DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

1) Regarding the oral cavity

A. Muscles of the tongue are supplied by the hypoglossal nerve
B. The parotid gland secretions are mucous in nature
C. The submandibular duct opens into the vestibule of the mouth
D. Mucosal membrane of the soft palate in innervated by the mandibular nerve
E. Taste fibers from the anterior part of the tongue are carried in the chorda
tympani
2) The pharynx
A. Extends from the base of the skull to C6
B. Have its narrowest points at the pharyngeal recesses
C. Communicates with the oral cavity through the oropharyngeal isthmus
D. Gets its blood supply from the external carotid artery
E. Has a venous plexus which drain into the internal jugular vein
3) The following nerves supply the tongue anterior to the sulcus terminalis
A. The lingual nerve
B. The glossopharyngeal nerve
C. The internal laryngeal nerve
D. The chorda tympani
E. The ghypoglossal nerve
4) The oesophagus
A. Lies in the midline throughout its course
B. Has it smooth muscle sphincter at its upper end
C. Has its lower end 40 cm from incisor teeth
D. Is uniform in diameter
E. Has its lower end drained by azygos vein
5) Regarding the stomach
A. The oesophagus enters the stomach obliquely at the cardiac orifice
B. The fundus is in contact with the dome of the diaphragm
C. The pylorus lies at the level of the first lumbar vertebra
D. The greater curvature is supplied by the left gastric artery
E. Gastric nerves supply the glands of the stomach

6) Regarding the small intestine

A. The jejunum lies in the right lower part of the abdominal cavity
B. Its terminal part lies in the right iliac fossa
C. The vasa recta (straight)arteries are end arteries
D. A merkels diverticulum is found in relation to the jejunum

E. Duodenum is completely retroperitoneal

7) The ascending colon
A. Is a derivative of the mid gut
B. Is retroperitoneal
C. Has sacculations
D. Is supplied by the middle colic artery
E. Contains tenia coli
8) The rectum
A. Commences at the third piece of the sacrum
B. Has its upper part supplied by the superior rectal arteries
C. Has its lower part draning into the inferior rectal veins
D. Has no peritoneum I relation to its middle third
E. Has vertical folds in its lumen
9) Regarding extra hepatic biliary system
A. The hepatic duct leave the liver at the porta hepatis
B. The fundus of the gall bladder is in contact with the anterior abdominal wall
C. The cyctic duct opens into the common bile duct in the lesser omentum
D. The common bile duct grooves the posterior surface on the head of the
pancreas
E. The sphincter of oddi surrounds the terminal part of the bile duct
10)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The pancreas
The head is retoperitonial
The tail lies in the gastrosplinchnic ligament
The main duct opens at the major duodenal papilla
Planchnic artery runs along the superior border of the body
t e superior mesenteric vessels lie anterior to the uncinate process

11)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The jejunum differs from the ileum in that the jejunum has
More circular folds
More fat in the mesentery
More numerous Peyers patches
Fewer arterial arcades in its mesentery
A wider lumen

12)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Regarding the jejunum and the ileum

Jejunum has more circular folds
Straight arteries are shorter in the ileum
Villi are more prominent in the ileum
Aggregated lymph nodules (Peyers patches) are rare in jejunum
Jejunum has a wider lumen

13)
The appendix
A. is commonly retrocaecal in position
B. is supplied by the 10th thoracic spinal segment

C. has the taenia coli of the caecum meeting at its base

D. has no mesentery
E. is supplied by a branch of the right colic artery
14)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The liver
is under cover of the lower part of the thoracic cage
is attached to the anterior abdominal wall by the falciform ligament
develops in the mesenchyme of the septum transversum
drains into the hepatic veins through the porta hapatis
is attached to the stomach by the lesser omentum

15)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The following are derivatives of the foregut

the horizontal part of the duodenum
larynx
gall blabdder
jejunum
spleen

16)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Structures that form the stomach bed

Lesser sac
Spleen
Left suprarenal gland
Body of the pancreas
Right suprarenal gland

17)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Parts of the large intestine having a mesentery

Sigmoid colon
Transverse colon
Ascending colon
Cecum
Splenic flexure

18)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Regarding the liver

Visceral surface of the liver is completely covered with peritoneum
The lesser omentum is attached to the porta hepatis
The bare area of the liver is in direct contact with the diaphragm
Quadrate and caudate lobes are structurally in the left lobe of liver
It has the hepatic vein entering the liver through the porta hepatis

19)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The transverse mesocolon is attached to

Body of pancreas
Upper pole of right kidney
Descending part of the duodenum
Left suprarenal gland
Spleen

20)
Features of the inner surface of the anal canal are
A. Prominent circular fold

B.
C.
D.
E.

Anal columns
Anal sinuses
Anal valves
Skin like appearance in its lower part

21)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The pancreas
Develops from two diverticulae
Has its main duct opening on the major dueodenal papilla
Has the islets of Langerhans mostly in its uncinate process
Is mostly a retroperitoneal structure
Is posterior to the stomach

22)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Muscles of the soft palate

Palatopharyngeus
Levator veli palatine
Stylopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus

23)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Age of eruption of the milk teeth

2-3 months
5-7 months
9-10 months
2nd year

24)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Parotid ducts open near to

1st upper molar
2nd lower molar
2nd upper molar
1st lower molar

25)
A.
B.
C.
D.

What are the muscles constricting the fauces?

Tensor palatini
Palatoglossus
Constrictor pharyngeus medius
Palatopharyngeus

26)
What muscles are responsible for the movement of the soft palate
transversely and for broadening the lumen of the auditory tube?
A. Musculus uvulae
B. Tensor veli palatini
C. Levator veli palatini
D. Palatopharyngeus
27)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Where in the oral cavity does the submandibular duct open into?
Frenulum of tongue
Frenulum of lower lip
Sublingual caruncle
Sublingual fold

28)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Borders of the retropharyngeal space

Anterior surface of bodies of the cervical vertebra
Posterior surface of the bodies of the cervical vertebrae
Prevertebral fascia
Buccopharyngeal fascia

29)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Position of the lingual tonsils

Apex of the tongue
Body of the tongue
Sides of the tongue
Root of the tongue

30)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Muscles responsible for pulling the tongue downwards and forwards

Hyoglossus
Genioglossus
Superior longitudinal muscle
Inferior longitudinal muscle

31)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures in the skull where the pharynx is attached

Tuberculum pharngeus
Pyramid of the temporal bone
Medial lamina of pterygoid process
Base of the skull

32)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Origin of the constrictor pharyngeus inferior muscle

Hyoid bone
Cricoid cartilage
Mandible
Thyroid cartilage

33)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Openings that communicate with the nasopharynx

Choanae
Fauces
Sphenoidal sinus
Auditory tube

34)
Indicate the level of transition of the pharynx into the oesophagus in the
adult
A. C6
B. C7
C. C5
D. C4
35)
What are the papillae seen on the sides of the tongue
A. Fungiform papillae
B. Vallate papillae

C. Foliate papillae
D. Filiform papillae
36)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures situated anterior to the oesophagus

Aorta
Trachea
Left atrium
Thymus

37)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Indicate the level of entrance of the oesophagus into the stomach

T9
T10
T12
L1

38)
A.
B.
C.
D.

What structures form the stomach bed?

Lesser sac
Spleen
Left suprarenal gland
Body of the pancreas

39)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Name the organs behind the body of the stomach

Transverse colon
Left kidney
Pancreas
Right kidney

40)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Parts of the stomach

Body
Cardiac part
Fundus
Pylorus

41)
A.
B.
C.
D.

What are the ligaments attached to the greater curvature of the stomach?
Gastrosplenic ligament
Hepatogaastric ligament
Gastrocolic ligament
Splenorenal ligament

42)
A.
B.
C.

Smooth muscle fibre sets in the muscularis tunica of the stomach

Circular
Oblique
Spiral

D. Vertical
43)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Parts of the duodenum located at the level of T12-L1

Horizontal part
Superior part
Descending part
Ascending part

44)
Part of the duodenum into which common biliary duct and pancreatic duct
open into
A. Ascending part
B. Descending part
C. Superior part
D. Horizontal part
45)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Parts of the intestine having lymphoid patches in its wall

Caecum
Ileum
Jejunum
Sigmoid colon

46)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Ducts opening into the greater papilla of the duodenum

Main pancreatic duct
Accessory pancreatic duct
Common bile duct
Common hepatic duct

47)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Parts of the duodenum where the greater papilla is situated

Superior part
Horizontal part
Descending part
Ascending part

48)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Parts of the large intestine having a mesentery

Sigmoid colon
Transverse colon
Ascending colon
Splenic flexure

49)
Regarding the jejunum and ileum
A. Jejunum is more thicker and more vascular than the ileum
B. The ileum has straight arteries that arise from the arterial cascades and are
shorter than those of the jejunum
C. Villi are more prominent in the ileum than the jejunum
D. Aggregated lymph nodules/Peyers patches are absent in the jejunum

50)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structural features seen in the rectum

Transverse folds
Intestinal villi
Grouped lymphoid nodules
Longitudinal folds

51)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Organs where lymphoid nodules are located

Jejunum
Rectum
Ileum
Appendix

52)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Features seen in the internal surface of the anal canal

Circular folds
Anal columns
Anal sinuses
Transverse folds

53)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Ligaments of the liver located on its visceral surface

Falciform ligament
Coronary ligament
Ligamentum teres
Ligamentum venosus

54)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures related to the head of the pancreas

Transverse mesocolon
Bile duct
Right kidney
Duodenum

55)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures entering the portal fissure

Hepatic artery
Portal vein
Common hepatic vein
Umbilical vein

56)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Biliary ducts forming the common bile duct

Cystic duct
Right hepatic duct
Left hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct

57)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Indicate the localization of the pancreas

T12
T11
L2
L1

58)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Impressions on the visceral surface of the liver

Gastric
Oesophageal
Renal
Cardiac

59)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Position of the pancreas in relation to the peritoneum

Intraperitoneal
Mesoperitoneal
Extraperitoneal
Intraperitoneal position to mesentery

60)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures at the porta hepatis

Hepatic duct
Hepatic vein
Hepatic artery
Portal vein

61)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Indicate surfaces of the liver

Anterior surface
Visceral surface
Posterior surface
Diaphragmatic surface

62)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Retroperitoneal organs
Suprarenal gland
Tail of the pancreas
Kidney
Oesophagus

63)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Attachments of the transverse mesocolon are

Body of the pancreas
Right kidney
Left suprarenal gland
Abdominal aorta

64)
A.
B.
C.
D.
65)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Regarding the transpyloric place

Body of the gallbladder lies along the plane
It passes along the head, neck and body of pancreas
Supracolic compartment les below the plane
Splenic vein joins the superior mesenteric vein to form the portal vein
Structures forming the lesser omentum
Hepatorenal ligament
Hepatogastric ligament
Gastrocolic ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament

66)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Regarding ligaments and peritoneum in relation to the liver

Falciform ligament attaches liver to the abdominal wall and diaphragm
Ligamentum teres is the obliterated remains of the left umbilical vein
Median umbilical ligament is obliterated remains of the umbilical artery
Lesser sac opens into the greater sac through the epiploic foramen

67)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures forming the anterior wall of the omental bursa

Lesser omentum
Pancreatic duct
Abdomen
Mesentery of the transverse colon

68)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures forming the greater omentum

Phrenicosplenic ligament
Gastrocolic ligament
Gastrosplenic ligament
Mesentery of the stomach

69)
A.
B.
C.
D.

Structures forming the lower part of the omental bursa

Hepatogastric ligament
Parietal peritoneum
Transverse mesocolon
Mesentery of the stomach