Chapter IV

CHAPTER IV
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Salinity (0.05M NaCl):
The difference in shoot length of seedlings in salinity (0.05M NaCl) test was highly
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Shoot length ranged from 9.95 cm (TRY (R) 2) to 12.30 cm
(FL 478). The mean value of shoot length under 0.05M concentration was 11.02cm. Among 12
genotypes, BPT 5204 (9.97 cm) was found to be susceptible. At salinity level of 0.05 M NaCl,
six genotypes viz., TRY 1, TNAU Rice TRY 3, FL 478, TR 10 002, TR 10 005 and TR 10 007
recorded statistically superior value for shoot length [Table 2(a)].
The difference in root length of seedlings in salinity (0.05M NaCl) test was highly
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Root length ranged from 15.21 cm (I.W.Ponni) to 24.32 cm
(Vyttila 6). The mean value for root length under 0.05M was 20.19 cm. Among 12 genotypes
I.W.Ponni (15.21 cm) was found to be susceptible. At salinity level of 0.05M NaCl, eight
genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, Vyttila 6, FL 478, TR 10 002,TR 10 003
and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value for root length [Table 2(a)].
Germination percentage ranged from 62 (BPT 5204) to 96 percent (TNAU Rice TRY 3,
FL 478 and TR 10 007). Mean value for germination percentage at 0.05M NaCl was 82 percent.
The difference in germination percentage of different rice genotypes exposed to 0.05M NaCl
concentration was highly significant. The genotypes TRY 1, TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3,
CSR 23, FL 478, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value for germination
percentage [Table 2(a)].
The seedling dry mater production ranged from 0.13 mg (I.W.Ponni) to 0.26 mg
(FL
478). The mean value was 0.18 mg. The genotype I.W.Ponni (0.13 mg) showed lower dry mater
production. Among 12 genotypes TRY 1, TNAU Rice TRY 3, Vyttila 6, CSR 23, FL 478 and TR
10 005 recorded statistically superior value for dry matter production [Table 2(a)].
The computed vigour index values with reference to shoot length showed highly
significant difference among the rice genotypes. Vigour index of the seedlings ranged from
927.08 (TR 10 003) to 1180.80 (FL 478). Mean vigour index with reference to shoot length
914.95 among 12 genotypes. The effect of salt stress on vigour index of 12 rice genotypes were
assessed, in which eight genotypes viz., TRY 1,TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3,CSR 23,FL 478,
TR 10 003, TR 10 007 and TR 10 005 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
The computed vigour index values with reference to root length showed highly
973.44 (I.W.Ponni) to 2200.64 (TRY (R) 2). Mean vigour index with reference to root length
assessed, in which six genotypes viz., TRY 1,TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, FL 478, TR 10 003
and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior than other genotypes.
The computed vigour index values with reference to dry matter production showed highly
significant difference among the rice genotypes. Vigour index of the seedlings ranged from 8.184
(BPT 5204) to 13.064 (TNAU Rice TRY 3). Mean vigour index with reference to dry matter
production 20.80 among 12 genotypes. The effect of salt stress on vigour index of 12 rice
genotypes were assessed, in which two rice genotypes viz., TNAU Rice TRY 3 and FL 478
recorded statistically superior than other genotypes.
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Shoot length ranged from 6.89 cm (BPT 5204) to 11.93 cm
(TR 10 005 and TR 10 007). The mean value of shoot length under 0.05M concentration was
10.02 cm. Among 12 genotypes, BPT 5204 (6.89 cm) was found to be susceptible. At salinity
level of 0.1M NaCl, five genotypes viz., TRY 1, FL 478, TR 10 002, TR 10 005 and TR 10 007
recorded statistically superior value for shoot length [Table 2(b)].
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Root length ranged from 13.28cm (BPT 5204) to 22.09 cm
(Vyttila 6). The mean value for root length under 0.1M was 18.86cm. Among 12 genotypes, BPT
5204 (13.28 cm) was found to be susceptible. At salinity level of 0.1M NaCl, eight genotypes
viz., TRY 1,TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice 3, Vyttila 6, FL 478, TR 10 002, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007
recorded statistically superior value for root length [Table 2(b)].
Germination percentage ranged from 58 (BPT 5204) to 94 percent (FL 478). Mean value
for germination percentage at 0.1M NaCl was 78 percent. The difference in germination
percentage of different rice genotypes exposed to 0.1M NaCl concentration was highly
significant. The genotypes TRY 1, TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23, FL 478 and
TR
10 007 recorded statistically superior value for germination percentage [Table 2(b)].
The seedling dry mater production ranged from 0.08 mg (I.W.Ponni) to 0.24 mg
(FL 478). The mean value was 0.18 mg. The genotype I.W.Ponni (0.08 mg) showed lower dry
mater production. Among 12 genotypes, TRY 1, TNAU Rice TRY 3, Vyttila 6, CSR 23, FL 478
and TR 10 005 recorded statistically superior value for dry matter production.
413.40 (BPT 5204) to 1118.6 (FL 478). Mean vigour index with reference to shoot length was
assessed, in which eight genotypes viz., TRY 1,TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23, FL 478,
TR I0 003, TR 10 007 and TR 10 005 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
(I.W.Ponni) to 1972.12 (FL 478). Mean vigour index with reference to root length was 1481.15
among 12 genotypes. The effect of salt stress on vigour index of 12 rice genotypes were
assessed, in which six genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, FL 478,
TR
10 003 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
(I.W.Ponni) to 22.372 (FL 478). Mean vigour index with reference to dry matter production
assessed, in which six genotypes viz., TRY 1, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23, FL 478, TR 10 005
and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Shoot length ranged from 2.19 cm (I.W.Ponni) to 7.70cm
(FL 478). The mean value of shoot length under 0.15M concentration was 5.57cm. Among 12
genotypes, I.W.Ponni was found to be susceptible. At salinity level of 0.15 M NaCl, nine
genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23, FL 478, TR 10 002, TR 10 005
and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value for shoot length [Table2(c)].
The difference in root length of seedlings in salinity (0.15 M NaCl) test was highly
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Root length ranged from 11.21cm (BPT 5204) to 22.78 cm
(Vyttila 6). The mean value for root length under 0.15M was 16.42cm. Among 12 genotypes,
BPT 5204 (11.21cm) was found to be susceptible. At salinity level of 0.15M NaCl, seven
genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, Vyttila 6, TR 10 002, TR 10 003 and TR
10 007 recorded statistically superior value for root length.
Germination percentage ranged from 42 (BPT 5204) to 90 percent (TNAU Rice TRY 3).
Mean value for germination percentage at 0.15M NaCl was 72.41. The difference in germination
significant. The genotypes TRY 1,TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, FL 478, TR 10 003 and
TR
10 007 recorded statistically superior value for germination percentage.
The seedling dry mater production ranged from 0.07 mg (I.W. Ponni) to 0.22 mg
(TRY 1). The mean value was 0.156mg. The genotype I.W. Ponni (0.07 mg) showed lower dry
(I.W.Ponni) to 677.6 (FL 478). Mean vigour index with reference to shoot length 425.65 among
12 genotypes. The effect of salt stress on vigour index of 12 rice genotypes were assessed, in
which eight genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23,
FL 478, TR I0
002, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007 recorded as statistically superior value than other genotypes.
470.88 (BPT 5204) to 1653.78 (TRY (R)2). Mean vigour index with reference to root length
1230.05. The effect of salt stress on vigour index of 12 rice genotypes were assessed, in which
seven genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, FL 478, TR 10 003, TR 10 005 and
TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
(I.W.Ponni) to 18.810 (TNAU Rice TRY 3). Mean vigour index with reference to dry matter
production 11.819. The effect of salt stress on vigour index of 12 rice genotypes were assessed,
in which six genotypes viz., TRY 1, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23,FL 478, TR 10 005 and TR 10
007 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Shoot length ranged from 0.67 cm (Vyttila 6) to 7.70 cm
(FL 478). The mean value of shoot length under 0.2M concentration was 5.57cm among 12
genotypes, I.W.Ponni (1.98 cm) was found to be susceptible. At salinity level of 0.2M NaCl, nine
genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3,CSR 23,FL 478, TR 10 002,
TR 10
005 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value for shoot length [Table 2(d)].
significant among 12 rice genotypes. Root length ranged from 6.98 cm (BPT 5204) to 22.78 cm
(Vyttila 6). The mean value for root length under 0.2M was 16.42cm. Among 12 genotypes, BPT
5204 (11.21cm) was found to be susceptible. At salinity level of 0.2 M NaCl, seven genotypes
viz., TRY 1,TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, Vyttila 6, TR 10 002, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007
recorded statistically superior value for root length.
Germination percentage ranged from 42 (BPT 5204) to 90 percent (TNAU Rice TRY 3).
Mean value for germination percentage at 0.2M NaCl was 72.41. The difference in germination
significant. The genotypes TRY 1, TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, FL 478, TR 10 003 and
TR
10 007 recorded statistically superior value for germination percentage.
The seedling dry matter production ranged from 0.07 mg (I.W.Ponni) to 0.21 mg
(TRY 1). The mean value was 0.16 mg. The genotype I.W.Ponni (0.07 mg) showed lower dry
(Vyttila 6) to 281.36 (TNAU Rice TRY 3). Mean vigour index with reference to shoot length
assessed, in which seven genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23, TR I0
002, TR 10 005 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
(BPT 5204) to 1088.96 (TRY (R) 2). Mean vigour index with reference to root length 731.54
among 12 genotypes. The effect of salt stress on vigour index of 12 rice genotypes were
assessed, in which eight genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, Vyttila 6,
FL
478, TR 10 003, TR 10 005 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value than other
genotypes.
(BPT 5204) to 16.512 (TRY (R) 2). Mean vigour index with reference to dry matter production
assessed, in which six genotypes viz., TRY 1, TRY (R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3, CSR 23, FL 478
and TR 10 005 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
Accelerated ageing (2 days):
The difference in shoot length of seedlings in accelerated ageing (2 days) test showed
[Table 3(a)] highly significant difference among 10 rice genotypes. Shoot length ranged from
10.28cm (ADT 36) to 12.98cm (TR 10 007). The mean value of shoot length under 2 days was
11.42cm. Among 10 genotypes, ADT 36 recorded as poorest performer. Five genotypes viz.,
CR 1009, BPT 5204, TR 10 003, TR 10 005 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value
for shoot length.
The difference in root length of seedlings in accelerated ageing (2 days) test showed
[Table 3(a)] highly significant difference among 10 rice genotypes. Root length ranged from
18.28 cm
(TR 10 005) to 25.32cm (TR 10 003). The mean value of root length under 2 days
was 21.14 cm. Among 10 genotypes, TR 10 005 showed poor performance. Three genotypes
viz., ADT 37, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value for root length.
Germination percentage ranged from 86 (CR 1009) to 96 percent (ADT 36). Mean value
for germination percentage was 91.60 percent. The genotype ADT 36 recorded statistically
superior than remaining genotypes with reference to germination percentage.
The seedling dry mater production ranged from 0.12 mg (BPT 5204) to 0.15mg (TR 10
005). The mean value was 0.15 mg. Four genotypes CR 1009, TR 10 002, TR 10 003 and TR 10
005 recorded statistically superior value for dry matter production.
significant difference among the rice genotypes. Vigour index of 2 days aged seeds of 10 rice
genotypes were taken into consideration in which the Vigour index of seedlings ranged from
975.72 (TR 10 002) to 1168.20 (TR 10 007). Mean vigour index with reference to shoot length
1044.88. Out of 10 genotypes, five genotypes viz., CO 43, BPT 5204, TR 10 003, TR 10 005 and
significant difference among the rice genotypes. Vigour index of two days aged seeds of 10 rice
genotypes were taken into consideration in which the seedlings ranged from 1645.20 (TR 10
005) to 2329.43 (TR 10 003). Mean vigour index with reference to root length was 1970.63. Out
of 10 genotypes, four genotypes viz., ADT 36, ADT 37, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007 recorded
statistically superior than other genotypes.
significant difference among the rice genotypes. Two days aged seeds of 10 rice genotypes were
taken into consideration in which the vigour index of seedlings ranged from 10.710 (BPT 5204)
to 15.548 (TR 10 003). Mean vigour index with reference to dry matter production was 13.36.
Out of 10 genotypes, five genotypes viz., CO 43, CR 1009, TR 10 003, TR 10 005 and
[Table 3(b)] highly significant difference among 10 rice genotypes. Shoot length ranged from
08.35 cm (TR 10 003) to 11.35 cm (TR 10 007). The mean value of shoot length under 3 days
was 09.59 cm. Four genotypes viz., ADT 36, ADT 37, CR 1009 and TR 10 007 recorded
statistically superior value for shoot length.
[Table 3(b)] highly significant difference among 10 rice genotypes. Root length ranged from
17.38 cm (TR 10 005) to 24.92 cm (TR 10 003). The mean value of root length under 3 days was
20.06 cm. Four genotypes viz., ADT 37, BPT 5204, TR 10 003, and TR 10 007 recorded
statistically superior value for root length.
Germination percentage ranged from 82 (BPT 5204) to 96 percent (ADT 36). Mean value
for germination percentage was 89 percent. The genotypes ADT 36 and TR 10 002 recorded
statistically superior value for germination percentage.
The seedling dry mater production ranged from 0.11 mg (BPT 5204) to 0.16 mg
(TR 10 005). The mean value was 0.14 mg. Five genotypes viz., CO 43, CR 1009, TR 10 002,
TR 10 003 and TR 10 005 recorded statistically superior value for dry matter production.
genotypes were taken into consideration in which the seedlings ranged from 732.26 (BPT 5204)
to 998.80 (TR 10 007). Mean vigour index with reference to shoot length was 855.43. Out of 10
genotypes, four genotypes viz., ADT 36, ADT 37, TR 10 002 and TR 10 007 recorded
statistically superior value than other genotypes.
genotypes were taken into consideration in which the seedlings ranged from 1494.68
(TR 10 005) to 2192.96 (TR 10 003). Mean vigour index with reference to root length was
1785.44. Out of 10 genotypes, four genotypes viz., ADT 36, ADT 37, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007
recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
Out of 10 genotypes, four genotypes viz., CO 43, TR 10 003, TR 10 005 and TR 10 002 recorded
[Table 3(c)] highly significant among 10 rice genotypes. Shoot length ranged from 07.88 cm (CO
43) to 11.26 cm (TR 10 007). The mean value of shoot length under four days was 8.67 cm.
Three genotypes viz., BPT 5204, TR 10 002 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior value
over other genotypes.
[Table 3(c)] highly significant among 10 rice genotypes. Root length ranged from 17.18 cm
(ADT 44) to 23.28 cm (TR 10 003). The mean value of root length under 4 days was 19.15 cm.
Four genotypes viz., ADT 37, BPT 5204, TR 10 003 and TR 10 007 recorded statistically
superior over other genotypes.
Germination percentage ranged from 76 (BPT 5204) to 94 percent (ADT 36). Mean value
for germination percentage was 86 percent. The genotypes ADT 36, ADT 37 and TR 10 002
recorded statistically superior value for germination percentage.
The seedling dry mater production ranged from 0.10 mg (BPT 5204) to 0.16 mg
(TR 10 005). The mean value was 0.13 mg. Five genotypes CO 43, TR 10 007, TR 10 002, TR
10 003 and TR 10 005 recorded statistically superior value than other genotypes.
genotypes were taken into consideration in which the seedlings ranged from 1452.36
(TR 10 005) to 2002.08 (TR 10 003). Mean vigour index with reference to root length was
1657.32. Out of 10 genotypes, Five genotypes viz., ADT 36, ADT 37, TR 10 002, TR 10 003 and
Out of 10 genotypes, Five genotypes viz., CO 43, TR 10 003, TR 10 005, TR 10 002 and
TR 10 007 recorded statistically superior than other genotypes.
Drought:
Rice genotypes subjected to drought stress condition with reference to shoot length
recorded the minimum length of 2.5 cm (ADT 43) and the maximum length of 4.35 cm
(I.W.Ponni). There were no significant difference among 10 rice genotypes.
Rice genotypes with reference to root length, recorded the minimum length of 5.1cm
(CO 43), and the maximum length of 9.25 cm (TR 10 035). The mean value was 7.34 cm.
Among 10 genotypes CO 43 (5.10cm) and I.W.Ponni (5.50cm) were found to be susceptible
genotypes. The genotypes TR 10 035 (9.25 cm), TR 10 003 (8.95 cm), TR 10 032 (8.60 cm),
TR 10 005 (8.30cm), TRY (R) 2 (8.10 cm) and TR 10 012 (7.35 cm) recorded statistically
superior value for root length.
The seedling dry mater production ranged from 45.50 mg (ADT 43) and (I.W.Ponni) to
83.50 mg (TR 10 012). The mean value was 62.10 mg. The genotypes ADT 43 and I.W.Ponni
(45.50 mg) showed lower dry mater production. Among 10 genotypes TR 10 012 recorded
Discussion
CHAPTER V
DISCUSSION
SALINITY:
Per se performance of any trait is important and hence, added value should be given for
evaluating the trait under investigation as it is the realized value.
When 12 genotypes evaluated for root length under 0.1 M concentration, 10 genotypes
registered statistically longer root length when compared to two susceptible genotypes viz.,
BPT 5204 (9.97 ), I.W Ponni( ). It is revealed that longer root length posses the tolerance to
abiotic stresses like drought, salinity with the above parameter study as yardstick only four
genotypes viz., Vyttila6 (22.09cm), TRY (R) 2(21.09cm), FL 478 (20.98cm) and TNAU Rice
TRY 3 (20.92cm), excelled for the trait. Out of 10 genotypes, those four genotypes were of
immense value as they possessed desirable root trait. The similar trend was found when 12
genotypes under other concentrations viz.,0.05,0.15,0.2M.
The reduction in root length was observed as salt concentration increased. It is
highly observed that that two genotypes Vyttila 6, TRY (R) 2 alone showed no substantial
reduction in root length under 0.1M treatment. Similar results but only two genotypes Vyttila 6,
TRY (R) 2 excelled for root length trait under 0.1M treatment. Hence those two genotypes
Vyttila 6 and TRY (R) 2 could be used as potential parents in the hybridization programme along
with elite variety in a suitable mating design to infuse salinity tolerance coupled with yield in
order to bridge the gap between potential and realized value.
When 12 genotypes evaluated for shoot length under 0.1M concentration 10 genotypes
viz.,(other than BPT 5204 and I.W.Ponni) registered statistically higher shoot length when
compared to two susceptible genotypes viz., BPT 5204 and I.W.Ponni. Out of 10 genotypes,
only five genotypes viz., TRY 1, FL 478, TR 10 002, TR 10 005 and TR 10 007, excelled for
the trait. Those five genotypes were of immense value as they possessed desirable shoot trait.
The similar findings were observed when 12 genotypes under other concentrations viz., 0.05,
0.15, 0.2M.
As salt concentration increased the reduction in shoot length was observed. It is

observed that one genotype FL 478 alone showed no substantial reduction in shoot length under
0.1M treatment. Similar trend but only one genotype FL 478 excelled for shoot length trait under
treatment. Hence those genotype FL 478 could be used as potential parents in the hybridization
programme along with elite variety in a suitable mating design to infuse salinity tolerance
coupled with yield. In order to bridge the gap between potential and realized value. The similar
trend was found when 12 genotypes under other concentrations viz., 0.05, 0.15, 0.2M.
Germination percentages were inversely related to salt concentration level. The
percentage of germination significantly decreased in all varieties due to increasing salinity level.
Above optimum level a higher germination percentage of more than 85% was observed from the
varieties TRY(R) 2, TNAU Rice TRY 3 and FL 478, which were statistically superior. The
lowest germination percentage less than 60% was observed for the varieties of BPT 5204,
I.W.Ponni and Vyttila 6.
The dry matter production were significantly decreased in all genotypes due to increasing
salinity level. The results of ANOVA for salt tolerance showed significant differences among
genotypes for all traits viz.,shoot length, root length, germination percentage and dry matter
production. The genotypes responded differently to increasing salinity levels. The result showed
that there was a progressive decrease in the growth parameters of rice plant with an increase in
salt concentration. Also salinity stress affected all the growth parameters and this reduction was
high at increasing salinity levels. Salt stress may reduce plant growth by water deficit, ion
toxicity, ion imbalance, or combination of any of these factors.
ACCELERATED AGEING:
A rapid screening test (Accelerated Ageing at 40C and 95% RH) has been developed
that can evaluate rice seed tolerance for adverse environmental conditions. The degree of
tolerance for accelerated ageing treatment has been related to the survivability of the seed in
storage. In case of accelerated ageing conditions, when 10 genotypes evaluated for growth
parameters, the genotype TR10 007 registered statistically higher shoot length when compared to
all other genotypes. Similarly for root length, the genotype TR 10 003 registered statistically
superior, after 2, 3 & 4 days of ageing.
The germination percentage and dry matter production were drastically reduced when
days increase for accelerated ageing treatment could help the breeders to screen the potential
cultivar to resist seed deterioration during storage.
The result indicates that rice cultivar differ significantly in their ability to maintain
seed viability during artificial ageing. Further investigation are needed to determine the
inheritance of seed tolerance for ageing stress in rice. Dormancy appears to have positive effects
on the tolerance of seed for ageing. As the ageing treatments were extended to 72 hours, the
growth efficiency declined markedly in all the varieties. The declination in growth efficiency at
72 hours ageing was due to physiological and biochemical factors associated with the adverse
effect of accelerated ageing on germination and seedling growth .
DROUGHT:
Ten rice genotypes were evaluated for moisture stress at 14 days old seedlings, there
was no significant differences among shoot length. The drought is a complex phenomenon and
controlled by many genes. It is much influenced by the environment and genotype environment
interaction. Drought tolerance is influenced by desirable shoot and root traits. However, the root
trait play a significant role for drought tolerance in rice. Longer the root better is the tolerance,
because the genotypes possessing longer root can absorb water present in the subsoil also. The
length of the root determine the drought tolerance as the lengthier root penetrates in to the
subsoil and absorb to water which enables better establishment.
The standard variety for fine grain at Tamil Nadu (I.W.Ponni) was taken as the check and
assessed the performance of other genotypes for root length. Six genotypes viz., TR10 035,
TR10 032, TR10 005, TRY (R) 2 and TR10 012 statistically possessed longer root length when
compared to I.W.Ponni (5.50cm). Among six genotypes TRY (R) 2 alone, is the short duration
variety. Hence all the above 6 genotypes might be included in a hybridization programme to
transfer the drought tolerance in to the high yielding variety.
It is emphasized that the genotype TRY (R) 2 besides possessing inherent capacity of
drought tolerance also possessing earliness. The earliness of any crop variety would act as
avoidance mechanism for drought tolerance.
Determination of growth parameters

Seedling shoot length:
Seedlings from each replication were carefully removed at random on 14th day and shoot
length was measured from the collar region to be tip of the shoot and expressed in cm.
Seedling root length:
Root length of the seedlings were measured from the base of the stem to the tip of the
root and expressed in cm.
Germination percentage:
The ability of germination was recorded on 14th day and number of germinated seeds
were expressed in percentage.
Number of germinated seeds
Germination percentage = ---------------------------------------------
100
Total Number of seeds

Vigour index:
The vigour index of the seedlings were calculated using the following formula proposed
by Abdul Baki and Anderson (1973).
VI1 = Germination % shoot length
VI2 = Germination % root length
VI3= Germination % dry mater production.
Table 1(b): pH and EC for different salt concentrations :

Salt concentration(M NaCl)
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
EC (dSm-1)
04.97
09.28
11.58
13.03
pH
6.55
6.43
6.35
6.21
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done separately for each trait for all treatments. The
model of the analysis of variance is given below:
Sources
d.f
MSS
Replications
r-1
RMSS
TMSS/EMSS
Treatments
t-1
TMSS
Error
(r-) (t-1)
EMSS
Total
(rt-1)
where,
t = number of treatments (genotypes)
r = number of replications
The standard error was calculated as S. E = EMSS/r
Significance of treatment mean square and replication mean square were tested by
comparing with error mean squares referring to F table value at 5 % level of probability.
Determination of growth parameters
Seedling shoot length:

Seedlings from each replication were carefully removed at random on 14th day and shoot
length was measured from the collar region to be tip of the shoot and expressed in cm.
Seedling root length:
Root length of the seedlings were measured from the base of the stem to the tip of the
root and expressed in cm.
Germination percentage:
The ability of germination was recorded on 14th day and number of germinated seeds
were expressed in percentage.
Number of germinated seeds
Germination percentage = ---------------------------------------------
100
Total Number of seeds

Vigour index:
The vigour index of the seedlings were calculated using the following formula proposed
by Abdul Baki and Anderson (1973).
VI1 = Germination % shoot length
VI2 = Germination % root length
VI3= Germination % dry mater production.
Table 1(b): pH and EC for different salt concentrations :
Salt concentration(M NaCl)

0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
EC (dSm-1)
04.97
09.28
11.58
13.03
pH
6.55
6.43
6.35
6.21
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done separately for each trait for all treatments. The
model of the analysis of variance is given below:
Sources
d.f
MSS
Replications
r-1
RMSS
TMSS/EMSS
Treatments
t-1
TMSS
Error
(r-) (t-1)
EMSS
Total
(rt-1)
where,
t = number of treatments (genotypes)
r = number of replications
The standard error was calculated as S. E = EMSS/r
Significance of treatment mean square and replication mean square were tested by
comparing with error mean squares referring to F table value at 5 % level of probability.

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CHAPTER IV

As salt concentration increased the reduction in shoot length was observed. It is

Determination of growth parameters

Total Number of seeds

Table 1(b): pH and EC for different salt concentrations :

Determination of growth parameters

Seedling shoot length:

Total Number of seeds

Table 1(b): pH and EC for different salt concentrations :

Salt concentration(M NaCl)

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