6.

Exports and Imports

Foreign trade of medicinal plants (Exports and Imports) is an age old
practice. Whereas a large number of botanicals of foreign origin are
used in the Indian Systems of Medicine, many botanicals are under
significant export. The foreign trade of botanicals has a direct bearing
on their domestic demand and supply. Aspects related to the diversity
and quantum of foreign trade of botanicals and the mechanism of
record maintenance are discussed below:

6.1. Exports
The data relating to Indias exports by commodities is compiled and
published by the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence
and Statistics (DGCIS) of Government of India. In these
compilations the items are listed with their HS (ITC) codes along
with annual quantities in Kilograms and trade value in Rupees. For
the current study the latest data available for scrutiny pertains to
the years 2003-04 and 2004-05.
The medicinal plant materials do not get enlisted fully under any
specific major category of HS (Harmonised System) codes followed
internationally. In compilations published by DGCIS, these
materials fall mainly under HS (ITC) code 1211 and its subsets (39
items). These commodities constitute the major category linkable
to medicinal plants but there are several other commodities under
a number of different HS code categories e.g. 1301 (with 3 subsets
- 3 items), 130219 (extracts - 7 items), 14041020 (Red sandalwood
powder), 14041011 (Henna leaves), 14041019 (Henna powder),
14041061 (Amla myrobalans), 14041069 (Other myrobalans) and
even 14049021 (Soapnuts) which need to be included to cover the
range of botanicals falling under the medicinal plant category.
Box 6.1. Classification of Plants as Medicinal
The classification of any plant entity as Medicinal is use-based and for
entities/ items which have many, and perhaps major other end uses it
does pose a problem about deciding the inclusion or exclusion of an
entity for such compilations. We have, therefore, used the criteria of
recorded commercial use by Indias herbal industries, for selection of
entities in this tabulation, in respect of entities not included under the
major HS code 1211. All commodities under the major HS code 1211
have been included in this compilation and the definition applicable to

Based on exhaustive scanning of the data published by DGCIS, 61

commodities have been enlisted for compiling the data on exports
of Medicinal Plants from India. This compilation has been made
for the latest two years data pertaining to 2003-04 and 2004-05 and
is presented in Table - 6.4.

As per this compilation, the total quantity of exported medicinal plants,

including plant extracts, amounted to 55408 MT and 57880 MT for the
years 2003-04 and 2004-05 respectively. In terms of the rupee value of
these exports, the amounts were 517.5 crores and 515.8 crores for the
corresponding two years. The tabulation of break-up of this data for
the year 2004-05 is given below in table 6.1.
Table 6.1: Highlights of Exports of medicinal plants during
2004-05
S.
No.

Item
code

% of
Quantit
% of
total
y
quantity
value
in MT
(04-05)
(04-05)
16775.8
32.53 20578.5
35.56
0
9

Value
(Rs. in
lakh)

Items

1 12119013 Psyllium (Seeds +

+
Husk)
12119032
2 12119022 Senna (Leaves &
pods)
3 14041011 Henna (Leaves &
+
powder)
14014019
4 14041061 Myrobalans
+ 1404169
5 12119050 Sandalwood chips &
dust
6 13019016 Karaya gum
7 12119015 Jojoba seed
8 9041110 Pepper long
9 12119026 Pyrethrum
10 9109915 Cassia tora seeds
11 Others (All
Miscellaneous)
12 13021400 All extracts
to
13021919
Total

2911.40

18.87

2878.00

5.64 10924.0
5
5.58 4089.44

1974.00

3.82 4009.86

6.93

1422.40

2.76

105.47

0.18

1.91 832.10
1.80 867.22
1.35 812.77
0.73 759.67
0.58 1572.46
12.09 12036.1
7
31.21 1291.71

1.44
1.50
1.40
1.31
2.72
20.8

100.00 57879.
51

100.00

984.30
927.50
696.80
374.00
298.10
6236.20
16098.8
0
51577.3
0

Senna (leav es &

Psy llium (Seed +
Husk)

pods)
Henna (leav es &
pow der)
My robalans
Sandalw ood
chips & dust
Karay a gum
Jojoba seed
Pepper long
Py rethrum

All ex tracts

Cassia tora seed

Others (All
Miscellaneous)

7.06

2.23

Fig. 6.1: Value

wise Analysis of
Exports (2004 05)
Analysis
of
this
data shows that the
highest quantity, as
well
as
value,
relates to Psyllium
3

(after combining seeds and husk). It is obtained from the plant species
Plantago ovata, which is cultivated in large areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan
and Madhya Pradesh. Psyllium exports during 2004-05 constitu-ted
35.6% of total exports of medicinal plants by quantity and 32.5% of
total exports by value. During 2004-05 the 2nd highest exported entity,
by quantity, was Senna (18.9%) followed by Henna (7.1%), Myrobalans
(6.9%) and Cassia tora seeds (2.7%). Exports of plant extracts
constituted 31.2% of the total value of medicinal plant related exports,
though in terms of quantity this percentage was only 2.2%. The
category Others (pertaining to miscellaneous plant materials)
constituted 20.8% by volume and 12.1% by value, during 2004-05.
Specific identity of materials included in this category cannot be
deciphered from the data compilation published by DGCIS. This is a
limitation, which needs to be addressed in a systematic manner to help
proper interpretation of this data for resource management
interventions. The remaining 5.8% of exports, by quantity, consisted of
Sandalwood chips and dust, Karaya gum, Jojoba seeds, Pepper long
and Pyrethrum.
During 2004-05,
the total value of
plant raw drugs
exported
(excluding
extracts) was Rs.
354.8
Crores
corresponding to
a
quantity
of
56,500 MT.

Fig.No.6.2: Quantity wise analysis of Exports (2004-05)

Henna (leav es and
Senna (leav es and
pods)

pow der)
My robalans
Sandalw ood chips
& dust
Karay a gum

Psy llium (Seed +

Husk)

Jojoba seed
Pepper long
Py rethrum

All ex tracts
Cassia tora seed
During the year
2003-04,
Jojoba
Others (All
Miscellaneous)
seeds worth Rs.
89 Crores and
corresponding to 9656 MT were recorded in export making this
commodity the highest exported plant raw drug. During 2004-05,
however, this entity recorded a much lower level of export at 867 MT
at an export value of Rs. 9.2 Crores. Following is the extract of the
tabulation for 2003-04 & 2004-05 in respect of Psyllium (seeds and
husk) and Jojoba seeds, constituting the two topmost entities in
exports, during 2003-04 (Table 6.2).

Table 6.2: Exports of Psyllium and Jojoba during 2003-04 and

2004-05
HS
2003-04
2004-05
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
(ITC)
Name
(Kg)
(Rs)
(Kg)
(Rs)
Code
121190
13
121190
32

Psyllium
Seeds
Psyllium
Husk

121190 Jojoba Seeds

15
Total (Psyllium &
Jojoba)

3,520,038
7,235,624
9,656,424
20,400
MT

246,051,58
2
586,049,89
4

1,191,211

84,885,642

19,387,37
8

1592,698,94
2

890,659,62
9
172.2
Crores

867,223

92,745,044

21,400
MT

177 Crores

Note: The fluctuation in quantities (and value) of exports of

Psyllium and Jojoba seeds, for 2003-04 and 2004-05, appears to
be on account of inadequate separation of data pertaining to
these two different entities.
Three species, with significant level of cultivations in India and
contributing to the exports of medicinal plants are Psyllium, Senna and
Henna. Apart from these three species, only seven other species have
specific quantities and value recorded in the exports data of 2004-05
and it accounted for only 15.5% of exports by quantity, and 13% of
exports by value.
Box 6.2: Milk Thistle Cultivation for Export
Cultivation of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum), especially in Rajasthan, has
gained popularity in the recent times for export of its seeds. An estimated
500 MT of seeds of this entity are reported to be produced annually. The
average production is estimated at 1500 kg per hectare and the farmers

Like Jojoba and Milk thistle, species being recently taken up for
cultivation for exports in Rajasthan, there are reports about
cultivation of a wild plant species of southern India, namely
Caralluma adscendens, gaining popularity for exports though no
data relating to the quantum of exports of this species could be
obtained.
6.1.1. Exports Turnover of Indias Herbal Sector:
The annual exports of Indias herbal sector add upto Rs. 807 Crores for
the year 2004-05 as per DGCIS data. This includes exports worth Rs.
354.80 Crores relating to plant raw drugs, Rs. 161 Crores relating to
plant extracts and Rs.291 Crores relating to medicants of Ayurvedic,
Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathic system. It shows that the finished
5

herbal products constitute nearly 36% of the total exports of Indias

herbal sector and the balance 64% exports are in the form of raw
materials and extracts. In 2003-04, the corresponding total export
turnover of raw drugs, extracts and finished products was Rs.622
Crores. These figures show that compared to the year 2003-04, the
herbal exports during 2004-05 showed a sizeable increase of Rs.185
Crores (nearly 30%) and this was almost entirely on account of higher
exports of finished herbal products. For arriving at an assessment of
future trends, for this sector, the data for years 2005-06 and 2006-07,
when it becomes available, will have to be analysed. However, even
assuming a modest growth rate of 20% per annum, the export turnover
for the year 2006-07 is likely to be of the order of Rs.1150 Crores.

6.2. Imports
A compilation and analysis, similar to the one described above, was
undertaken for the Imports of medicinal plants by India for the
same period i.e. 2003-04 and 2004-05. Here also, in addition to 24
items falling under the broad HS code 1211, a number of others
like Pepper long (9041110), Cassia tora seeds (9109915), Gum
Arabic (13012000), and Rudraksha seeds (14049070) have been
added raising the total number of commodities enlisted for this
tabulation to 40. The consolidated figures of such imports
amounted to 29,934 MT (Rs.135 Crores) during 2003-04 and
37,483 MT (Rs.173 Crores) during 2004-05 (See Table - 6.5). In
respect of the specific botanicals imported during 2004-05 as
shown in Table 6.3, Gum Arabic constituted the largest
proportion by quantity (34%) whereas Pepper long constituted
the largest proportion by value (31.4%).
Similar to the available Exports data, here also the category listed as
Others constitutes the largest proportion both in quantity (35.7%)
and value (41%) and thus limits our interpretation of the specific
entities constituting significant proportion of imports of botanicals.

Table 6.3: Highlights of Imports of medicinal plants during

2004-05
S. No.

HS code

Items

Value
(Rs. in lakh)

9041110 Pepper long

5439.49

2
3

13012000 Gum Arabic

12119096 Garcinia

2623.37
479.96

Quantit
%
y
quantity
in MT
31.41 9067.19
24.19
12730.9
15.15
3
33.96
2.77 655.60
1.75

%
value

4
5
6

Liquorice
12111000 roots
Total

Others
All Extracts

218.52

1.26 1603.20
13384.8
7089.20 40.95
7
1465.72
8.46
41.76
37483.
17316.26 100.00
55

4.28
35.71
0.11
100.00

An item (commodity) imported in sizeable quantities has been Gum

Arabic (13012000) with recorded imports of 8,172 MT and 12,731 MT
during 2003-04 & 2004-05 respectively. This item/ commodity has also
been recorded in the exports data with recorded export of 101.8 MT
during 2003-04 and 168.9 MT during 2004-05. However a comparison
of the value of imports and exports of this commodity reveals that the
imported Gum Arabic had a very low unit price at around Rs. 21 per
kg whereas the exported Gum Arabic averaged a rate of Rs.222 per
kg (during 2004-05). It could be inferred from this anomaly that for
meaningful interpretation of data, accurate linkage of these figures to
their specific botanical sources is a prerequisite.
Fig. 6.3: Quantity wise Analysis of Imports (2004-05)
It is interesting, as
well as revealing,
Others
to
compare
the
data relating to
Liquorice roots
exports
and
Garcenia
imports of an item
All Ex tracts
listed as Pepper
Long
(9041110)
during
2004-05.
Pepper long
Gum arabic
Export of this item
amounted to 812
MT (Rs.6.9 Crores)
while the Imports stood at a much higher figure of 9067 MT (Rs.54.3
Crores). The overall average unit price for exports i.e. Rs.85/- per Kg,
is much higher than the unit price for imports i.e. Rs. 60 per Kg.
Though the item name and code is same for exports as well as imports,
these perhaps refer to two different botanical entities. The imported
entity is possibly Piper chaba (= Piper retrofractum), recognized in
trade as the bigger variety, whereas the exported one is mainly Piper
longum, which is called the smaller variety in trade.
The tabulated data of Indias Imports during 2004-05 shows import of
a sizeable quantity of Kuth roots (12119046) at 216 MT (Rs.27.6
7

Lacs) and Serpentina roots (12119044) at 28 MT (Rs.8.7 Lacs).

During 2004-05 nearly 90% of Kuth roots were imported from
Myanmar and Sepentina roots were imported from Congo Republic
(60%) and Myanmar (40%). These trade names are popularly linked to
the plant species Saussurea costus (Kuth roots) and Rauvolfia
serpentina (Serpentina roots). While Saussurea costus is included in
appendix I of CITES, Rauvolfia serpentina is listed in appendix II of the
CITES and under the provisions of the international convention,
ratified by more than 130 countries including India, trade for
commercial purposes requires specific certification from the countries
of origin of such material.
Also intriguing is the low import rate/ unit price of Rs.13 per kg for
import of Kuth roots. Similarly, the import price of Serpentina roots
was significantly different during 2003-04 and during 2004-05 when
these were imported at Rs. 90 per kg and Rs. 31 per kg respectively.
Therefore, the issue that emerges again is the need for accurate
linkage of these trade names to their specific botanical sources in the
foreign trade data (DGCIS records) and in the absence of such linkage,
it is not possible to confirm whether the entities under foreign trade as
Kuth roots and Serpentina roots pertain to Saussurea costus and
Rauvolfia serpentina or to some other plant entity.
It needs no emphasis that there is an urgent need for revising the
system of cataloging our exports and imports of plant materials in
order to establish clear linkages between specific codes and specific
plant species. Only then this data will help in backward and forward
linkage with specific plant resources and contribute to the
management decisions relating to these natural resources.

6.3. Exports and Imports Data (other sources)

In addition to the commodities, linkable to the specific plant entities
based on their description/ nomenclature in the export and import data
discussed and analysed above, it has been possible to obtain estimates
of exports of some specific plant materials from the known exporters
and also the imports of some entities by the manufacturing units.
For example, exporters at Tuticorin reported export of 400 MT of
leaves and 346 MT of roots of Vinca rosea (=Catharanthus roseus)
during 2005-06. Exports of 90 MT of Gloriosa superba seeds and 140

MT of Coleus forskohlii roots (= C. barbatus) have also been recorded

during the same year.
According to the assessment reported by ADMA (Ayurvedic Drug
Manufacturing Association), less than 10% of requirement of guggul
gum (from Commiphora wightii) is currently being met from
indigenous sources with the remaining 90% of this material being
obtained through imports.

TABLE 6.4: EXPORTS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS DURING 2003 - 2004 & 2004 - 2005
(Source: Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics)
S.
No

ITEM
CODE
ITC

9041110

PEPPER LONG

9109915

CASSIA TORA SEED

1211

ITEMS

TOTAL
QUANTITY
(KG )
(03-04)

VALUE (Rs.)
(03-04)

TOTAL
QUANTITY
(KG )
(04-05)

VALUE (Rs.)
(04-05)

940428

88,881,626

812,769

69,679,476

1881093

16,728,265

1,572,455

29,813,922

Plants and parts of plants including seeds and fruits used for perfumery, insecticidal or similar purposes
fresh/dried, W/N, cut, crushed or powdered

1211100
0

LIQUORICE ROOTS FRSH/DRID W/N CRSHD/

PWDRD

9789

1,120,667

6,420

3,851,182

1211200
0

GINSING ROOTS FRSH/DRID W/N CUT

326684

24,422,348

54,661

4,893,949

1211300
0

COCA LEAF FRSH/DRID W/N CUT CRSHD/PWDRD

10500

734,787

1,455

47,066

1211400
0

POPY STRAW FRSH/DRID W/N CUT

CRSHD/PWDRD

9148

321,148

2,000

47,693

1211901
1

AMBRETTE SEEDS (MUST GRAINS OF VGTBL

KNGDM)

74879

7,467,559

40,341

8,294,403

1211901
2

NUX VOMICA DRIED RIPE SEEDS

32085

1,045,193

20,000

343,182

1211901
3

PSYLLIUM SEED (ISOBUL)

3520038

246,051,582

1,191,211

84,885,642

10

1211901
4

NEEM SEED

17040

995,028

1,210

230,538

11

1211901
5

JAJAOBA SEED

9656424

890,659,629

867,223

92,745,044

12

1211901
9

OTHER SEEDS FRSH/DRID W/N CUT

CRSHD/PWDR USED PERFUMRY, PHARM ETC

939994

45,999,887

2,156,929

86,893,590

13

1211902

BELLADONA LEAVES

352918

12,435,810

27,400

962,734

1
14

1211902
2

SENNA LEAVES AND PODS

10973692

361,877,448

10,924,049

291,139,937

15

1211902
3

NEEM LEAVES/POWDER

42695

3,054,507

163,677

3,553,720

16

1211902
4

GYMNEMA POWDER

88179

17,040,583

119,933

8,681,275

17

1211902
6

PYRETHRUM

1046731

41,072,714

759,669

37,400,311

18

1211902
9

OTHER LEVS, PWDR, FLRS & PODS FRSH/DRD

W/N CUT CRSHD/PWDRD

3100044

155,461,445

1,969,477

98,576,944

19

1211903
1

CASCARA SAGRADA BARK

56895

2,781,739

29,139

4,355,766

20

1211903
2

PSYLLIUM HUSK (ISOBGUL HUSK)

7235624

586,049,894

19,387,378

1,592,698,942

21

1211903
3

CAMBODGE FRUIT RIND/ THE DRIED PERICARP

OF THE FRTS OF GARCINIA CAMBOGIA

24800

3,323,702

84,539

9,066,703

22

1211903
9

OTHR BARK, HUSK & RIND FRESH/DRIED W/N

CUT CRSHD/POWDERED

570578

61,239,675

1,049,137

52,265,245

23

1211904
1

BELLADONA ROOTS

230921

13,478,043

12,079

437,967

24

1211904
2

GALANGAL RHIZOMES & RTS INCL. GREATER

GALANGA

119355

3,860,237

328,400

18,189,263

25

1211404
3

IPECAC DRIED RHIZOME & ROOTS

17700

2,452,556

25,120

8,590,516

26

1211904
4

SERPENTINA ROOTS

142000

1,656,012

1,372

99,361

27

1211904
5

ZEDOVARY ROOTS

86600

1,967,901

99,452

3,132,967

28

1211904
7

SARSAPARILLA

1798

109,271

15,300

652,597

48

29

1211904
8

SWEET FLAG RHIZOME

8600

1,031,094

16,000

424,814

30

1211904
9

OTHER ROOTS & RHIZOMES FRSH/DRD W/N

CRSHD/PWDRD

1311907

89,133,707

528,597

29,484,675

31

1211905
0

SANDAL WOOD CHIPS AND DUST

351589

191,977,754

105,474

142,242,565

32

1211906
0

VINCA ROSEA (HERBS)

585544

19,704,599

340,589

11,139,479

33

1211907
0

MINT, INCL. LEAVES (ALL SPECIES)

13292

1,495,434

12,175

2,235,726

34

1211908
0

AGARWOOD (INCLDING CHIPS & DUST)

141087

14,258,458

6,928

5,413,987

35

1211909
91

CHIRATA

35355

2,144,309

415,570

4,566,768

36

1211909
2

TUKMARIA

206307

5,801,186

131,275

2,517,720

37

1211909
3

UNAB (INDIAN JUJUBE OR CHINESE DATES)

146

80,214

1,500

262,350

38

1211909
4

BASIL, HYASOP, ROSE MARY SAGE, SAVORY

8245

7,635,614

55,197

22,694,002

39

1211909
5

LOVAGE

1000

103,461

14,280

217,998

40

1211909
6

GARCENIA

112985

62,720,713

25,790

14,330,389

41

1211909
9

OTHR PRTS OF PLTS USD IN PERFMRY, PHARMA

ETC, FRSH/DRID

1995940

138,335,402

3,307,225

122,820,687

42

1301200
0

GUM ARABIC

101851

14,662,610

168,912

38,270,994

43

1301901
6

KARAYA GUM (INDIAN TRAGACANTH HASTAB)

429690

48,726,184

832,100

98,426,899

44

1301901

OTHER NATURAL GUMS

761179

52,561,554

498,172

21,265,231

49

9
45

1302110
0

SAPS AND EXTRACTS OF OPIUM

258,010

565,668,942

216,283

467,977,697

46

1302140
0

SAP EXTRACTS OF PYRETHRUM OR OF THE

ROOTS OF PLANTS CONTAINING ROTENONE

81

3374

1361131

47

1302191
1

EXTRACTS BELLADONA

50837

52,863,793

48,021

178,021,424

48

1302191
2

EXTRACTS CASCARE SAGRADA

4095

331,514

49

1302191
3

EXTRACTS NUXVOMICA

40

197,905

5,307

50

1302191
4

GINSENG EXTRACTS INCL. POWDER

3590

3,671,158

51

1302191
6

EXTRACTS, NEEM

64452

50,879,213

32,326

47,649,698

52

1302191
7

GYMNEMA EXTRACT

56970

22,491,719

20,264

13,847,429

53

1302191
8

CAMBODGE EXTRACT

920157

553,736,968

546,589

322,208,995

54

1302191
9

OTHER EXTRACTS

517582

372,071,550

424,853

578,811,772

55

1404101
1

HENNA LEAVES

209702

13,279,693

488,305

46,687,225

56

1404101
9

HENNA POWDER

2913684

147,789,039

3,601,131

241,117,354

57

1404102
0

RED SANDAL WOOD POWDER

23302

11,341,851

14,194

16,585,228

58

1404106
1

MYROBALANS AMLA (EMBLICA LINN) USD IN

TANNG

303207

10,954,157

160,160

4,285,245

59

1404106
9

MYROBALANS OTHR (WHOLE OR CUT) USD IN

TANNG

2377874

121,609,500

3,849,702

193,116,164

50

60

1404902
1

SOAPNUT POWDER

87813

2,785,512

27,390

1,057,400

61

1404902
9

OTHER SOAP NUTS

43082

2,364,482

264,332

17,162,881

55407746

5,174,698,626

57,879,50
5

5,157,739,169

Total:

51

TABLE 6.5: IMPORTS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS DURING 2003 - 2004 & 2004 - 2005
(Source: Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics)

S.
No

ITEM
CODE
ITC

ITEMS

TOTAL
Quantity
(KG )
(03-04)

VALUE (Rs.)
(03-04)

% total
quantit
y
(03-04)

% value
(Rs.)
(03-04)

TOTAL
QUANTI
TY
(KG )

VALUE (Rs.)
(04-05)

(04-05)

904111
0

PEPPER LONG

910991
5

CASSIA TORA SEED

8,255,1
79

536,757,52
6

27,000

745,289

27.58
0.09

39.67

9,067,1
91

543,948,5
01

0.06

Nil

Nil

1211

Plants and parts of plants including seeds and fruits used for perfumery, insecticidal or
similar purposes fresh/dried, W/N, cut, crushed or powdered

121110
00

LIQUORICE ROOTS FRSH/DRID W/N

CRSHD/ PWDRD

121120
00

GINSING ROOTS FRSH/DRID W/N

CUT

121190
11

AMBRETTE SEEDS (MUST GRAINS

OF VGTBL KNGDM)

121190
15

JAJAOBA SEED

121190
19

OTHER SEEDS FRSH/DRID W/N CUT

CRSH D/PWDRD USD IN PERFMRY,
PHARM ETC

121190
23

NEEM LEAVES/POWDER

121190
25

CUBEB POWDER

% total
%
quantity value
(04-05) (Rs.)
(0405)

24.19

31.4
1

Nil

Nil

1,178,7
14

14,725,558

3.94

1.09

1,603,1
96

21,852,45
5

4.28

1.26

249

410,216

0.00

0.03

500

453,682

0.00

0.03

210,601

12,114,871

0.70

0.90

28,634

2,520,929

0.08

0.15

9,000

184,353

0.03

0.01

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

271,031

15,776,686

0.91

1.17

222,407

11,424,30
4

0.59

0.66

11,600

203,123

0.03

0.01

292,521

20,411,52
7

0.78

1.18

241,989

18,014,326

0.81

1.33

52

10

121190
26

PYRETHRUM

11

121190
29

OTHER LEAVES, PWDR, FLRS, PODS

FRSH/

150,589

14,376,992

0.50

1.06

109,800

9,333,813

0.29

0.54

2,044,0
02

88,902,269

6.83

6.57

5,200,1
21

331,723,0
01

13.87

19.1
6

46,450

5,372,925

0.16

0.40

137,449

13,786,11
9

0.37

0.80

2,003,2
69

76,155,878

6.69

5.63

2,919,2
85

161,286,8
67

7.79

9.31

57,000

2,646,728

0.19

0.20

94,410

4,512,267

0.25

0.26

DRD W/N CUT CRSHD/PWDRD

12

121190
32

PSYLLIUM HUSK (ISOBGUL HUSK)

13

121190
39

OTHR BARK, HUSK & RIND

FRESH/DRIED W/N CUT
CRSHD/POWDERED

14

121190
42

GALANGAL RHIZOMES & RTS INCL.

GREATER GALANGA

15

121190
44

SERPENTINA ROOTS

118,762

10,628,739

0.40

0.79

28,000

872,334

0.07

0.05

16

121190
46

KUTH ROOT

398,480

4,919,567

1.33

0.36

216,460

2,759,775

0.58

0.16

17

121190
47

SARSAPARILLA

4,520

210,013

0.02

0.02

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

18

121190
49

OTHER ROOTS & RHIZOMES

FRSH/DRD W/N CUT CRSHD/PWDRD

154,654

32,326,881

0.52

2.39

391,309

22,829,69
8

1.04

1.32

19

121190
50

SANDAL WOOD CHIPS AND DUST

3,000

418,140

0.01

0.03

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

20

121190
80

AGARWOOD (INDLCING CHIPS &

DUST)

43,091

3,857,269

0.14

0.29

66,065

9,472,740

0.18

0.55

21

121190
91

CHIRATA

18,855

730,379

0.06

0.05

97,420

3,451,883

0.26

0.20

22

121190
92

TUKMARIA

155,058

2,539,262

0.52

0.19

34,261

467,575

0.09

0.03

23

121190
93

UNAB (INDIAN JUJUBE OR CHINESE

DATES)

114,900

1,945,702

0.38

0.14

25,094

706,327

0.07

0.04

24

121190

BASIL, HYASOP, ROSE MARY,

76,143

3,551,836

0.25

0.26

172,330

10,217,48

0.46

0.59

53

94

SAVORY

25

121190
96

GARCENIA

2,347,2
40

122,724,17
6

7.84

9.07

655,600

47,995,97
4

1.75

2.77

26

121190
99

OTHER PRTS OF PLANTS USD IN

PERFMRY PHARMA-CUTICAL ETC,
FRSH/DRIED

2,862,7
64

78,166,136

9.56

5.78

2,350,7
67

77,686,57
5

6.27

4.49

27

130120
00

GUM ARABIC

8,172,1
53

167,637,97
6

27.30

12.39

12,730,
933

262,336,8
35

33.96

15.1
5

28

130190
19

OTHER NATURAL GUMS

453,366

31,063,638

1.51

2.30

195,761

12,552,20
7

0.52

0.72

29

130211
00

SAPS AND EXTRACTS OF OPIUM

3,000

2,202,500

0.01

0.16

6,090

4,507,245

0.02

0.26

30

130214
00

SAP EXTRACTS OF PYRETHRUM OR

OF THE ROOTS OF PLANTS
CONTAINING ROTENONE

6,698

2,810,436

0.02

0.21

225

217,511

0.00

0.01

31

130219
11

EXTRACTS BELLADONA

3,743

4,307,936

0.01

0.32

2,685

28,073,77
5

0.01

1.62

32

130219
14

GINSENG EXTRACTS INCL.

POWDER

6,999

28,167,381

0.02

2.08

11,333

33,953,34
3

0.03

1.96

33

130219
17

GYMNEMA EXTRACT

100

25,353

0.00

0.00

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

34

130219
18

CAMBODGE EXTRACT

2,820

1,037,123

0.01

0.08

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

35

130219
19

OTHER EXTRACTS

64,751

58,919,766

0.22

4.35

21,424

79,820,19
7

0.06

4.61

36

140410
11

HENNA LEAVES

1,750

12,333

0.01

0.00

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

37

140410
19

HENNA POWDER

1,700

181,500

0.01

0.01

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

38

140410
61

MYROBALANS AMLA (EMBLICA

LINN) USD IN TANNG

11,500

134,233

0.04

0.01

2,891

30,221

0.01

0.00

54

39

140490
29

OTHER SOAP NUTS

220,330

3,291,848

0.74

0.24

592,991

6,781,064

1.58

0.39

40

140490
70

RUDRAKSHA SEED

192,846

4,952,463

0.64

0.37

194,792

5,436,518

0.52

0.31

29,934,
296

1,352,946,
203

100.0
0

100.0
0

37,483,
545

1,731,62
5,867

100.0
0

100.
0

Total:

55

53