1

ASSIGNMENT
CCE&C
Ans to Q No-1
1.

Difference in Office OH/ Job OH Cost.

The home office overhead costs include items

that cannot be readily charged to any one project, but represent the cost of operating the
construction company. The job overhead costs include all overhead expenses that will be incurred
as a result of executing a specific project. The major difference between the two is that the home
office overhead costs are incurred regardless of any specific project.
2.
Home Office OH.
The following items should be included in a home office overhead
budget:a.
Office.
Rent (if owned, the cost plus return on investment), electricity, heat,
water, office supplies, postage, insurance (fire, theft, liability), taxes (property),
b.

telephone, office machines, and furnishings.

Salaries.
Office employees such as executives, accountants, estimators,

c.

purchasing agents, bookkeepers, and secretaries.

Miscellaneous.
Advertising, literature (magazines, books for library), legal fees
(not applicable to one particular project), professional services (architects, engineers,
CPAs) not billable to a job, donations, travel (including company vehicles not charged

d.

to jobs), and club and association dues.

Depreciation.
Expenditures on office equipment, calculators, computers, and
any other equipment not billed to a job. A certain percentage of the cost is written off
as depreciation each year and is part of the general overhead expense of running a

3.

business. A separate account should be kept for these expenses.

Jobs OH.
Following items should be included in job OH cost.
a.
Salaries.
Salaries include those paid to the project superintendent, assistant
superintendent, timekeeper, material clerk, all foremen required, and security
personnel if needed. Some companies and some cost-plus contracts also include
the project manager and assistant project managers in the project overhead. These
costs must also include
b.

vehicle, mobile phone, travel, and job - related living

expenses for these people.

Temporary Office.
The cost of providing a temporary job office for use by the
contractor and architect during the construction of the project should also include
office expenses, such as electricity, gas, heat, water, telephone, and office
equipment.

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c.

Temporary Buildings, Barricades, Enclosures.

The

cost

of

temporary

buildings includes all tool sheds, workshop, and material storage spaces. The cost of
building and maintaining, barricades and providing signal lights in conjunction with
d.

barricades must also be included.

Temporary Utilities.
The cost of temporary water, light, power, and heat must

e.

also be included. For each of these items.

Sanitary Facilities.
All projects must provide toilets for the workers. The most
common type in use is the portable toilet, which is most often rented. The rent often

f.

includes the cleaning and servicing of the toilets on a regular basis.

Drinking Water.
The cost of providing drinking water in the temporary office

g.

throughout the project must be included.

Photographs.
Many project specifications require photographs at various
stages of construction, and even if they are not required, it is strongly suggested that

h.

digital camera and a video camera be kept at each job site.

Surveyors. If a survey of the project location on the property is required, the

i.

estimator must include the cost for the survey in the estimate.
Protection of Property. Miscellaneous items that should be contemplated include
the possibility of the damaging adjacent buildings, such as breaking windows, and

the

possible undermining of foundation or damages by workers or equipment. Protection

of the adjacent property is critical. It is recommended that the contractors insurance
carrier be contracted prior to commencing construction, as the insurer can survey the
adjacent structures and existing damages.

Ans to Q No-2
1.
2.

Labour Hours.
A labour hour is defined as one worker working for one hour.
Adjusted Labour Hours.
The number of labour hours needs to be modified to take into

consideration how the project that is being bid deviates from the standard condition. This is done
by using a productivity factor. The mathematical means by which the productivity factor is applied.
Adjusted labour hours = Labour hours X Productivity factor
Adjusted labour hours
3.

Variables Affecting Productivity Factor.

Following are some variables that need to

be considered when determining the productivity factor.

a.

Availability and Productivity of Workers.

When there is plenty of work available

and workers and scarce, less-trained craft persons are accepted. These less-trained
persons will require more time or labour hours to complete the required task, and a

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productivity factor

greater than one is used. Conversely, when construction projects

are scarce, workers may

become motivated, and the constructor can be selective

and hire and only the most qualified workers. This will result in producing more
b.

work per labour hour, and a productivity factor less than one is used.
Climatic Conditions.
Cold, hot, winds, rain, snow, and combinations of these all

c.

affect the amount of work that can be produced in an hour.

Working Conditions.
The job site working conditions can have a great effect on
the rate of work. A project being built in the city with little working space, limited
storage space, and difficult delivery situations typically has less work accomplished

d.

per labour hour just due to the difficulty of managing the resources.
Other Considerations. Workers seldom work a full 60 minutes during the hour.
Studies of the actual amount of time worked per hour averaged 30 to 50 minutes.

4.

This is often referred to as system efficiency.

Where to Use Cycle Time to Estimate Productivity.

Cycle time analysis is used

extensively in excavation estimating. Cycle time analysis is performed by timing a number of

cycles, ideally at least 30. Using the average cycle time (in minutes), the productivity rate is
calculated.
Ans to Q No-3
1.

Data.
a.

Area of b one floor 3x storey building

= 20,000 Sq Ft / Floor.

b.

=20,000 x 3 =60,000 Sq Ft

c.

Est Cost / Sq Ft / Sq Ft for a 2-3 storey hospital= Rs 2100/ Sq Ft

2.

Req

Determine cost est of 3 x strong building.

3.

Solution.

3x storey building

Cost of 3x storey building = Area x cost / Sq Ft

=

60,000 x 2100 = Rs 12,60,00,000/=

Ans to Q No-4
1.

Material Required for 100 Cy.Yd of 1:2:4 Cement

a.
Cement
=
Volume : x Part of Mix
Mix
=
100 x 1
=
14.28 Cy
7
b.
Sand
=
100 x 2
=
28.57 Cy
7
c.
Crush
=
100 x 4
=
57.14 Cy
7

2.

No of Cement Bag Required 10 cy of 1 thick 1:3:6 cc floor

a.
Volume of Cement = 10 x 1 = 1.1 Cy = 30 Ft3
9
b.
No of Cement bag = 30
=
24 bags
1.25 ft3 / bag

3.

Cement / Sand Required for 100 cy of Brick Masonry in 1: 6

a.
Vol of Cement
=
100 x 1
= 14.29 Cy
7
b.
Vol of Sand
=
100 x 6
= 85.71 Cy
7
Quantity of cement / sand for 100 cy of 2 inch (1:2:4) DPC
a.
Vol of material
=
(100 x 2 x 1 ) = 5.55 cy
12 3
b.
Quantity of Cement =
5.55 x 1 =
0.793 Cy
7
c.
Quantity of Sand
=
5.55 x 2 =
1.587 Cy
7
Quantity of cement / sand for 100 Sq Ft of 1/4 inch (1:3) plaster
a.
Vol of Plaster=
100 x 0.25 =
2.08 Cu Ft
12
b.
Vol of Cement =
2.08 x 1
=
0.52 Cu Ft
4
c.
Vol of Sand =
2.08 x 3
=
1.58 Cu Ft
4

4.

5.

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Ans to Q No-5

ROAD EARTH WORK

Stations Chainage
(Meters)
1.
1000
2.
1050
3.
1100
4.
1150

RL of
Ground
41.0
40.90
40.50
40.80

RL of Formation

Difference

Remarks

42.00
41.75
41.50
41.25

1.00
0.85
1.00
0.45

3.75/6

0.625
Average
Filling

5.5/5

1.1
Average
Cutting

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

1200
1250
1300
1350
1400

40.60
40.70
41.20
41.40
41.30

41.00
40.75
40.50
40.25
40.00

0.40
0.05
0.70
1.15
1.30

10.
11.

1450
1500

41.00
40.60

39.75
39.50

1.25
1.10

Width of Road

8m

Total Filling= 250x8x0.625

1250 m3

Total Cutting = 250x8x1.1

2200 m3

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Ans to Q No-6
1.

Data.
a.

Footing Concrete

6.5 ft x 6.5 ft x 1.8 ft

b.

Reinforcement

10 # 7 bars both ways

c.

Column size

1.5 ft x 1.5 ft x 16 ft height

d.

Reinforcement bars =

2.

e.
Req

Lateral ties
=
# 2 bar 10 c/c
Concrete and steel for footing / column

3.

Solution
a.

b.

8 # 7 bars

Foundation
(1)

Concrete = 6.5 x 6.5 x 1.8 = 76.05 Cu Ft

(2)

Steel

# 7 bars , length = 2/10 x 6.5 = 130 RFT

Weight of steel = 130 RFT x 2.044 lbs/ RFT

= 265.72 lbs
Column
(1)
Concrete = 1.5 x 1.5 x 16 = 36 Cu Ft
(2)

Steel
(a)
Longitudinal = 8 # 7 bars = 8x (16 +1) = 136 RFT
Weight
= 136 RFT x 2.044 = 277.984 lbs
(b)
Lateral
# 2 bars
(1)
Length of one tie = 1.5 + 1.5+ 0.25 = 3.25 RFT
(2)
No of ties = 16 x 12 = 21 Nos
10
(3)
Total length = 21 x 3.25 = 68.25 RFT
(4)
Wt
=
68.25 x 0.167 lbs / RFT = 11.397 lbs
(c)
Foundation + Column
(1)
Concrete = 76.05 + 36
= 112.05 Cu Ft
(2)
Steel = 265.72 + 277.984+ 11.397
= 555.101 lbs

Ans to Q No-7
1.

Amount of excavation for exertion walls only

a.

Longer side length = 61.5 - (2 x 9 ) + 2 (1)

2
= 62.75

b.

Shorter Side

c.

= 36 (2 x 9) 2 (1)
2
= 32.25
Total length of excavation = 62.75 + 32.25 = 95 RFT

d.

Amount of genl excavation for ext wall only

= 95 x 3 (Height) x 2 (Width = 570 Cu Ft)

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2 (a) PCC (1: 5 : 10) below foundation bed
PCC = 95 x 2 x 1) = 190 Cu Ft
Cement = 190 = 11.87 Cu Ft = 9.5 OR 10 Bags
16
Sand = 190 x 5 = 59.37 Cu Ft
16
Crush = 190 x 10 = 118.75 Cu Ft
16
2 (b) Foundation wall brick masonry in CM (1:6)

2 (c)

Bricks Work =

95 x 2 x 1.5 2 = 185 Cu Ft

Bricks

285 Cu Ft x 13.5 = 3877.5 = 3877 nos

Masonry

Cement

Sand

3877 = 76.95 Cu Ft
50
76.95 x 1 = 10.99 Cu Ft = 10.99 = 8.79 OR 9 Bags
7
1.25
76.95x 6 = 65.94 Cu Ft
7

RCC for 6 inch thick roof slab

RCC

61.5 x 36 x 0.50 = 1107 Cu Ft

Cement

Sand

Crush

1107 x 1= 158.14 Cu ft = 126 Bags

7
1.25
1107 x 2 = 316.28 Cu Ft
7
1107 x 4 = 632.56 Cu Ft
7

2 (d) Reinforcement for living / family rooms

Length

32.25

Width

20.75

Total Material=

32.25 x 20.75 x .50 = 334.59 Cu Ft

Cement

334.59 x 1 = 47.79 Cu Ft = 38.23 OR 39 Bags

7

Sand

Crush

Steel

334.59 x 2 = 95.58 Cu Ft
7
334.59 x 4 = 191.16 Cu Ft
7
32.25 + 1 = 65.5 Nos = 66 x 20.75 Ft = 1359.5 Rft
0.50
20.75 + 1 = 42.1 + 1 = 43 x 32.25 = 1386.75 Rft
0.50

=
Total Steel

1369.5 Rft + 1386.75 Rft = 2756.25 Rft x 2.044 Lbs per ft

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=

5633.77 Lbs

ASSIGNMENT # 2
CCE&C

SUBMITTED TO
MAJ YOUSAF JAMAL

SUBMITTED BY
M.MOAAZ MUNIR