Typical Limiting Values of Sub Station Electrical Equipments.

1. Transformer / Reactor:
Sr. No. Equipment / test data
Transformer oil
a) BDV
-At the time of first charging
-During O&M
b) Moisture content
-At the time of first charging
A)
-During O&M
c) Resistivity at 90 degree C
d) Acidity
e) IFT at 27 degree C
f) Tan delta at 90 degree C
g) Flash point
Vibration level for reactors
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)

Permissible limits

Reference

60 kV (Gap 2.5 mm) Minimum IS 1866

50 kV (Gap 2.5 mm) Minimum IS 1867
IS 1868
15 PPM (Max.)
IS 1869
25 PPM (Max.)
IS 1870
0.1-1012 Ohm-CM (Min.)
IS 1871
0.2 mg KOH/gm (Max.)
IS 1872
0.018 N/M (Min.)
IS 1873
0.20 (Max.)
IS 1874
126 Deg. C (Min.)
IS 1875
200 Microns (Peak to Peak)
IS 1876
60 Microns (Average)
IS 1877
Tan delta for bushing at 20 Deg. C 0.007*
IEC 137
Capacitance for bushing
+ 5% variation
IEC 138
1000 M-Ohm By 5.0/10.0 kV
IEC 139
IR value for winding
Megger
Tan delta for windings at 20 Deg. 0.007*
IEEE/C57.12.90.1980
C
Contact resistance of bushing
10 M. Ohm / Connector
terminal connectors
NGC.UK Recommendation
Turret Neutral CT ratio errors
39
IS 2705

2. Circuit Breakers
Sr. No. Equipment / test data
A)

Dew point of SF6 gas

B)
C)

Dew point of operating air

CB Operating timings
a) Closing time (Max.)
b) Trip time (Max.)
c) Close/trip time, Pole
discrepancy
Phase to Phase (Max.)
-Break to break (Max.) of same

Permissible limits
Reference
Dew point values as per Annexure
II
-45 Deg. C at ATM. Pressure
400 kV
220KV
150 MS
200MS
25 MS
35MS

3.33 MS
2.5 MS

3.33MS
2.5MS

phase
PIR time
BHEL make

ABB make
D)

NGEF make
M&G make
TELK make
ABB make (HVDC)

E)

F)
G)
H)
I)
J)

K)

L)

M)

12-16 MS

8-12 MS
8-12 MS
8-12 MS
8-12 MS
8-12 MS

Manufacturers
Recommendations
Manufacturers
Recommendations
Manufacturers
Recommendations
Manufacturers
Recommendations
Manufacturers
Recommendations
Manufacturers
Recommendations

PIR opening time prior to opening

of main contacts (ABB, CGL,
Manufacturers
NGEF make CBs)
5 MS (Min.) at rated pressure
Recommendations
Pir and main contacts overlap time
[BHEL, M&G, ABB (imported)
Manufacturers
make CBs]
6 MS (Min.) at rated pressure
Recommendations
Tan delta of grading capacitors
0.007 at 20 Deg. C
Within + 10% / -5% of the rated
Capacitance of grading capacitors
value
IEC 359
Contact resistance of CB
150 M. Ohm
Contact resistance of CB terminal
connector
10 M. Ohm per connector
NGC, UK recommendation
IR value:
1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0 / 10.0
1. Phase earth
kV Megger
1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0 kV
2. Across open contacts
Megger
50 M Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV
3. Control cables
Megger
Pressure switch settings
-SF6 gas pressure switches
Within + 0.1 Bar of set value
-Operating air pr. Switches
Within + 0.1 Bar of set value
-Operating oil pr. Switches
Within + 0.1 Bar of set value
BDV of oil used for MOCB
-At the time of filling
40 kV at 2.5 mm Gap (Min.)
Mfgs. Recommendation
-During O&M
20 kV at 2.5 mm Gap. (Min.)
Mfgs. Recommendation

3. Current Transformer

Sr. No. Equipment / test data

IR value
1. Primary earth
A)

2. Secondary earth
3. Control cables

B)

Tan delta value

C)

Terminal Connector

D)
D)

CT ratio errors
CT ratio errors

Permissible limits

Reference

1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0

kV Megger
50 M Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV
Megger
50 M-Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV
Megger
0.007* at 20 Deg. C
10 M-Ohm per connector
+ 3% -Protection cores
+ 1% -Metering cores

NGC, UK
Recommendations
IS 2705
IS 2706

4. Capacitive Voltage
Sr. No. Equipment / test data
A)
Tan Delta
B)
C

Capacitance
Contact resistance of terminal
connector
IR Value
1. Primary earth

D)

2. Secondary earth
3. Control cables

E)

F)
F)

EMU tank oil parameters

a) BDV (Min.)
b) Moisture content (Max.)
c) Resistivity at 90 Deg. C
d) Acidity
e) IFT at 27 Deg. C
f) Tan delta at 90 Deg. C
g) Flash point
CVT voltage ratio errors
CVT voltage ratio errors

Permissible limits
0.007* at 20 Deg. C
Within +10%/-5% of the rated
value
10 M-Ohm per connector
IR Value
1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0
kV Megger
50 M Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV
Megger
50 M-Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV
Megger
EMU tank oil parameters
30 kV (Gap. 2.5 mm)
35 ppm
0.1 1012 Ohm. CM
0.5 mg kOH /gm (Max.)
0.018 N/M (Min.)
1.0 Max.
125 Deg. C (Min.)
+ 5% protection cores
+ 0.5% metering cores

Reference

IEC 358
NGC, UK
Recommendations

IS 1866
-do-do-do-do-do-doIEEE/C93.1.1990
IEC 186

5. Isolators
Sr. No.

Equipment / test data

Permissible limits

Reference

A)
B)

Contact resistance
Contact resistance of terminal
connector
IR value
1. Phase earth

C)

2. Across open contacts

3. Control cables

300 M-Ohm. (Max.)

10 M Ohm per connector
1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0
kV Megger
1000 M Ohm (Min.) by 5.0/10.0
kV Megger
50 M-Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV
Megger

NGC, UK
Recommendations
NGC, UK
Recommendations
NGC, UK
Recommendations

6. Surge Arrester
Sr. No. Equipment / test data
A)
Leakage current
B)
IR value

Permissible limits
500 M-Amp. (Resistive)
1000 M-Ohm. (Min.)

Reference
Hitachi, Japan Recom.
Hitachi, Japan Recom.

Permissible limits
1.0 Ohm (Max.)

Reference

7. Miscellaneous
Sr. No. Equipment / test data
A)
Station earth resistance
Thermo vision scanning
Temp. up to 15 Deg. C (above
ambient)
B)
Temp. above 15-50 Deg. C (above
ambient)
Temp. above 50 Deg. C (above
ambient)
Terminal connectors Contact
C)
resistance
IR values
1. All electrical motors
D)

2. Control cables
3. Lt. Transformers
4. Lt. Switchgears

Normal
Alert
To be immediately attended
10 M-Ohm per connector

HGC, UK
Recommendations

50 M-Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV

Megger
50 M-Ohm (Min) by 0.5 kV
Megger
100 M.-Ohm (Min.) by Megger
100 M Ohm (Min.) by 0.5 kV
Megger

8. Batteries
Sr. No.
A)
B)

Equipment / test data

Terminal connector resistance
Specific gravity

Permissible limits
10 M Ohm + 20%
1200 + 5 GM/L at 27 Deg. C

Reference
ANSI/IEEE 450 1989

Temperature Correction Factor for Tan Delta Measurement

Sr. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Oil temperature Deg. C

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70

Correction factor(K)
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.12
1.25
1.40
1.55
1.75
1.95
2.18
2.42
2.70
3.00

If Tan Delta of bushing/winding/CVT/CT is measured at oil temperature T Deg. C. Then Tan

Delta at 20 Deg. C shall be as given below:
Tan Delta at 20 Deg. C = Tan Delta at Temp T Deg. C / Factor K.
Dew Point Limits for SF6 Gas in EHV Circuit Breakers
Sr.
No
1

2
3
4
5

Make of C.B Dew point at rated Corresponding dew point

Pr. Deg. C
at Atmospheric .Pr.
BHEL
-15
-36
-7
-29
-5
-27
M&G

-39
-32
CGL
-15
-35
-10
-31
ABB
-15
-35
-5
-26
NGEF
-15
-36
-7
-29

Remarks
At the time of commissioning
During O&M
Critical
At the time of commissioning
During O&M
At the time of commissioning
During O&M
At the time of commissioning
During O&M
At the time of commissioning
During O&M

Note: Dew point of SF6 gas varies with pressure at which measurement is
carried out. So it is to be ensured that if measurement is done at pressure

other than atmospheric pressure, it needs to be converted to the

atmospheric pressure.