface area of the antacids is increased.
D. The concentration of the antacids is increased.
103
Which of the following factors can speed up reactions in industrial chemical
production involving gaseous reactants?
(1) Temperature
(2) Pressure
32

(3) Catalyst
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
104
Consider the reaction between solid calcium carbonate and aqueous hydrochloric acid.
Which of the following conditions can be increased to speed up the reaction?
(1) Concentration of HCl
(2) Surface area of the CaCO 3 particles
(3) Temperature
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
Mass
105
Excess magnesium was added to a beaker of aqueous hydrochloric acid on a balance.
A graph of the mass of the beaker and contents was plotted against time (curve 1).
1
2
Time
Which of the following changes in the experiment could give curve 2?
(1) The same mass of magnesium but in smaller pieces
(2) The same volume of a more concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid
(3) A lower temperature
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
33

106
Which of the following changes CANNOT increase the rate of the reaction of
chlorine gas and a liquid hydrocarbon?
A. Use UV light to dissociate the Cl 2 .
B. Increase temperature at constant pressure.
C. Use chlorine gas of higher concentration.
D. Increase the pressure by adding helium gas.
107
Which of the following factors determine(s) the rate of a chemical reaction?
(1) Molar mass of reactants added
(2) Average kinetic energy of reactant particles
(3) Surface area of solid reactants
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
108
Which of the following statements correctly explains the higher reaction rate when
using the same amount of powdered limestone instead of lumps of limestone to react
with hydrochloric acid?
A. Particles on the surface of the limestone are more activated for reactions to
occur, so increase in surface area increases the rate.
B. Particles on the surface of the limestone are more properly orientated so that
increase in surface area increases the rate.
C. The hydrogen ions are less reactive towards the particles inside the solid
reactant so that increase in surface area increases the rate.
D. The hydrogen ions can only collide with the particles on the surface of the
solid reactant so that increase in surface area increases the rate.
109
Which of the following statements explains correctly why antacids should be well
chewed before swallowing?
A. Gritted by teeth makes antacids hotter, so it will be more reactive.
B. The enzyme of the saliva can activate the antacids.
C. Chewing compresses the antacid molecules, so its concentration increases.
34

D.
Chewing grinds the tablets into small pieces, so the surface area of antacids
increases.
110
Which of the following processes CANNOT be employed to increase the reaction
rate?
CaCO 3 (s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl 2 (aq) + H 2 O(l) + CO 2 (g)
A. Use the same concentration of H 2 SO 4 .
B. Heat the reaction mixture.
C. Grind the calcium carbonate.
D. Carry out the reaction in a smaller container.
Section 39.6
111
The following set-up is used to investigate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
2H 2 O 2 (aq) 2H 2 O(l) + O 2 (g)
stopwatch
cotton wool
a small amount of
solid MnO 2
measured volume of standard

H 2 O 2 (aq)
electronic balance
A graph of the mass of the reaction mixture against time was plotted. Which of the
following curves would be obtained?
Mass of
reaction
mixture
A
B
C
D
Time
35

112
Which of the following statements concerning a catalyst MUST be correct?
A. The rate of reaction is increased.
B. A catalyst remains chemically and physically unchanged after a reaction.
C. A catalyst is neither a reactant nor a product.
D. A catalyst can operate under any conditions.
113
P and Q are mixed together and they have the following reactions:
P+QR
Q+RP+S+T
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. P is a catalyst.
B. Q is a catalyst.
C. R is a catalyst.
D.
The overall reaction is 2Q + R S + T.
114
Catalyst is an important chemical that can increase the reaction rate greatly. Which of
the following reactions and catalysts are correctly matched?
Reaction
Catalyst
(1) 2SO 2 (g) + O 2 (g)

(2) N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g)
2SO 3 (g)
2NH 3 (g)
(3) 2H 2 O 2 (aq) 2H 2 O(l) + O 2 (g)

A.
B.
C.
D.
Pt
Fe
MnO 2
(1) and (2) only

(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
115
Which of the following about rate of reaction is correct?
A. The fraction of effective collisions does not depend on temperature.
B. The concentration of a solid reactant increases when its surface area
increases.
C. The rate of reaction cannot be decreased by a catalyst.
D. The rate of reaction has no relationship with the enthalpy change of
reaction.
36

Reaction rate
116
Curves with the shape shown below are often observed for reactions involving
catalysts.
Concentration of reactant
The level portion of the curve is best attributed to the fact that
A. product is no longer being formed.
B. the reaction is complete.
C. all the catalytic sites are occupied.
D. the catalyst is used up.
117
For an exothermic reaction in which 2 moles of gaseous reactants are converted to 3
moles of gaseous products, which of the following changes will lower the reaction
rate?
A. Decreasing the volume
B. Adding more reactants
C. Decreasing the pressure
D. Using a steam bath
118
Which of the following statements about the collision theory is/are INCORRECT?
(1) All reactant particles are moving at equal speed under the same temperature and
pressure.
(2) Only a small fraction of collisions can lead to the formation of products.
(3) Products are formed when the reactant particles collide at high speed and both
particles have the reactive sites for reaction.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
37

119
Which of the following statements concerning a catalyst is INCORRECT?
A. A catalyst can increase the reaction rate.
B. A catalyst is neither a reactant nor a product of a reaction.
C. A catalyst can increase the frequency of collisions between reactant
particles.
D. A catalyst can be regenerated at the end of a reaction.
Section 39.7
120
Which of the following conditions is/are used in Contact process?
(1) A high temperature of 450C
(2) Iron as the catalyst
(3) A high pressure of 250 atm
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
121
Yeast is commonly used in bakery. Which of the following statements concerning the
reaction that involves yeast is/are correct?
(1) Yeast contains an enzyme called zymase as the catalyst.
(2) The enzyme breaks down starch into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
(3) Carbon dioxide produced in the reaction makes the bread raise.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
122
Why can the browning of fruits be slowed down if they are put in vinegar?
A. Vinegar prevents O 2 to come into contact with the fruits.
B. The enzymes in cells which speed up the reaction leading to the formation
of brown substance are denatured.
C. Brown substances are indeed the oxides of iron. Thus, acid neutralizes and
dissolves the oxides.
38

D.
Brown substances dissolve in vinegar.
123
Which of the following statements explains why catalysts are often used in chemical
reactions?
A. Catalysts increase the rate of reactions.
B. Catalysts increase the yield of products of reactions.
C. Catalysts increase the purity of products of reactions.
D. Catalysts decrease the amount of reactants.
124
Which of the following is NOT a proper reason for the application of catalysts in
chemical industries?
A. To save time.
B. To reduce the cost of production.
C. To increase the yield of products.
D. To save the use of fuel.
125
Contact process is an important step in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. What is the
catalyst used in this process?
A. V 2 O 2
B.
C.
D.
V2O3
V2O5
VO 3
126
Which of the following processes requires the presence of a catalyst?
(1) Alkaline hydrolysis of ester
(2) Fermentation
(3) Oxidation of propanone by iodine
(4) Browning of fruits
A. (1), (2) and (3)
B. (1), (2) and (4)
C. (1), (3) and (4)
D. (2), (3) and (4)
39

A.
Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation
Sections 39.139.3
127
The rate of reaction at the start of most
reactions is the highest.
The concentrations of reactants at the

start of most reactions are the highest.
128
Reaction rate depends on the
concentration of reactants for most
reactions.
Increasing the concentration of the

excess reactant will increase the
reaction rate for most reactions.
Section 39.4
129
When the temperature of a reaction is
increased, the reaction rate increases.
An increase in temperature raises the

average kinetic energy of the reactant
particles.
130
Effervescence lasts longer when 3 g of
calcium carbonate is put into excess
hydrochloric acid at a higher
temperature.
The reaction rate is increased if the

temperature is raised.
Sections 39.539.6
131
Catalysts can increase the rate of a
chemical reaction.
A catalyst is chemically unchanged at

the end of a reaction.
40

132
Although a catalyst will not be used up
in a reaction, it is regarded as a
reactant.
Reaction time is always reduced when a

catalyst is used in a reaction.
133
Manganese(IV) oxide (MnO 2 ) can be
regenerated from the reaction mixture
of hydrogen peroxide.
Manganese(IV) oxide (MnO 2 ) is the

catalyst for the decomposition of
hydrogen peroxide.
134
A catalyst can always increase the rate
of reaction.
A catalyst can increase the number of

effective collisions.
Section 39.7
135
It is generally better to use powdered
catalyst to catalyze a reaction.
Iron is used as the catalyst in Haber

process.
136
Haber process is carried out at 450C
and 1 atm.
One mole of nitrogen reacts with three

moles of hydrogen in Haber process.
Chemistry: Chapter 40 Molar volume of gases at room temperature and pressure

(r.t.p.)
Section 40.1
137
Which of the following gases has the highest density at r.t.p.?
A. Chlorine
B. Ammonia
C. Propane
D. Carbon dioxide
138
41

Consider the following chemical reaction:

2NaN 3 (s) 2Na(s) + 3N 2 (g)
It was found that 0.524 g of NaN 3 decomposes to form 0.290 dm3 of nitrogen gas at a
certain temperature and pressure. What is the molar volume of N 2 at that temperature
and pressure?
A.
B.
C.
D.
22.8 dm3 mol1

23.5 dm3 mol1
24.0 dm3 mol1
25.3 dm3 mol1
Section 40.2
139
3.0 dm3 of sulphur dioxide gas, SO 2 , and 2.0 dm3 of oxygen gas, O 2 , are reacted at a
certain temperature and pressure. What is the volume of gaseous sulphur trioxide,
SO 3 , that can be produced at this temperature and pressure?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1.0 dm3
1.5 dm3
2.0 dm3
3.0 dm3
140
An important reaction in the production of nitrogen fertilizers is
4NH 3 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 4NO(g) + 6H 2 O(g)
At constant temperature and pressure, what is the maximum volume of NO that can
be produced from 14.0 dm3 of NH 3 and 16.0 dm3 of O 2 ?
A. 12.8 dm3
B. 14.0 dm3
C. 17.5 dm3
D. 20.0 dm3
141
What volume of oxygen gas (O 2 ), measured at 0C and 1 atm, is needed to
completely burn 1.0 dm3 of propane (C 3 H 8 ) measured at the same conditions?
A. 10 dm3
B. 7.0 dm3
C. 6.0 dm3
D. 5.0 dm3
42

142
Assume that 0.10 dm3 of N 2 and 0.18 dm3 of H 2 , both at 50 atm and 450C, are
reacted to form NH 3 . If the reaction goes to completion, identify the reagent that is in
excess and determine the volume remained at the same temperature and pressure.
A. H 2 , 0.02 dm3
B. H 2 , 0.08 dm3
C. N 2 , 0.01 dm3
D. N 2 , 0.04 dm3
143
At a certain temperature and pressure, 3.0 dm3 of sulphur dioxide is reacted with 2.0
dm3 of oxygen according to the equation below.
2SO 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2SO 3 (g)
What volume of sulphur trioxide (in dm3) was formed at the same temperature and
pressure?
A. 5.0
B. 4.0
C. 3.0
D. 2.0
144
What is the volume of hydrogen evolved when 0.654 g of zinc was reacted with
excess dilute hydrochloric acid at r.t.p.?
A. 120 cm3
B.
C.
D.
200 cm3
240 cm3
360 cm3
145
What volume of oxygen at r.t.p. is required for the complete combustion of 150 cm3
of propane?
A. 751 cm3
B. 802 cm3
C. 857 cm3
D. 900 cm3
146
At a certain temperature and pressure, what is the volume of steam formed from the
43

reaction 4NH 3 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 4NO(g) + 6H 2 O(g) when 100 cm3 of ammonia is
reacted with excess oxygen at the same temperature and pressure?
A. 100 cm3
B. 125 cm3
C. 150 cm3
D. 175 cm3
147
Butene reacts with oxygen according to the equation, C 4 H 8 (g) + 6O 2 (g) 4CO 2 (g)
+ 4H 2 O(l). At a certain temperature and pressure, 35.0 cm3 of butene was mixed with
300 cm3 of oxygen and the reaction was initiated by a spark. Assuming complete
combustion, what is the total volume of gas at the end of the reaction?
A. 90 cm3
B. 140 cm3
C. 230 cm3
D. 320 cm3
148
Which of the following pairs of gases have the same number of atoms at the same
temperature and pressure?
A.
200 cm3 of steam
200 cm3 of ammonia
B.
1 dm3 of carbon dioxide
1 dm3 of sulphur trioxide
C.
100 cm3 of methane
500 cm3 of neon
D.
50 cm3 of hydrogen chloride
50 cm3 of hydrogen sulphide
149
30 cm3 of chlorine is mixed with 70 cm3 of hydrogen in a test tube with a stopper.
Then the test tube is allowed to expose to sunlight for half an hour. In the presence of
sunlight, chlorine reacts with hydrogen to give hydrogen chloride. What is the volume
of hydrogen chloride produced?
(Assume that all the volumes are measured at r.t.p.)
A. 30 cm3
B.
C.
D.
40 cm3
60 cm3
140 cm3
150
If two moles of sulphur dioxide are oxidized to sulphur trioxide by air, what is the
44

minimum volume of air required at r.t.p.?

(Assuming air contains 20% of oxygen by volume and the reaction is forced to
complete, so that all sulphur dioxide and oxygen are converted to SO 3 ; molar volume
of any gas at r.t.p. = 24.0 dm3 mol1)
A. 80 dm3
B. 100 dm3
C. 120 dm3
D. 140 dm3
151
What is the volume of oxygen required for the complete combustion of 50 cm3 of
methane, CH 4 at r.t.p.?
A. 100 cm3
B. 50 cm3
C. 25 cm3
D. 10 cm3
152
What is the volume of oxygen required for the complete combustion of a mixture of
50 cm3 of methane, CH 4 , and 25 cm3 of carbon monoxide, CO at r.t.p.?
(Molar volume of any gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3 mol1)
A. 75 cm3
B. 100 cm3
C. 112.5 cm3
D. 150 cm3
153
Avogadros Law states that
A. one mole of substance contains 6.02 1023 units of that substance.
B. equal volumes of gases contain the same number of molecules at the same
temperature and pressure.
C. gases occupy the same volume at any temperature and pressure.
D. one mole of gas occupies 24.0 dm3 at room temperature and pressure.
154
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the volumes occupied by 1 mol of
the following gases under r.t.p. in ascending order?
(1) Sulphur dioxide
45

(2) Oxygen
(3) Carbon dioxide
A. (1), (2), (3)
B. (1), (3), (2)
C. (2), (3), (1)
D. They occupy the same volume.
155
N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g)
2NH 3 (g)
If the reaction goes to completion, what volume of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is required to
produce 20.0 cm3 of ammonia (NH 3 ) at r.t.p.?
A. 6.67 cm3
B. 10.0 cm3
C. 20.0 cm3
D. 30.0 cm3
156
S(s) + O 2 (g) SO 2 (g)
What is the amount of sulphur needed to produce 10.0 cm3 of SO 2 at r.t.p.?
A.
B.
C.
D.
4.17 104 mol

4.17 102 mol
2.40 103 mol
2.40 102 mol
157
20 cm3 of ethane (C 2 H 6 ) are burned with 95 cm3 of oxygen to give carbon dioxide
and water as the only products. What is volume of oxygen unreacted?
(All volumes are measured at r.t.p.)
2C 2 H 6 (g) + 7O 2 (g) 4CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O(l)
A. 20 cm3
B. 25 cm3
C. 55 cm3
D. 75 cm3
158
20 cm3 of chlorine reacts with 40 cm3 of oxygen to form 40 cm3 of a gaseous oxide of
46

chlorine. What is the molecular formula of this oxide?

(All volumes are measured at r.t.p.)
A. ClO
B. Cl 2 O
C. ClO 2
D. Cl 2 O 3
159
When excess sulphur is burnt with 1 mole of O 2 to form sulphur dioxide at r.t.p.,
which of the following statements are correct?
(1) Mole ratio of SO 2 : O 2 equals 1 : 1.
(2) Volume of SO 2 formed equals 24.0 dm3.
(3) Volume of O 2 consumed equals 24.0 dm3.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
160
What is the volume of 3 moles of CH 4 (g) at r.t.p.?
A. 7.2 dm3
B.
C.
D.
480 dm3
72 000 cm3
48 000 cm3
161
What is the number of moles of 300 cm3 of ethane at room temperature and pressure?
A. 0.125 mol
B. 0.0125 mol
C. 0.0800 mol
D. 0.800 mol
162
What is the volume of 2.80 moles of hydrogen chloride gas at room temperature and
pressure?
A. 67.2 dm3
B. 102 dm3
C. 0.672 dm3
47

D.
8.57 dm3
163
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Under stated temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is determined
by the size of the gas molecules.
B. Under stated temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is determined
by the quantity of the gas molecules.
C. Under stated temperature and pressure, different gases with equal volume
have different number of molecules.
D. Under stated temperature and pressure, 1 mole of gas molecules occupies a
volume of 24.0 dm3.
164
Hydrogen can be ignited in chlorine gas to form a white fume, hydrogen chloride. If
250 cm3 of HCl was found to be the only remaining species in the reaction, what
volumes of hydrogen and chlorine were reacted at room temperature and pressure?
Volume of H 2 (cm3)
Volume of Cl 2 (cm3)
A.
250
250
B.
250
125
C.
125
125
D.
125
250
165
The molar volume of different gases at r.t.p. deviates from 24.0 dm3 mol1. Which of
the following is the main reason behind?
A. Intermolecular interaction
B. Volume of the gas molecule
C. Experimental inability
D. Molar mass of the gas molecule
166
A hypothetical reaction 2N x O y (g) xN 2 (g) + yO 2 (g) goes to completion upon
heating.
If originally there is only N x O y which contains 8.4 1023 atoms, and finally there are
2.4 1023 nitrogen atoms, which of the following can be the molecular formula of the
compound N x O y ?
A. N 2 O
48

B.
C.
D.
NO 2
N2O4
N 4 O 10
167
Which of the following gases has the greatest number of atoms under r.t.p.?
A. 18 dm3 of ammonia
B. 32 dm3 of helium
C. 6.0 dm3 of methane
D. 8.0 dm3 of sulphur trioxide
168
What is the number of moles of atoms in 500 cm3 of CH 4 at r.t.p.?
A. 1.04 mol
B. 0.104 mol
C. 0.0104 mol
D. 10.4 mol
169
What is the number of molecules in 305 cm3 of O 2 (g) at r.t.p.?
A.
B.
C.
D
3.83 1021
7.64 1022
1.53 1022
7.65 1021
170
Which of the following equations represents the calculation of molar volume?
A.
molarity
molar mass
B.
molar mass
density
C.
D.
concentration number of moles

total volume
Avogadro constant
Section 40.3
171
What is the volume of 4.3 g of ammonia gas at r.t.p.?
49

A.
B.
C.
D.
0.250 dm3
6.07 dm3
250 dm3
607 dm3
172
0.22 g of carbon dioxide occupies a volume of 120 cm3 at r.t.p. What is the molar
mass of carbon dioxide?
A.
B.
C.
D.
43.4 g mol1
43.6 g mol1
43.8 g mol1
44.0 g mol1
173
1 dm3 of a certain gas has a mass of 1.33 g at r.t.p. What is this gas?
A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
C. Carbon monoxide
D. Methane
174
0.8 g of magnesium carbonate reacts with 100 cm3 of 1.0 M sulphuric acid at r.t.p.
What is the volume of carbon dioxide produced?
A. 2.28 dm3
B. 4.56 dm3
C. 114 cm3
D. 228 cm3
175
Potassium chlorate (KClO 3 ) is often used in secondary school laboratories to produce
oxygen gas. When it is heated in contact with a catalyst, typically manganese(IV)
dioxide, it will decompose readily to give oxygen gas. What is the volume of oxygen
obtained at r.t.p. if 5.0 g of potassium chlorate is decomposed?
A. 1.35 dm3
B. 1.47 dm3
C. 1.96 cm3
D. 2.94 cm3
MnO 2
50

176
Limestone decomposes upon strong heating. What is the mass of limestone needed to
produce 6.0 dm3 of carbon dioxide at r.t.p.? (Assume the percentage by mass of
CaCO 3 in limestone = 90%)
A. 22.5 g
B. 25.0 g
C. 27.8 g
D. 30.2 g
177
Equal masses of O 2 and N 2 are reacted according to the equation:
O 2 (g) + N 2 (g) 2NO(g)
Which of the following statements is true?
A. O 2 is left at the end of the reaction.
B. N 2 is left at the end of the reaction.
C. All of the O 2 and N 2 react and neither is in excess.
D. Equal mass of NO is produced.
178
A 0.10 g sample of zinc is added to excess hydrochloric acid. When the reaction is
complete, what is the volume of gas, in cm3, that is evolved at r.t.p.?
A. 74.0
B. 36.7
C. 34.2
D. 68.5
179
Dinitrogen oxide (N 2 O), which is commonly called laughing gas, can be made by
heating ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) alone, with water as the only side product.
Calculate the mass of ammonium nitrate needed to produce 15.0 dm3 of laughing gas
at r.t.p.
A. 20.0 g
B. 30.0 g
C. 40.0 g
D. 50.0 g
180
What volume of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid is required to neutralize excess anhydrous
51

sodium carbonate, with 1200 cm3 of carbon dioxide produced at r.t.p.?

A. 100 cm3
B. 200 cm3
C. 250 cm3
D. 300 cm3
181
Methane can be synthesized from the hydrolysis of aluminium carbide, Al 4 C 3 (s) +
12H 2 O(l) 3CH 4 (g) + 4Al(OH) 3 (s). What volume of methane at r.t.p. can be
obtained from 0.48 g of aluminum carbide with excess water?
A. 0.240 dm3
B. 0.300 dm3
C. 0.360 dm3
D. 0.420 dm3
182
Sulphur dioxide is formed by burning sulphur in oxygen.
S(s) + O 2 (g) SO 2 (g)
Which of the following statements concerning the above reaction is INCORRECT?
(Molar volume of any gas at r.t.p. = 24.0 dm3 mol1)
A. 1 mole of sulphur reacts with 1 mole of oxygen to give 1 mole of sulphur
dioxide at r.t.p..
B. 32.1 g of sulphur react with 1 mole of oxygen to give 24.0 dm3 of sulphur
dioxide at r.t.p..
C. 1 mole of sulphur reacts with 24.0 dm3 of oxygen to give 64.1 g of sulphur
dioxide at r.t.p..
D. 24.0 dm3 of sulphur reacts with 24.0 dm3 of oxygen to give 24.0 dm3 of
sulphur dioxide at r.t.p..
183
0.2 g of calcium was added to excess dilute hydrochloric acid at .r.t.p.. What is the
volume of gas produced?
(Molar volume of any gas at r.t.p. is 24.0 dm3 mol1)
A. 20 cm3
B. 60 cm3
C. 100 cm3
D. 120 cm3
52

184
When 0.01 mole of metal Y reacts with excess dilute acid, 240 cm3 of hydrogen is
given off at room temperature and pressure. Which of the following is the correct
equation for the reaction?
A. Y + 2H+ Y2+ + 2H
B. Y + 2H+ Y2+ + H 2
C. 2Y + 2H+ 2Y + H 2
D. 2Y + 6H+ 2Y3+ + 3H 2
185
If 7.0 g of nitrogen and 15.0 g of gas Y have the same number of moles. What is the
volume of 15.0 g of gas Y at r.t.p.?
186
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g)
What is the volume of hydrogen gas produced when 24.3 g of magnesium reacts with
excess hydrochloric acid at r.t.p.?
A. 12.0 dm3
B. 24.0 dm3
C. 36.0 dm3
D. 48.0 dm3
187
3.25 g of liquid nitrogen is taken out from a freezer and placed at r.t.p. Finally it turns
back to nitrogen gas. Both liquid nitrogen and nitrogen gas exist as N 2 . What is the
final volume of the nitrogen gas?
A. 200 dm3
B. 103 dm3
C. 5.57 dm3
D. 2.78 dm3
188
If the number of moles of a gas at r.t.p. is given, which of the following can be
calculated?
(1) Mass of the gas
53

(2) Volume of the gas

(3) Number of formula units of the gas
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
189
What is the volume of carbon dioxide formed at r.t.p. during the complete combustion
of 5.5 g of methane?
A. 826 cm3
B. 166 cm3
C. 8.26 dm3
D. 16.6 dm3
190
What is the mass of H 2 O formed in the complete combustion of 240 cm3 of ethane at
r.t.p.?
A. 0.35 g
B. 0.54 g
C. 0.63 g
D. 0.72 g
191
What is the number of atoms in 2.80 g of carbon monoxide at room temperature and
pressure?
A. 1.20 1023
B. 2.01 1023
C. 6.02 1022
D. 6.02 1023
192
When 0.2 g of magnesium carbonate is treated with excess dilute nitric acid, what
volume of gas will be produced at room temperature and pressure?
A. 0.029 dm3
B. 0.057 dm3
C. 5.7 cm3
D. 48 cm3
54

193
2Al(s) + 3H 2 SO 4 (aq) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (aq) + 3H 2 (g)
What is the volume of hydrogen gas formed at r.t.p. when 5.4 g of aluminium
dissolves in excess dilute sulphuric acid?
A. 7.2 dm3
B. 4.8 dm3
C. 3.6 dm3
D. 2.4 dm3
194
A student uses hydrochloric acid to react with sodium carbonate at r.t.p. If
hydrochloric acid is the limiting reagent, what volume of carbon dioxide can be
produced from 50 cm3 of 1.0 M hydrochloric acid?
A. 0.60 dm3
B. 1.2 dm3
C. 1.8 dm3
D. 2.4 dm3
195
C 3 H 8 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 3CO 2 (g) + 4H 2 O(l)
2.0 g of C 3 H 8 (g) undergoes complete combustion to give CO 2 (g) and H 2 O(l) at r.t.p.
Calculate the volume of O 2 required in this combustion.
A. 24.0 dm3
B. 5.47 dm3
C. 12.0 dm3
D. 3.27 dm3
196
What is the volume of gas evolved when dissolving 0.5 g of magnesium ribbon in
excess sulphuric acid?
A. 494 cm3
B. 674 cm3
C. 4.94 dm3
D. 6.74 dm3
197
0.623 g of ethane occupies a volume of 498 cm3 at r.t.p. Calculate the molar volume
55

of ethane at r.t.p.
A. 24.2 cm3
B. 22.7 cm3
C. 23.9 dm3
D. 24.5 dm3
A. Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explanation
Section 40.1
198
Under the same temperature and
pressure, the molar volume of any gas
must be the same.
Molar volumes of different solids and

liquids are unequal at the same
199
The unit of molar volume is mol dm3.
Molar volume is the volume occupied

by one mole of a substance.
200
Solids and liquids DO NOT have
molar volume.
Changes in temperature and pressure

have significant effect on molar volume
of gases.
Section 40.2
201
1 mole of magnesium has equal
volume as 1 mole of iron at room
conditions.
According to the Avogadros Law, equal

volumes of any substances contain the
same number of particles at the same
56


202
1 mole of oxygen reacts with excess
carbon to give 1 mole of carbon
dioxide at r.t.p..
100 cm3 of oxygen reacts with excess

carbon to give 100 cm3 of carbon
dioxide at r.t.p.
203
1 dm3 of H 2 and 1 dm3 of O 2 DO NOT
contain the same number of molecules
at 100C and 2 atm.
According to the Avogadros Law, equal

volumes of all gases contain the same
number of molecules only at room
Section 40.3
204
A gas with greater molar mass
occupies a greater volume.
The molar mass of a gas can be

determined by measuring the volume of
one mole of the gas and its density at
r.t.p.
205
The volume occupied by 1 mol of
steam is 24.0 dm3.
The molar volume of any gas is about

24.0 dm3 mol1 at r.t.p.
206
The molar volume of water is 0.018
Molar mass of water is 18.0 g mol1.
dm3 mol1 if its density is 1 g cm3.
57

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HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

Part IX Rate of Reaction

6CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O(l) C 6 H 12 O 6 (aq) + 6O 2 (g)

Volume of hydrogen gas (cm3)

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

Time of reaction (min)

The average rate of the reaction is about 7.25 cm3 min1.

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

(1) and (3) only

The graph is at 45 to the horizontal.

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

is the average rate of this reaction?

8.33 106 mol s1

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

0.68 mol dm3 min1

0.02 mol dm3 s1

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

6.4 102 mol dm3 s1

0.0050 mol dm3

0.75 mol dm3

The rate of reaction of first 30 seconds is 100 cm3 s1.

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

rubber connecting tubing

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

Total volume of carbon

By equating the reaction rate with the concentration of reactant at that

8.33 106 mol s1

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

(1) and (3) only

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

(1) Only simple apparatus like pipette is required.

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

Method of measuring reaction rate

Measure the change in colour

C 4 H 6 O 4 (aq) + NaHCO 3 (aq)

Measure the change in pressure of

H 2 O 2 (aq) + I(aq) + H+(aq)

Measure the change in mass of

CH 3 COCH 3 (aq) + I 2( aq) +

Measure the change in

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

(1) Measuring the volume of gas produced

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

Cotton wool plug

Cotton wool plug

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

(2) Measuring the change in colour intensity of the reaction mixture

Method of measuring reaction rate

Hydrochloric acid and

Measuring the time taken for the

Methyl ethanoate and sodium

Measuring the change in

Magnesium ribbon and

Measuring the change in pressure of

Measuring the change in volume of

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

dilute hydrochloric acid

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View

dilute nitric acid

dilute nitric acid

HKDSE Chemistry A Modern View