ASTM and ISO VOCs in Coatings - Method Comparison Matrix

Designation

Title

Rev. 6
Scope

Technique

Key Definitions

Range

Test Conditions

Result Units

Methods
Referenced

Equivalent/
similar to
method

5% to 100% VOC by
weight.

110oC +/- 5oC for 60

minutes

Percent by Weight
(wt.%)

D4713, E145, EPA

24, EPA 24A

ISO 11890-1

D1475, D2369,
D2697, D2832,
D3792, D4017,
D4457, D5201,
D5095, EPA 24

ISO 11890-1

Percent by Weight
(wt.%)

E145, BAAQMD
Method 35

Ref. ASTM
D2369

Weight Percent
Volume Percent

D153, D1475, D2369,

D2832, D3960,
D4758, EPA 24

110oC +/- 5oC for 60

minutes

Percent by Weight
(wt.%)

D2369, D3792,
D4017, BAAQMD
Method 35

Ref. ASTM
D2369
ASTM D2369
ASTM D3960

Non-Speciated VOC Content in Paints

ASTM D2369

Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings

Determination of the weight percent volatile content of solvent

reducible and water reducible coatings.

nonvolatile matter
Gravimetric minus
volatile content
Water
matter

ASTM D3960

Standard Practice for Determining Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

Content of Paints and Related Coatings

Determination of VOC content of solventborne and waterborne

paints and related coatings released from a sample under
specific bake conditions.

exempt solvent
Gravimetric minus
nonvolatile material
Water
VOA, VOC & VOC Content

ASTM D5200

Test Method for Determining Weight Percent Volatile Content of SolventBorne Aerosol Paints

Determination of weight percent organic compounds or solventborne paints in aerosol cans.

Gravemetric

nonvolatile content
VOC Content

ASTM D5201

Practice for Calculation of Formulation Physical Constants of Paints and

Coatings

Procedure for calcualting weight solids, volume solids, solvent

content and density of liquid paints and coatings based on
formulation data.

Calculations

nonvolatile content
VOC
VOC Content

ASTM D5325

Test Method for Determining Weight Percent Volatile Content of WaterBorne Aerosol Paints

Determination of weight percent volatile content of water-borne

paints in aerosols.

ISO 11890-1

Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC)

content - Part 1: Difference method

Determination of VOC content of paints, varnishes and their raw

exempt solvent
Gravimetric minus
materials, where expected VOC content is greater than about
for use
Water
15% by mass.
VOC Content

ready
15% to 100% VOC by
VOC &
weight.

ISO 3251: e.g. 105C

for 60 minutes

wt.% or g/l

ISO760, ISO3251,
ISO2811-1,2,3&4,
ISO11890-2,
ISO15528, D3960

ISO 11890-2

Paints and varnishes - Detrmination of volatile organic compound (VOC)

content - Part 2: Gas-chromatographic method

Determination of VOC content of paints, varnishes and their raw

materials, where expected VOC content is greater than about
0.1% and less than 15% by mass.

ready
0.1% to 15% VOC by
VOC &
weight.

Optimized for product

being tested. Revised
2006 for EU Deco
paints directive

wt.% or g/l

ISO760, ISO15528,
ISO2811-1,2,3&4,
ISO11890-1, D3960

Paints and varnishes - Determination of the volatile organic compound

content of low-VOC emulsion paints (in-can VOC)

Quantitative determination of VOC content of emulsion paints, for

Head Space in-can VOC
VOCs with boiling points up to 250oC under standard conditions Capillary GC with VOC
at concentrations between 0.01% and 0.1% by mass.
FID or MS
VOC Content

ISO 17895

volatile

Tested at 63% to
77.5% by weight VOC.

Gravimetric minus nonvolatile content

Water
VOC Content

exempt solvent
Capillary GC with
for use
FID, MS or FT-IR
VOC Content

5% to 100% VOC by
weight.

110oC +/- 5oC for 60

minutes

.
5% to 100% VOC by
weight.

HS=150oC, Column =
0.01% to 0.1% VOC by
Percent by Weight
95% DMS, 5% Phenyl,
weight.
(wt.%)
100oC to 300oC

ISO2811-1,2,3&4,
ISO3696, ISO15528

Speciation of VOCs in Paints

ASTM D4457

Test Method for Determination of Dichloromethane and 1,1,1trichloroethane in Paints and Coatings by Direct Injection into a Gas
Chromatograph

Determination of total amount of dichlromethane and 1,1,1trichloroethane or both in paints and coatings.

Direct Injetion
Packed Column
GC/FID

exempt compound
exempt solvent

Tested at 31% to 78%

by weight.

Direct Injection, Porous

Percent by Weight
Polymer GC, 100oC to
(wt.%)
230oC

ASTM E260

ASTM D5134

Detailed Analysis of Petroleum Naphthas through n-Nonane by Capillary

Gas Chromatography

Determination of hydrocarbon components of petroleum

naphthas as enumerated in Table 1 of the method. Components
eluting after n-nonane (bp 150.8C) are determined as a single
group.

Direct Injetion
Capillary GC/FID

exempt compound
exempt solvent

0.05 mass % level or

greater can be
determined

Percent by Weight
(wt.%)

ASTM E260

ASTM D6133

Acetone, p-Chlorobenzotrifluoride, Methyl Acetate or t-Butyl Acetate

Content of Solventborne and Waterborne Paints, Coatings, Resins, and
Raw Materials by Direct Injection Into a Gas Chromatograph

Determination of the total-concentration of acetone, pchlorobenzotrifluoride, methyl acetate, or t-butyl acetate, or

combination of any of the four, in solventborne and waterborne
paints, coatings, resins, and raw materials.

Direct Injection exempt compound

Capillary GC with exempt solvent
FID
Content

VOC

1% to 100% by weight
for each analyte.

Optimized for product

being tested.

Percent by Weight
(wt.%)

D3271, D3272

ASTM D6438

Acetone, Methyl Acetate, and Parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF) Content

of Paints, and Coatings by Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas
Chromatography

Determination of acetone, methyl acetate or PCBTF in solvent

borne paints and coatings and waterborne coatings with
modification

SPME Headspace exempt compound

Capillary GC with exempt solvent
FID or MS
Content

VOC

Tested at 10% to 90%

by weight.

SPME (PEG/DVB),
Percent by Weight
Column = 100% PEG,
(wt.%)
35oC to 240oC

D3925, D6133

ASTM D6886

Speciation of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Low VOC

Content Waterborne Air-Dry Coatings by Gas Chromatography.

Determination of the weight percent of individual VOCs in low

VOC content waterborne latex air-dry coatings.

Direct Injetion
exempt compound
Capillary GC/FID exempt solvent
SPME is optional F-VOC, VOC Content

Below 5% VOC by
weight, but has been
tested at higher %.

SPME (CW/DVB),
Percent by Weight
95% DMS, 5% Phenyl,
(wt.%)
40oC to 250oC + Conf.

D1475, D2369,
D3792, D3925,
D3960, D4017,
D6133, D6438

VOC Content in other Coatings, Inks and Other Materials

ASTM D5095

Test Method for Determination of the Nonvolatile Content in Silanes,

Siloxanes and Silane-Siloxane Blends Used in Masonry Water-Repellant
Treatments

Determination of the nonvolatile content of silanes, siloxanes,

and brended silane-siloxane materials used in masonry water
repelent treatments.

Gravimetric

nonvolatile matter
nonvolatile content
volatile content

ASTM D5403

Tested at 14% to 65%

110oC +/- 5oC for 60 Percent by Weight
nonvoalatile content by
minutes, with catalyst.
(wt.%)
weight.

Test Methods for Volatile Content of Radiation Curable Materials

Determination of weight percent volatile content of coatings, inks

and adhesives sesigned to be cured by exposure to ultraviolet
light or to a beam of accelerated electrons.

Gravimetric

processing volatiles
potenital volatiles
total volatiles

Test Method A <= 3%

Test Method B > 3%

ASTM D6419

Test Method for Volatile Content of Non-Heatset Web Offset Printing Inks

Determination of weight percent volatile content of sheet-fed and

coldset web offset pinting inks.

Gravimetric

VOC

Tested at 3% to 39%
by weight.

ASTM D5087

Test Method for Determining amount of Volatile Organic Compound

released from Solvent-borne Automotive Coatings and Available for
Removal in a VOC Control Device (Abatement)

Simulates the loss of VOC from a freshly coated surface by using

Gravimetric minus
the difference in weight of a coated test panel before and after
VOC
Water
baking.

Not-Specified

Process Conditions

lbs VOC/gallon or
D5066, D1005,
grams VOC/Litre
D1186, D1400,
of applied
D2369, D6266, B499,
solids
E145, EPA 24

ASTM D6266

Test Method for Determining amount of Volatile Organic Compound

released from Water-borne Automotive Coatings and Available for
Removal in a VOC Control Device (Abatement)

Simulates the loss of VOC from a freshly coated surface by using

Gravimetric minus VOC
the difference in weight of a caoted test panel before and after
Water and VOC VOC Content
baking, and by the analysis of VOC or water content.

Not-Specified

Process Conditions

lbs VOC/gallon or
D5066, D1005,
grams VOC/Litre
D1186, D1400,
of applied
D2369, D5087, B499,
solids
E145, EPA 24

110oC +/- 5oC for 60

minutes, with cure.

Percent by Weight
(wt.%)

ASTM D3980

D2369, E145

110oC +/- 1oC for 60 Percent by Weight

D2369, E145, EPA24
minutes, 0.3 g sample.
(wt.%)

VOC for Abatement

Definitions
Exempt Compo Organic compound that does not participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions.
Exempt SolventOrganic compounds that do not participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions.
F-VOC
Formula VOC, formulation data calculated volatile organic cmpound in g/(L-water).
in-can VOC
Volatile organic compounds present in water-based emulsion paints.
Nonvolatile MateThe solid material remaining after volatiles have been removed from a coating under specified test conditions.
The state of a product when it is mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions in the correct proportions
Ready for use
and thinned if required using the correct thinners so that it is ready for application of the approved method.
Loss in specimen weight under test conditions that are designed to simulate actual industrial cure processing
Processing Vola
conditions.
Potential Volati Loss in specimen weight upon heating at 110oC for 60 min after radiation curing.
Total Volatiles Sum of the processing volatiles and the potential volatiles.
VOA
Amount of volatile organic compounds in g/L of coating including water and exempt solvents.
VOC (ASTM)
Volatile Organic Compound, any organic compound that participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions.
Volatile Organic Compound, fundamentally, any organic liquid and/or solid that evaporates spontaneously at the
VOC (ISO)
prevailing temperature and pressure of the atmosphere with which it is in contact.
VOC Content ( Volatile organic compound content, the mass of VOC released from a coating under specific test conditions.
VOC Content (I The mass of volatile organic compounds present in a coating material as determined under specific conditions.
Volume NonvolaThe volume percent nonvolatile content.
X-VOC
Experimental VOC, experimental volatile organic compound in g/(L-water).

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