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Experiment: 1 (b)

Aim:

To study the performance of speed torque characteristics of compound DC

motor using integral and proportional (PI) type close control loop.
Equipment Requirements:
1.
2.
3.
4.

EMT 8
CE2
EMT 6A, 6B
DC machine
theory

Process industries like paper mills, cement plants etc employ variety of mechanical
systems like screw conveyors, calendar drives etc which require constant speed or
constant torque characteristics from their prime movers. Machine tool industry also
employs variable speed drives as table drives, spindle drives etc. close loop speed
control of DC shunt motor offers speed accuracy of better than 2% and speed range
as large as 1:50 or even more depending upon the speed control technique
employed.
Close loop control of DC shunt motor using armature voltage feed back is the
simplest of all. This offers correction against voltage

drop across armature

resistance . this drop increased with increase in armature current , which in turn
increases due to more torque demanded by the load. However in industry generally
tacho feedback is used for accuracy.
This unit demonstrates performance compound DC shunt motor with close loop.
This scheme employees high gain proportional (P type) control loop and in
addition integral (I type) control loops for better response characteristics.
Procedure:
In this Thyristor actuator panel EMT-9/CE-2 is used to supply power to compound DC
motor.
1. Make the connections as per the wiring schedule .
2. Do not connect motor terminals to respective sockets.
3. Use 230 V / 100W or 15 W lamp load in load bulb socket and check both the
bridges for proper voltage variation or smooth control intensity of lamp.
Output voltage variation achieved at output using SP pot on EMT- 9 / CE-2
panel at CW and CCW position should be around 0-180V DC for nominal input
of 230V AC.
4. Once the proper control on output is achieved switch off the power supply by
putting OFF the switches SW1 on EMT-8 Panel. set the SP POT on EMT-9/CE-2

panels to CCW position and keep feedback switch at close and P/PI selector
switch at PI position.
5. Now remove the output wires of EMT -9 / CE-2 panels from lamp loads and
connect to respective terminal of motor.
6. Put ON the power supply by putting ON SW1 on EMT-8 PANEL .
7. Slowly increase the input supply by rotating the SP pot and CW on LHS EMT-9
/ CE-2 panel to get required speed. the motor will start rotating. Motor
supplied with the trainer is rated

180 V / 1.5A as armature rating while

maximum field voltage is 180V.


8. Adjust loading belt tension by keeping one wing nut a constant position and
adjusting the other so that Ia increases. adjust it to different values,
9. Calculate the torque in N-m using following formula :
Torque ( in Nm ) = L (Kg) * 9.81* R (Meter)
Where, L kg = T1 - T2 and
R = Radius of the pulley.
Torque in N-m = L ( Kg) * 9.81 * 0.0302
Torque in N-m = L (Kg) * 0.296 ( torque constt.)
10.Apply following procedure to switch OFF the trainer after completing the
experiment.
A) slowly reduce the belt tension up to no load.
B) Reduce input supply by rotating SP pot on LHS EMT-9 / CE-2 panel towards
ccw position till motor stops.
OBSERVATION TABLE
Table : speed torque characteristics for separately excited dc motor
Va = 180 v , pulley diameter = 60.5 mm , T const. = 0.296
S. No.

Va volts
(Dc)

Ia amps
(Dc)

T1
kg

T2
kg

Torque
Nm

Speed
RPM
(N)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Conclusion
Dc compound motor exhibits speed torque characteristics which combines useful
features of both shunt motor and series motor. This is series aiding type of
compounding.

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