Class Assignment

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT SOLUTION

FOR L MATCHING NETWORK USING MATLAB

Subject: Microwave Engineering

By:
Enggar Fransiska (0103513001)

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF AL AZHAR INDONESIA
2015

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT SOLUTION

FOR L MATCHING NETWORK USING MATLAB
Enggar Fransiska (0103513001)
Electrical Engineering Department Undergraduate, Faculty of Science and Technology,
University of Al Azhar Indonesia, Jl. Sisingamangaraja, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta Selatan, 12110
Email: fransiskawidyatama@gmail.com

Impedance matching in transmission line is very important because of some reasons. First,
maximum power is delivered to load when Transmission Line (TL) is matched at both the load
and source ends. This configuration satisfies the conjugate match condition. Second, with a
property matched TL, more signal power is transferred to the load, which increases the
sensitivity of the device. Third, some equipment (such as contain amplifiers) can be damaged
when too much power is reflected back to the source.
The method to make impedance matching is by adding circuit between transmission line
and the load, see Figure 1.1. The matching network consist of conductor and inductor which
has eight possible combinations, see Figure 1.2.

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2
The L and C values of these elements can be identified by the sign of reactance or susceptance.
The type of the element can be seen in table 1.1.

Table 1.1
There are two ways to compute L matching problems, first analytically then using the Smith
chart. As in the text, well solve the problem of L matching to plot reflection coefficient using
Matlab. Assignments given bellow will show the detail.
Assignment 1.
Show that these two solution will make the TL match at frequency 500 Mhz using Matlab.

Figure1.3
Answer:
Solution1
C1=0.92 pF = 0.92 x 10-12 F,
ZC1=
=
=
=
=

1
1

(see table 1.1)

1

2(0.921012 )
1
5.771012
1
5.771012 109

5.77103
173.3

L1 = 38.8 nH = 38.8 x 10-9 H,

ZL1 = jL1 (see table 1.1)

= j2f (38.8 x 10-9)

= j2f x 109 (38.8 x 10-9)
= j2f (38.8)
= j243.66f

Zparalel 1 =

+1
173.3
(200100)(
)

173.3
200100+

3466017330

=
=

200(100+173.3)

Zin1 = Ztotal1 = ZL1+ (ZL1//ZC1)

= j243.66f +
Reflection Coefficient 1=

3466017330

200(100+173.3)

10
1+0

Solution 2
C2 = 2.61 pF = 2.61 x 10-12 F,
ZC2 =
=
=
=
=

1
2

L2 = 46.1 nH = 46.1 x 10-9 H,

ZL2 = jL2 (see table 1.1)

(see table 1.1)

1

= j2f (46.1 x 10-9)

2(2.611012 )
1

= j2f x 109 (46.1 x 10-9)

16.39081012
1

= j2f (46.1)

16.39081012 109

= j289.508f

16.3908103
61

Zparalel2 =

=
=

2
+2
(200100)(289.508)
200100+289.508
57901.6+28950.8f
200+(100+289.508)

Zin2 = Ztotal2 = ZC2+(ZL//ZL2)

61
57901.6+28950.8f
=
+

200+(100+289.508)

20

Reflection Coefficient 2= 2+0

Solution 1 and solution 2 has identic load impedance (ZL) and Z0.
ZL = (200-J100)
Z0 = 100

MATLAB SOLUTION
% ENGGAR FRANSISKA
% L MATCHING CODE FOR REFLECTION COEFFICIENT WITH FREQUENCY
clear all;
clc;
ZL=200-j*100;
Z0=100;
f=0:0.1:1;
w=2*pi.*f*1e9;
%Solution 1
C1=0.92e-12;
L1=38.8e-9;
Zc1=1./(j*w*C1);
Zl1=j*w*L1;
parallel1=(ZL*Zc1)./(ZL+Zc1);
Zin1=Zl1+parallel1;
Ref1=(Zin1-Z0)./(Z0+Zin1);
%Solution 2
C2=2.61e-12;
L2=46.1e-9;
Zc2=1./(j.*w.*C2);
Zl1=j.*w.*L2;
parallel2=(ZL.*Zl1)./(ZL+Zl1);
Zin2=Zc2+parallel2;
Ref2=(Zin2-Z0)./(Z0+Zin2);

%Load Impedance
%Z0
%Frequency Range
%Omega

%Value of C1
%Value of L1
%Impedance of Capacitor 1
%Impedance of Inductor 1
%Parallel Impedance 1
%Ztotal1=Zin1
%Refflection Coefficient 1

%Value of C2
%Value of L2
%Impedance of Capacitor 2
%Impedance of Inductor 2
%Parallel Impedance 2
%Ztotal2=Zin2
%Refflection Coefficient 2

%Result
plot(f,abs(Ref1),f,abs(Ref2));
legend('Solution #1','Solution #2','Location','NorthEast');
title('Reflection Coefficient Vs Frequency (GHz)');
xlabel('f (GHz)');
ylabel(' Reflection Coefficient Magnitude');

Figure 1.4
This figure shows that solution 1
and solution 2 will match at 0.5Ghz
or 500 Mhz (reflection coefficient
equal to zero).
At other frequency it isnt match
(reflection coefficient isnt zero).

Assignment 2
Show that this circuit in TL will match at 1 Ghz.

Figure 1.5
Answer:
ZL = 25+j30
Z0 = 50
C1

= 3.18 pF = 3.18 x 10-12 F,

C2 = 31.8 pF = 31.8 x 10-12 F,

ZC1 = 1 (see table 1.1)

=
=
=

=
=

ZC2 = 2 (see table 1.1)

1
1

(109 )(19.971012 )

19.97103
50.07

)
5

= 25 + j (30 - )

Zin = Ztotal = ZC1 // Zseri

=
=

(199.71012 )
1
(109 )(199.71012 )

Zseri = ZL+ZC2
= 25+j30 + (

2(31.81012 )
1

(19.971012 )
1

2(3.181012 )

1
1+

50.07
5
[25 + j (30 )]

50.07
5
+[ 25 + j (30 )]

Reflection Coefficient = +0

199.7103
5

MATLAB SOLUTION
% ENGGAR FRANSISKA
% L MATCHING CODE FOR REFLECTION COEFFICIENT WITH FREQUENCY
% EXAMPLE N7.1 (SLIDE)
clear all;
clc;
ZL=25+j*30;
Z0=50;
f=0:0.1:5;
w=2*pi.*f*1e9;

%Load Impedance
%Z0
%Frequency
%Omega

%Solution
C1=3.18e-12;
C2=31.8e-12;
Zc1=1./(j.*w.*C1);
Zc2=1./(j.*w.*C2);
Zseri=ZL+Zc2;
Zin=(Zc1.*Zseri)./(Zc1+Zseri);
Ref=(Zin-Z0)./(Z0+Zin);

%Value of C1
%Value of C2
%Impedance of Capacitor 1
%Impedance of Capacitor 2
%Impedance of serial circuit
%Zin = Total of Parallel Impedance
%Refflection Coefficient

%Result
plot(f,abs(Ref));
title('Reflection Coefficient Vs Frequency (GHz)');
xlabel('f (GHz)');
ylabel('Reflection Coefficient Magnitude');

Figure 1.5
This figure shows that
The circuit will match at 1G
(reflection coefficient equal to zero).
At other frequency it isnt match
(reflection coefficient isnt zero).

To make easy code in Matlab, input the equation inside orange box. That is the simple equation.

Reference :
D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 4th ed. New York: Wiley, 2012.