Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

CHEMISTRY
PROGRAM ULANGKAJI INTENSIF
(PUI)
(Intensive Revision Program-IRP)

Panitia Sains
(Kimia)

Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

PAPER 2 STRUCTURE
SECTION A
1

Graph 1 shows the temperature against time of solid substance X when heated. Substance X is an
organic compound and flammable.
Temperature / 0C

80

36

0 GRAPH 1

Time/
s

(a) Draw a diagram of the set-up of the apparatus used to determine the melting point of substance X.

[ 2 marks]
(b) (i)

(ii)

State the melting point of substance X

........................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
What is the state of matter of substance X at :
PQ : .....................................................................................................................................................
RS : ....................................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]

(iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from Q to R.

..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]
(iv) State how the movement of substance X particles changes between R and S
during heating.

[ 1 mark]

Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(c) If substance X is cooled to the room temperature without stirring, draw the graph of temperature against
time obtained.

[ 2 marks]
(d) Identify subtance X
.....................................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
2

Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements.V,W,X,Y and Z do not represent the actual
symbol of the elements.
1
18
2
13
14
15
16
17
W
X
V
Z
Y

(a)

DIAGRAM 2
Write the electron arrangement of V ion.

(b)

....................................
.
[1 mark ]
(i)
Which of the element is not chemically reactive.

.
(ii)

(c)

...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark ]
Explain your answer in (b)(i).

...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark ]
V and Y are located in the same group in the Periodic Table of Elements.
(i)
Which of the element is more reactive?

(ii)

.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark ]
Explain your answer in (c)(i).
......................................
......................................

(d)

......................................
[3 marks]
Y reacts with iron to form a compound.
(i) State one property of the compound formed.
........................................
[1 mark]

Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(ii) Draw a labeled the set up of apparatus of the reaction between Y and iron, Fe

[ 2 marks]
3 The table 3 shows melting point, boiling point and electrical conductivity of substance P, Q, R, and T .
Electrical conductivity
\Substance

Melting point (oC)

Boiling point (oC )

Solid

Molten

805

1460

No

Yes

1549

2950

Yes

Yes

-210

-153

No

No

-7

59

No

No

Table 3
(a) Which of the substances is a metal ?
.
[1 mark]
(b) (i) state the type of particle in substance P ?
..
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why substance P cannot conduct electricity in solid but can conduct electricity molten state.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) (i) What is the physical state of R and T at room temperature ?
R : ............................................
T : ......................................

[2 marks]

(ii) Draw the arrangement of particles in substance T at room temperature .

[ 2 marks ]
Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(iii) Explain why the melting and boiling points of substance R and T is low ?

.
[ 2 marks ]

The diagram 4 shows the electron arrangement of compound J. Compound J formed from reaction
between element X and element Y
__
2+
__

Diagram 4
(a)

How are Y ion and X ion formed from their respective atoms?
Y ion: ..

(b)

X ion :
[ 2 marks]
(i)
Write the formula for compound J
........................................................................................................................
(ii)

Name type of bond in compound J

........................................................................................................................

(iii)

[1 mark]

[1 mark]

Write the chemical equation for the reaction between element X and element Y to form
compound J.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(c)

(i)

Write the electron arrangement for atom of element X and Y

X :.
Y : ..

(ii)

[2 marks]

Between atom of element X and Y, which one has a smaller size.

.........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii)

Explain your answer in (b) (ii)

..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(d)

Y can react with carbon to form a compound. Draw the electron arrangement for the
compound formed.
[Given that proton number for carbon is 6]

[2 marks]
5

In an experiment to determine the empirical formula of an oxide of copper , the combustion tube with
the porcelain dish are weighed. Oxide of copper is added into the porcelain dish and the tube is
weighed again. The oxide of copper is heated strongly. After the set of apparatus cools down to room
temperature the combustion tube with its content is weighed again.
The following data is obtained.
Mass of combustion tube + porcelain dish
Mass of combustion tube + porcelain dish + oxide of copper
Mass of combustion tube +porcelain dish + copper

=
=
=

19.60 g
25.68 g
24.46 g

(a)

What is meant by empirical formula?

(b)

[1 mark]
Draw a labeled diagram of the set-up of the apparatus for the experiment.

[2 marks]
(c)

Calculate the empirical formula of the oxide of copper.

[Given that the relative atomic mass of O=16 , Cu=64]

(d)

Write the chemical equation for the reaction in the experiment.

[3 marks]
....................................
[1 mark]

Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(e)

Before oxide of copper is heated, hydrogen gas is allowed to pass through the apparatus until
all the air in the combustion tube is completely removed.
Describe the steps that should be taken to ensure that all air in the combustion tube has been
removed.

[3 marks]

(f) (i)

Can the empirical formula of magnesium oxide be determined using the same method as
above? Explain your answer.
.....................................
.....................................
[2 marks]

(ii) Draw a labeled diagram of the set-up of the apparatus for the experiment

[2 marks]
6.

Diagram 6 shows shows the chemical symbols which represent elements R, S and T.

35
17

12
6

23
11

Diagram 6
(a) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom T

[ 1 mark]
(ii) State the period and the group for element T in the Periodic Table.
Period : ...................................................
Group : ...........................................................
[2 marks]
(b)

Atoms of R and S can react to form a compound.

(i) Name the type of bond in the compound formed between atoms R and S.

[1 mark]
(ii) State one physical property of the compound formed in b(i)
..
[1 mark]

Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(c) (i) Atom of R and T can also react to form compound. Draw the electron arrangement for the
compound formed.

[2 marks]
(ii) Name the force that exist between particles in the compound formed .
........................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(iii) The melting point of the compound formed is 801 C and its boiling points is 1413 C. What is te
state of matter for this compound at 1000 C.
..........................................................................................................................
...................
[ 1 mark]
(d)

Arrange R, S and T according to the increase the atomic size

[1 mark]

Lactic acid is an acid produced in milk by bacteria that causes the milk to taste sour. Table 7 shows
the percentage of composition by mass of each element in lactic acid.
Element

Percentage

Carbon

40.00

Hydrogen

6.67

Oxygen

53.33
TABLE 7

(a) Based on the information above, calculate the empirical formula of lactic acid.
Given that the relative atomic mass of H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16

[3 marks]
(b) Relative molecular mass of lactic acid is 90. Determine the molecular formula of lactic acid.

[2 marks]
(c) Calculate the number of hydrogen atom in 1 mol of lactic acid?
Given that Avogadro number ,NA = 6.02 10 23 mol-1

[2 mark]
(d) Calculate the number of moles of 4.5 g lactic acid.
Given that the relative atomic mass of H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16
[1 mark]
Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(e) Vinegar or ethanoic acid has a similar empirical formula with lactic acid.
(i) Given that three molecules of ethanoic acid have the same mass as two molecules of lactic
acid. What is the relative molecular mass of ethanoic acid?

[1 mark]
(ii) Determine the molecular formula of ethanoic acid.

[2 marks]
8

Table 8 shows formula of four ions.

Name of ions

Silver ion

Zinc ion

Nitrate ion

Chloride ion

Formula of ions

Ag+

Zn2+

NO3-

Cl-

TABLE 8
(a) Write the formula for each compound below :
(i) Silver nitrate

............................................................................................

(ii) Zinc chloride

: .......................................................................................................

(ii) Silver chloride

: .......................................................................................................

(iii) Zinc nitrate

: .......................................................................................................

[4 marks]
(b) When silver nitrate solution is added to zinc chloride solution, white precipitate, silver chloride and
zinc nitrate solution are formed.
(i)

Identify the reactants and products of the reaction.

Reactants : .......................................................................................................................

(ii)

Products : .......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
Write the chemical equation for the reaction occurs in (b).

...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) The following equation shows the decomposition of silver nitrate by heat.
2AgNO3
2Ag
+ 2NO2
+ O2
If 85.0 g of silver nitrate is heated completely, calculate :
(i) the mass of silver formed.
Given that the relative atomic mass of N =14; O = 16; Ag =108

[3 marks]
(ii)

the volume of oxygen gas formed at room conditions.

Given that the Molar volume : 24 dm3 at room conditions

[2 marks]
Set 1

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

ESSAY SECTION B
9

(a) Diagram 9 shows the models of atoms which were developed by Ernest Rutherford and Neils Bohr
and modern atomic model.
Electron moves outside the
nucleus
Electron

Shell

Modern
atomic
structure

Nucleus contains
protons

Nucleus contains protons

Rutherfords model

Bohrs model
DIAGRAM 9

(i)

Describe th atomic structure of the Bohrs model

(ii)

What is the difference in the position of electrons between the Rutherfords model and Bohrs
model
[2 marks]
Draw the electron arrangement of an atom that consist of 13 electrons using the modern atomic
model
[2 marks]

(iii)

[4 marks]

(b) Chlorine has two isotopes which are chlorine-35 and chlorine-37.The proton number of chlorine is 17.
X
(i) Write the symbol for one of the isotope of chlorine in the form of
A
Z
[3 marks]
(ii) Compare the number of sub atomic particles in these two isotopes
[4 marks]
(c) Describe fully the atomic structure for chlorine isotope that you have stated in 1(b)(i)
[5 marks]
ESSAY SECTION C
10

(a)

The volume of 2.2 g of carbon dioxide gas is less than

the volume of 2.2 g of hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure.
Explain the above statement.
Given that relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g mol 1,
relative molecular mass of oxygen = 2 g mol 1
[3 marks]

(b)

(c)

Set 1

(i)

What is meant by empirical formula?

[ 1 mark]

(ii)

Describe an experiment in the laboratory to determine the empirical formula of

magnesium oxide. Your answer should consist of the following.
Procedures of the experiment
Calculation involved
Precautions need to be taken
Given that relative atomic mass of Mg = 24, O = 16
[13 marks]

Magnesium can reduced copper oxide to copper.

Explain why the empirical formula of the copper oxide cannot be determined by heating the
mixture of copper oxide and magnesium powder.
[ 3 marks]

10

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

11

Table 11 shows the proton number of atoms P, Q and R.

Element

Proton number

12

17

TABLE 11
(a) Based on electron arrangement, explain the formation of chemical bond between
(i)
element P and element P
[5 marks ]
(ii)

element Q and element R

[7 marks ]
(b) Gas P reacts with element Q to produce a white solid.
(iii)
Write a chemical equation for the reaction between gas P and element Q.
(ii)
State three physical properties of the white solid.
[ 4 marks]
]
(c) What is the position of elelment Q in the Periodic Table of the elements?
Explain how do you obtain your answer.
[ 4 marks ]
PAPER 3
12. The diagram below shows the apparatus set-up for the experiment to determine the freezing point of
substance X.
thermometer

Substance X
Volumetric flask

The diagram below shows the thermometer reading for the cooling of substance X at certain time
intervals.

95

90

90

90

90

85

85

85

85

80

80

80

2nd Minute

3rd minute

0 Minute

1st minute

90

90

80

75

85

85

75

70

80

70

65

4th minute
Set 1

5th minute

6th minute
11

7th Minute

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

(a)

Record the thermometer readings shown in the diagram above by completing the table below.
time/minute

Temperature/ oC
[3 marks]
(b)

Draw the graph of temperature against time on the graph paper provided.

(c)

Based on the graph in (b),

(i) State the change in temperature of substance X for the whole experiment.

[3 marks]

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(ii) State the inference for your answer in (c) (i) .

[3 marks]

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(d)

(e)

[3 marks]
What is the freezing point of substance X? Show and label it on the graph how you obtained the
answer.
.............
Based on this experiment, what is meant by freezing point?

[3 marks]

...
...
(f)

[3 marks]

If substance X is heated from room temperature until 100 oC, what is the temperature when
substance X starts to melt? Explain your answer.
.......................
[3 marks]

13

Elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table of Elements can be arranged based on the
reactivity of the elements with water.
An experiment is carried out to investigate the statement above.The table below shows the apparatus
set up and the observations for the experiment to determine the reactivity of the Group 1 elements
based on their reactions with water.
Apparatus set-up

Observation towards the metal

Lithium
water

))

Lithium moves slowly on the surface of the water

with a hiss sound.

Potassium
))
)))) )

Set 1

water

Potassium moves vigorously and randomly on the

surface of the water with a hiss sound.

12

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

sodium
water

)) )

Sodium moves quickly and randomly on the

surface of the water with a hiss sound.

(a)
State the variables that are involved in the experiment.
Name of variables
Action to be taken
(i) Manipulated variable:
(i) The way to manipulate variable:
..

..

..

...

(ii) Responding variable:

(ii) What to observe in the responding variable:

..

..

(iii) Controlled variable:

(iii) The way to maintain the controlled variable:

..

..

[6 marks]

(b)

State one hypothesis for the experiment.

[3 marks]

(c)

Based on the observations in the figure above, arrange lithium, potassium and sodium in the
descending order of reactivity of metals towards water.

Descending order of reactivity of metals towards water.

[3 markah]
(d)

Solution X was produced from the reaction of sodium with water. Classify the ions that exist in
solution X into positive ions and negative ions.
Positive Ions

Negative Ions

[3 marks]

Set 1

13

Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1

14
When lithium metal is put in water, it moves very slowly on the surface of the water. When sodium
metal is put in water, it moves quite fast and produces hiss sound. When potassium metal is put in
water, it moves very fast and produces small explosions.
Metal

Water

Plan an experiment in the laboratory to investigate the reactivity of lithium, sodium and potassium with water
and describe the effect of the solution produced towards a red litmus paper.
The planning of your experiment must consist of the following:
(a) Aim of experiment
(b) Statement of the hypothesis
(c) All the variables
(d) List of substances and apparatus
(e) Procedure of the experiment
(f) Tabulation of data
[17 marks]

Set 1

14