Automatic meter reading

Introduction
The advancement of Technology resulted in the revolution in each every activity of the economy. Life made easier than ever and
everAutomatic Meter Reading is one among the value added technology in the economy. Minimizing the resources and
enhancing the result is major criteria of this technology. The AMR will monitor the meter (either Electrical Power /Water/Gas)
and updates the usage of the units. This can be configured to monitor either by group or area wise. The reason for configuring
this is to deliver the Bills on mass either by group or area wise. From Billing Centre, user can request the unit consumption either
by group or area wise as per configuration. On receiving the consumption details, billing centre can process the data and generate
the Bills for consumed units along with dues if any. This result gets reflected in the Liquid Crystal Display unit of the AMR and
simultaneously SMS to the users Handsets as well as details bills to users e-mail id. On payment of bill, the system will maintain
the relevant details at remote level to maintain the history of the end users unit consumptions. AMR can also configured to block
the supply if the payment is not done on due date. Meantime, system can be configured to send warning messages during interval
such as reminders, warning to cut off the supply etc.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:

Regulated
power supply

Electrical line

LCD
Block diagram of AMR

RS 232

Computer

Contact
Maker/Breaker
circuit

Pulse
Detector

Micro Controller

Energy
Meter

Crystal
Oscillator

GSM
Modem

GSM
Modem

Working Principle:
In this project there will be 2 units one is a client/customer unit and the other one is a server unit which will be present in the
KPTCL office.
The sever unit will get the details from the client meters by sending SMS to the desired meters number. On receiving this SMS
the client unit will read its unit count and this reading will be sent to the server in the form of SMS itself.
The server on receiving this SMS calculates the clients bill and sends it to the client unit where it will be received and then
displayed on the LCD unit.
If the customer fails to pay the bill with in the specified time then an SMS will be sent to the customer unit reminding him about
the due. still if the payment is not received then the server unit will send an sms to the client unit to disconnect the powersupply
of the customer which the client unit does by deactivating the contact maker/breaker circuit.
after the customer pays the bill the server unit will send an sms to the client unit to reactivate the power to the customer then the
client unit will activate the contact maker/breaker circuit then the customer will get back his power supply.
The sever unit will be having a computer that is loaded with the program that communicates with the GSM modem attached to it.
This unit will be having option for sending and receiving SMS from the client unit and processing it as well as generating bill and
sending it back to the customer.
Micro controller:
Micro controller is acting as heart of the circuit basically is used to read the electrical reading from the meter, communication
with GSM Modem, LCD and other I/0 operations , communication with centralized server. Here we are making use of
AT89C51microcontroller for doing all the above said operations.
GSM Modem:
This is a Module used for receiving the sms and sending the sms. This unit is having a serial interface through which it can
communicate with the external device like computer or microcontroller. This unit can be controlled with the help of AT
commands.
RS232:
It is circuit used for converting TTL to RS232 level and RS232 to TTL. It acts like a mediator between microcontroller and the
GSM modem.
Regulated power supply:

Is circuit used for getting regulated DC power supply like +5v, -5v, +12v,-12v.
LCD
This is a device, used to display the messages in the client end. Here this unit will display the current meter reading as well as
unit price when the meter reading is taken and also it displays the reminder about payment.
Pulse Detector
This is a circuit used for detecting pulse from the electrical meter, which produce +ve or ve pulse based on micro controller
requirement.
Contact Maker/Breaker circuit:
This is a solid state relay device, used for to break power line when electricity bill is not paid and reconnect when billing is paid
Buzzer:
When the electricity bill generated; the buzzer will gives beep signals.
Advantages:
1. Saves lot of man power requirement.
2. Saves valuable time.
3. Cartelized billing system and monitoring.
4. Billing will be generated centrally and report will pass through sms and email.

Application:
This kind of system can be adapted to any meter reading and control you want do it in centrally.
1. electrical meter reading
2. water meter reading
3. petrol or gas reading with change of sensor