Objectives

1. To determine the power in AC circuit.

2. To determine the relationship of V, I & P with time.

List of Instruments

Personal Computer

Tina (Software)

Ammeter

Voltmeter

Power meter

Oscilloscope

Wiring Diagrams

a) R circuit

+
AM1 564.53mA -48.8°
PM1 5.26W
+ + W
A
R2 3 3

+
+

VG1
V VM1 18.63V -48.8°
L 1 10 0m
b) L circuit

+
AM1 564.53mA -48.8°
PM1 178.16nW
+ + W
A

R2 3 3
+
+

VG1
V VM1 21.28V 41.2°

L 1 10 0m
c) RL circuit:

+
AM1 564.53mA -48.8°
PM1 5.26W
+ + W
A

R2 3 3
+
+

VG1
V VM1 28.28V 0° L 1 10 0m

Data Sheet

R circuit L circuit RL circuit

Vm (V) 18.63 21.28 28.28
Vrms (V) 13.1734 15.0472 19.997
ӨV -48.8° 41.2° 0°
Im (mA) 564.53 564.53 564.53
Irms (mA) 399.183 399.183 399.183
ӨI -48.8° -48.8° -48.8°
P.f. 1 0 0.6587
P (W) 5.2586 0 5.2580
S (VA) 5.2586 6.0066 7.9825
Q (VAR) 0 6.0066 6.0066
W (W) 5.26 1.7816 x 10-7 5.26
Sample Computations (R circuit)

Vrms = Vm /√2 = 18.63 V /√2 = 13.1734 V

Irms = Im /√2 = 564.53 mA /√2 = 399.183 mA

Ө = ӨV - ӨI = -48.8°- (-48.8°) = 0°

P.f. = cos Ө = cos 0° = 1

P = Vrms · Irms · cos Ө = (13.1734 V) (399.183 x 10-3 A) (1) = 5.2586 W

S = Vrms · Irms = (13.1734 V) (399.183 x 10-3 A) = 5.2586 W

Q = Vrms · Irms · sin Ө = (13.1734 V) (399.183 x 10-3 A) (0) = 0

Graphs

a) R circuit:

T
20.00

10.00
Current (A)

0.00

-10.00

-20.00

0.00 25.00m 50.00m 75.00m 100.00m

Time (s)
b) L circuit

T 30.00

15.00
Current (A)

0.00

-15.00

-30.00
0.00 25.00m 50.00m 75.00m 100.00m
Time (s)

c) RL circuit:

T 30.00

15.00
Current (A)

0.00

-15.00

-30.00
0.00 25.00m 50.00m 75.00m 100.00m
Time (s)
Analysis

In this experiment, three different circuits were assembled: a resistance circuit, an

inductance circuit, and a circuit with combination of this two. Certain new parameters
were measured. No Power (P) in L circuit and Reactive Power (Q) in R circuit occurred,
for P is measured by resistor and Q by inductor or capacitor. Another parameter S was
also introduced. To check whether the analysis were free of mistakes, the power
measured by the watt meter must be approximately equal to the P calculated.

Conclusion

Power in AC circuits was measured and calculated using different types of power:
reactive power, apparent power and p.f. Voltage, current and power were graphed by an
oscilloscope in relation with time.