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ABRACTS :-

The hacksaw is a metal cutting machine tool designed to cut metal by applying
pneumatic pressure.
The machine is exclusively intended for mass production and they represent fasten and
more efficient way to cut a metal.
Hacksaws are used to cut thin and soft metals. The operation of the unit is simplified to a
few simple operations involving a cylinder block and piston arrangement.
There are numerous types of cutting machines in Engineering field, which are used to
fulfill the requirements. We are interested to introduce pneumatic system in Hacksaw machine.
The main function of Pneumatic hacksaw is to cut thin and soft metals by pneumatic power.

LITERATURE REVIEW:
PNEUMATICS:
The word pneumatics originates from greek word (pneuma) which in turn originates from
(pneuma) meaning air organ which in turn comes from (pneuma greek for air).
Pneumatic is a huge topic of science and engineering dealing with the mechanical properties
of
air and the therotical foundation for pneumatics which focuses on engineering uses of air
properties, pneumatic topics range through. It is a branch of technology, which deals with the
study and application of pressurized gas to effect mechanical motion. Pneumatic systems are
extensively used in industry, where factories are commonly plumbed with compressed air or
compressed inert gases. This is because a centrally located and electrically powered
compressor
that powers cylinders and other pneumatic devices through solenoid valves is often able to
provide motive power in a cheaper, safer, more flexible, and more reliable way than a large
number of electric motors and actuators. Pneumatics also has applications in dentistry,
construction, mining, and other areas.
Pneumatic systems are widely used systems in industry. While they are used widely in the
industry, the system components like pumps, valves, cylinders are always became
investigation
topics in the history. Pneumatic cylinders are one of the most common components of the

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pneumatic systems used in many engineering applications like; automatic manufacturing and
montage lines, heavy construction equipments, control systems, sensitive measurement and
test
systems. They are used for producing linear motion in the pneumatic systems and they convert
pneumatic energy to mechanical energy.
Most science and engineering disciplines and cover concepts such as pipe flow dam design air
and air control, computional fluids called dynamics.flow measurment ,river channel
,behaviour
and erosion ,however if used incorrectly ,pneumatic instrument can result in weird occurrences
because of the nature of high pressured air .

PNEUMATIC POWER:
Pneumatic pressurized airs are a large group of air used as the motive medium in
pneumatic machinery. Air types include synthetic compounds of air and the mixtures .The air
are
found in machinery and equipment. to back holes , pneumatic systems are very common in
aircraft flight control systems air is medium of power transmission in a pneumatic systems.
SELECTION OF PNEUMATICS:
Mechanization is broadly defined as the replacement of manual effort by mechanical
power.
Pneumatic is an attractive medium for low cost mechanization particularly for sequential (or)
repetitive operations. Many factories and plants already have a compressed air system, which
is
capable of providing the power (or) energy requirements and the control system (although
equally pneumatic control systems may be economic and can be advantageously applied to
other
forms of power).
The main advantage of an all pneumatic system are usually economic and simplicity the later
reducing maintenance to a low level. It can also have out standing advantages in terms of
safety.
OXIDATION STABILITY:

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Oxidation is taken place due to chemical action between oil and oxygen when oxidation
of
air take place impurities like dusts, moistures, dirt, etc.oxidation stability is defined as the air
is
ability to resist oxidation. complete preventation of oxidation is impossible but it can be
reduced.
PRODUCTION OF COMPRESSEDAIR:
Pneumatic systems operate on a supply of compressed air, which must be made available,
in
sufficient quantity and at a pressure to suit the capacity of the system. However it wills indeed
the necessary to deal with the question of compressed air supply.
The key part of any facility for supply of compressed air is by means using reciprocating
compressor. A compressor is a machine that takes in air, gas at a certain pressure and delivered
the air at a high pressure. Compressor capacity is the actual quantity of air compressed and
delivered and the volume expressed is that of the air at intake conditions namely at atmosphere
pressure and normal ambient temperature.

INTRODUCTION
NEED FOR AUTOMATION
Nowadays almost all the manufacturing process is being automised in order to deliver the
products at a faster rate. The manufacturing operation is being automised for the following
reasons.
To achieve mass production
To reduce man power
To increase the efficiency of the plant
To reduce the work load

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To reduce the production cost

To reduce the production time

To reduce the material handling

To reduce the fatigue of workers
To achieve good product quality
Less Maintenance.

CONCEPT & ITS WORKING:

The compressed air from the compressor reaches the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve
changes the direction of flow according to the signals from the timing device.
The compressed air pass through the solenoid valve and it is admitted into the front end
of the cylinder block. The air pushes the piston for the cutting stroke. At the end of the
cutting stroke air from the solenoid valve reaches the rear end of the cylinder block. The
pressure remains the same but the area is less due to the presence of piston rod. This
exerts greater pressure on the piston, pushing it at a faster rate thus enabling faster return
stroke.

The weight attached at the end of the hacksaw frame gives constant loads which lower
the hacksaw to enable continuous cutting of the work.
The stroke length of the piston can be changed by making suitable adjustment in the
timer.
PHASES INVOLVED IN PROJECTS: Data collection.

Designing
Machining.
Welding.
Drilling.
Assembly.

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ADVANTAGES: There is no need of giving feed during every cut due to the presence of weight.
The cutting speed can be varied according to our needs by adjusting the timer.
It is portable
It does not have any Prime mover, like electric motor related to the unit.
As the air is freely available, we can utilize the air to cut the metal and hence it is
economical.
Simple in construction than mechanical hacksaw
It is a compact one
Less Maintenance

LIMITATIONS: Only smaller size and soft metal can be cut

It is costlier than the mechanical hacksaw because of compressor unit.
Less efficiency when compressed to mechanical device.
Leakage of air affects the working of the unit.

DIAGRAM:-

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