Summary of Public Lecture

NGO (Non Government Organization) was instrumental in the

formation of the transport system in a city or county. NGOs play a role
in monitoring the transport system that has been created by the
government. World Bank defines NGOs as "private organizations that
carry out activities to alleviate suffering, poverty, preserve the
environment, provide basic social services, or undertake community
development activities"
In Indonesia, there area lot of public transportation that still not used
optimally, this is because most people prefer to use their private
vehicles rather than using public transportation. According to the NGO,
this is due to lack of government urban planning to take into account a
range of housing to the nearest public transport. Should not be too far
away and must be accommodated by the government
One of the public transportation in Jakarta is the Bus Rapid Transit
(BRT). BRT is a high-quality bus-based transit system that delivers fast,
comfortable, and cost-effective services at metro-level capacities. It
does this through the provision of dedicated lanes, with busway and
iconic stations typically aligned to the center of the road, off-board fare
collection, and fast and frequent operations.
BRT contains features similar to a light rail or metro system, and it is
much more reliable, convenient and faster than regular bus services.
With the right features, BRT is able to avoid the causes of delay that
typically slow regular bus services, like being stuck in traffic and
queuing to pay on board.
According to the Jakarta government, it is necessary to do the diet
road in order to optimizing BRT. Road diet, also called a lane reduction
or road re-channelization, is a technique in transportation planning
whereby the number of travel lanes and/or effective width of the road
is reduced in order to achieve systemic improvements. The use of road
diet in Jakarta is mostly only for busway, but sadly the allocation space
for cars is very large and very small for pedestrians. Even in some
district, there is no road allocation for pedestrian.
BRT and Integrated land use are very sensitive to the political wheel,
so therefore it is not so easy to change the system even when we know
the problem. Most of the political officials are focusing in their own
agenda rather than make the public transportation more optimal for
the people. For example, in harmony station, bus terminal

infrastructure is correct but its service (operational plan) is not good,

the results are people get stuck and too full queue of station. NGO is
already gave the solution for this case, which is to Provide passenger
information system for passengers in order to make the transfer
passenger from station in the bus more efficiently. But sadly, the
manager in that station did not do it so far.
Benefit of BRT is that it can be enjoyed to all segments of society.
With a minimum of 25 meters road width, the government can build a
BRT and still can maintain the efficiency of lane use. According to data
from the public lecturer, the comparison between BRT : Car is (19000 :
2000 )/hour. it is conclude that is almost 10 times more efficiency to
use BRT rather than car.
In order to persuade people to use public transportation we need to
design the good pedestrian lane and parking area around public
transport so people want to walk or drive from their home to station to
use public transport. Advertising to use public transport is also required
in order to persuade people to use public transport by using
advertising board, promotion, or BRT pamphlet. We need to encourage
people to use public transport in order to optimizing the use of public
transport.
It's reasonable to expect all cities though especially big ones to
base future requests for transit funding on the idea that agglomeration
leads to economic productivity. If showing that system expansion leads
to more riders and less congestion is good, and showing that it reduces
pollution and improves public safety is great, then showing in big
numbers how much economic growth will occur should be gold.
In theory, public investments in mass transit can make urban
economies more efficient by enhancing employers access to a larger
labor pool at lower transport costs. Office rents can be use to measure
external economies and agglomeration benefits because these rents
reflect the return to a key capital input in urban production,
commercial office space. Simply put, areas with high concentrations of
economic activity and external economies should have higher rents.
If public transit makes urban areas more efficient by promoting the
economic benefits of agglomerationthrough reductions in
transportation costs and increases in mobilityall else being equal,
these benefits should be evident in higher urban rents for office space.
Matthew Drennan and Charles Brecher had hypothesis that office rents
can be use as indicators of efficiency gains from the presence of urban

agglomeration economies, will be higher in areas better served by

mass transit.
But then again, there is also another public transportation called LRT.
Mostly LRT is using by upper-middle economy class people due to
higher ticket price. So LRT is not so efficiency as BRT, which can be use
by every economy class people
BRT can be defined as Frequent, faster and higher-capacity bus
service designed as an integrated system of service, facilities and
strategies that distinguish it from regular bus service. The elements of
bus rapid transit can vary depending on the operating environment
and may include priority through separate right-of-way, preferential
treatments at intersections, intelligent transportation systems, as well
as other actions that improve bus speed and reliability, including
limited stops, vehicle design and fare collection systems and high
quality bus stations that allow for greater efficiency. Bus rapid transit is
often branded to promote the service as unique from regular bus
transit service.
According to Rob Temme, 'Avoid-Shift-Improve' can be define as the
avoidance of trips above a modal shift towards sustainable transport
modes, which is preferred over cleaner fuels and electric vehicles. By
calculating the effect of these strategies on modal shift, the
International Scientific Conference on Mobility and Transport
Sustainable Mobility in Metropolitan Regions team can calculate the
'reasonable potential' for the reduction of carbon emissions
References for define some sentences:
APTA. (2010). Bus Rapid Transit Service Design.
Drennan. M & Brecher C. (2012). Can Public Transportation Increase
Economic Efficiency?
Temme. R (2014). A roadmap towards sustainable mobility in Breda.