Cover story:
Record pipelaying in the
Norwegian Sea
Page 42
Investigating pipeline
airborne leak
detection
Creating an effective
crack management
programme
Page 14
Page 34
www.ndt-global.com
Canada | Germany | Malaysia | Mexico | Russia | Singapore | Spain | U.A.E | USA
CONTENTS
INSPECTION
INDUSTRY NEWS
Pipeline postcards 10
Young pipeliners lead the way 12
PROJECTS
NEW TECHNOLOGY
INTERVIEW
AGEING PIPELINES
Ageing Pipelines Conference is a hit
in Belgium 30
INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT
Cased pipeline integrity management 46
RISK MANAGEMENT
Certifications: The Leaning Tree Incident 48
UPCOMING EVENTS
How to get the most out of the 2016 PPIM
Conference and Exhibition 50
PPIM Exhibitors 52
PPIM Conference Programme 54
Pipeline industry experts to meet in Bahrain
as region prepares for pipeline development 56
Cover story
:
Record pipela
ying in the
Norwegian Sea
Page 42
Investigating
pipeline
airborne leak
detection
Page 14
Creating an
effective
crack manag
ement
programme
Page 34
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Cover story:
Record pipelaying in the
Norwegian Sea
Page 42
Investigating pipeline
airborne leak
detection
Creating an effective
crack management
programme
Page 14
Page 34
John Tiratsoo
Lyndsie Clark
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WORLD WRAP
WORLD WRAP
The final pipe has been laid in the Polarled Pipeline, which will open up a new highway for gas
from the Norwegian Sea to Europe. The 482.4 km, 36 inch pipeline was laid at a depth of
1,260 m and is the first pipeline on the Norwegian continental shelf that crosses the Arctic Circle,
as well as the deepest pipeline on the Norwegian continental shelf. The pipeline extends from
Nyhamna in Mre og Romsdal, western Norway, to the Aasta Hansteen field in the Norwegian
Sea, and was laid by the worlds largest pipelaying vessel, Solitaire from Allseas. It is the first time
that a 36 inch pipe has been laid at such a depth. The pipelaying work commenced in March
this year and consists of more than 40,000 pipes, each of which is 12 m in length. The pipelines
capacity will be up to 70 MMm3/d of gas.
Gazprom has said it will reduce the planned capacity of its proposed TurkStream gas pipeline
project in favour of expanding the existing Nord Stream gas pipeline. The capacity of the
TurkStream pipeline is now expected to be 32 Bm3/a of gas. Proposed as an alternative to
Russias South Stream Pipeline project, which was cancelled due to opposition from the European
Union, the TurkStream project initially planned to carry 63 Bm3/a of gas from Russia to Europe
via Turkey. Turkey is expected to use 16 Bm3/a to meet domestic needs, while the remaining will
be transported to Europe. The project is estimated to cost approximately 11.4 billion
(US$12.5 billion). Gazprom has said that 660 km of the offshore pipeline route will be laid
within the old corridor of the South Stream pipeline, and 250 km within a new pipeline corridor
toward the European part of Turkey. The offshore pipeline will run across the Black Sea from
the Russkaya compressor station near Anapa to Kiyikoy village in the European part of Turkey.
The 180 km onshore section of the pipeline will run to Ipsala on the border between Turkey and
Greece via Luleburgaz. The first pipeline section is expected to be complete by December 2016.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
www.pipelinesinternational.com
NEWS IN BRIEF
Signature pipeline
inspection system
hits 1,000 successful
runs
PII Pipeline Solutions (PII) recently
celebrated 1,000 successful pipeline
inspection runs of its next generation
MagneScan inspection tool for assessing
metal loss features, deformation, and
geometry, as well as advanced integrity
assessments in oil and gas pipelines.
Using high resolution magnetic
flux leakage technology (MFL), PIIs
signature inspection system has
distilled and enhanced the capability
of all multiple legacy MFL, caliper,
and inertial measurement unit (IMU)
mapping systems into a single system,
reducing the number of runs required
to meet a specification.
Launched in 2009, the inspection
tool has delivered over six years of
year on year growth in numbers of
runs. This super-high resolution, multi
mission tool has provided increasingly
high levels of first run success and
reliability to customers across the globe
and offers a higher specification of
data than previously available from a
single run.
The tools have completed more than
50,000 km of inspections in pipelines from
6-36 inches, with a longest run of 560 km
since launch. The tools achieved 95 per
cent first run success in 2013, 2014, and in
2015, at the time of publication.
NEWS IN BRIEF
Keystone XL permit
denied
US President Barack Obama has
denied a Presidential Permit to build the
proposed 1,897 km, 36 inch diameter
Keystone XL Pipeline.
TransCanada Corporation has
flagged the option of filing a new
application for a cross border crude oil
pipeline from Canada to the US.
Notice something
new?
IN BRIEF
Get social
Pipelines International is now on
Facebook! Join your industry peers by
connecting with us at www.facebook.
com/PipelinesInternational
TransCanada to sell
gas pipeline stake
TransCanada Corporation has
entered into an agreement to sell
a 49.9 per cent interest in Portland
Natural Gas Limited Partnership to
its master limited partnership, TC
PipeLines, for a purchase price of
US$223 million.
ABOVE: STATS Group completed isolation of a 24 inch pressurised gas line in Qatar.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
ABOVE: Rosens mobile diagnostic unit was onsite for viewing at the unveiling of the companys new R Service.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
INDUSTRY NEWS
Pipeline
postcards
CM
MY
CY
CMY
Australia Pacific LNG Pipelines Project Early Works (FEED) and EPC Contracts
@Pipelines
Lake District, UK.
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BUILDING CIVIL ELECTRICAL FABRICATION MAINTENANCE MARINE MECHANICAL PIPELINES RAIL TUNNELLING
INDUSTRY NEWS
MEMBERSHIP OPTIONS
Two types of memberships are offered within
the YPP organisation: Student Membership,
which is free to students interested in the pipeline
industry, and Standard Membership.
The YPP is actively seeking partnerships with
universities across the country to encourage their
students to join the organisation. The YPP has
also partnered with several long-standing pipeline
associations such as the American Society for
Mechanical Engineers, SGA, PRCI, and the
Interstate Natural Gas Association of America to
promote leadership and encourage their young
employees to join.
As the YPP membership pool expands, the
YPP has plans to formulate local chapters across
the nation and continue its education and
networking efforts.
NEW TECHNOLOGY
NEW TECHNOLOGY
www.pipelinesinternational.com
LEAKAGE INDICATORS
To evaluate these technologies effectively,
C-FER Technologies and Alberta Innovates Technology Futures (AITF), with support from
Enbridge, TransCanada, Kinder Morgan
(Canada) and government agencies, carried out
laboratory testing and numerical modelling to
gain a better understanding of possible leakage
indicators produced from a liquid pipeline leak.
These indicators include temperature
differentials, volatile organic compound (VOC)
concentrations, and induced ground
displacement. The numerical models focused
upon subsurface liquid hydrocarbon leak
behaviour and provided information regarding
the dispersion and evolution of VOCs migrating
from the leakage point through the soil to the
ground surface.
Once the VOCs breached the surface, the data
acquired were used to develop atmospheric
dispersion models to predict the VOC gas plume
characteristics at several elevations within the
atmosphere in the vicinity of the fluid leak
location. A variety of wind conditions and
altitudes were analysed to fully characterise the
gas plume. In addition to VOC models, AITF
also numerically modelled the fluid dispersion,
NEW TECHNOLOGY
and associated temperature distribution and
geomechanical effects resulting from a subsurface
liquid release.
U.S. toll free 800 383 2666 | Intl. toll free 800 9675 3948
pipeline@wwmach.com | www.superiormftg.com
NEW TECHNOLOGY
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY
BELOW: Laptop computer applications for gas pipeline
design.
Clearly see the most accurate data available to confirm your pipelines integrity
and meet or exceed stringent pipeline regulatory requirements.
Our vast experience and full range of high-resolution pipeline inspection
technologies reliably deliver precise anomaly information for use in your asset
integrity planning decisions.
Visit BakerHughes.com/Inspection and clearly see how to make the best pipeline
business decisions.
2015 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 43460 10/2015
NEW TECHNOLOGY
DRIVING PRINCIPLE
At Work Rios applications rely on these key
drivers:
Must be practical and speedy
Must be simple
Does not require any training.
The application has therefore been designed so
that managers, planners, and engineers can start
using the application immediately and will take
advantage of it. It is practical, in that it supports
the complete design process for a gas pipeline
while substantially reducing the working time
normally required for a conceptual design.
Pipeline modelling is done for each configuration
in the case of GasPipelineDesign and
GasPipelineExpansion and does not require any
additional work, saving time and resources.
It is rapid and has been designed and optimised
to run hundreds to thousands of simulations in a
very efficient way to get the results, including the
reports, within seconds, depending only on the
quality of the internet connection.
CHALLENGING SCENARIO
Imagine yourself at a meeting, a restaurant, or
even playing golf, and a fellow CEO asks you
about a new gas pipeline or a branch expansion
CONCLUSION
This innovative technology is designed to
improve the design process of a gas pipeline. It is
multiplatform (Mac OSX, Windows, Linux, iOS,
Android) based on mobile devices (smart phone,
tablets, and notebooks), as well as being able to be
run through the web by simply using a web
browser. Following the concept summarised by
Harvards Michael Porter that Companies
achieve competitive advantage through acts of
innovation [1], At Work Rios focus is to provide
its clients with state-of-the-art, innovative, and
mobile applications that will improve their
productivity in gas pipeline conceptual designs
and feasibility studies through the use of simple,
practical, accurate, and rapid solutions.
Reference
1. Michael E. Porter, 1990. The competitive
advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review,
March, https://hbr.org/1990/03/thecompetitive-advantage-of-nations/ar/1
NEW TECHNOLOGY
SCADA virtualisation
By Kelly Doran, Schneider Electric, Calgary, AB, Canada
In the past several years, virtualisation has been transforming the information technology world. Organisations
are faced with ongoing challenge of IT budget reductions, stricter regulatory requirements and the need to
support changing business initiatives and drivers.
NEW TECHNOLOGY
the number of servers to two per site, which is a
major server consolidation.
THE VIRTUALISATION
REVOLUTION
On older systems, if a CPU is running close to
its capacity, there is some risk it could slow down
computing to an unacceptable level or lock up
and result in a failover to another server.
In some cases, through virtualisation, a
SCADA system could gain as much as a 75 per
cent boost in performance based on increased
computing power of the newer, more powerful
host servers.
By providing a system where the CPU
utilisation is significantly reduced, it clearly
impacts the computing performance. Lower CPU
numbers result in faster and safer systems and a
better user experience for all users.
Virtualisation is a business strategy that can
reduce costs, strengthen resiliency of the SCADA
system, and enhance capacity for more robust
and advanced IT analysis.
The worlds
largest global
LNG event
ABOVE: A SCADA control room.
CM
MY
CY
CMY
18th International
Conference & Exhibition on
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG 18)
in Perth, capital of Australias largest state
Western Australia and the foundation
of Australias LNG industry.
Register before
4 November 2015
and save
www.lng18.org
of FLNG,
subsea technology and coal seam gas to LNG
for delegates with
all lunches and social functions included in the registration fee
Networking will be unprecedented with high level
representatives from over 95 countries and 750 companies
to the newest LNG projects
around Australia
Event Owners
Supporting Association
PERFORMANCE
AT WORK.
W
ABOVE: The 71H pipelayer offers the pipeline industry
a solution for a utility-capacity machine in the Tier 4
Interim/EU Stage IIIB class, designed for lifting 27,200 kg
(60,000 pounds).
The all-new Cat PL83 pipelayer is purpose-built to meet your unique demands providing increased lift capacity,
enhanced slope capability, ease of operation, performance and transportability. The Cat C15 ACERT engine meets
global emission standards for U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final/EU Stage IV or Tier 3/Stage IIIA equivalent emission standards,
depending on your region. And like every Cat machine, the PL83 pipelayer is designed for long life, serviceability and
rebuild capability to help keep your owning and operating costs low.
PipeLine Machinery International (PLM) is your global Cat dealer for the pipeline construction industry and
delivers maximum performance through quality machinery, solutions and people were ready to go to work for you.
PIPELAYER SPECIFICATIONS
Lift Capacity at Tipping Point (ISO 8813):
Operating Weight:
238 kW
319 hp
Net Power (ISO 9249, Tier 3/EU Stage IIIA Equiv.): 245 kW
329 hp
USA: +1-713-939-0007
Canada: +1-780-377-0336
China: +1-86-10-5960-1509
Netherlands: +31-70-353-8279
Australia: +61-423-394-730
www.plmcat.com
2015 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved. CAT, CATERPILLAR, BUILT FOR IT, their respective logos, Caterpillar Yellow, the Power Edge trade dress as well as
corporate and product identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.
THE CONFERENCE
THE EXPOSITION
THE ENVIRONMENT
STABILITY
Machine stability remains a known issue with
pipelayer and sideboom machinery.
SAFETY
Safety improvements are continually being
made within the pipelayer/sideboom industry.
Caterpillar pipelayers have a number of
features that have been adapted with safety in
mind.
Ms Rivera says Caterpillar has engineered the
application Roll Over Protective Structure
(ROPS) for each specific PL model pipelayer, as
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Each pipeline construction spread is different,
requiring contractors to think carefully about the
machinery that would best suit the project.
Pipelayer and sideboom manufacturers offer
many different options for pipeline projects, while
taking key issues such as safety and the
environment into consideration.
In addition, pipelayer and sideboom machinery
is continually developing. The industry continues
to improve the transportability of the equipment,
develop accessories to improve operator comfort
and efficiency, and to engineer machinery
required for new trends in the pipeline industry.
PLM is heavily involved in the regulatory and
the industry associations as it walks its way into an
ever-changing world of safety and quality, Ms
Rivera says.
300
1,500
45
200
5,000
Join representatives
from 45 countries
spanning the globe.
ipcyyc.com
Conference Patrons
50
internationalpipelineexposition.com
Media Sponsor
AGEING PIPELINES
AGEING PIPELINES
AGEING VS OLD
Dr Phil Hopkins of his UK-based company
PHL set the scene with a keynote address that
discussed not only issues of ageing, but also of
competence and the importance (in increasing
order) of training, monitoring, and experience in
achieving this.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Papers that followed from the first session of the
conference covered various new and emerging
technologies that can help operators in inspecting
and identifying issues to do with ageing in their
infrastructure. These included a description, by
Michael Tarkanian of Massachusetts Materials
Technology, of an exciting new concept for
in-the-ditch measurement of the mechanical
properties of steel pipelines with a portable NDT
device, and the use of optical emission spectrometry
for analysing low-carbon steel, described by Otto
Jan Huising of Nederlandse Gasunie.
Robotic internal inspection devices were
introduced by Alexandre Reiss of Inspector
Systems of Germany, following which Gary
Senior, of Pipeline Integrity Engineers of the
UK, described Project GRAID (Gas Robotic
Agile Inspection Device), an interesting
MAINTAINING FITNESS-FORSERVICE
The next session of the conference started to
focus delegates interest on how to deal with the
ageing infrastructure itself, and the decisions that
are required to maintain long-term integrity and
fitness-for-service. Both Dr Brian Leis (of his
consultancy BN Leis Consultants, based in
Worthington, Ohio) and Bill Amend of DNV GL
in Dublin, Ohio, gave their views of the
challenges faced by North American pipeline
operators, and suggested some solutions. Chuck
Harris, of T.D. Williamson in Houston, then
looked at the issue of missing data, which is often
discussed when operators gather together, and for
which there are emerging solutions.
RESEARCH PROJECTS
The second day of the conference had a more
scientific focus, with various presentations on
research projects that are both completed or
underway. Among these, Ton van Wingerden and
his co-authors of DNV GL in Netherlands
discussed dealing with ageing gas pipeline assets;
Paul Roovers of Fluxys, Belgium, and his
co-authors introduced European Pipeline
Research Group project 177/2014 on the
assessment of corrosion associated with girth or
long-seam welds in vintage pipelines; and one of
the events co-organisers, Prof. Stijn Hertel of
the Soete Laboratory, University of Gent, and his
co-authors described the development of collapse
equations for corroded girth welds in vintage
pipelines.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
AGEING PIPELINES
time-dependent degradation mechanisms:
corrosion and fatigue. This qualitative approach is
partly due to relatively few pipeline failures
having been attributed to fatigue. However, as
pipelines age, this might change, and it is worth
noting that two of the most serious pipeline
failures in recent years in North America have
been partly blamed on fatigue.
Dr Cosham went on to show that the fatigue
life of a pipeline subjected to in-service pressure
cycling can be estimated using S-N curves, or
fatigue-crack-growth calculations using fracture
mechanics. The similarities and differences, and
the advantages and disadvantages, of these two
methods were discussed, and the presentation
outlined the common pitfalls in fatigue
calculations, including the reliance on software
(the black box approach), the paucity of
toughness data, and the limited understanding of
the rates of fatigue crack growth in a pipeline.
This paper concludes that integrity
management plans for ageing pipelines will need
to place an increasing emphasis on monitoring
fatigue due to pressure cycling. Recording and
CASE STUDIES
The final session of the conference included
two case studies. Dr Bob Andrews of MACAW
Engineering reviewed an onshore pipeline failure
investigation in which a 26 inch gas pipeline
constructed in 1972 failed in 2012: after a
detailed investigation, repeated ductile tearing
from large pressure changes was considered the
most likely cause. Moving offshore, Hugo van
Merrienboer of Netherlands-based TAQA
Energy then considered the use of a negative
exponential expression to predict the failure
frequency of a flexible pipeline from casuistic
failure data, and how this process can define
preventative maintenance challenges.
EXTREME-VALUE THEORY
The events final paper was a second
presentation by Tobias Fletcher, describing the
globalpetroleumshow.com
LOOKING AHEAD
Despite the problems raised by the increasing
age of the pipeline infrastructure (and, maybe, of
those who operate it), comfort can be taken from
the fact that failures do not occur as a
consequence of age alone. This event, which it is
hoped will develop into a series, showed that there
are processes and solutions available for many of
the issues involved and, with care and diligence,
there is no reason why the infrastructure should
not continue operating safely for many decades
to come.
@petroleumshow
INSPECTION
INSPECTION
Effective implementation of a
crack in-line inspection
programme
By John Munro, Millan Sen and Larry Heise, Enbridge Pipelines Inc.,
Edmonton, AB, Canada
Crack in-line inspection (ILI) technology plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of a pipeline.
However, a robust crack management programme requires a safety management system approach, utilising a
comprehensive suite of tools.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
Crack Assessment
Year
Maximum
Operating Pressure
(MOP) (psi)
Calculated Failure
Pressure (psi)
Met Excavation
Criteria?
2007 approach
1378
2032
No
2012 approach
1378
1698
Yes
TABLE 1: Assessment of Failure Defect (2007 vs. 2012 Crack Management Criteria).
INSPECTION
INSPECTION
VALIDATION OF PROGRAMME
PERFORMANCE THROUGH
HYDROSTATIC TESTING
www.pipelinesinternational.com
CONCLUSION
Crack ILI tools have been in use in North
America for over 20 years, and throughout that
timeframe there have been considerable
enhancements in crack detection and sizing
capabilities, data analysis techniques, and overall
execution of integrity management programmes.
The 2012 failure on Line 14 revealed that the
2007 crack management programme was
insufficient for establishing the integrity of the line.
It is only through implementing a comprehensive
crack management programme, in which safety
management principles are incorporated, that
crack ILI technology can be truly effective.
This case study highlights the criticality of:
Retroactively applying advancements in
analytics to previous ILI data to ensure
anomalies are appropriately identified.
Disclaimer
Any information or data pertaining to Enbridge Employee
Services Canada Inc., or its affiliates, contained in this article
was provided to the authors with the express permission of
Enbridge Employee Services Canada Inc., or its affiliates.
Enbridge Employee Services Canada Inc. and its affiliates
and their respective employees, officers, director and agents
shall not be liable for any claims for loss, damage or costs, of
any kind whatsoever, arising from any errors, inaccuracies or
incompleteness of the information and data contained in this
article or for any loss, damage or costs that may arise from
the use or interpretation of this article.
This article is the second in a series of three to be published in Pipelines International detailing
Enbridges experience with best-in-class inspection technology and associated analytical
approaches. Details of the third article in the series, to be published in the March 2016
edition, are below:
Reliability engineering: a target-driven approach to integrity management
In the past several years, Enbridge has gathered an extensive amount of data from ILI,
investigative excavations, pipe replacements and hydrostatic tests. This collation of evidence,
and the analytics that have followed, have resulted in a data-driven model using principles
of reliability engineering to advance pipeline safety.
This methodology allows pipeline conditions to be objectively assessed in terms of the level
of remaining uncertainty by using probability statistics, which are benchmarked against
historical incident data. The effectiveness of additional measures such as hydrostatic testing
can be quantified, allowing operators to determine actions within an overall integrity
management programme decision framework in order to meet required thresholds of safety.
INSPECTION
INSPECTION
Each UPSF programme offers additional unique solutions and can help
determine what the problem is, address unique construction obstacles, and
envision alternate solutions.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
INTERVIEW
INTERVIEW
www.pipelinesinternational.com
PROJECTS
PROJECTS
LEFT: The pipeline was laid by the worlds largest
pipelaying vessel, Solitaire from Allseas.
All images source: Statoil.
Record-breaking
Polarled Pipeline
opens up new gas route
The final pipe was recently laid in the Statoil-operated Polarled Pipeline,
which will open up a new highway for gas from the Norwegian Sea to
Europe.
FIELD DEVELOPMENT
The Aasta Hansteen field will be run from
Harstad, Statoils new Operations North organisation.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
RECORD PIPELAYING
Adding to the impressive scale of this project,
the Polarled Pipeline was laid by the worlds
largest pipelaying vessel, Solitaire from Dutch
installation contractor Allseas.
PROJECTS
C
The pipelaying work commenced in March this
year and consists of more than 40,000 pipes, each
of which is 12 m in length. The pipelines
capacity will be up to 70 MMm3/d of gas.
During the start-up in March the pipeline was
pulled in to Nyhamna and during September,
arrived at the Aasta Hansteen field.
D
partners in Polarled, submitted the plan for the
pipelines installation and operation to the
Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. The
investment for the Polarled development is
estimated at US$4.38 billion.
Initially, only gas from Aasta Hansteen will be
transported through Polarled, however the
pipeline has space for more.
We have therefore installed six connection
points or future slip roads to the new gas
highway, said Mr Ivarjord.
www.clarion.org
ORGANIZERS
INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT
INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT
Cased pipeline
integrity
management
By Murielle Bouchardy and Karine Kutrowski, Bureau
Veritas, Paris, France; and Anne Chauvancy and
Christophe Drevond, TIGF, Pau, France
Frances Bureau Veritas and TIGF have developed a smart sampling
approach which delivers better allocation of inspection resources for the
integrity management of cased pipelines.
RISK-BASED APPROACH
TIGF, a gas transmission operator with an
extensive pipeline network in France, decided to
build an integrity system for its network and chose
Bureau Veritas as its partner to develop its
risk-based approach since 2006. Specific work
about cased pipelines began in 2014 and the
baseline data gathering for the integrity system
implementation is currently underway.
DATA COLLECTION
Building the asset integrity system for cased
pipes begins with collecting the data on all the
www.pipelinesinternational.com
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISK MANAGEMENT
Certifications:
The Leaning Tree Incident
By W. Kent Muhlbauer, WKM
Consulting, Austin, TX, USA
COMPLETENESS
OPPORTUNITY FOR
COMPLETENESS
For certification purposes, we make a
distinction between actually recording the threat
versus having the opportunity to record the
threat. If we see the dead tree leaning over the
marker post directly over the pipeline, but have
no way to capture this in the risk assessment, the
risk assessment is flawed. On the other hand, a
risk assessment that is ready to capture and assess
this obscure scenario meets minimum
requirements, even if that threat was not input.
Falling objects should already be a consideration,
and this particular scenario should be additive to
all similar scenarios e.g. falling buildings, utility
poles, rockslides, etc. All threats are analysed via
independent evaluations of the exposure,
www.pipelinesinternational.com
ACCURACY
So, a certification-seeker has produced risk
estimates using their risk estimation processes on
the test data. What if their risk estimates differ
significantly from the benchmark results? Without
agreement on true risk estimates, how can
certification be accomplished? The answer is that
correct risk assessments can produce a wide
range of risk estimates for exactly the same
scenario, depending on factors such as:
assumptions employed when information
is missing or weak
target level of conservatism desired.
Furthermore, since our risk estimates must
contain elements of probability, we will usually
not know their true accuracy for decades, so
insistence on matching certain numeric values is
not appropriate. For certification purposes, as for
many other uses, the risk profile is the key. The
profile is often the most useful output of the risk
assessment. This means it is also a central element
of a certification.
A profile shows changes in risk along the
pipeline route and demonstrates aspects central to
acceptability of risk estimation:
GAINING CERTIFICATION
To conclude this initial discussion, lets
recognise that 1) growing stakeholder concerns
can be at least partially addressed by independent
evaluation of pipeline risk management processes
and 2) producing a fair and useful evaluation of
risk management processes requires some thought
and planning. As described here, the effort is
underway!
UPCOMING EVENTS
UPCOMING EVENTS
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HOW TO REGISTER
Registrations are available now via the event
website: www.ppimhouston.com
Make sure you start 2015 informed of the latest
practices and products shaping the pigging and
in-line management industry register before
4 January 2016 for the PPIM Conference early
bird discount.
UPCOMING EVENTS
EXIT
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BAR
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GOLD SPONSOR
705
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306
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GOLD SPONSOR
NDT Global provides in-line inspections (ILIs) operating with a group of highly
skilled pipeline specialists. For offshore and onshore ILI, NDT offers highresolution magnetic-flux leakage and ultrasonic wall-thickness and crack-detection
tools. NDT also provides sophisticated mapping, data- integration and data-management
capabilities.
Visit NDT Global at booths 114 and 116.
Enduro is a vertically integrated manufacturer/supplier of all
types of pipeline scraper metal body, uni-body (all uerathane) for
uni-directional and bi-directional applications used to clean and
maintain pipe international surfaces, complete line of attachments
offered to accomplish all pigging applications and uses.
Visit Enduro Pipeline Services at booths 211, 213, 215, 310, 312 and 314.
EXIT
PATIO SEATING
T-2
T-3
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COVERED
WALKWAY
COVERED
WALKWAY
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SILVER SPONSOR
T-7
PLATINUM SPONSOR
Precision Pigging is pleased to be a Platinum Sponsor of PPIM 2016. Providing high-resolution geometry/
deformation services to the pipeline industry for over 15 years, Precision Pigging continues to experience an
Precision Pigging, LLC
extraordinary rate of growth. State-of-the-art technology, ongoing research and development, and commitment to
providing the highest level of customer service distinguish Precision Piggings approach to integrity management.
Rapid onsite deployment capabilities with single-contact project management allows Precision Pigging to meet the scheduledependent needs of their clients with ease. 2016 will mark a new era of further growth for Precision Pigging.
Visit Precision Pigging at booths 117, 119, 128 and 129.
Quest Integrity Group provides turnkey pipeline integrity management services, including highly
accurate, technology-enabled inspection and advanced assessment solutions focused on unpiggable
and difficult to inspect pipelines, as well as project management and in-line inspection support.
InVistaTM is an ultrasonic in-line inspection technology that accommodates 324 inch diameters,
is bi-directional and provides 100 per cent overlapping coverage of geometry and metal-loss features in a single pass.
LifeQuestTM Pipeline software provides advanced fitness-for-service assessment using 100 per cent of the inspection
data. The advanced inspection and assessment solution provides maximum allowable operating pressure for the entire
pipe length and follows API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 local thinning assessment methodology. Quest Integrity Group is a
TEAM Industrial Services company.
Visit Quest Integrity Group at booths 132 and 133.
105
135
Clock Spring will be exhibiting several products at PPIM 2016. As always, the original Clock
Spring for pipeline repairs and reinforcement will be the focal point, in addition to several
derivative products. New to the Clock Spring booth this year will be the demonstration of
the Conformable Eddy Current Array. The array is a corrosion mapping tool used to create a digital rubbing of corrosion
on a pipeline. The device can quickly scan, map, and calculate maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) in a matter
of seconds, and the files can be easily emailed from a laptop computer that is used in the field. The array is essential to
confirming in-line inspection data and MAOP verification.
Visit Clock Spring at booth 218.
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EXIT
SILVER SPONSOR
Attending PPIM 2016 next February? If so, you probably know that this
international exhibition and conference provides attending operators with
exceptional technical presentations and hands-on opportunities. However, did you
also know that this years attendees will benefit from several new opportunities to
further their professional development, increase the throughput of their systems, and ensure
the long-term integrity of their assets? Global pipeline service provider T.D. Williamson will be
in attendance as an event Silver sponsor to present topics such as acquiring actionable in-line
inspection data in low-pressure, low-flow conditions, as well as to provide one-on-one training for
revenue-driving technologies, such as automated pig launching and receiving. Schedule time in
advance with a TDW expert: TDWonTour@tdwilliamson.com
Visit TDW at booths 120, 122 and 124.
704
603
Pigs Unlimited International, Inc. has been a trusted manufacturer of pipeline pigs
for over 20 years, but as its unlimited name suggests, the company offers much more.
Stop by Pigs Unlimiteds booth to check out its full line of innovative pigging products
which include several styles of closures, launcher/receivers, pig detectors, revolutionary
transmitters and receivers as well as the companys new disposable transmitters,
featuring industry leading run-time and a completely sealed body at a reasonable price.
Visit Pigs Unlimited at booths 316 and 217.
507 509
EXIT
MEN
BREAK
Check out the latest technology, products and services at the PPIM
Exhibition. Over 100 of the worlds top providers of pigging, in-line
inspection, and integrity management services will be represented. Here,
Pipelines International highlights its key supporters in attendance, and the
events major sponsors.
GOLD SPONSOR
60
PPIM Exhibitors
UPCOMING EVENTS
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LUNCH & BREAK STATION
BAR
T-22
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T-14
SILVER SPONSOR
EXIT
ONLY
T- 16 T- 15
Halfwave is a global leader in inspection services based on acoustic resonance technology to the oil
and gas industry. The companys Pipeline and Subsea Inspection division offers services including
the ART Gas Scanner and other services under development.
Visit Halfwave at booth 410.
T-12
T-21
T- 19 T- 18 T- 17
SILVER SPONSOR
Girard Industries
has been a leading
manufacturer of
pipeline pigs since 1968 and continues
to manufacture a full line of pipeline
cleaning pigs including steel-mandrel
pigs, polyurethane spheres, polly-pigs,
soli-cast polyurethane Turbo Pigs, as well
as replacement cups and discs for any pig
on the market. Girards product line also
includes spheres cups and discs in both
neoprene and nitrile, pig detectors, pig
tracking equipment, and other piggingrelated products.
Visit Girard Industries at booth 705.
www.pipelinesinternational.com
UPCOMING EVENTS
UPCOMING EVENTS
Thursday 11 February
Crack topics
Data topics
8:00
8:30
9:00
9:30
Coffee
Tuesday 9 February
Exhibition opens, 5:00 pm Reception in Exhibition
Wednesday 10 February
8:30
Introduction
8:45
9:15
9:45
10:15
Coffee
11:00
11:30
[5] Rational test pressure levels for mitigating the pipe manufacturing defect integrity threat in natural-gas pipelines
by Michael Rosenfeld and Jing Ma, Kiefner/Applus-RTD, Columbus, OH, USA
12:00
[6] A predictive model for optimizing hydrostatic test pressures in seam-welded pipelines
by Dr Ted Anderson, Team Industrial Services, Denver, CO, USA
12:30
Lunch
1:30
[13] Caliper ILI experience in deep water: the Brazil pre-salt area
by Vinicius Lima, Jose Augusto da Silva, and Rodrigo Antunes,
PipeWay Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2:00
2:30
3:00
Coffee
3:30
4:00
4:30
Panel Session
In-Ditch NDE Technologies for Detecting and Sizing Cracks
and Seam-Weld Anomalies
Moderator: Sergio Lmon, Stress Engineering Services
Panelists:
Stephen Cox, SGS Pipeline Integrity Assured Solutions
Harvey Haines, Applus RTD / IWEX
Shayan Haque, JENTEK Sensors
Sean Riccardelli, Riccardelli Consulting Services (RCS)
Greg Schow, Athena Industrial Services/ECHO 3D
Martin Theriault, Eddyfi
10:45
11:15
11:45
12:15
Lunch
1:30
2:00
[38] Predicting the future: applying corrosion-growth rates derived from repeat ILI runs
by Jane Dawson, PII Pipeline Solutions, Cramlington, UK, and Lautaro Ganim, PII Pipeline Solutions, Buenos Aires, Argentina
2:30
[39] A new way of meeting the timing requirements of the HCA IMP with ILI
by Bryce Brown, Rosen USA Inc, Houston, USA
3:00
Coffee
3:15
[40] Retrofitting pigging functionality in unpiggable pipelines: using type-approved double-block-and-bleed isolation plugs
by Dale Millward, STATS Group, Aberdeen, UK
3:45
4:15
End of conference
Materials topics
[19] Effect of calibration of measurements
on integrity reliability analysis
by Karmun Cheng, Mona Abdolrazaghi,
Sherif Hassanien, and Alex Nemeth,
Enbridge Liquids Pipelines, Edmonton, AB,
Canada
Offshore topics
[7] Preparing for successful ILI runs: a case study
by P.J. Robinson, T.D. Williamson, Tulsa. OK, USA
5:00
10:15
www.pipelinesinternational.com
UPCOMING EVENTS
UPCOMING EVENTS
www.pipelinesinternational.com
EVENTS
201
6
28th
YEAR
February 811, 2016, Houston
ONSHORE PIPELINE
ENGINEERING
COURSE
Newcastle, UK
www.tiratsootechnical.com
79 JUNE 2016
INTERNATIONAL PIPELINE
CONFERENCE AND
EXPOSITION
ENGINEERING
13 MARCH 20165
Manama, Bahrain
www.clarion.org
For more information and to purchase the online courses,
visit www.tiratsootechnical.com
PIPELINE
Newcastle, UK
www.tiratsootechnical.com
JOURNAL OF
www.j-pipe-eng.com
ADVERTISERS INDEX
American Augers
Baker Hughes
Enduro Pipeline Services
Girard Pipeline Pigs
Global Petroleum Show
IPC 2016
LNG 18
21
19
OBC
32
33
29
25
Maats B.V.
McConnell Dowell
Nacap Australia Pty Ltd
NDT Global
Pigs Unlimited
PipeLine Machinery International
Power Associates International Inc
23
11
1
IFC
24
27
20
13
17
3
5
16
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Cover story:
Record pipelaying in the
Norwegian Sea
Page 42
Page 14
Page 34
The Major Pipeline Systems of Canada map provides an overview of existing major
pipeline systems in Canada that are over 100km in length. The map includes the
name, owner, product, approximate length and diameter of the pipeline.
Norman Wells
YUKON TERRITORY
Information used to collate this map was directly provided by companies, the
National Energy Board (NEB) and the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association
(CEPA).
N U N A V U T
Whitehorse
Ontario (16%)
Yellowknife
Toad River
Summit Lake
20
Prophet River
Trutch
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Saskatchewan (19%)
Anzac
Richmond
Edmonton
Calgary
Hope
15
97%
Moose Jaw
Avonlea
Auden
Deer
Brandon
9 10
Winnipeg
Hudson
Domain
Kirkland Lake
Thunder Bay
Normetal
NEW BRUNSWICK
Edmundston
Moncton
14
Oromocto
San Jose
Trois-Rivieres
Drummondville
Laniel
Lachute
PRODUCT
Crude oil
LENGTH
1,069 km
INDIANA
30
DELAWARE
Washington D.C.
13
Topeka
Victoriaville
Saint John
3 Grand Bay
NOVA
SCOTIA
Natural gas
1,560 km
3642 inches
Natural gas
143 km
30 inch
VIRGINIA
29
Canadian Mainline
TransCanada Pipelines
Natural gas
14,114 km
36 inch
Brampton
Kinder Morgan
995 km
12 inches
Hamilton
Natural gas
175 km
Enbridge Inc.
Crude oil
855 km
Enbridge Mainline *
Enbridge Inc.
Crude oil
2,306 km
Enbridge Inc.
Crude oil
175 km
12 inches
Enbridge Inc.
Crude oil
1241 km
20 inches
11
Spectra Energy
Crude oil
434 km
24 inch
TransCanada Pipelines
Natural gas
1,241 km
3642 inches
TransCanada Pipelines
Crude oil
1227 km
3036 inches
14
Natural gas
575 km
30 inch
15
TransCanada Pipelines
Natural gas
24,373 km
1642 inches
16
Ontario-Quebec Pipeline
850 km
17
PTC Pipeline
Spectra Energy
930 km
Natural gas
417 km
19
Kinder Morgan
1,142 km
20
Natural gas
572 km
21
Spectra Energy
Natural gas
2,900 km
22
Union Gas
Natural gas
257 km
London
21
Dawn
3036 inches
9
10
12
2436 inches
2442 inches
22
Phoenix
OKLAHOMA
25
Raleigh
TENNESSEE
Charlotte
SOUTH CAROLINA
Memphis
Little Rock
Columbia
10
MISSISSIPPI
33
LEGEND
NORTH CAROLINA
Nashville
Atlanta
27
38
Cities 0-74,999
Montgomery
Dallas
ALASKA
Cities 75,000-249,999
El Paso
CANADA
GEORGIA
ALABAMA
Jackson
Cities 250,000-899,999
Cities 900,000-2,999,999
Montreal
LOUISIANA
TEXAS
Province Capitals
Jacksonville
Tallahassee
34
32
11
Austin
National Capital
San Antonio
Houston
Kingston
Encana Corporation
NEW MEXICO
San Diego
Goldboro
Bickerton West
6
Halifax
MARYLAND
Richmond
WEST
VIRGINIA
KENTUCKY
14
ARKANSAS
Annapolis
Charleston
19
Frankfort
Jefferson City
15
NEW JERSEY
Trenton
Philadelphia
Baltimore
OHIO
KANSAS
12
Harrisburg
Columbus
Indianapolis
RHODE ISLAND
New York
PENNSYLVANIA
16
ILLINOIS
CALIFORNIA
16
DIAMETER
36 inches
CONNECTICUT
Detroit
IOWA
Springfield
Charlottetown
Truro
Fredericton
Quebec
19
Rouyn-Noranda
Ottawa
OWNER
Enbridge Inc.
Emera Brunswick Pipeline Company
Des Moines
Lincoln
31*
MASSACHUSETTS
Hartford
Lansing
Chicago
36
Denver
COLORADO
Oklahoma City
Coral
Arnes
17
5
Alliance Pipeline *
18
Milwaukee
NEBRASKA
Cheyenne
23
UTAH
Boston
39*
MICHIGAN
17
Salt Lake City
NEVADA
PRINCE
EDWARD
ISLAND
Regina
13
Brunswick Pipeline
Keystone Pipeline *
24
Carson City
O N T A R I O
Saskatoon
Duval
12
13
6
Madison
San Francisco
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Albany
MISSOURI
Sovereign
WYOMING
Augusta
Concord
NEW YORK
21*
WISCONSIN
Pierre
Santa Fe
KEY
VERMONT
Montpelier
Saint Paul
SOUTH DAKOTA
Boise
ARIZONA
Bromhead
NAME
Alberta Clipper (Line 67) *
MINNESOTA
Bismarck
35
OREGON
Los Angeles
Swift Current
500 miles
500 km
MAINE
IDAHO
Q U E B E C
Tilley
Taber
250 miles
250 km
MONTANA
NORTH DAKOTA
www.pipelinesinternational.com
125 km
40*
20*
Helena
Hardisty
Onefour
26*
Salem
St. John's
125 miles
18*
37
Rutland
11
Lethbridge
SASKATCHEWAN
10
Indus
Furman
WASHINGTON
Olympia
Portland
Fort Saskatchewan
Leduc
Camrose
Red Deer
Bergen
Vancouver
Fort Mcmurray
Hondo
Vega
Nestow
Devona
Saunders
28*
Seattle
Sacramento
Fox Creek
18
Kamloops
NEWFOUNDLAND
&
LABRADOR
Pipelines sustained an
estimated 25,000 full-time
equivalent jobs and generated
about $US1.94 billion in
labour income in 2012.
M A N I T O B A
Grande Prairie
Cinema
Victoria
Other (20%)
A L B E R T A
Notikewin
Briar Ridge
20
Exeter
Mica Creek
For additional copies of this poster and for advertising enquiries, email
query@pipelinesinternational.com
Steen River
Rainbow Lake
15
Attachie
Enterprise
$US8.8
billion
Sikanni Chief
Dawson Creek
Compiled and published by Great Southern Press Pty Ltd. Tel: +61 3 9248 5100
Product information and graphic design Great Southern Press, 2015.
Source map courtesy Map Resources. www.mapresources.com.au
Alberta (45%)
Fort Simpson
Iqaluit
NORTHWEST TERRITORIES
0
0
150
150
300 KM
300 Miles
Pipelines by numbers
Toronto
1853
115,000 km
Canadas
pipeline
history
dates back
to this date
Network of underground
energy transmission
pipelines that operate
every day transporting
oil and natural gas.
0
0
500 miles
500 km
FLORIDA
3 million
KEY
KEY
KEY
Coming soon
Major Pipeline Systems of the Middle East map
Barrels of crude oil
transported by transmission
pipelines in Canada every
day the equivalent of 200
Olympic-sized swimming pools
CAPACITY
LENGTH (miles)
PRODUCT
CAPACITY
LENGTH (miles)
Kinder Morgan
Gas
6,182 MMcf/d
10,200
15
Southern Star
Gas
2,801 MMcf/d
5,803
29
Gas
3,347 MMcf/d
1,129
16
Dominion Pipeline
Dominion Resources
Gas
6,655 MMcf/d
3,505
30
National Fuel
4,099 MMcf/d
4,300
31
Keystone Pipeline*
TransCanada
Crude oil
2,311
32
Seaway Pipeline
Crude oil
850,000 bbl/d
Crude oil
700,000 bbl/d
NAME
$US84 billion
97%
Estimate of Canadas
underground natural gas
and liquids pipeline network
(gathering, transmission
and delivery lines)
The percentage of
Canadian natural gas
and crude oil production
transported by
transmission pipelines
PRODUCT
Gas
7,332 MMcf/d
Kinder Morgan
Gas
6,686 MMcf/d
840,000 km
OWNER
NAME
OWNER
9,022
17
Kinder Morgan
Gas
13,900
18
Alliance Pipeline
Gas
19
2,053 MMcf/d
33
OWNER
Gas
Gas
CAPACITY
LENGTH (miles)
9,350 MMcf/d
10,365
2,312 MMcf/d
2,300
2,840 MMcf/d
Gas
2,386 MMcf/d
4,124
Gas
7,442 MMcf/d
14,700
20
Gas
2,400 MMcf/d
1,408
34
Longhorn Pipeline
Crude oil
ANR Pipeline
Gas
7,129 MMcf/d
10,600
21
Gas
2,958 MMcf/d
2,115
35
Double H Pipeline
Hiland Partners
Crude oil
84,000 bbl/d
Panhandle Energy
6,445
TransCanada
PRODUCT
Gas
6
7
NAME
Williams
Gas
8,466 MMcf/d
10,500
22
Energy Transfer
Gas
2,439 MMcf/d
2,560
36
Tallgrass Energy
Crude oil
230,000 bbl/d
Gas
6,260 MMcf/d
6,886
23
Questar Pipeline
Questar Pipeline
Gas
3,192 MMcf/d
1,858
37
Olympic Pipeline
BP
Crude oil
315,000 bbl/d
2,639
500
485
700
485
690
400
10
Kinder Morgan
Gas
4,848 MMcf/d
9,200
24
Kinder Morgan
Gas
2,736 MMcf/d
800
38
Crude oil
800
11
Gas
2,217 MMcf/d
4,889
25
CenterPoint Energy
Gas
5,385 MMcf/d
6,374
39
Enbridge
Crude oil
2,600,000 bbl/d
1,900
40
Alberta Clipper*
Enbridge
Crude oil
800,000 bbl/d
1,000
12
Gas
1,833 MMcf/d
1,680
26
Northwest Pipeline*
Williams
Gas
4,950 MMcf/d
3,880
13
Trunkline Pipeline
Panhandle Energy
Gas
3,025 MMcf/d
4,202
27
Kinder Morgan
Gas
3,967 MMcf/d
7,635
14
Boardwalk Pipelines
Gas
4,065 MMcf/d
5,671
28
TransCanada
Gas
2,636 MMcf/d
1,356