Example Calculations

Run Number:

Boiler 1

Date:

3/24/2003

Time:

1605-1705

Emission Calculation Symbols

Required Input Data
O2
NOx

POBS

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

4.2
43.2
55.0
1.5
70
70
30.18
0.73916
5780
6.0
30.18

Fuel Analysis Input

%C
%H
%N
%S
%O
GCV

=
=
=
=
=
=

85.2
12.8
0.01
0.12
1.84
19595

Fd (M19)*

9190

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

8991
0.0156
1.15
15.3
17.5
1.79
0.0580
19.4
1.39
0.045
0.5
0.09
0.003

CO
SO2
TAMB
TWET
PB
SVP
DSCFM
%H2O

Calculated Data
Fd-Factor (Fuel)
HAMB
ISO K-Factor
NOx (ppm@15%O2)
NOx(ppmISO@15%O2)

NOx (lb/hr)
NOx (lb/MMBtu)
CO (ppm@15%O2)
CO (lb/hr)
CO (lb/MMBtu)
SO2 (ppm@15%O2)
SO2 (lb/hr)
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)

oxygen concentration (dry/volume), (%)

oxides of nitrogen concentration (dry/volume), (ppm)
carbon monoxide concentration (dry/volume), (ppm)
sulfur dioxide concentration (dry/volume), (ppm)
ambient temperature (dry bulb basis), (oF)
ambient temperature (wet bulb basis), (oF)
ambient barometric pressure, (" Hg)
saturation vapor pressure at TAMB, (" Hg)
volumetric flowrate, (dscfm)
moisture in stack gas, (%)
observed combustor inlet absolute pressure at test, inches of mercury

percent by weight of carbon in fuel, (%)

percent by weight of hydrogen fuel, (%)
percent by weight of nitrogen in fuel, (%)
percent by weight of sulfur in fuel, (%)
percent by weight of oxygen in fuel, (%)
gross calorific value of fuel, (Btu/lb)
EPA Method 19 published F d-Factor from Table 19-2, (dscf/10 6 Btu)
*(optional use Method 19 value only when fuel analysis data is not available)

Fd-Factor calculated from fuel analysis

specific humidity, (pound of H 2O/pound of dry air)
ISO standard ambient conditions K-Factor, dimensionless
NOx, parts per million corrected to 15% oxygen
NOx, parts per million corrected to ISO conditions and 15% oxygen
NOx, pounds per hour
NOx, pounds per million British thermal units
CO, parts per million corrected to 15% oxygen
CO, pounds per hour
CO, pounds per million British thermal units
SO2, parts per million corrected to 15% oxygen
SO2, pounds per hour
SO2, pounds per million British thermal units

1. NOx Concentration Corrected to 15% Oxygen (NOx at 15% O2), parts per million

NOx at 15% O2

NOx at 15% O2

CEM.xls

(NOx) x [(20.9 - 15.0) / (20.9 - O2)]

15.3

parts per million (ppm)

Boiler

GamAir

2. ISO Standard Day Conditions K-Factor, dimensionless

ISO K-Factor

ISO K-Factor

(((Pref/Pobs)0.5) x (e(19(Hamb - 0.00633))) x ((288 oK/TAMB)1.53))

1.00

1.15

29.92
30.21
2.718
0.0156
294.3

1.1930

0.9676

where,
PREF
POBS
e
HAMB
TAMB

=
=
=
=

reference combustor inlet absolute pressure at 101.3 kilopascals ambient pressure, inches of Hg
observed combustor inlet absolute pressure at test, inches of mercury
transcendental constant, 2.718

humidity ratio in lb H2O/lb air (determined from ASHRAE Psychrometric Chart)

ambient temperature, degrees Kelvin (degrees Celsius + 273.15)

3. NOx Concentration Corrected to ISO Standard Day Conditions and 15% Oxygen, parts per million

NOx ISO and 15%O2

NOx ISO and 15%O2

(NOx ppm at 15% O2) x (ISO K-Factor)

17.5

ppm

4. Conversion Factor (for the calculation of pounds per dry standard cubic feet)

Conv. Factor

(2.205E-03 pounds/gram) x 1.00E-06

(22.414 liters/gram-mole) x (0.03531 ft 3/liter) x (528.27oR/492.27oR)

Conv. Factor

2.596E-09 pound per dry standard cubic foot

=
=
=

cubic feet per liter

degrees Rankine
molecular weight in grams per gram-mole (g/g-mole)

where,
3
ft /liter
o
R
MW

5a. NOx Concentration In Pounds Per Dry Standard Cubic Feet, lb/dscf

NOx Conc.

(ppm) x (molecular weight of NO2 gas) x (Conv. Factor)

(molecular weight of NO2 gas =

NOx Conc.

CEM.xls

5.16E-06

46

g/g-mole)

lb/dscf

Boiler

GamAir

5b. CO Concentration In Pounds Per Dry Standard Cubic Feet, lb/dscf

CO Conc.

(ppm) x (molecular weight of CO gas) x (Conv. Factor)

(molecular weight of CO gas =

CO Conc.

g/g-mole)

28

3.998E-06 lb/dscf

5c. SO2 Concentration In Pounds Per Dry Standard Cubic Feet, lb/dscf

SO2 Conc.

(ppm) x (molecular weight of SO2 gas) x (Conv. Factor)

(molecular weight of CO gas =

SO2 Conc.

64.06

g/g-mole)

2.495E-07 lb/dscf

6a. NOx Emission Rate, pounds per hour

NOx ER

NOx ER

(lb/dscf) x (DSCFM) x (60 minutes/hour)

1.79

lb/hr

6b. CO Emission Rate, pounds per hour

CO ER

CO ER

(lb/dscf) x (DSCFM) x (60 minutes/hour)

1.39

lb/hr

6c. SO2 Emission Rate, pounds per hour

SO2 ER

SO2 ER

(lb/dscf) x (DSCFM) x (60 minutes/hour)

0.09

lb/hr

7. Fd-Factor Based On Actual Fuel Analysis, dscf/MMBtu

Fd-Factor (Fuel)

Fd-Factor (Fuel)

CEM.xls

1.00E06 x (3.64%H) + (1.53%C) + (0.57%S) + (0.14%N) - (0.46%O)

GCV
8991

dscf/MMBtu

Boiler

GamAir

8a. NOx Emission Rate Using Actual Fuel Analysis Fd-Factor, pounds per million Btu

NOx ER Fd

NOx ER Fd

(lb/dscf) x (dscf/MMBtu) x [20.9 / (20.9 - O2)]

0.058

lb/MMBtu

8b. NOx Emission Rate Using EPA Method 19 Fd-Factor, pounds per million Btu

NOx ER M19 Fd

NOx ER M19 Fd

CEM.xls

(lb/dscf) x (dscf/MMBtu) x [20.9 / (20.9 - O2)]

0.059

lb/MMBtu

Boiler

GamAir