Retaining Wall 7

concrete
reinforcement
=
=
11
374
x
x
2,500,000 =
25,000 =
Rp
reinforcement
33.03
28,312,500
9,351,665
75%
25%
37,664,165 ,- /m'
kg/m3-concrete
15.00
14.00
13.00
12.00
11.00
10.00
9.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
3.00
2.00
5.00
4.00
7.00
6.00
8.00
9.00
11.00
13.00
15.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.30
2.00
6.00
6.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.50
7.00
7.00
1.50
1.00
0.00
0.00
1
2
0.00
1.00
2.50
2.50
1
2
1.00
6.00
0.00
0.00
1
2
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
Location
: PERUM UNMUL
Dinding Penahan
q (t/m2)
b11
b12
b13
Top wall level

River bed level
Ground water level
River water level
Foundation level
=
=
=
=
=
7.00
2.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
m
m
m
m
m
Dimension
H =
7.00
B =
6.00
b11 =
b21 =
0.70
4.00
m
m
b12 =
b22 =
0.30
1.00
m
m
b13 =
b23 =
0.00
1.00
m
m
h1 =
h4 =
7.00
2.50
m
m
h31 =
hw1 =
1.00
0.00
m
m
h32 =
hw2 =
0.50
0.00
m
m
q =
c =
0.50
2.50
t/m2 Kh =
w =
t/m3
0.18
1.00
t/m3
0.00
7.25
0.00
(unit length)
1.00
m
H=h1
hw1
h32
hw2
h31
b21
b22
b23
Section of Retaining wall
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
h4
Backfill soil
soil =
1.80
t/m3
sat =
2.50
t/m3
=
44.6 o
c =
0.00
t/m2
Foundation soil
s' =
1.50
t/m3
B =
44.6 o
cB =
0.00
t/m2
Friction coefficient
=
0.79
Uplift coefficient
U =
1.00
Cover of bar
Wall
d back =
7
cm
d front =
7
cm
Footing
d upper =
7
cm
d lower =
7
cm
=
=
=
o
o
(for stability analysis)

(for structural analysis)
Safety factor
(normal) (seismic)
Overturning |e| < B/6=1.17 B/3=2.00
Sliding
fs >
2.00
1.25
Reaction of foundation soil
qmax > qa=qu/3 qae=qu/2
Allowable stress
Compressive ca =
60
90
kg/cm2
sa =
Tensile
1850
2775
kg/cm2
Shear
=
5.5
8.25
kg/cm2
a
Young's modulus ratio
24
16
STABILITY
S
: Dinding Penahan
Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
a) Stability against overturning
|e| = 0.35 m < B/6 = 1.00 m
|e| = 0.02 m < B/3 = 2.00 m
OK!
b) Stability against sliding

Fs =
-3.27
<
2.00

Check!
Fs =
c) Reaction of foundation soil

q1 =
q2 =
8.23
17.18
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
t/m2
t/m2
OK!
< qa =
< qa =
5.22
>
1.25
OK!

171.89 t/m2
171.89 t/m2
OK!
OK!
q1 =
q2 =
12.02
12.61
t/m2
t/m2
< qae =
< qae =
257.83 t/m2
257.83 t/m2
OK!
OK!
Stressing of Reinforcement and Concrete

Name of Structure
Location
: Dinding Penahan
: PERUM UNMUL
Allowable compressive stress ( ca)
Allowable tensile stress ( sa)
Allowable shearing stress ( a)
Normal Condition
=
=
=
=
A
D
Item
b (cm)
h (cm)
d1 (cm)
d2 (cm)
d (cm)
M (ton m)
S (ton)
Section A-A
100.0
119.1
7.0
back
7.0
front
112.1
10
5
Section B-B
100.0
100.0
7.0
back
7.0
front
93.0
10
5
Bar (As1)
Bar (As2)
Stress c
Stress s
Stress
D 16 D 16 9
944
0.46
200
250
OK!
OK!
OK!
D 16 D 16 -
A
D
C
B
M (ton m)
S (ton)
D
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
Section C-C
100.0
150.0
7.0
lower
7.0
upper
143.0
3
6
Section A-A
100.0
119.1
7.0
7.0
112.1
17
9
D 16 D 16 -
OK!
OK!
OK!
=
=
=
=

Item
b (cm)
h (cm)
d1 (cm)
d2 (cm)
d (cm)
200
125
12
1144
0.56
Allowable compressive stress ( ca)

Allowable tensile stress ( sa)
Allowable shearing stress ( a)
Seismic Condition
kg/cm2
Section D-D
100.0
150.0
7.0
upper
7.0
lower
143.0
-8
0
Bar size and spacing (mm)
60
1850
5.5
24
90
2775
8.25
16
Section B-B
100.0
100.0
7.0
7.0
93.0
20
10
200
200
2
214
0.41
OK!
OK!
OK!
D 16 D 16 -5
-595
-0.01
200
200
OK!
OK!
OK!
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
Section C-C
100.0
150.0
7.0
7.0
143.0
5
9
Section D-D
100.0
150.0
7.0
7.0
143.0
9
5
Bar size and spacing (mm)

Bar (As1)
Bar (As2)
Stress c
Stress s
Stress
D 16 - 200
D 16 - 250
19
OK!
1636 OK!
0.82 OK!
D 16 - 200
D 16 - 125
28
OK!
2216 OK!
1.11
OK!
D 16 - 200
D 16 - 200
3
OK!
333
OK!
0.63 OK!
D 16 - 200
D 16 - 200
7
OK!
685
OK!
0.35 OK!
Stability6/29
1. Design Data
1.1 Dimensions
q (t/m2)
6.00
1.00
m (unit length)
7.00
b11
0.70
b21
b12
0.30
b22
4.00
1.00
b13
0.00
b23
1.00
h1
7.00
h4
2.50
0.00
0.00
h31
1.00
hw1
h32
0.50
hw2
b11
b12
b13
H=h1
hw1
h32
1.2 Parameters
q
h31
=
=
0.50
0.00
t/m (for normal condition)

t/m2 (for seismic condition)
2.50
t/m3
1.00
t/m3
Backfill soil
soil
=
b21
b22
b23
Section of Retaining Wall

B
Foundation soil
s '
=
1.50
Safety factor
1.80
t/m
2.50
t/m3
cB
0.00
0.00
t/m2
44.60
44.60
0.79
(Friction coefficient)
(Uplift coefficient)
t/m
(=satw)
sat
Overturning
t/m2
normal
|e|<B/6=1.00m
seismic
|e|<B/3=2.00m
Sliding
normal
fs > 2.00
seismic
fs > 1.25
0.000
0.000
7.253
normal
0.000

(for stability analysis in normal condition, = )
29.73
(for structural analysis in normal condition, = 2/3 )
seismic
39.12
22.30
(for stability analysis in seismic condition, see Section 2.3)

(for structural analysis in seismic condition, = 1/2 )
hw2
h4
= 10.204
Reaction of foundation soil
( =Arc tan(Kh) )
Kh
qmax<qa
qa=qu/3
qmax<qae
qae=qu/2
0.18
2. Stability Calculation
2.1 Case 1 (Normal condition, with vertical live load)
0.70
q =
0.50
0.30
t/m2
0.00
qa1
Pa1
Pa2
10
7.00
5.50
qa2
0.00
11
Pw1
12
Pa4
qa4
qa3
1
qw1
0.50
Pa3
2.50
2
qu2
1.00
Pu2
1.00
Pu1
4.00
qu1
Acting Load in Case 1
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
Pp1
O
qp1
0.00
1.00
Pw2
qw2
Stability7/29
(1) Vertical Load
No.
1
1.00
2
1.50
3
1.00
4
0.50
5
0.50
6
0.50
7
5.50
8
0.50
9
0.50
10
4.00
11
4.00
12
0.50
q
0.50
T o t a l(1 to q)
Pu1
0.00
Pu2
0.00
Total ( 1 to Pu2)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Description
4.00
x
2.50
1.00
x
2.50
1.00
x
2.50
0.50
x
4.00
0.50
x
1.00
5.50
x
0.70
0.30
x
2.50
5.50
x
0.00
5.50
x
0.70
5.50
x
1.80
0.00
x
1.80
4.00
x
0.50
4.70
x
x
6.00
6.00
x
x
0.50
0.50
x
x
x
2.50
2.50
2.50
x
x
2.50
1.80
2.50
x
x
-1.00
-1.00
W
10.000
3.750
2.500
2.500
0.625
4.813
4.125
0.000
3.465
39.600
0.000
2.499
2.350
76.227
0.000
0.000
76.227
X
4.000
1.500
0.500
3.333
0.333
1.767
1.150
1.000
1.767
4.000
4.000
4.667
3.650
4.000
2.000
(2) Horizontal Load

Coefficient of Active earth pressure
Cos2(-)
Ka =
Cos2 x Cos(+) x
1+
Sin(+) x Sin
Cos(+) x Cos
0.000
0.507
Sin(+)
0.702
1.000
Sin
0.702
1.000
Cos
1.000
29.730
0.000
Cos2(-)
Cos
Cos(+)
Ka =
0.175 for stability analysis
7.253
Cos2(-)
0.632
Sin(+)
0.963
Cos
0.984
Sin
0.702
Cos(+)
0.799
Cos
0.992
Ka' =
0.217 for structural analysis
Coefficient of Passive earth pressure

Cos2(+)
Kp =
Cos2 x Cos(-) x
=
Cos (+) =
Cos2
=
Cos(-) =
2
Kp =
0.000
0.507
1.000
1.000
1o
Sin(+) x Sin
Cos(-) x Cos
Sin(+)
Sin
Cos
=
=
=
=
0.000
0.702
0.702
1.000
0.088 ton/m
=
=
2.205 ton/m
2.293 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
5.709
qa1 = Ka x q
qa2 = Ka x (h1- hw1) x soil
qa3 = qa1 + qa2
qa4 = Ka x hw1 x (sat - w)
qw 1 = hw1 x w
qw 2 = hw2 x w
qp1 = Kp x h4 x (sat - w)
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
0.000 ton/m
21.395 ton/m
WxX
40.00
5.63
1.25
8.33
0.21
8.50
4.74
0.00
6.12
158.40
0.00
11.66
8.58
253.42
0.00
0.00
253.42
Stability8/29
No.
Pa1
Pa2
Pa3
Pa4
Pw1
Pw2
Pp1
Total
0.088
2.205
2.293
0.000
0.000
0.000
-21.395
Description
7.00
7.00
x
0.50
0.00
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
2.50
x
0.50
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
H
0.613
7.718
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
-26.744
-18.413
Y
3.500
2.333
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.833
HxY
2.14
18.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-22.28
-2.12
(3) Stability Calculation

a) -1 Without Uplift
B = 6.00 m
WxX-HxY
X =
253.42
W
X
253.42
3.352
3.352
-0.352
0.79
76.227
-2.12
< B/6
1.000
OK !
< B/6
1.000
OK !
60.143
ton
60.143
ton

b)-1 Without Uplift
H
Sliding force :
= -18.413 ton
HR = x W
Resistance :
(friction coefficient : =
HR
=
0.79
-3.266
<
60.143
=
2.00
Check !
-18.413
H
= -18.413 ton
HR = x W
Resistance :
HR
H
6.00
X
Fs =
-0.352
3.352
76.227
H
b)-2 With Uplift
Sliding force :
Fs =
e =
3.352
WxX-HxY
X =
=
6.00
2
a) -2 With Uplift
B = 6.00
-2.12
76.227
B
e =
0.79
76.227
0.789 )
60.143
=
-3.266
<
2.00
Check !
) =
8.233
t/m2
<
qa
= 171.885 t/m2
OK !
) =
17.176 t/m2
<
qa
= 171.885 t/m2
OK !
-18.413

W
6xe
q1,2 =
x (1 +
)
B
B
76.227
q1 =
6x
-0.352
x (1 +
6.00
6.00
76.227
q2 =
6x
x (1 -
6.00
-0.352
6.00
Reaction of Foundation Soil in Case 1
- t/m2
8.233 t/m2
- t/m
in case, e > 0
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
17.176 t/m
in case, e < 0
Stability9/29
(not applicable)
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
(applicable)
Stability10/29
2.2 Case 2 (Normal condition, without vertical live load)
0.70
q =
0.50
t/m2
0.30
0.00
qa1
Pa1
Pa2
10
7.00
5.50
qa2
0.00
11
Pw1
12
Pa4
qa4
2.50
1
qw1
0.50
Pa3
qu2
1.00
Pu2
Pu1
qa3
4.00
qu1
Pp1
O
qp1
1.00
(1) Vertical Load
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Description
4.00
x
2.50
1.00
x
2.50
1.00
x
2.50
0.50
x
4.00
0.50
x
1.00
5.50
x
0.70
0.30
x
2.50
5.50
x
0.00
5.50
x
0.70
5.50
x
1.80
0.00
x
1.80
4.00
x
0.50
x
x
6.00
6.00
x
x
0.50
0.50
x
x
x
2.50
2.50
2.50
x
x
2.50
1.80
2.50
x
x
-1.00
-1.00
W
10.000
3.750
2.500
2.500
0.625
4.813
4.125
0.000
3.465
39.600
0.000
2.499
73.877
0.000
0.000
73.877
X
4.000
1.500
0.500
3.333
0.333
1.767
1.150
1.000
1.767
4.000
4.000
4.667
4.000
2.000
WxX
40.00
5.63
1.25
8.33
0.21
8.50
4.74
0.00
6.12
158.40
0.00
11.66
244.84
0.00
0.00
244.84
(2) Horizontal Load

Ka =
0.175 (for stability analysis)
Ka ' =
0.217 (for structural analysis)

Kp =
5.709
qa1 = Ka x q
qa2 = Ka x (h1- hw1) x soil
0.088 ton/m
2.205 ton/m
qa3 = qa1 + qa2

qa4 = Ka x hw1 x (sat - w)
2.293 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
qw 1 = hw1 x w
qw2 = hw2 x w
0.000 ton/m
No.
Pa1
Pa2
Pa3
Pa4
Pw1
Pw2
Pp1
0.088
2.205
2.293
0.000
0.000
0.000
-21.395
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
Description
7.00
7.00
x
0.50
0.00
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
2.50
x
0.50
0.000 ton/m
21.395 ton/m
H
0.613
7.718
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
-26.744
Y
3.500
2.333
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.833
Pw2
qw2
No.
1
1.00
2
1.50
3
1.00
4
0.50
5
0.50
6
0.50
7
5.50
8
0.50
9
0.50
10
4.00
11
4.00
12
0.50
T o t a l (1 to 12)
Pu1
0.00
Pu2
0.00
Total ( 1 to Pu2)
0.00
1.00
HxY
2.14
18.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-22.28
Stability11/29
Total
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
-18.413
-2.12
Stability12/29
a)-1 Without Uplift
B = 6.00 m
WxX-HxY
X =
244.84
W
X
-0.343
3.343
3.343
-0.343
0.79
73.877
3.343
244.84
-2.12
1.000
OK !
< B/6
1.000
OK !
58.289
ton
58.289
ton

b)-1 without Uplift Pressure
H
Sliding force :
= -18.413 ton
HR = x W
Resistance :
HR
=
0.789 )
58.289
=
= -3.17 <
2.00
H
-18.413
b)-2 with Uplift Pressure
H
Sliding force :
= -18.413 ton
HR = x W
Resistance :
HR
H
6.00
-
Fs =
< B/6
73.877
Fs =
e =
3.343
WxX-HxY
X =
=
6.00
2
a)-2 With Uplift
B = 6.00
-2.12
73.877
B
e =
0.79
Check !
73.877
0.789 )
58.289
=
-3.17
<
2.00
Check !
) =
8.090
t/m2
<
qa
= 171.885 t/m2
OK !
) =
16.536 t/m2
<
qa
= 171.885 t/m2
OK !
-18.413

W
q1,2 =
6xe
x (1 +
B
73.877
q1 =
)
B
6x
-0.343
x (1 +
6.00
6.00
73.877
q2 =
6x
-0.343
x (1 6.00
6.00
- t/m2
8.090 t/m2
- t/m
in case, e > 0
(not applicable)
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
16.536 t/m
in case, e < 0
(applicable)
Stability13/29
2.3 Case 3 (Seismic condition)
0.70
0.30
0.00
9
5.50
11
qa1
0.00
0.50
Pa2
Pw1
10
Pa1
7.00
12
2.50
Pa3
1
qw1
qa3
Pp1
qu2
1.00
Pu2
1.00
Pu1
qa2
4.00
qu1
qp1
(1) Vertical Load
= Same as Case 2
(2) Horizontal Load
44.60 o
=
0.000 o (for stability analysis)
o
0.00
=
7.253 o (for structural analysis)
2
0.00 t/m (for seismic condition)
=
=
=
=
10.204 o
( = Arc tan(Kh) )
Kh
=
0.18

Cos2()
Kae =
Cos x Cos2 x Cos() x 1+
Sin( x Sin()
Cos() x Cos()
0.000
tan =
Sin Sin ( + - )
Sin Cos ( + - )
sin =
Sin ( + )
Sin
Sin (+ ) ==
0.177
Sin
=
Sin(+-) =
0.252
tan
0.813
Cos2(--)=
Cos
=
Cos(+) =
Cos
2
Kae =
0.286
39.12
Sin
0.702
=
Cos(+-)=
14.6
0.908
0.681
Sin(
0.994
0.984
Sin(--)
0.565
1.000
Cos(-)
1.000
22.30
then
0.420
0.652
=
Cos2(--)=
7.253
0.792
Sin(
0.920
Cos
0.984
Sin(--)
0.565
Cos2
0.984
Cos(-)
0.992
Cos(+)=
0.769
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
0.00
1.00
Pw2
qw2
Stability14/29
Kae =
0.319

Cos2()
Kpe =
Cos x Cos2 x Cos() x 1
=
Cos (-)=
Cos
=
Cos2
=
Cos()=
2
Kpe =
0.000
0.681
0.984
1.000
0.875
Sin( x Sin()
Cos() x Cos()
=
Sin(
=
Sin(-) =
Cos(-)
=
39.12
0.095
0.565
1.000
1.397
qa1 = Kae x ( h1 - hw1) x soil

qa2 = qa2
qa3 = Kae x hw1 x (sat - w)
=
=
3.604 ton/m
3.604 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
qw 1 = hw1 x w
qw 2 = hw2 x w
0.000 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
5.235 ton/m
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Pw1
Pw2
Pa1
pa2
Pa3
Pp1
Total
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.50
0.50
0.50
3.60
0.50
-5.235
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Description
10.00
3.75
2.50
2.50
0.63
4.81
4.13
0.00
0.00
x
0.00
0.00
x
0.00
3.60
x
7.00
0.00
0.000 x
0.00
2.50
x
0.50
H
1.800
0.675
0.450
0.450
0.113
0.866
0.743
0.000
0.000
0.000
12.613
0.000
0.000
-6.544
11.165
Y
0.500
0.750
0.500
1.167
1.167
3.333
4.250
3.333
0.000
0.000
2.333
0.000
0.000
2.500
HxY
0.90
0.51
0.23
0.53
0.13
2.89
3.16
0.00
0.00
0.00
29.43
0.00
0.00
-16.36
21.40

a)-1 Without Uplift
B = 6.00 m
WxX-HxY
X =
244.84
W
X
3.024
-0.024
21.40
=
3.024
-0.024
< B/3
2.000
OK !
< B/3
2.000
OK !
m
244.84
=
73.877
B
e =
3.024
WxX-HxY
X =
=
6.00
2
a)-2 With Uplift
B = 6.00
21.40
73.877
B
e =
6.00
-
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
3.024
Stability15/29
b)-1 Without Uplift
H
Sliding force :
11.165
HR = x W
Resistance :
HR
Fs =
H
b)-2 With Uplift
Sliding force :
0.79
5.22
>
11.165
0.79
73.877
58.289
ton
1.25
58.289
ton
OK !
11.165
H
ton
HR = x W
HR
H
58.289
=
Resistance :
Fs =
ton
=
0.79
5.22
>
0.79
73.877
58.289
=
1.25
OK !
11.165

c-1) in case, |e| < B/6
W
q1,2 =
(applicable)
6xe
x (1 +
B
73.877
q1 =
)
B
6x
-0.024
x (1 +
6.00
73.877
q2 =
) = 12.017
t/m2
<
qae
= 257.828 t/m2
OK !
) = 12.608
t/m2
<
qae
= 257.828 t/m2
OK !
qae
6.00
6x
-0.024
x (1 6.00
c-2) in case, B/6 < |e| < B/3
6.00
(not applicable)
2xW
q1' =
=
3 x (B/2-|e|)
t/m2
t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
in case, e > 0 and e < B/6
(not applicable)
- t/m2
in case, e > 0 and B/6 < e < B/3
(not applicable)
12.017 t/m2
12.608 t/m2
- t/m2
in case, e < 0 and |e| < B/6
(applicable)
in case, e < 0 and B/6 < |e| < B/3

(not applicable)
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
Stability16/29
2.4 Bearing Capacity of soil
(1) Design Data
B
44.60
6.00
cB
0.00
t/m2
s '
1.50
t/m3 (=satw)
2.50
1.00
m (unit length)
(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Calculation of ultimate bearing capacity will be obtained by applying the following
Terzaghi's formula :
qu
= ( x c x Nc) + (soil' x z x Nq) + ( x soil x B x N)
###
###
###
Shape factor (Table 2.5 of KP-06)
1.00
Shape of footing :
=
1
0.50
(strip)
1.00
1.30
1.13
(= 1.09 + 0.21 B/L)
(= 1.09 + 0.21 L/B)
1.30
Shape of footing
1 strip
2 square
3 rectangular, B x L
(B < L)
(B > L)
4 circular, diameter = B
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.30
Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

Nc
82.0
Nq
Nc
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
37
39 >
qu
5.7
7.0
9.0
12.0
17.0
24.0
36.0
57.0
70.0
82.0
50.0
Nq
0.0
1.4
2.7
4.5
7.5
13.0
23.0
44.0
50.0
50.0
( x c x Nc)
0.000
(soil x z x Nq)
187.375
( x soil x B x N)
328.281
73.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
2.3
4.7
9.5
20.0
41.0
55.0
73.0
515.656 t/m2
(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

qa
qu / 3
171.885 t/m2
(safety factor = 3 , normal condition)
qae
qu / 2
257.828 t/m2
(safety factor = 2 , seismic condition)
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
###
###
###
###
###
Structure17/29
3. Structure Calculation
3.1 Normal Condition
(1) Wall
0.70
q =
0.50
t/m2
0.30
0.00
qa1
Pa1
5.50
Pa2
A
0.9
qa2
0.00
Pw1
Pa3
0.50
qa4
qw1
1.00
0.00
Pw2
Pa4
qa3
1.00
4.00
1.00
qw2
1.00
Load Diagram on Wall in Normal Condition

Ka =
0.217
=
cos (+) =
Kha = Ka x cos (+)
7.253
29.73
0.799
o
o
0.174
a) Section A - A
h =
5.50
m
K
x
q
qa1 = ha
qa2 = Kha x h x soil
No.
Pa1
Pa2
Total
0.087 x
1.718 x
0.087 ton/m
1.718 ton/m
Description
5.50
5.50
x
0.50
Sa =
Ha
0.477
4.725
5.202
5.202
ton
0.00
Ma =
Y (from A-A)
2.750
1.833
9.975
Ha x Y
1.312
8.662
9.975
ton m
b) Section B - B
hw1 =
5.50
m
K
x
q
qa1 = ha
qa2 = Kha x h x soil
qa3 = qa1 + qa2
qa4 = Kha x hw2 x (sat - w)
h =
qw1 = hw1 x w
qw2 = hw2 x w
No.
Pa1
Pa2
Pa3
Pa4
Pw1
Pw2
Total
0.087
1.718
1.805
0.000
0.000
0.000
x
x
x
x
x
x
Description
5.50
5.50
x
0.50
0.00
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
Sb =
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
5.202
hw2 =
0.00 m
0.087 ton/m
=
=
1.718 ton/m
1.805 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
Hb
0.477
4.725
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
5.202
ton
Mb =
Y (from B-B)
2.750
1.833
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
9.975
Ha x Y
1.312
8.662
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
9.975
ton m
Structure18/29
(2) Footing
Case 1 (with vertical live load)
q =
0.50
Case 2 (without vertical live load)
t/m2
q =
5.50
0.50
t/m2
5.50
4
0.00
0.50
1.00
0.00
1.00
3
D
4.00
0.50
C
1.00
D
1.00
C
1.00
4.00
1.00
5
4
4
3
in case, e > 0
in case, e > 0
6
6
2
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m
- t/m2
in case, e < 0
in case, e < 0
2
11.214 t/m2
8.233 t/m2
10.905 t/m2
8.090 t/m2
17.176 t/m2
9.724 t/m2
16.536 t/m2
9.498 t/m2
Load Diagram on Footing in Normal Case

a) Section C - C
No.
Description
1
1.000 x
1.00
x
2.50
0.500 x
1.00
x
2.50
2
-8.233 x
1.00
-1.491 x
1.00
x
0.50
Total
No.
Description
1
1.000 x
1.00
x
2.50
0.500 x
1.00
x
2.50
2
-8.090 x
1.00
-1.408 x
1.00
x
0.50
Total
Case 1
Case 2
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
Sc
Sc
=
=
-5.853
-5.669
ton
ton
0.50
0.50
Hc
2.500
0.625
-8.233
-0.745
-5.853
X (from C-C)
0.500
0.333
0.500
0.333
Hc x X
1.250
0.208
-4.117
-0.248
-2.907
Hc
2.500
0.625
-8.090
-0.704
-5.669
X (from C-C)
0.500
0.333
0.500
0.333
Hc x X
1.250
0.208
-4.045
-0.235
-2.821
Mc
Mc
=
=
-2.907
-2.821
ton m
ton m
Structure19/29
b) Section D - D
No.
Description
3
1.000 x
4.00
x
2.50
0.500 x
4.00
x
2.50
4
5.500 x
4.00
x
1.80
0.000 x
4.00
x
2.50
0.500 x
4.00
x
2.50
5
0.500 x
4.00
6
-11.214 x
4.00
-5.962 x
4.00
x
0.50
Total
No.
Description
3
1.000 x
4.00
x
2.50
0.500 x
4.00
x
2.50
4
5.500 x
4.00
x
1.80
0.000 x
4.00
x
2.50
0.500 x
4.00
x
2.50
6
-10.905 x
4.00
-5.631 x
4.00
x
0.50
Total
Case 1
case 2
Sd
Sd
=
=
-0.181
-0.284
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Hd
10.000
2.500
39.600
0.000
2.499
2.000
-44.856
-11.924
-0.181
X (from D-D)
2.000
1.333
2.000
2.000
2.667
2.000
2.000
2.667
Hd x Y
20.000
3.333
79.200
0.000
6.664
4.000
-89.712
-31.797
-8.312
Hd
10.000
2.500
39.600
0.000
2.499
-43.621
-11.261
-0.284
X (from D-D)
2.000
1.333
2.000
2.000
2.667
2.000
2.667
Hd x Y
20.000
3.333
79.200
0.000
6.664
-87.243
-30.030
-8.076
ton
ton
Md
Md
=
=
-8.312
-8.076
ton m
ton m
3.2 Seismic Condition

(1) Wall
0.70
0.30
0.00
Pa1
5.50
6.00
qa1
0.00
Pw1
Pa2
Pa3
0.50
1.00
qw1
qa3
0.00
Pw2
qw2
qa2
1.00
4.00
1.00
1.00
Load diagram on Wall for Seismic case

Kae =
0.319
=
cos (+) =
7.253
22.30
0.870
Khea = Kae x cos (+)
o
o
0.278
Kh =
0.18
a) Section A - A
h =
5.50 m
K
qa1 = hae x h x soil
No.
1
0.500 x
2
5.500 x
3
0.500 x
Pa1
2.747 x
Total
=
Description
5.500 x 0.700
0.300 x 2.500
5.500 x 0.000
5.500 x 0.500
Sae =
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
9.164
x
x
x
ton
2.500
0.180
2.500
2.747 t/m
0.180
0.180
Mae =
Hae
0.866
0.743
0.000
7.555
9.164
17.481
Y (from A-A) Hae x Y

1.833
1.588
2.750
2.042
1.833
0.000
1.833
13.851
17.481
ton m
Structure20/29
b) Section B - B
hw1 =
h =
5.50 m
qa1 = Khae x h x soil
qa2 = qa1
qa3 = Khae x hw1 x ( sat - w)
hw2 =
0.00 m
qw1 = hw1 x w
qw2 = hw2 x w
No.
Pa1
Pa2
Pa3
Pw1
Pw2
1
2
3
Total
3.158
3.158
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.500
5.500
0.500
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Description
5.50
x
0.50
0.00
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
0.00
x
0.50
5.50
x
0.70
0.30
x
2.50
5.50
x
0.00
Sbe
x
x
x
2.50
0.18
2.50
0.00 m
=
=
3.158 t/m
3.158 t/m
0.000 t/m
0.000 ton/m
0.000 ton/m
0.18
0.18
10.294 ton
Mbe
Hbe
8.685
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.866
0.743
0.000
10.294
=
19.552
Y (from B-B) Hbe x Y

1.833
15.922
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.833
1.588
2.750
2.042
1.833
0.000
19.552
ton m
(2) Footing
in case, e < B/6
in case, B/6 < e < B/3
5.50
5.50
4
0.00
0.50
1.00
0.00
1.00
3
D
4.00
0.50
C
1.00
D
1.00
in case, e > 0 ande < B/6
C
1.00
4.00
1.00
in case, e > 0 and B/6 < e < B/3

6
2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
- t/m2
in case, e < 0 and |e| < B/6
in case, e < 0 and B/6 < |e| < B/3

2
12.214 t/m2
12.017 t/m2
- t/m2
12.608 t/m2
12.116 t/m2
- t/m2
Load Diagram on Footing in Seismic Case
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
- t/m2
Structure21/29
a) Section C - C
No.
1
2
1.000
0.500
-12.017
-0.098
x
x
x
x
Description
1.00
x
2.50
1.00
x
2.50
1.00
1.00
x
0.50
Hce
2.500
0.625
-12.017
-0.049
-8.941
0.50
Total
Sce
-8.941
ton
Mce
-4.567
X (from C-C)
0.500
0.333
0.500
0.333
Hce x X
1.250
0.208
-6.009
-0.016
-4.567
ton m
b) Section D - D
No.
3
4
5
1.000
0.500
5.500
0.500
-12.214
-0.394
x
x
x
x
x
x
Description
4.00
x
2.50
4.00
x
2.50
4.00
x
1.80
4.00
x
2.50
4.00
4.00
x
0.50
4.955
0.50
0.50
Hde
10.000
2.500
39.600
2.499
-48.856
-0.788
4.955
Total
Sde
ton
Mde
9.384
X (from D-D)
2.000
1.333
2.000
2.667
2.000
2.667
Hde x X
20.000
3.333
79.200
6.664
-97.712
-2.101
9.384
ton m
3.3 Design Bending Moment and Shear Force

(1) Bending moment and shear force in each case
Description
Section
Section
Section
Section
A-A
B-B
C-C
D-D
Bending Moment
Normal
Seismic
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
9.975
9.975
17.481
9.975
9.975
19.552
2.907
2.821
4.567
(8.312)
(8.076)
9.384
Shear Force
Normal
Case 1
Case 2
5.202
5.202
5.202
5.202
5.853
5.669
(0.181)
(0.284)
(2) Design bending moment and shear force

Description
Section
Section
Section
Section
Notes:
Bending Moment
Shear Force
Normal
Seismic
Normal
Seismic
A-A
9.975
17.481
5.202
9.164
B-B
9.975
19.552
5.202
10.294
C-C
2.907
4.567
5.853
8.941
D-D
(8.076)
9.384
(0.181)
4.955
- Moment at Section C-C < Moment at Section B-B
- Moment at Section D-D < Moment at Section B-B
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
Seismic
Case 3
9.164
10.294
8.941
4.955
4. Wooden Pile
(Not applicable for this Project)
4.1 Bearing Capacity of a Pile

(1) Design data
Diameter of wooden pile
Length of pile
Area of pile section
Perimeter of pile
SPT N-Value
D
L
A
=
40.0 cm
=
6.00 m
= 1/4 x x D2
= xD
=
30
Ni : Average N value in a soil layer

fi : friction of soil
= 0.20 x Ni
=
=
=
=
0.126 m2
1.257 m
30
6.00 t/m2
(2) Ultimate vertical bearing capacity, (qu)

qu = (40 x N x A) + ( x fi x li)
= ( 40
x
30.0 x
= 150.796 + 45.239
0.126 )+(
=
1.257 x
6.00 x
196.035
ton/pile
6.0 )
(3) Ultimate vertical bearing capacity, (qu)

qa = qu/n
196.035 / 3
65.345
ton/pile
(safety factor : n = 3)
4.2 Allowable horizontal bearing capacity
Horizontal bearing capacity depend on displacement of a pile
(1) Design data
Class of timber (pile)
: III Class
2
E =
80,000 kg/cm
(Young's modulus)
= Allowable horizontal displacement
N = SPT N-value is assumed as
=
=
0.01 m
30
x D4
I =
= 125,663.7 cm4
(I : Moment of Inertia for a pile)
64
(2) Horizontal bearing capacity of one pile (Ha)
=
0.20
Kh = x E x D-3/4
=
0.20
x(
=
Kh x D
28
28
30.0 )x(
10.562
40.0 )-3/4
Kh x D
4 x
x
10.562 kg/cm3
x 40.0
=
4 EI
Ha =
E =
80,000 x
125,663.7
10.562 x
40.0
0.010 cm
41,730.94 kg
0.010
=
41.731 ton
(3) Allowable horizontal bearing capacity due to the stress of a pile itself
Ha = 2 x x Ma
= Allowable stress of timber III class
75.00 kg/cm2
x D3
W =
6,283.19 cm3
; (W : section modulus of a pile)
32
Ma =
Ha = 2 x x Ma
=
2
0.010
75.00 x
471,238.9
6,283.19 =
9,541.95
471,238.9 kg cm
kg/pile
9.542 ton/pile
Allowable horizontal bearing capacity acting on the pile top depend upon the allowable
stress of pile itself.
4.3 Spacing of Pile
(1) For horizontal load
Ha =
9.542 ton/pile
Hr = H - Hf
; (Ha : Horizontal load carried by pile)
= H - V x tan(2/3)
Ha
Spacing of pile
=
=
-0.29
11.165
-0.29
43.532
-32.367
ton/m
6.00
m ),
6.00
m ),
9.542
=
Hr
Spacing of pile
-32.367
m (center to center) by horizontal force
(2) For vertical load

V =
qa =
76.227 ton/m
: Vertical load carried by pile
65.345 ton/pile
: Allowable vertical bearing capacity of a pile
qa
Spacing of pile
65.345
=
0.86
76.227
Spacing of pile can be determined 0.75 m for a pile ( 150, L

Vp =
-1,508.781 ton/m
qa =
: Vertical load carried by pile
65.345 ton/pile
: Allowable vertical bearing capacity of a pile
qa
Spacing of pile
65.345
=
Vp
-0.04
-1,508.781
Spacing of pile can be determined 1.50 m for a pile ( 150, L
Re-bar 24/29
Reinforcement Bar Arrangement and Stress

Normal Condition
Name of Structure
Location
:
:
Dinding Penahan
PERUM UNMUL
Bending moment
Shearing force (joint)
Axial force
M
S
N
kgfcm
kgf
kgf
Height of member
Covering depth
Effective height
Effective width
h
d'
d
b
n
cm
cm
cm
cm
-
Asreq
cm2
Required R-bar
R-bar arrangement
Reinforcement
Perimeter of R-bar
As
U
cm2
cm
Compressive stress
Allowable stress
c
ca
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Tensile stress
Allowable stress
s
sa
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Shearing stress at joint

Allowable stress
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Dist. from neutral axis
As
cm2
Minimum requirement of distribution bar
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
119.1
7.0
112.1
100.0
24
Wall (lower)
Section B-B
back
front
997,472
5,202
0
Footing (toe)
Section C-C
lower
upper
290,658
5,853
0
100.0
7.0
93.0
100.0
24
5.13
150.0
7.0
143.0
100.0
24
6.22
Footing (heel)
Section D-D
lower
upper
(807,556)
(181)
0
150.0
7.0
143.0
100.0
24
1.16
-3.23
16~200
16~250
16~200
16~125
16~200
16~200
16~200
16~200
10.05
25.13
8.04
ok
10.05
25.13
16.08
ok
10.05
25.13
10.05
ok
10.05
25.13
10.05
ok
20.97
18.91
23.97
23.97
9.1
60.0
12.2
60.0
1.8
60.0
-5.0
60.0
944
1,850
ok
0.46
5.50
ok
ok
1,144
1,850
ok
0.56
5.50
ok
1,601,100
3,428,834
17
4,971
1,601,100
19
26
1.68
16~250
8.04
ok
1,970,601
5,645,000
20
5,922
1,970,601
22
22
1.68
16~125
16.08
ok
ok
Resisting Moment
Mr
kgfcm
Mr for compression
Mrc
kgfcm
x for Mrc
cm
s for Mrc
kgf/cm2
Mr for tensile
Mrs
kgfcm
x for Mrs
cm
c for Mrs
kgf/cm2
Distribution bar (>As/6 and >Asmin)
Reinforcement
Wall (upper)
Section A-A
back
front
997,472
5,202
0
1.34
13~200
6.64
ok
As min =
4.50
ok
ok
214
1,850
(595)
1,850
ok
-0.01
5.50
ok
ok
0.41
5.50
ok
2.68
13~200
6.64
ok
cm2
1,987,983
5,012,470
19
5,680
1,987,983
21
23
1.68
13~200
6.64
ok
1.68
13~200
6.64
ok
2,496,764
7,977,777
22
6,681
2,496,764
25
19
1.68
13~200
6.64
ok
1.68
13~200
6.64
ok
Re-bar 25/29
Reinforcement Bar Arrangement and Stress

Seismic Condition
Name of Structure
Location
:
:
Dinding Penahan
PERUM UNMUL
Bending moment
Shearing force (joint)
Axial force
M
S
N
kgfcm
kgf
kgf
Height of member
Covering depth
Effective height
Effective width
h
d'
d
b
n
cm
cm
cm
cm
-
Asreq
cm2
Required R-bar
R-bar arrangement
Reinforcement
Perimeter of R-bar
As
U
cm2
cm
Compressive stress
Allowable stress
c
ca
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Tensile stress
Allowable stress
s
sa
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Shearing stress at joint

Allowable stress
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Resisting Moment
Mr for compression
x for Mrc
s for Mrc
Mr for tensile
x for Mrs
c for Mrs
Mr
Mrc
Mrs
kgfcm
kgfcm
cm
kgf/cm2
kgfcm
cm
kgf/cm2
Distribution bar (>As/6 and >Asmin)

Reinforcement
As
cm2
Wall (upper)
Section A-A
back
front
1,748,096
9,164
0
119.1
7.0
112.1
100.0
16
Wall (lower)
Section B-B
back
front
1,955,209
10,294
0
100.0
7.0
93.0
100.0
16
5.93
8.03
2.48
16~250
16~200
16~125
16~200
16~200
16~200
16~200
10.05
25.13
8.04
10.05
25.13
16.08
10.05
25.13
10.05
10.05
25.13
10.05
17.45
15.76
19.90
19.90
18.9
90.0
28.3
90.0
3.4
90.0
6.9
90.0
ok
1,636
2,775
ok
0.82
8.25
ok
ok
2,216
2,775
ok
1.11
8.25
ok
2,267,768
4,129,727
14
6,117
2,267,768
15
47
2,734,218
6,302,895
16
7,087
2,734,218
17
39
16~250
8.04
13~200
6.64
As min =
16~125
16.08
4.50
7.11
51.44
-279.00
-776.41
72206.16
-569902
check
Reference: Assumed requirement of reinforcement bar

Required R-bar
5.83
Asreqo
cm2
xo
12.17
cm
a
-336.27
b
-604.75
67786.62
c
12450
(check)
check
8.98
43.75
-279.00
-676.40
62904.88
-416906
check
7.85 t/m3 =
ok
ok
333
2,775
685
2,775
ok
0.35
8.25
ok
ok
0.63
8.25
ok
2,773,407
5,780,353
15
6,877
2,773,407
17
41
13~200
6.64
13~200
6.64
3,504,081
9,117,853
18
8,054
3,504,081
20
34
13~200
6.64
13~200
6.64
13~200
6.64
cm2
Normal Condition
1.15
19.12
-429.00
-226.24
32352.63
-121839
check
-3.47
51.25
-429.00
628.58
-89887.48
-1049785
check
nol
Seismic Condition
0.785
Wall (upper)
Section A-A
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
150.0
7.0
143.0
100.0
16
1.21
Reference: Assumed requirement of reinforcement bar

Required R-bar
5.03
Asreqo
cm2
xo
14.62
cm
a
-336.27
b
-776.41
87028.54
c
6937
(check)
check
150.0
7.0
143.0
100.0
16
Footing (heel)
Section D-D
upper
lower
938,400
4,955
0
16~200
Minimum requirement of distribution bar
Footing (toe)
Section C-C
lower
upper
456,658
8,941
0
1.19
13.73
-429.00
-157.98
22591.01
-57882
check
2.63
43.61
-429.00
-324.64
46422.90
-700837
check
nol
kg/cm2-m
Wall (lower)
Section B-B
Footing (toe)
Section C-C
Footing (heel)
Section D-D
Re-bar 26/29
Data of Reinforcement Bar
Sectional Perimeter Arrangement

Area
(mm) (cm2)
(cm)
12
1.131
3.770 12@125
12@150
12@250
12@300
16
2.011
5.027 16@125
16@150
16@250
16@300
19
2.835
5.969 19@125
19@150
19@250
19@300
22
3.801
6.912 22@125
22@150
22@250
22@300
25
4.909
7.854 25@75
25@150
25@250
25@300
32
8.042
10.053 32~125
32@150
32@250
32@300
12@250 + 16@250
12,16@125
12,19@125
12,22@125
12,25@125
12,32@125
16,19@125
16,22@125
16,25@125
16,32@125
19,22@125
19,25@125
19,32@125
22,25@125
22,32@125
25,32@125
12@300 + 16@300
12,16@150
12,19@150
12,22@150
12,25@150
12,32@150
16,19@150
16,22@150
16,25@150
16,32@150
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
Area
(cm2)
9.05
7.54
4.52
3.77
16.08
13.40
8.04
6.70
22.68
18.90
11.34
9.45
30.41
25.34
15.21
12.67
49.09
32.72
19.63
16.36
64.34
53.62
32.17
26.81
12.56
15.86
19.73
24.15
36.69
19.38
23.25
27.67
40.21
26.55
30.97
43.51
34.84
47.38
51.80
10.47
13.22
16.44
20.13
30.58
16.15
19.37
23.06
33.51
Perimeter
(cm)
30.16
25.13
15.08
12.57
40.21
33.51
20.11
16.76
47.75
39.79
23.88
19.90
55.29
46.08
27.65
23.04
78.54
52.36
31.42
26.18
80.42
67.02
40.21
33.51
35.19
38.96
42.73
46.50
55.29
43.99
47.76
51.53
60.32
51.53
55.30
64.09
59.07
67.86
71.63
29.33
32.47
35.61
38.75
46.08
36.66
39.80
42.94
50.27
Footing (heel)
Section E-E
lower
upper
#REF!
#REF!
0
125.0
7.0
118.0
100.0
24
#REF!
#REF!
25~200
#REF!
24.54
39.27
16~200
10.05
ok
31.86
Calculation Check
12.56
35.19
15.86
38.96
19.73
42.73
24.15
46.50
36.69
55.29
19.38
43.99
23.25
47.76
27.67
51.53
40.21
60.32
26.55
51.53
30.97
55.30
43.51
64.09
34.84
59.07
47.38
67.86
51.80
71.63
10.47
29.33
13.22
32.47
16.44
35.61
20.13
38.75
30.58
46.08
16.15
36.66
19.37
39.80
23.06
42.94
33.51
50.27
#REF!
60.0
#REF!
#REF!
1,850
#REF!
#REF!
5.50
#REF!
3,623,270
3623270.48
22
2673.99317
4,289,501
27
59
4.09
16~200
10.05
ok
1.68
16~300
6.70
ok
Re-bar 27/29
19,22@150
19,25@150
22.12
25.81
42.94
46.08
22.12
25.81
42.94
46.08
19,32@150
22,25@150
22,32@150
25,32@150
36.26
29.03
39.48
43.17
53.41
49.22
56.55
59.69
36.26
29.03
39.48
43.17
53.41
49.22
56.55
59.69
Footing (heel)
Section E-E
upper
lower
#REF!
#REF!
0
125.0
7.0
118.0
100.0
16
#REF!
25~200
#REF!
24.54
39.27
16~200
10.05
26.77
#REF!
90.0
#REF!
#REF!
2,775
#REF!
#REF!
8.25
#REF!
4,706,450
4,706,450
19
3,405
5,815,251
22
95
16~200
10.05
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
16~300
6.70
Reinforcement Bar Arrangement

(
Dinding Penahan
)
0.70 0.30 0.00
+ 7.00
D16~200
7.00
D13~200
7.00
A
D13~200
0.00
B
D16~200
B
+ 2.50
0.50
1.00
+ 0.00
D13~400
D13~200
4.00
C
D16~200
1.00
6.00
303296237.xls-02/05/2016
1.00
12th Oct, Stability Analysis

Uplift pressure are added for stability analysis.
Reinforcement Bar Arrangement
Reinforcement bar for Footing (heel) are collected.
Jan. 7, '03 Stability

Calculation formula in case of (B/6 < e < B/3) under seismic condition are corrected.
(distributed width of reaction of foundation soil)
Structure
Calculation formula in case of (B/6 < e < B/3) under seismic condition are corrected.
(distributed width of reaction of foundation soil)

Retaining Wall 7

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Retaining Wall 7

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concrete

Top wall level

Section of Retaining wall

(for stability analysis)

a) Stability against overturning

a) Stability against overturning

|e| = 0.35 m < B/6 = 1.00 m

|e| = 0.02 m < B/3 = 2.00 m

b) Stability against sliding

b) Stability against sliding

c) Reaction of foundation soil

c) Reaction of foundation soil

Stressing of Reinforcement and Concrete

Young's modulus ratio

Section of Retaining wall

Young's modulus ratio

Allowable compressive stress ( ca)

Bar size and spacing (mm)

Section of Retaining wall

Bar size and spacing (mm)

t/m (for normal condition)

Section of Retaining Wall

(for stability analysis)

(for structural analysis)

(for structural analysis in normal condition, = 2/3 )

(for stability analysis in seismic condition, see Section 2.3)

Reaction of foundation soil

Acting Load in Case 1

(2) Horizontal Load

(for stability analysis)

0.175 for stability analysis

(for structural analysis)

0.217 for structural analysis

Coefficient of Passive earth pressure

(3) Stability Calculation

b) Stability against sliding

c) Reaction of foundation soil

(1) Vertical Load

(2) Horizontal Load

0.175 (for stability analysis)

0.217 (for structural analysis)

Coefficient of Passive earth pressure

qa3 = qa1 + qa2

Acting Load in Case 2

b) Stability against sliding

c) Reaction of foundation soil

Acting Load in Case 3

(1) Vertical Load

(2) Horizontal Load

Coefficient of Active earth pressure

Cos x Cos2 x Cos() x 1+

(for stability analysis)

(for stability analysis)

(for structural analysis)

(for structural analysis)

Coefficient of Passive earth pressure

Cos x Cos2 x Cos() x 1

qa1 = Kae x ( h1 - hw1) x soil

(3) Stability Calculation

c) Reaction of foundation soil

c-2) in case, B/6 < |e| < B/3

in case, e < 0 and B/6 < |e| < B/3

Reaction of Foundation Soil in Case 3

(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)