Several ASTM specifications require a hex head that is larger than a standard(finished) hex head.

These
specifications include: A193, A320 and A307B. Although A325 and A490 bolts also require a heavy hex
head, please refer toStructural Bolts for dimensional specifications, since these bolts have shorter thread
lengths than standard heavy hex bolts.

Applications
Heavy hex bolts can be used for many different applications that include fasteningwood, steel, and other
construction materials for projects such as docks, bridges,highway structures, and buildings. Heavy hex
bolts with forged heads are also commonly used as headed anchor bolts.

Manufacturing
Portland Bolt manufactures heavy hex bolts from 1/2" diameter through 2-1/2" diameter in most ASTM,
AASHTO, and SAE specifications. Special tooling can be created to produce nonstandard head
dimensions or bolt heads with your company's name and/or logo.

Stock
Portland Bolt stocks A325 Heavy Hex Structural Bolts.

Standard Thread Lengths

Bolt lengths < 6": Thread length = (2 X diameter) + 1/4"
Bolt lengths > 6": Thread length = (2 X diameter) + 1/2"

Dimensions
D
Bolt Diameter Body Diameter

Width Across Flats

Width Across Corners

Height

Max

Basic

1/2

0.515

5/8

Max

Min

Max

Min

Basic

Max

Min

7/8

0.875 0.850

1.010

0.969

11/32

0.364 0.302

0.642

1-1/16

1.062 1.031

1.227

1.175

27/64

0.444 0.378

3/4

0.768

1-1/4

1.250 1.212

1.443

1.383

1/2

0.524 0.455

7/8

0.895

1-7/16

1.438 1.394

1.660

1.589

37/64

0.604 0.531

1.022

1-5/8

1.625 1.575

1.876

1.796

43/64

0.700 0.591

1-1/8

1.149

1-13/16

1.812 1.756

2.093

2.002

3/4

0.780 0.658

D
Bolt Diameter Body Diameter

Width Across Flats

Width Across Corners

Height

Max

Basic

Max

Min

Max

Min

Basic

Max

Min

1-1/4

1.277

2.00

1.938

2.309

2.209

27/32

0.876 0.749

1-3/8

1.404

2-3/16

2.188 2.119

2.526

2.416

29/32

0.940 0.810

1-1/2

1.531

2-3/8

2.375 2.300

2.742

2.622

1.036 0.902

1-3/4

1.785

2-3/4

2.750 2.662

3.175

3.035

1-5/32

1.196 1.054

2.039

3-1/8

3.125 3.025

3.608

3.449

1-11/32

1.388 1.175

2-1/4

2.305

3-1/2

3.500 3.388

4.041

3.862

1-1/2

1.548 1.327

2-1/2

2.559

3-7/8

3.875 3.750

4.474

4.275

1-21/32

1.708 1.479

Dimensions per ASME B18.2.1 1996

Scope
The ASTM A194 specification covers carbon, alloy and stainless steel nuts intended for use in highpressure and/or high-temperature service. Unless otherwise specified, the American National Standard
Heavy Hex Series (ANSI B 18.2.2) shall be used. Nuts up to and including 1 inch nominal size shall be
UNC Series Class 2B fit. Nuts over 1 inch nominal size shall be either UNC Series Class 2B fit or 8 UN
Series Class 2B fit. High strength ASTM A194 grade 2H nuts are common in the marketplace and are
often substituted for ASTM A563 grade DH nuts due to the limited availability of DH nuts in certain
diameters and finishes.

Grades
2

Carbon steel heavy hex nuts

2H Quenched & tempered carbon steel heavy hex nuts

2HM Quenched & tempered carbon steel heavy hex nuts
4

Quenched & tempered carbon-molybdenum heavy hex nuts

Quenched & tempered alloy steel heavy hex nuts

7M Quenched & tempered alloy steel heavy hex nuts

8

Stainless AISI 304 heavy hex nuts

8M Stainless AISI 316 heavy hex nuts

Mechanical Properties, Grade Identification Markings

Grade
Identification
Marking5

Specification

Material

Nominal
Size, In.

Tempering
Temp. F

Proof
Load
Stress,
ksi

Hardness
Rockwell
Min

Max

See
Note

ASTM A194
Grade 2

Medium Carbon
Steel

1/4 - 4

150

159

352

1,2,3

ASTM A194
Grade 2H

Medium Carbon
Steel, Quenched and
Tempered

1/4 - 4

850

175

C24

C38

1,2

ASTM A194
Grade 2HM

Medium Carbon
Steel, Quenched and
Tempered

1/4 - 4

1150

150

159

237

1,2,3

ASTM A194
Grade 4

Medium Carbon
Alloy Steel,
Quenched and
Tempered

1/4 - 4

1100

175

C24

C38

1,2

ASTM A194
Grade 7

Medium Carbon
Alloy Steel,
Quenched and
Tempered

1/4 - 4

1100

175

C24

C38

1,2

ASTM A194
Grade 7M

Medium Carbon
Alloy Steel,
Quenched and
Tempered

1/4 - 4

1150

150

159

237

1,2,3

ASTM A194
Grade 8

Stainless AISI 304

1/4 - 4

80

126

300

ASTM A194
Grade 8M

1.
2.

Stainless AISI 316

1/4 - 4

Hardness numbers are Brinell Hardness.

4.

Nuts that are carbide-solution treated require additional letter A - 8A or 8MA.

6.

126

300

NOTES:
The markings shown for all grades of A194 nuts are for cold formed and hot forged nuts. When nuts are machined
from bar stock, the nut must additionally be marked with the letter 'B'. The letters H and M indicate heat treated nuts.
Properties shown are those of coarse and 8-pitch thread heavy hex nuts.

3.

5.

80

All nuts shall bear the manufacturers identification mark. Nuts shall be legibly marked on one face to indicate the
grade and process of the manufacturer. Marking of wrench flats or bearing surfaces is not permitted unless agreed upon
between manufacturer and purchaser. Nuts coated with zinc have an asterisk (*) marked after the grade symbol. Nuts coated
with cadmium shall have a plus sign (+) marked after the grade symbol.
Other less common grades exist, but are not listed here.
Inch Fastener Standards. 7th ed. Cleveland: Industrial Fasteners Institute, 2003. N-80 - N-81.

Chemical Properties
Element

2, 2H, and 2HM

Carbon

0.40% min

0.40 - 0.50%

0.37 - 0.49%

0.08% max

0.08% max

Manganese

1.00% max

0.70 - 0.90%

0.65 - 1.10%

2.00% max

2.00% max

Phosphorus, max

0.040%

0.035%

0.035%

0.045%

0.045%

Sulfur, max

0.050%

0.040%

0.040%

0.030%

0.030%

Silicon

0.40% max

0.15 - 0.35%

0.15 - 0.35%

1.00% max

1.00% max

0.75 - 1.20%

18.0 - 20.0%

16.0 - 18.0%

8.0 - 11.0%

10.0 - 14.0%

Chromium

7 and 7M (AISI 4140) 8 (AISI 304) 8M (AISI 316)

Nickel
Molybdenum

0.20 - 0.30%

0.15 - 0.25%

2.00 - 3.00%

ASTM A193
Quick Links

A193 All Thread Rod

Hex Bolts

ASTM A194
Thread Pitch Chart

Scope
Originally approved in 1936, this specification is heavily utilized in petroleum and chemical construction
applications. The ASTM standard covers alloy steel and stainless steel bolting materials for high
temperature or high pressure service. This specification includes fasteners intended for use in pressure
vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings. Although, this material is often available in national coarse (UNC)
thread pitches, if being used in traditional applications, threads are specified 8 threads per inch (tpi) for
diameters above one inch.
Below is a basic summary of a few of the common grades. ASTM A193 covers a number of other
standard specifications not covered in this description including B5, B6, and B16.

Grades
B7 Alloy steel, AISI 4140/4142 quenched and tempered
B8 Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 304, carbide solution treated.
B8
Class 1 Stainless steel, AISI 316, carbide solution treated.
M
B8

Class 2 Stainless steel, AISI 304, carbide solution treated,

strain hardened

B8 Class 2 Stainless steel, AISI 316, carbide solution treated,

M strain hardened

Mechanical Properties
Size

Tensile ksi,
min

Yield, ksi,
min

Elong, %,
min

RA %
min

Up to 2-1/2

125

105

16

50

2-5/8 - 4

115

95

16

50

4-1/8 - 7

100

75

18

50

B8 Class
1

All

75

30

30

50

B8M
Class 1

All

75

30

30

50

Up to 3/4

125

100

12

35

7/8 - 1

115

80

15

35

1-1/8 - 11/4

105

65

20

35

1-3/8 - 11/2

100

50

28

45

Up to 3/4

110

95

15

45

7/8 - 1

100

80

20

45

1-1/8 - 11/4

95

65

25

45

1-3/8 - 11/2

90

50

30

45

Grade

B7

B8 Class
2

B8M
Class 2

Chemical Properties
Element
Carbon

B7 (AISI
4140)

B8 (AISI
304)

B8M (AISI
316)

0.37 - 0.49% 0.08% max 0.08% max

Manganese

0.65 - 1.10% 2.00% max 2.00% max

Phosphorus,
max

0.035%

0.045%

0.045%

Sulfur, max

0.040%

0.030%

0.030%

Silicon

0.15 - 0.35% 1.00% max 1.00% max

Chromium

0.75 - 1.20%

Nickel

18.0 20.0%

16.0 - 18.0%

8.0 - 11.0% 10.0 - 14.0%

Molybdenum 0.15 - 0.25%

2.00 - 3.00%

Recommended Nuts and Washers

Bolt
Grade

Nuts

Washer
s

B7

A194 Grade
2H

F436

B8 Class
A194 Grade 8 SS304
1
B8M
Class 1

A194 Grade
8M

SS316

B8 Class
A194 Grade 8 SS304
2
B8M
Class 2

A194 Grade
8M

SS316