DISCIPLINE RECORD

Total hours (per semester) of

curriculum (84 SEM. I)

Discipline title
Year of study
Discipline conditions
Total hours of curriculum
Discipline coordinator

ANATOMY AND EMBRIOLOGY

type
of
final
II Semester
I The
assessment
Number of credits
Ob
Total
hours
of
Total
hours
per
134
50
individual study
semester
Assoc.prof. Dumitru Pduraru

Faculty
Department

Medicine
Morpho-functional
Sciences
Profile
Medicine
Specialization Medicine

Total
84

Lecture
28

S
-

Laboratory
56

E1
5
84

P
-

The objectives of the lecture

1. Knowledge of the human body developmental stages and anomalies
2. Knowledge of the human body structures, their organization in systems and in
between relations
3. Anatomo-functional correlations regarding the human body structures
4. Anatomical exploration of the human body structures, applied anatomy and clinical
correlations

Lecture contents - syllabus 28 hours

1. Development of the male reproductive system.
2. Development of the female reproductive system.
3. Functional organization of the reproductive system in both male and female genders.
Regional and applied anatomy of the perineum.
4. Principles of functional organization of the head and neck. Neural and connective spaces.
Functional anatomy of the skull. The structures of resistance of the calvaria and base.
Clinical correlations.
5. Morphogenesis of the cephalic end: development of neurocranium. Clinical correlations.
6. Morphogenesis of the cephalic end: development of viscerocranium. Face
morphogenesis. Clinical correlations.
7. Morphogenesis of pharyngeal apparatus. Derivatives of the pharyngeal pouches, clefts
and pharyngeal arches. The ventral pharyngeal area and its derivatives. Development of

the regional endocrine glands. The thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands. The thymus.
8. Development of the superior respiratory system. Development of the nasal cavities. The
primary and secondary palate. Functional organization of the superior respiratory system.
The olfactory, phonatory and respiratory functions.
9. Development of the superior digestive system. Development of the oral cavity and major
salivary glands. Functional organization of the superior digestive system and of aerodigestive intersection. Masticatory apparatus. Clinical correlations
10. Arterial systems of the head and neck. Subclavian artery. Carotid systems. Arterial
craniofacial anastomoses. Clinical correlations. Venous systems of the head and neck.
Endocranian and exocranian venous anastomoses. Lymph node groups of the head and
neck. Clinical correlations.
11. Topographic and applied anatomy of the head. Clinical correlations.
12. Topographic and applied anatomy of the face. Clinical correlations.
13. Topographic and applied anatomy of the neck. Clinical correlations.
14. Anatomical bases of medical imaging of cephalic end.

Content of seminar / laboratory - Syllabus 56 hours; 4 hours/week

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1st week
Dissection of pelvis. Female genital lodge. Dissection of ovaries: limits, situation,
external shape, relations, internal shape, structure, blood and nerve supply. Dissection of
uterine tubes: limits, situation, external shape, relations, internal shape, structure, blood
and nerve supply.
Dissection of uterus: limits, situation, external shape, relations, internal shape, structure,
blood and nerve supply.
2nd week
Hypogastric artery, veins, lymph vessels, inferior hypogastric plexus, pudendal plexus,
sacral plexus.
Dissection of perineum. Female urogenital triangle: surface anatomy, limits, layers.
Male urogenital triangle: surface anatomy, limits, layers. Dissection of vagina and vulva:
limits, situation, external shape, relations, internal shape, structure, blood and nerve
supply.
3rd week
Dissection of testis and epidydimis: limits, situation, external shape, relations, internal
shape, structure, blood and nerve supply. Dissection of deferent and ejaculatory ducts:
limits, situation, external shape, relations, internal shape, structure, blood and nerve
supply.
Dissection of male accessory genital glands: prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbo-urethral
glands: limits, situation, external shape, relations, internal shape, structure, blood and
nerve supply. Dissection of penis: limits, situation, external shape, relations, internal
shape, structure, blood and nerve supply.
4th week
Elements of descriptive anatomy of the neurocranium: parietal, frontal and occipital
bones. Frontal sinuses.
Elements of descriptive anatomy of the neurocranium: ethmoid bone and its
labyrinthic system, sphenoid bone and sphenoidal sinus.
5th week
Elements of descriptive anatomy of the neurocranium: temporal bone, mastoid

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pneumatic system. Projection and exposure of the mastoid antrum.

Elements of descriptive anatomy of the neurocranium: maxilla, maxillary sinus,
palatine bone, inferior concha and hyoid bone.
6th week
Elements of descriptive anatomy of the viscerocranium: mandible, zygomatic,
lacrimal, nasal, and vomer bones.
Exocranium: Norma frontalis, Norma occipitalis, Norma verticalis, Norma basalis, and
Norma lateralis.
7th week
Endocranium: internal surfaces of calvaria and cranial base (anterior, middle and
posterior fossae). Osseous cavities and fossae of the cranium and face: infratemporal
and pterygopalatine fossae, orbital and nasal cavities.
Joints of the head and neck. Temporomandibular joints. Craniovertebral and
intervertebral joints: atlanto-axial, atlanto-occipital, occipito-axial.
8th week
Musculofascial systems of the head and neck: dissection of facial expression muscles.
Dissection of the muscles of mastication.
Arteries of the head: superficial temporal artery, occipital artery, posterior auricular
artery, maxillary and facial artery. Veins of the head. Projection and exposure of the
vascular system of the head.
9th week
Topographic anatomy of the neural segment of head: limits, surface anatomy, and
regional stratigraphy. Projection and dissection at the level of the head. Topographic
anatomy of face: limits, surface anatomy, regional stratigraphy and spaces of the face.
Projections and exposure of the neurovascular bundles.
Nuchal and cervical musculofascial system. Descriptive anatomy and dissection
identify.
10th week
Arteries of the neck: dissection of the carotid systems. Carotid spaces. Subclavian
artery. Dissection of jugular venous systems (anterior, internal and external) and lymph
nodes groups of head and neck.
Dissection of nerves of the head and neck. Cervical sympathetic trunk. Vagus nerve in
the neck. Cervical plexus.
11th week
Topographic anatomy of the neck: limits, surface anatomy, stratigraphy of the necks
regions. Cervical dissection.
Visceral spaces of face. Dissection of nasal cavity: situation, limits, nasal vestibule, nasal
cavity. Structure, blood supply, nerve supply of nasal cavity. Paranasal sinuses.
12th week
Dissection of oral cavity: situation, limits, compartments, structure, blood and nerve
supply. The tongue: surface anatomy, structure, blood and nerve supply. Major salivary
glands: sublingual, submandibular and parotid glands: situation, external shape, relations,
blood and nerve supply.
Dissection of pharynx: situation, limits, relations. Dissection of perinasopharyngeal
visceral lodges, and the paratubar space, superior carotic and retrovisceral spaces.
Endopharynx. Nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal and laringopharyngeal cavities: structure,
blood and nerve supply.
13th week
Dissection of larynx: situation, limits, relations. Exolarynx. Endolarynx: vestibule,
ventricles and infraglottic cavity. Structure, blood and nerve supply.

2. Dissection of trachea and cervical esophagus: limits, relations, structure, blood and
nerve supply.
14th week
1. Cervicothoracic mediastinal and hemithoracic inlet lodges. Thymus lodge, arterial,
venous, and paravisceral connective spaces.
2. Glandular lodge of the neck. Dissection of thyroid and parathyroid glands: situation,
external shape, relations, structure, blood and nerve supply. Projections and exposure of
neurovascular bundles in the neck. Exposure of the major salivary glands. Projection
and exposure of the parotid duct. Tracheotomy.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Drake R, Voegl W, Mitchell A. Gray's Anatomy for Students. Churchill Livingstone,

2004.
2. McMinn RMH. Lasts anatomy regional and applied, 9th ed., Churchill Livingstone,
Edinburgh, 1994.
3. McVay CB. Anson & Mc Vay Surgical anatomy, 6th ed., Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company,
1984.

4. Moore K. Clinically oriented anatomy, ed. IV, Churchill Livingstone, 1999.

5. Ross LM, Lamperti ED, Taub E. Head and Neuroanatomy. Thieme, Stuttgart, New York,
2007.
6. Sadler TW. Langmans Medical Embriology, 9th ed, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,
Ed. 2004.
7. Snell RS. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students, 4th ed., Boston, Little, Brown and
Company, 1992.
8. Standring S. Grays Anatomy. The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 39th ed,
Elsevier Ltd, Churchill Livingstone, 2005.

COMPETENCIES
1. Learning the exploration techniques of the pelvic and pelvisubperitoneal space visceral
lodges and their contents
2. Identification of reproductive systems anatomical structures in both sexes. Recognition of
individual features in developmental stages.
3. Identification through inspection and palpation of the head and neck cutaneous and
musculo-osseous landmarks.
4. Anatomical and imagistic exploration of the cephalic extremity structures with the
identification of corresponding details.
5. Projections and findings of head and neck neurovascular elements. Sighting of the nerve
blockage points.
6. Anatomical exploration, inspection and palpation of cephalic extremity organs.
7. Anatomical and imagistic exploration of hearing and visual sensory systems, of the neural
cephalic and cervical spaces.

In determining the final mark is taken into

account

Expressed as weight in scoring

percent (Total = 100%)

answers to exam / oral (final evaluation):

choice test
practical example
Testing continues throughout the semester

50%
35%
15%

Describe the final practical assessment E / V (eg written paper (descriptive and / or multiple
choice test and / or problems, etc..), Oral, individual or group oral examination, project, etc.).
- Road tests and final examination, all computer
study on the specific problems, dissection ppt presentation., projector and DVD, the cadaver
dissection, pieces of dissection
Estimate the total time (hours per semester) claimed for the students self-study activities
(fill with 0 activities that are not required)
1
Deciphering the study notes the
7
course
2
Study by manual, course support
7
3
Study of the minimal
6
indicated bibliography
4
Additional documentation into the
3
library
5
Specific training activity
5
Seminar and / or laboratory
6
Creating of themes, reports, essays,
0
translations, etc..
7
Training control works
5
8
Preparing oral presentations
3
9
Final preparation for examination
10
10 Consultations
3
11 Field Documentation
0
12 Internet Documentation
1
13 Other activities ...
0
14 Other activities ...
0
Total hours of individual study (the
semester) = 50

Date of completion: 2012

Signature of the discipline coordinator :