Gfk1413C - CIMPLICITY HMI Statistical Process Control Operation Manual

GE Fanuc Automation
CIMPLICITY Monitoring and Control Products
CIMPLICITY HMI
Statistical Process Control
Operation Manual
GFK-1413C
November 1998
GFL-002
Warning notices are used in this publication to emphasize that hazardous voltages, currents, temperatures, or other
conditions that could cause personal injury exist in the equipment or may be associated with its use.
In situations where inattention could cause either personal injury or damage to equipment, a Warning notice is used.
Caution notices are used where equipment might be damaged if care is not taken.
Note
Notes merely call attention to information that is especially significant to understanding and operating the equipment.
This document is based on information available at the time of publication. While efforts have been made to be accurate,
the information contained herein does not purport to cover all details or variations in hardware or software, not to provide
for every possible contingency in connection with installation, operation, or maintenance. Features may be described
herein which are not present in all hardware and software systems. GE Fanuc Automation assumes no obligation of
notice to holders of this document with respect to changes subsequently made.
GE Fanuc Automation makes no representation of warranty, expressed, implied, or statutory with respect to, and assumes
no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, sufficiency, or usefulness of the information contained herein. No
warranties of merchantability or fitness for purpose shall apply.
CIMPLICITY is a registered trademark of GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc.

Windows NT and Windows 95 are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation
This manual was produced using Doc-To-Help, by WexTech Systems, Inc.
Copyright 1997-1998 GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc.

All rights reserved
Preface
Content of this Manual

This manual is composed of the sections described below.
Chapter 1. Introduction: Describes the SPC features.
Chapter 2. SPC Overview: Defines SPC terms, shows you what the charts look
like and describes the SPC functionality.
Chapter 3. Creating the SPC Data Source: Shows you want you need to do to
create an SPC data source.
Chapter 4. Configuring SPC Data: Discusses the SPC Configuration function
features
Chapter 5. Configuring SPC Charts: Describes the options you can use when
creating SPC ActiveX controls.
Chapter 6. Using SPC Charts: Describes the run-time options for SPC ActiveX
controls.
Appendix A. Table of Constants for Control Charts
Appendix B. X-Individual Chart Calculations
Appendix C. XBar-R Chart Calculations
Appendix D. XBar-S Chart Calculations
Appendix E. Histogram Calculations
Appendix F. Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts
GFK-1413
iii
Related Publications
For more information about CIMPLICITY HMI software, refer to these publications:
CIMPLICITY HMI for Windows NT and Windows 95 Base System Users Manual
(GFK-1180)
CIMPLICITY HMI for Windows NT and Windows 95 CimEdit Operation Manual
(GFK-1396)
iv
CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual
GFK-1413
Contents
Introduction
1-1
About the CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Option ........................................................................... 1-1

Upgrading Old SPC Charts .................................................................................................... 1-3
Quick Start - Configuring the SPC Option ............................................................................. 1-3
SPC Overview
2-1
SPC Analysis.......................................................................................................................... 2-1

Suggested Readings ................................................................................................. 2-1
SPC Operation Overview ....................................................................................................... 2- 2
SPC Chart types ..................................................................................................................... 2-3
Quality Data Charts.................................................................................................. 2-3
Pareto Charts............................................................................................................ 2-5
Reports..................................................................................................................... 2-6
Creating the SPC Data Source
3-1
Creating the SPC Data Source................................................................................................ 3-1
Configuring SPC Data
4-1
Introduction............................................................................................................................ 4-1
Overview of Data Configuration Steps................................................................................... 4-2
SPC Document ....................................................................................................................... 4-3
Opening a New Document ....................................................................................... 4-3
Defining Document Properties................................................................................. 4-4
Products.................................................................................................................................. 4-6
Adding a New Product............................................................................................. 4-6
Defining Product Properties..................................................................................... 4-6
Variable Quality Characteristics............................................................................................. 4-8
Adding a New Variable Quality Characteristic........................................................ 4-9
Specifying a Variables General Characteristics....................................................... 4-9
Defining a Variables Collection Characteristics.................................................... 4-12
Setting Limits for Variable Quality Characteristics ............................................... 4-16
Setting Alarms for Variable Quality Characteristics .............................................. 4-22
Defect Folders ................................................................................................................. ..... 4-33
Adding a New Defect Group.................................................................................. 4-33
Defining Defect Folder Properties ......................................................................... 4-33
Defect Quality Characteristics.............................................................................................. 4-35
Adding a New Defect Category ............................................................................. 4-35
Specifying a Defect Categorys General Characteristics ........................................ 4-36
Defining Defect Category Collection Properties.................................................... 4-36
SPC Administration Alarms ................................................................................................. 4-39
Document Tools ................................................................................................................... 4-40
Document Tree ...................................................................................................... 4-40
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Changing Display Attributes .................................................................................. 4-42

Finding a Product/Quality Characteristic ............................................................... 4-43
Configuring SPC Charts
5-1
Getting Started........................................................................................................................ 5-1

Creating an SPC Chart in CimEdit ......................................................................................... 5-1
Configuring SPC Chart Properties ......................................................................................... 5-2
General Properties.................................................................................................... 5-3
Chart Properties ....................................................................................................... 5-4
Lines......................................................................................................................... 5-5
Axis .......................................................................................................................... 5-6
Bar Chart.................................................................................................................. 5-7
Report....................................................................................................................... 5-8
Creating an SPC Chart in a Web Page ................................................................................... 5-9
Changing the Date/Time Format on Charts ............................................................................ 5-9
ActiveX Methods and Properties............................................................................................ 5-9
ActiveX Properties:................................................................................................ 5-10
Using SPC Charts
6-1
Run-time Functions ................................................................................................................ 6-1

Displaying Test Results .......................................................................................................... 6-2
Manual Data Entry ................................................................................................................. 6-3
Variable QC Data..................................................................................................... 6-3
Defect QC Data........................................................................................................ 6-4
Appendix A - Tables of Constants for Control Charts
A-1
XBar and R Chart Factors for Control Limits ....................................................................... A-1

XBar and S Chart Factors for Control Limits........................................................................ A-2
Error! Cannot open file referenced on page i

Appendix C - XBar-R Chart Calculations
C-1
XBar-R Chart Calculations.....................................................................................................C-1

XBar-R Chart Center Line .......................................................................................C-1
XBar-R Chart Control Limits...................................................................................C-1
R Chart Center Line .................................................................................................C-2
R Chart Control Limits.............................................................................................C-2
Appendix D - XBar-S Chart Calculations
D-1
XBar-S Chart Calculations .................................................................................................... D-1

XBar-S Chart Center Line....................................................................................... D-1
XBar-S Chart Control Limits .................................................................................. D-1
S Chart Center Line................................................................................................. D-2
S Chart Control Limits ............................................................................................ D-2
Appendix D - XBar-S Chart Calculations
D-1
XBar-S Chart Calculations .................................................................................................... D-1

XBar-S Chart Center Line....................................................................................... D-1
XBar-S Chart Control Limits .................................................................................. D-1
vi
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S Chart Center Line................................................................................................. D-2

S Chart Control Limits ............................................................................................ D-2
Appendix F Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts
F-1
Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts............................................................... F-1

Starting the Upgrade Procedure ............................................................................... F-1
Upgrade Procedure Details ...................................................................................... F-2
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Glossary of Terms
Index
Contents
vii
Introduction
About the CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Option

CIMPLICITY SPC for Windows 95/NT provides you with the tools you need to
implement and carry out a successful quality control program It does this by greatly
increasing your effectiveness in the four major phases of your quality control
program. CIMPLICITY SPC increases your effectiveness in:
MeasurementTo collect large amounts of accurate data.
AnalysisTo transform this data into meaningful information.
ImprovementTo use your information to change your process and

increase quality.
ControlTo monitor your process continually and react to new

information as it appears to maintain quality levels.
SPC provides the industry standard set of statistical tools which allow you to analyze
the data and transform it to useful information. Round the clock, CIMPLICITY HMI
with the SPC option can be collecting, analyzing, and through alarms, warning you of
potential quality problems. This frees you up to concentrate on the improvement
phase of your quality program. CIMPLICITY HMI and SPC are also critical during
the control phase, allowing you to monitor the changes you've made and verifying the
results.
The CIMPLICITY HMI SPC option provides you with the tools you need to perform
SPC analysis on your process data. These tools include the following types of charts
and printed reports:
XBar R
XBar S
X Individual
Histogram
Pareto
Based on Microsoft's design standards, CIMPLICITY SPC charts are designed as

OCX control objects, which means a screen designer can easily add them to
CimView screens.
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1-1
CIMPLICITY HMI SPC also provides centralized configuration. This allows you to
configure and maintain all the various quality characteristics and specification limits
for your process in a centralized location even though your charts may be spread
across several different screens on you HMI system.
CIMPLICITY HMI SPC also provides you with the ability to identify the variables,
their control limits, and defects that you monitor as CIMPLICITY Points.
CIMPLICITY SPC analysis occurs continuously as new data is collected for XBar
R, XBar S and X Individual charts, the collected data is processed and checked
against the industry standard Western Electric rules.
Major features of the CIMPLICITY SPC option include:
1-2
Live data viewing from ActiveX containers such as CimView screens

and Internet Explorer.
Easy scalability from a simple workstation to Client-Server

configurations.
Generation of CIMPLICITY HMI alarms for out-of-control conditions.

This means in addition to displaying out-of-control conditions on SPC
charts, you can display alarms for them in the Alarm Viewer, log them
to an Alarm Log Printer, and log them via the Database Logger.
Centralized configuration that alleviates the need to individually

configure for each chart, the quality characteristics to be analyzed.
Xbar-R, X-Individual, Xbar-S, and Histogram charts for variable

quality characteristics and Pareto charts for defect analysis.
Tabular reports that let you view numeric data in table format.
High quality printing directly from the SPC ActiveX control.
Both logged and run-time point data collection.
Access to changing values for sample sizes, control limits and auto
recalculation during runtime.
Manual data entry through a dialog in the SPC ActiveX control.
Calculated data stored in a database via ODBC that lets you use
standard database tools for such things as exporting data, reporting and
maintenance.
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The SPC option consists of the following three components:
SPC Data Collector. This process runs as a background process and

collects data, performs analysis, alarms out-of-control conditions and
writes calculated data to the database based on your configuration
information.
SPC Configuration. This user interface lets you configure the quality
characteristics you want to analyze.
SPC ActiveX Control. This ActiveX control can be embedded in an

ActiveX container such as a CimEdit/CimView screen or Internet
Explorer. It lets users view the data analyzed by the SPC Data
Collector through several charts and reports. Users can also use this
control to perform such functions as manual data entry and printing.
Users can display charts on any computer where you have installed
CIMPLICITY HMI SPC software and set up an ODBC data source.
Upgrading Old SPC Charts

You need to upgrade your existing SPC charts if they meet one of these conditions:
The charts were created prior to CIMPLICITY HMI v3.1
The charts were created using CIMPLICITY HMI v3.1, but you did not
purchase and install the Enhanced SPC software (IC646NSP000A)
prior to making them.
If you attempt to display a screen containing one of these charts, you will see a
message indicating that the charts on the screen must be upgraded.
For information on upgrading old charts, please see Upgrading Quality Charts to
Enhanced SPC Charts in Appendix F.
Quick Start - Configuring the SPC Option

Before you start, make sure the CIMPLICITY HMI for Windows NT and Windows
95 Base System and SPC option are installed on all computers where you want to
collect or view SPC data.
To use SPC, you need to:
1.
Configure an ODBC data source.

On Intel computers, this is optional. A default Microsoft Access
database called CIMPLICITY SPC is automatically created when you
install SPC. SPC uses this data source by default. You only need to
change or reconfigure this if you want to use a data source other than
Microsoft Access.
On DEC Alpha computers, you must create an ODBC data source.
GFK-1413
Introduction
1-3
2.
Configure SPC data collection.

A. In your projects Configuration Cabinet, open the Project
Properties dialog box and select the Database Logger and SPC
options.
B. Double-click on the SPC Configuration icon and configure an SPC
document.
C. Start your project.
SPC data collection automatically starts when the project starts.
3.
Configure one or more SPC charts.

A. Insert the CIMPLICITY SPC Control in an ActiveX container such
as a CimEdit screen or Internet Explorer.
B. Edit the chart properties.
On the General page:
Browse for and select the SPC document you want to use.
Select the product whose data you want to display.
Select the Variable Quality Characteristic or Defect Folder.
Select the chart type for the display.
Choose the chart duration.
On the Chart page:
Select the type of chart you want to display.
If you selected Show most recent values on the General
page, enter the update interval you want.
Other chart properties are pre-configured for your convenience.
You may use these default properties or tailor them to your
application.
1-4
GFK-1413
SPC Overview
SPC Analysis
SPC uses statistical methods to determine whether processes are within required
limits. While CIMPLICITY HMI softwares normal alarm functions detect when
individual points actually exceed limits, SPC analysis can provide early warning by
detecting undesirable systematic variations in your process. This can help you
pinpoint process, machine, operator, or material problems so that actions can be
taken to diagnose and resolve the problem.
CIMPLICITY SPC uses an SPC ActiveX control that supports:
XBar-R, XBar-S, X-Individual and Histogram charts for analyzing

variable data.
Pareto charts for analyzing defect data.
The data is retrieved from ODBC logging, analyzed according to the standard SPC
calculations for the chart, and the results are displayed graphically. This ActiveX
control can be used in CimEdit/CimView screens or other applications, such as
Internet Explorer, that support ActiveX controls.
The SPC charts display values between -8 sigma (-8 ) and +8 sigma (+8 ). Data
outside of this range is not displayed, but it is still used in the chart calculations.
Suggested Readings
This manual shows you how to use the SPC option available for CIMPLICITY HMI
software. If you want more in-depth information about SPC, please consult one of
the many SPC publications that are currently available.
Some suggested publications are:
Easy as SPC, Perry Johnson, Inc., 1986
Statistical Quality Control Handbook, Western Electric Co., Inc., 1959
Quality Control and Industrial Statistics, Charbonneau and Webster, 1978
Introdution to Statistical Quality Control, Montgomery, 1985
Statistical Process Control, Chrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company and
General Motors Corporation, 1995
Some professional groups that publish manuals and booklets about SPC are:
American National Standards Institute
American Society for Quality Control
American Society for Testing and Materials
GFK-1413
2-1
SPC Operation Overview

The following picture shows you the interactions between the various CIMPLICITY
HMI functions that make up the CIMPLICITY SPC option.
SPC Configuration tells the Data Collector how and from where to collect the data.
The Data Collector gathers CIMPLICITY point, ODBC and manual entry data,
performs its required calculations and stores the results in the SPC ODBC data
source.
The SPC ActiveX control displays the data from the SPC ODBC data source. It can
also send manual entry data back to the Data Collector for processing.
2-2
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SPC Chart types

You can use the SPC ActiveX control to display charts for quality data or defect data.
You can also display data in a report format.
Quality Data Charts

The SPC ActiveX Control can display the following types of charts for quality data:
X-Individual chart
XBar-R chart
XBar-S chart
Histogram
In general, a control chart consists of a center line corresponding to the average value
at which the quality characteristic should perform, and lines corresponding to the
upper and lower control limits for the characteristic. The upper and lower control
limits are also referred to as the upper and lower three-sigma control limits.
X-Individual Chart
The X-Individual chart is sometimes called a pre-control chart. This type of chart is
used to determine the stability of the center of the process. The control limits are
calculated by determining the standard deviation of the sample population. The
formulas for calculating the standard deviation and control limits are detailed in
Appendix B.
The SPC ActiveX control for an X-Individual chart looks similar to this:
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SPC Overview
2-3
XBar-R Chart
The XBar-R chart displays two charts, one for the Xbar values and the other for the
Range values. The formulas for calculating the center lines and control limits for the
XBar-R control chart are detailed in Appendix C.
The SPC ActiveX control for an XBar-R chart looks similar to this:
XBar-S Chart
The XBar-S chart displays two charts, one for the XBar values and the other for the
Sigma values. The formulas for calculating the center lines and control limits for the
XBar-S control chart are detailed in Appendix D.
The SPC ActiveX control for an XBar-S chart looks similar to this:
2-4
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Histogram
The Histogram shows you the distribution, the central tendancy and the scatter or
variability of the sample data, and calculates process capability. The formulas for
calculating process capability from the Histogram chart are detailed in Appendix E.
The SPC ActiveX control for a Histogram looks similar to this:
Pareto Charts
The SPC ActiveX control displays the following Pareto chart for defect data:
The Pareto chart displays the data for the defect categories and quantities you define
for a defect folder.
An example of such a chart is:
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SPC Overview
2-5
Reports
You can display and print data from the SPC ActiveX control for each type of SPC
chart. The report looks similar to this:
2-6
GFK-1413

On Intel computers, SPC automatically creates a default Microsoft Access data
source for you called CIMPLICITY SPC. New SPC documents will use this data
source by default. You may wish to create your own data source using another
database such as SQL Server or Oracle if you want better performance or if you want
to share the same data source across a network.
On DEC Alpha computers, because Microsoft Access is not supported, you must
create the data source for SPC. You can use SQL Server or Oracle data sources.
All the SPC documents in a CIMPLICITY HMI project must log their data to the
same SPC data source. You can share an SPC data source between projects, or you
can create a data source for each project.
See the Managing Database Logging chapter of the CIMPLICITY HMI for Windows
NT and Windows 95 Users Manual (GFK-1180) for detailed instructions on creating
custom data sources for Microsoft Access, SQL Server and Oracle.
The SPC data source must be a System data source.
GFK-1413
3-1
Introduction
Important: The SPC Data Collector logs its raw and calculated data to an ODBC data
source. Before you start configuring SPC for a project, make sure that the CIMPLICITY
Database Logger is installed and configured for the project.
You, the applications engineer, can choose from several SPC collection options, including
using points, to track the quality of variables and frequency of defects. You can also
implement several types of control tests, the results of which can be displayed on XBar-R or
XBar-S chart sets.
Therefore, your decision making will benefit if you begin configuration by considering factors
that will be affected by and included in your SPC application or applications. These factors
include:
1.
Who will use the SPC application.

You can configure an SPC application for users who:
GFK-1413
Have SPC on a server and to whom you give

configuration ability.
Will have a runtime version, for which they can make

runtime choices.
2.
What products SPC needs to track.
3.
What variables (for example, Widget_Length) need to be

monitored for quality.
It is a good idea to begin with a few of the most critical
variables, in order to keep data management under control.
One way you can be overwhelmed by information is to select
too many variables to begin with. Another way is to collect
data too frequently.
4.
What defects for each product (for example, colortoo light)

need to be tracked.
4-1
Overview of Data Configuration Steps

Steps to configure the data for an SPC application include adding and configuring:
1.
An SPC document.
This document will contain all the products, along with their
variables and defects, that you want to group together.
The document has properties that you specify. For example
you will specify the ODBC data source where you want to
store the calculated data from the SPC Data Collector. That is
where SPC will store information for every product in the
document.
2.
Products that belong in the document.

Each product will have overview information that you specify,
such as a name and description.
3.
Variables you want to measure for each product.

At this point you provide SPC with all the information it needs
for the variables, including:
4.
4-2
a.
Description (for example, Widget_Length)
b.
Collection characteristics
c.
Limits
d.
Alarms
e.
Calculation Type
SPC generates a histogram for any variable you add. In
addition you will choose between an:
XBar-R chart set to view the range between the highest and lowest
point in a sample.
This range is relatively efficient for small subgroup sample sizes
(especially below 9). Although it provides you with a spread, it does not
give you a clear indication of where the points fall relative to your
control limits.
XBar-S chart sets to review the average of the standard deviations.

This is a more efficient indicator of process variability, especially with
larger sample sizes. However, it is less sensitive in detecting special
causes of variation that cause only a single value in a subgroup to be
unusual.
From "Statistical Process Control, Chrysler Corporation, Ford Motor

Company and General Motors Corporation, 1995
Defects that need to be tracked.
GFK-1413
At this point you provide SPC with all the information it

needs, including:
Defect Description
Scope (for example, if you want to use the same data

source for multiple defects)
Collection characteristics
There is one type of measurement for defects. SPC generates Pareto charts.
Of course, you can add, remove or change anything, whenever you want.
Note: If you already know the control limits for a process, simply enter them. If you do not,
for example because the process is new, use SPC auto recalculation to calculate the limits.
When you are comfortable with the calculated limits, enter the calculated limits and turn SPC
auto recalculation off.
SPC Document
Software configuration for SPC begins with opening and configuring an SPC document. You
add one or more products to this document. When the document is active, every product in it
will be tracked, unless you deactivate tracking for one or more of the products at the product
level. See "Defining Product Properties".
Opening a New Document

To open an SPC document:
Click on the SPC Configuration icon.
The first time you click the SPC Configuration icon, you will open to a new document. The
SPC document appears with one folder, Products, in the left pane. You place all your
products and their accompanying variables and defects in the Products folder.
You can build more than one document in a project.
To create additional new documents:
1.
Click File.
2.
Click New.
3.
Click SPC Configuration Document.
Each new document begins with the following window.
GFK-1413
4-3
Important: If you are defining more than one SPC document in a project, use the same data
source for all.
As you build your configuration, you add a hierarchy of subfolders to Products, as
follows:
1.
Under Products, a Product subfolder for each product

included in the document.
2.
Under each Product subfolder, a:
Variable item for each variable that will be tracked for

that product and displayed on an XBar-R or XBar-S chart.
Defect folder for each group of defects that will be

tracked for a product and displayed on one Pareto chart.
Under each Defect folder, all the defect categories that
will be displayed as a bar on the groups Pareto chart.
Defining Document Properties

Because the document is the primary container for your quality control information, you can
set its properties to:
1.
Activate or de-activate collecting data for every included

product, all at once.
2.
Specify basic information parameters including the:
3.
Logged update interval in seconds.
ODBC data source.
Limit user access.
Enter information in the Document Properties dialog box.
4-4
GFK-1413
To open the Document Properties dialog box:

1.
Select the document.
2.
Select File on the menu bar.
3.
Select Properties.
Active
Select to activate data collection for the document.

Remember that the Database Logger must be configured
for the project for the SPC Data Collector to work.
Log Update Interval in Seconds

Enter to define the frequency raw data is retrieved from
the database when using logged data as input.
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ODBC Data Source
If your data source is different from SPCs default, select

it. SPC creates and uses a default data source called
CIMPLICITY SPC (Intel platforms only). This default
data source is an Access (*.mdb) file called SPC.mdb. It
is created into the ARC subdirectory of where you
installed CIMPLICITY (Usually
C:\CIMPLICITY\HMI\ARC).
Database User
Enter a name for the SPC Data Collector to use when

logging into the ODBC data source.
Password
Enter the password that the SPC Data Collector will use
when logging in to the ODBC data source.
4-5
Products
After you define the basic parameters for your document, you can add the products that will be
included in the group. To do this, create a folder for each product. The Product folder will be
a sub-folder to the Products folder.
Adding a New Product

Add a new product to SPC by creating a new product folder.
To create a Product folder:
Method 1
1.
2.
Select New.
3.
Select Product.
Method 2
1.
Select the Products folder.
2.
Click the right mouse button
3.
Select New Product from the pop-up menu.
The Product Properties dialog box opens when you use either method.
Defining Product Properties

The Product Properties dialog box is where you identify each product that you add to the
document, by giving it a:
Name
Description
Resource ID
You can also activate or de-activate data collection for this product.
Once the product is set up, you add its variables and potential defects that will be tracked.
4-6
GFK-1413
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Product name
Enter the name of the Product folder in the field.
Description
Entering a description is optional.
Resource ID
Select the Resource ID to be used by alarms generated for

this product.
Active
Select to activate data collection for the product. The

Document must also be active for collection.
4-7
Variable Quality Characteristics

After you have created and defined each product, define the variables to be tracked for each
product.
SPC uses information that you enter in the Variable Quality Control Characteristics dialog
box to configure in detail a Histogram and either an XBar-R or XBar-S chart set.
Use the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box to create and define each
variables:
General characteristicsincluding the name of the

characteristic; whether or not data is to be collected for the
characteristic; whether you want to use an XBar-S or XBar-R
chart set; the subgroup size and gap size.
Collection characteristicsdescribing how the data will be

collected.
Limitsincluding the control limits and specification limits.
Alarmsincluding the alarm checking and control tests that

can be performed on the data.
If you enter specific values during configuration and SPC detects an inconsistency, it will
display an error message and will not let you save the configuration until you fix it.
Example
You select Values to enter a variables control limits and enter 25 for an Upper Control
Limit, 50 for a Lower Control Limit. SPC will display an error message telling you that, "The
upper control limit must be greater than the center line and the center line must be greater than
the lower control limit".
Note: If you use points for general characteristics on limits, rather than specific values, SPC
will alert the user when the values become specific at runtime. If SPC detects configuration
inconsistencies, it will display an $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM in the Alarm Viewer. See "SPC
Administration Alarms".
4-8
GFK-1413
Adding a New Variable Quality Characteristic

To add a Variable Quality Characteristic, do one of the following:
Method 1
1.
2.
Select New.
3.
Select Variable Quality Characteristic.
Method 2
1.
Select the Product in the Products folder
2.
Click the right mouse button.
3.
Select New Variable Quality Characteristic from the popup menu.
The Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box opens at the General tab when
you use either method.
Note: When you create a new characteristic, SPC calls it VAR, in the document tree. If there
is more than one variable that you have not named, SPC identifies each with a number, in the
order in which they were created. For example the second variable will be VAR(2). The
document tree also contains a description that you will enter in the General tab. Therefore, all
you have to do is rename it, at any time.
Specifying a Variables General Characteristics

Begin configuring a new variable by defining its general characteristics in the General tab of
the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box. This is where you enter:
GFK-1413
1.
A description of the variable.
2.
Whether it will have an XBar_R or XBar-S chart set.
3.
Sampling parameters including:
Whether the sample parameters will be based on points or

specific values
Subgroup sample size
Gap size
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4-10
Active
Select to activate data collection for the variable. The

Document and Product must also be active for collection.
Description
Describe the variable. This description will be included in

the documents tree.
Calculation Type
Choose between XBar-R or XBar-S chart sets.
Setpoint ID
If you want to use the current XBar and R or S value

elsewhere in your project, or download them to a device,
enter the name of a floating-point array point of two (2)
elements. The array contains numbers for XBar and range
or XBar and standard deviation.
Values / Points
Select either Values or Points to specify sampling

parameters
Subgroup size
Enter the subgroup sample size.
Gap size
Enter the number of units SPC will skip before the next
sample is taken.
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Using Points to Specify Sampling Parameters

When you use points to specify sampling parameters, the fields in the lower half of the
General tab in the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box reflect your
decision.
When you use points, their values can be changed at runtime.
Subgroup size
Select a point, for example Widget_Length Sample Size,

to dictate the sample size. When you use this option, the
sample size can be changed at runtime.
Gap size
Select a point, for example, Widget_Length_Gap_Size, to

dictate how many units will be skipped before the next
sample is taken.
Using Values to Specify Sampling Parameters

When you use values to specify sampling parameters, the fields in the lower half of the
General tab in the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box reflect your
decision.
Subgroup size
Enter a specific value for the sample size.
Gap size
Enter a specific value for how many units will be skipped before the next sample is
taken.
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Defining a Variables Collection Characteristics

Once youve described the variables general characteristics, define SPCs collection method
and the source of the variables data.
Collection methods include:
None
Automatic, either:
Based on a specified point
Logged
In addition, specify whether or not manual entry will be allowed. Manual entry can be allowed
for any type of data collection you choose. SPC automatically includes manual entry when you
choose None.
When you use a point to collect information, you can also use:
The same data source for multiple variables (Match

Point)
A batch process (Batch Point ID)
To define these collection characteristics, use the Collection tab in the Variable Quality
Characteristics Properties dialog box.
Point Collection for a Variable

When you select Point collection in the Collection tab of the Variable Quality
Characteristics Properties dialog box, its fields change to reflect that choice. You can also
specify the scope of that collection.
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Point ID
Identify the Point ID (data source) from which the SPC

Data Collector retrieves data. The Point ID cannot have a
Text type.
Start element
If you use an array, enter the number where in the array

SPC should begin collecting values. If you do not use an
array, leave this field 0.
End element
If you use an array, enter the number where in the array

SPC should end collecting values. If you do not use an
EU conversion
Select if the SPC Data Collector should use the EU

value(s) for the point.
Clear if the SPC Data Collector should use the raw
Match Point ID
Enter a Match Point ID (which has to be a numeric point)

if you want to use the same data source, which is
identified by the Point ID, for multiple variables.
Match value
Enter the value to be matched against the Match Point ID

to determine whether the collected data applies to this
specific variable quality characteristic.
For example, the collected Point ID (data source) may be
used to measure a variable (for example, length) for
several products (Product 1, Product 2, Product 3). You
can enter a Match Point ID value of 1 to measure length
for Product 1, and 2 to measure length for Product 2.
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Batch Point ID
If the process is a batch process, enter a text point in this

field that will let you distinguish between different batches
for the same Product Quality Characteristic. The value of
the Batch Point is associated with the calculated data and
can be used as search criteria for charts and reports.
Manual entry allowed
Select if you want users to be able to enter data manually

from the SPC chart at run-time.
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Logged Collection for a Variable

If you select Logged, SPC retrieves data from an ODBC database table that has already been
filled by CIMPLICITY HMI.
Note: SPC logs all of its data. Therefore, the Logged option is not necessary for saving
data. It refers to using an additional data source for input. The Point collection method is
more efficient.
When you select Logged collection in the Collection tab of the Variable Quality
Characteristics Properties dialog box, its fields change to reflect that choice.
ODBC data source
Enter the name of the database from which SPC will

retrieve information.
Database user
Enter a name for the database user to use when logging

into the ODBC data source.
Password
Enter the password that the database user will use when
logging in to the ODBC data source.
Table ID
Enter the table where the data is located.
Column ID
Enter the name of the column where the data is located.

Point options in the lower half are unavailable.
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No Collection for a Variable

When you select None the only option available is Manual entry allowed.
When you select None, in the Collection tab of the Variable Quality Characteristics
Properties dialog box, the fields change to reflect that choice.
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Is automatically selected.
4-15
Setting Limits for Variable Quality Characteristics

Once you have defined the variables general characteristics and collection methods, you are
ready to set the limits for your XBar-R or XBar-S chart sets in the Limits tab of the Variable
Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box. Limits include:
Control
Specification
If you enter specific values during configuration and SPC detects an inconsistency, it will
display an error message and will not let you save the configuration until you fix it. For
example, you select Values to enter a variables control limits and enter 25 for an Upper
Control Limit, 50 for a Lower Control Limit. SPC will display an error message telling you
that, "The upper control limit must be greater than the center line and the center line must be
greater than the lower control limit".
If you use Points for general characteristics on limits, rather than specific values, SPC will
alert the user when the values become specific at runtime. If SPC detects configuration
inconsistencies, it will display an $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM in the Alarm Viewer. See "SPC
Administration Alarms".
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Control Limits for a Variable

There are two ways to specify values for control limits:
Auto recalculation
Entering values
When you enter values, you can enter them as:
(Specific) values
Points
Auto Recalculation for Control Limits

One of the many advantages SPC offers is its ability to automatically calculate the control
limits for a process, if you do not already know them. If one of the auto recalculation options
is active when you specify points, the control limits that SPC tracks will change as the point
values change.
SPC offers two options to automatically recalculate control limits:
Auto recalculation, is selected instead of Values or

Points. Once the control limits are automatically calculated,
select either Values or Points for the life of the process.
Force Auto Recalc can be used in addition Values or

Points. This option provides the flexibility to reset control
limits during runtime. As a result, when you send an
application to production, a user can have SPC recalculate the
control limits for the specific process so they are accurate for
that process. Once the control limits are automatically
calculated, the user should turn off Force Auto Relcalc.
See "Definitions for Auto Recalculation Options".
Important: The Quality Control rules you have always followed for Control Limits still
apply to both SPC automatic recalculation options. Calculate the limits for a specific process
once, when the process is new or, when the process is in optimum condition.
Once you determine that SPC has automatically collected enough data to calculate the correct
control limits, turn the automatic calculation option off. Use the calculated control limits for
the rest of the life of the process.
Remember that the control limits produced by auto recalculation are valid only when your
process is in control. If you calculate them while your process is going out of control then the
limits will be incorrect.
Selecting Auto recalculation on the Limits tab of the Variable Quality Characteristics
Properties dialog box enables SPC to automatically calculate specific control limit values or
point values.
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Force Auto Recalc

(Optional) Enter the name of a Boolean point that has been created to override point
or value control limits at runtime. You can then give the runtime user the ability to
turn Auto recalculation on and off.
If this point is on (set to TRUE) then the data collector process acts as if the Auto
recalculation option is selected.
If specific values or Point IDs have been set during configuration, SPC uses the
following priorities to override the settings:
ValuesSetting the Force Auto Recalc point to TRUE will cause SPC to
recalculate the XBar and R/S control limits. SPC will ignore the pre-set values.
Setting the Force Auto Recalc point back to FALSE will end recalculation.
However, the last recalculated values will continue to be used. SPC will continue to
ignore the values in the Limits dialog box until the data collector is restarted or
dynamically refreshed.
PointsSetting the Force Auto Recalc point to TRUE will cause SPC to
recalculate the XBar and R/S control limits. In addition, the data collector will set the
control limit points specified in this dialog box with the calculated values. If the
Force Auto Recalc point is set back to FALSE, SPC will continue to use the last
calculated values until the control points are updated.
Auto recalculationSetting the Force Auto Recalc point to TRUE will restart
auto recalculation, ignoring all previous values. Setting it to FALSE will stop auto
recalculation. The collector will continue to use the last calculated values.
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GFK-1413
All casesWhenever the Force Auto Recalc point is set to either FALSE or
TRUE, and regardless of its previous value, the data collector will drop the current
sample and start fresh.
Setting the point back to FALSE will stop recalculation of control limits, but SPC
will continue to use the last calculated values. However, if you are using points for
control limits, any future point changes will still be honored.
Setpoint ID
If you want to use the current control limit values elsewhere in your project or
download them to a device, enter the name of a floating point array point. This point
should contain six (6) elements for all values to be set.
The order of values in the Setpoint ID array point is:
XBar LCL, XBar CL, XBar UCL, R/S LCL, R/S CL, R/S UCL
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4-19
Control Limits for (Specific) Values

When you are ready to enter your control limits, if they are specific Values, the Limits
window provides you with fields to enter each limit for the XBar and R or S charts.
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XBar UCL, CL, LCL
Enter the values for the XBar charts Upper Control Limit,
Center Line and Lower Control Limit.
R/S UCL, CL, LCL
Enter the values for the R or S charts range or standard

deviation Upper Control Limit, Center Line and Lower
Control Limit.
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Points Control Limits

When you select Points, the Limits tab fields reflect your decision.
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XBar UCL, CL, LCL
Enter a different point for the Upper Control Limit, Center

Line and Lower Control Limit for that variable. The
values of these control limit points will be used on the
XBar chart.
R/S UCL, CL, LCL
Enter a different point in each field to represent the range

or standard deviations Upper Control Limit, Center Line
and Lower Control Limit for that variable. The values of
these control limit points will be used on the R or S chart .
Specification limits
SPC uses the Specification Limits that you set according

to your own criteria, for Histogram analysis. Set these
points (in the lower half of the Limits tab). This option is
available regardless of what control limits collection
method you choose.
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Lower
Enter the lower specification limit (LSL).
Upper
Enter the upper specification limit (USL)
Setting Alarms for Variable Quality Characteristics

SPC can track several different types of occurrences to warn you if a process is somewhat off,
even if production has not exceeded its control limits on a regular basis. As a result, you can
anticipate and deal with potential problems before they occur.
Use the Alarm tab in the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties box to specify the:
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Type of alarm that will be triggered.
Setpoint ID
Control test criteria that will initiate alarms or change

Setpoints.
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Alarms and Setpoints

When one of the control tests meets your criteria for issuing a warning It will give the type of
warning you configure, including:
An alarm that will be generated to alert users that criteria have

been met for one of the control tests.
If alarms are generated for more than one control test, they will
stack up and be deleted according to specifications you enter
in the CIMPLICITY HMI Alarm Configuration.
A Setpoint that will change to the number (1-8) of the XBar

test that is in an alarm state. Setpoints provide you with a way
to automate corrective action. You can write scripts that
trigger the appropriate action whenever the criteria have been
met for one of the control tests.
The value of the Setpoint reflects that last test for which an
alarm was triggered.
To specify an alarm and Setpoint, enter the information in the top half of the Alarm tab.
Alarm ID
You can select the $SPC_ALARM system SPC Alarm ID,

or you can create your own Alarm ID in the Alarm ID
field. If you create your own Alarm ID, be sure to use the
SPC_ALARM type.
The alarm message for SPC alarms consists of the
following strings:
Document Name
Product Name
Quality/Defect Characteristic Name
A description of the control check that triggered the
alarm
The value of the sample that triggered the alarm.
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Setpoint ID
Enter the CIMPLICITY HMI Point ID you want to use in

this field to generate a Setpoint when an SPC alarm
occurs.
Alarm Enabled
Select to activate alarm checking for the variable.
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Criteria for Control TestsOverview

SPC plots the averages of the samples you define on XBar charts in the XBar-R and XBar-S
chart sets.
It is the XBar charts that display in what zone these averages fall.
At run-time, each subgroup that meets one or more of the selected tests will be displayed with
a special character (the default is a red asterisk).
The zones used in these tests are:
Zone C is the area up to one standard deviation from the center

line.
Zone B is the area between one and two standard deviations

from the center line.
Zone A is the area between two and three standard deviations

from the center line.
Note: When you create a control chart, you can select samples for exclusion.
Pictorially, they look like this:
Zone
Std. dev
UCL
Center Line
LCL
Check each field in the lower half of the Alarms tab that represents a test you want to perform.
Tests are:
4-24
GFK-1413
Control Test 1
One subgroup beyond upper or lower limits
This test checks to see if any subgroups on the chart have a value greater than the upper
control limit or less than the lower control limit. Subgroups that meet the test criteria will be
marked with a red asterisk.
For example:
Control Test 2
N subgroups in a row on same side of center line
This test checks to see if N subgroups in a row are on the same side of the center line. The
Nth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be marked with a red
asterisk.
For example, if N=8:
GFK-1413
4-25
Control Test 3
decreasing
N consecutive subgroups in a row all increasing or
This test checks to see if N subgroups in a row are increasing in value or decreasing in value.
The Nth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be marked with a
red asterisk.
Control Test 4
N subgroups in a row, alternating up and down
This test checks to see if N subgroups in a row are alternately increasing in value then
decreasing in value. The Nth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteria
will be marked with a red asterisk.
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GFK-1413
Control Test 5
M out of N subgroups in a row in Zone A or beyond
(same side of center)
This test checks to see if M out of N subgroups in a row on the same side of the center line are
in Zone A or beyond. The Mth subgroup that meets the test will be marked with a red
asterisk.
For example, if M=2 and N=3:
Control Test 6
M out of N subgroups in a row in Zone B or beyond
(same side of center)
This test checks to see if M out of N subgroups in a row on the same side of the center line are
in Zone B or beyond. The Mth subgroup that meets the test criteria will be marked with a red
asterisk.
For example, if M=4 and N=5:
GFK-1413
4-27
Control Test 7
center
N subgroups in a row in Zone C, above or below
This test checks to see if N subgroups in a row lie in Zone C on either side of the center line.
The Nth subgroup and all the following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be marked
with a red asterisk.
Control Test 8
below center
N subgroups in a row beyond Zone C, above or
This test checks to see if N subgroups in a row lie beyond Zone C on either side of the center
line. The Nth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be marked
with a red asterisk.
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GFK-1413
SPC Control Test Exclusion Mode

A process must be in control when you determine the control limits for your process.
However, when you calculate the control limits there may be some variation due to special
causes, such as samples being taken when your machines are warming up. When there is this
kind of variation, SPC exclusion mode allows you to manually select samples for exclusion
from control limit calculation.
Important: When calculating control limits, variation must be due to common causes only.
Variation cannot be attributable to special causes or control limits are not valid.
The SPC exclusion process evolves as follows:
1.
During runtime, when an XBar-R or Xbar-S chart is

displaying, the operator selects Exclusion Mode. An X
appears at the top left of CimView, indicating that Exclusion
Mode is on.
2.
The operator easily selects the samples to exclude.
3.
SPC automatically performs a recalculation based on the

exclusions and updates the control limits displayed on the
chart.
Turning Exclusion Mode On and Off

SPC comes with two ways to toggle Exclusion Mode On/Off. Both ways are through
CimView when an SPC XBar-R or XBar-S chart is displaying.
To Toggle SPC Exclusion Mode On/Off:
Method 1: Right mouse button
1.
Right click your mouse button on an XBar-R or XBar-S chart

that is displaying an SPC CimView screen.
2.
A popup menu appears.
3.
Select Exclusion Mode.
Exclusion Mode
The menu item is checked when Exclusion Mode is on.
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4-29
Method 2: Chart property page of the SPC Control Properties property sheet.
1.
Double click the SPC chart to bring up the property sheet.
2.
Select the Chart tab.
3.
Check the Exclusion Mode check box.
Exclusion Mode
Application Engineering Note: By using the ExclusionMode property an

applications engineer can create different ways to let an operator toggle exclusion
mode on and off.
Excluding/Returning Samples in Control Chart Calculation

During runtime, when SPC is in Exclusion Mode, an operator can exclude one or more
samples from calculation. An operator can also re-include samples.
As soon as you toggle the exclusion state of a sample, SPC immediately recalculates the
control limits displayed on the chart.
The following symbols allow you to view exclusion status.
4-30
In the upper left-hand corner of the XBar-R or XBar-S control

chart Exclusion mode is on.
Representing a sampleSample is included in the calculation.
Representing a sampleSample is excluded from calculation.
GFK-1413
To exclude samples from a control chart when SPC is in Exclusion Mode:

Method 1
Click on a dot that represents the sample to toggle its exclusion state.
When excluded the dot will change to an X.
Method 2
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1.
Hold down your left mouse button at on corner of the group of

samples you want excluded. Drag the cursor over the samples
to be excluded. A box appears around the selected samples.
2.
Let go of the mouse button.
3.
Each dot that represented an included sample changes to an X,

representing an excluded sample. Similarly, excluded samples
toggle back to the included state.
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Example of Excluding Bad Data From SPC Charts
1b
1a
X
1a
Four samples (1a) are beyond

Zone A. The reason is explainable
1b
An X indicates that SPC is in

Exclusion Mode (1b).
To exlude the samples:
2a
Click each dot.

Each dot changes to an X
or
2b
Hold down the left mouse

button.
Draw a box around the
samples.
2b
2a
Four Xs (3) represent the

samples that are excluded from
calculation.
Application Engineering Note: The GetControlLimits() ActiveX method

provides access to the control limits displayed on the chart.
4-32
GFK-1413
Defect Folders
In addition to entering product variables information, enter information that SPC needs to
track a products defects. SPC displays each group of defects on a Pareto chart. To configure
defects:
Create a Defect folder that will end up as a Pareto chart.
Add the defect categories, each of which will be displayed as

one bar on the chart.
Adding a New Defect Group

Within a product, you can create one or more Defect folders for SPC Pareto chart analysis.
To create a Defect folder for a product, select the product and do one of the following:
Select New->Defect Folder from the File menu.
Click the right mouse button and select New Defect Folder
from the pop-up menu.
The Defect Folder Properties dialog box opens.
Defining Defect Folder Properties

The Defect Folder Properties dialog box is where you identify each group of Defect
Categories that will be included on one Pareto chart. Information you enter here applies to
every defect category in the group.
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Name
Enter the name of the Defect folder. The Name field is

limited to 10 characters.
Description
Entering a description is optional.
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Active
Select to activate data collection for the defect. The

Document and Product must also be active for collection.

Match Point ID
Enter a Match Point ID (which has to be a numeric point)

if you want to use the same data source, which is
identified by the Point ID, for multiple defects.
Match value
Enter the value to be matched against the Match Point ID

to determine whether the collected data applies to this
specific defect quality characteristic.
For example, the data source may be used to measure a
defect (for example, color) for several products (Product
1, Product 2, Product 3). You can enter a Match Point ID
value of 1 to measure color for Product 1, and 2 to
measure color for Product 2.
Batch Point ID
If the process is a batch process, you can enter a text point

in this field that lets you distinguish between different
batches for the same Product Quality Characteristic. The
value of the Batch Point is associated with the calculated
data and can be used as search criteria for charts and
reports.
Collection Method
Select the method to be used to collect the defect data.

The Collection tab will then reflect what you select here.
Point to retrieve data from CIMPLICITY point values.
Logged to retrieve data from one or more ODBC
database tables.
None if no data is to be collected by the SPC Data
Collector. In this case, the Manual entry allowed
check box is automatically selected.
All Defect Categories in this Defect folder will use the
collection method you select for the folder.
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GFK-1413
Defect Quality Characteristics

Once you have created a Defect folder, add the defect quality characteristics that will appear
together, by creating a defect category for each. Each Defect Category is represented by a bar
on the Pareto Chart.
Place each Defect Category that will appear on a Pareto Chart in that charts Defect Folder.
Adding a New Defect Category

To place a new Defect Category in a Defect folder, do one of the following:
Select the Defect folder, then select New->Defect Category

from the File menu.
Select the Defect folder in the Products folder, then click the
right mouse button and select New Defect Category from
the pop-up menu.
The Defect Category Properties dialog box opens at the General tab.
When you create a Defect Category, you need to configure the following properties:
GFK-1413
General characteristics. These include the name of the

characteristic, and an optional description
Collection characteristics which describe how the data will be

collected. The type of data collection used is determined by
the collection method you select for the Defect folder.
4-35
Specifying a Defect Categorys General Characteristics

Begin configuring a new defect category by defining its general characteristics in the General
tab of the Defect Properties dialog box. This is where you:
Assign it a code.
Describe it.
During your configuration and at runtime, if SPC detects configuration inconsistencies, it will
display an $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM in the Alarm Viewer. See "SPC Administration Alarms"
in this chapter.
Description
Enter a description of the defect.
Defining Defect Category Collection Properties

All Defect Categories in a Defect folder use the same collection method. Therefore, specify
the collection method in the Defect Folder Properties dialog box. The Collection tab
displayed for a Defect Category depends on what you selected for the Defect Folder.
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GFK-1413
Point Collection for a Defect Category

If you specified point collection in the Defect Folder, the Point ID input fields appear in the
Collection tab.
Point ID
Identify the point from which the SPC Data Collector

retrieves data. The Point ID cannot have a Text type.
Start element
If you use an array, enter the number where SPC should

begin collecting values in the array. If you do not use an
End element
If you use an array, enter the number SPC should end

collecting values where in the array. If you do not use an
EU conversion
Select if the SPC Data Collector should use the EU

Clear if the SPC Data Collector should use the raw
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4-37
Logged Collection for a Defect Category

If you specified Logged collection in the Defect Folder, the logged input fields appear in the
Collection tab.
ODBC Data Source
Enter the name of the database from which SPC will

retrieve information.
Database User
Enter a name for the database user to use when logging

into the ODBC data source.
Password
Enter the password that the database user will use when
logging in to the ODBC data source.
Table ID
Enter the table where the data is located.
Column ID
Enter the name of the column where the data is located.
No Collection for a Defect Category

If you specified no collection in the Defect Folder, the Collection tab in the Defect Properties
dialog box for the defect category is blank.
Data can only be entered through Manual Data Entry at run-time.
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GFK-1413
SPC Administration Alarms

When you, the applications engineer, configure the SPC application and when it is used at
runtime, inconsistencies can occur because:
Points are unavailable.
Limits are out of sequence.
Sampling parameters are invalid.
Therefore, SPC comes with a built in $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM to alert you and operators to
those conditions. This alarm deals with configuration inconsistencies. It is different from SPC
alarms that deal with process problems.
Each instance of this alarm, which will display in your Alarm Viewer, provides you with:
\\Group Name\Product Name\QC Name\Alarm number
Alarm Numbers are:
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Required points(s) are unavailable.
XBar control limits are out of sequence.
R/S control limits are out of sequence.
Sample size is invalid.
Gap size is invalid.
4-39
Document Tools
The SPC document provides you with three major tools to facilitate finding specific
information. They include the:
Document Tree
Configure Display Attributes
Find Function
Document Tree
SPC organizes data in a hierarchy that logically emulates the steps you take to configure the
application.
1.
The Products folder is the primary folder.
2.
Product folders appear in the Products folder.
3.
Variable folders appear in their products folder.
4.
Defect folders also appear in their products folder.
The Main Tree

When you look at a configured SPC document in the Tree frame, the hierarchy looks like this:
where:
is the SPC document that holds a number of products.
is a Product folder that holds the variable and defect quality data for a
product.
is a Defect folder for the product that holds a number of defect categories.
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GFK-1413
Product Folder in the Document Tree

Each SPC Product folder contains a collection of Variable Quality Characteristics and Defect
folders that can be used to determine the quality of the product. When you click on a Product
folder in the Tree frame, the contents of the Details frame look like this:
where:
is a Variable Quality Characteristic for the product. Double-click on this
icon to display its properties. Right-click on this icon to access its pop-up menu.
You can assign a collection point for each Variable Quality Characteristic you create.
In the SPC ActiveX control, when you create X-Individual, XBar-S and XBar-R
charts, or a Histogram, you display the information for a single Variable Quality
Characteristic.
is a Defect folder for the product that holds a number of defect categories.
Double-click on this folder to display its Defect codes in the Details frame.
In the SPC ActiveX control, when you create a Pareto chart, you select a Defect
folder and display the information for its defect categories.
Defect Folder in the Document Tree

Each Defect folder contains a collection of Defect Categories. When you click on a Defect
folder in the Tree frame, the contents of the Details frame change to look like this:
where:
is a Defect Category. Double-click on this icon to display its properties.
Right-click on this icon to access its pop-up menu.
You can assign a collection point for each Defect Category you create.
GFK-1413
4-41
Changing Display Attributes

To change the number of display attributes and their order in the details pane for quality and
defect attributes, you can do one of the following:
Select Attributes... from the View menu.
Press Ctrl+A
The Configure Display Attributes dialog box opens.
There are two list boxes in this dialog box:
The Available attributes box lists the display attributes that

are not currently being displayed.
The Display attributes box lists the display attributes that

are currently being displayed and the order in which they are
displayed.
You can:
Add attributes from the Available attributes list to the

Display attributes list.
Remove attributes from the Display attributes list to the

Available attributes list.
Reorder the Display attributes list.
You cannot remove the Name attribute from the display. In addition, this attribute is always
displayed first in the grid.
When you are through modifying the display attributes, click OK to close the dialog box and
update the display in the details pane of the SPC Configuration window, or click Cancel to
close the dialog box without making any changes.
4-42
GFK-1413
Finding a Product/Quality Characteristic

An SPC document can contain many products and many quality and defect characteristics.
You can use the Find function to quickly find a specific characteristic or subset of
characteristics.
To initiate a search, do one of the following:
Select Find from the Tools menu.
Press Ctrl+F
The Find a Product/Quality Characteristic dialog box opens.
You can filter the list of quality and defect characteristics by:
Product name
Quality/Defect characteristic name
Quality/Defect characteristic type
You can also use the following wildcards:

Use this wildcard to search for any number of characters at this point in the
string. For example, if you want to display the list of products whose name
starts with "M" and ends with "X", enter M*X in the Product name field.
Use this wildcard to search for any character in this place in the string. For
example, if you want to display the list of products that are three characters
long and whose first character is "M" and third character is "X", enter M?X
in the Product name field.
Note
There are no implied wildcards. If you do not include or terminate your search string with an
asterisk, only those items that match your request exactly will be returned.
After entering your filtering information, click Browse to display the list of Quality/Defect
characteristics that match your criteria.
Once you have a list displayed, you can double-click on an item in the list to change focus to
that item in the SPC Configuration window.
GFK-1413
4-43
Getting Started
After you create your ODBC data source and configure your SPC data collection,
you can configure SPC ActiveX controls in CimEdit/CimView screens or other
ActiveX containers, such as Internet Explorer, to display your SPC data.
Creating an SPC Chart in CimEdit

To create an SPC chart in a CimEdit screen, do one of the following:
On the OLE toolbar, click the SPC button.
A new SPC chart is placed in the upper left corner of your CimEdit screen.
On the Tools toolbar, click the OLE button.
Your mouse pointer changes into a bracket.

Now do the following:
1.
GFK-1413
Select the position of the upper left corner of the SPC chart, and
click the left mouse button to fix it. The Insert Object dialog box
opens.
5-1
2.
Select CIMPLICITY SPC Control from the ActiveX list.
3.
Select OK. A new SPC Control is placed at the position you select
in your CimEdit screen.
The SPC control initially is empty except for the following message:
Double click this chart to edit its properties. First select a group file
on the general property page. Next select a product, and a QC on
the general property page, and select a chart type on the chart
property page.
Once the SPC chart is in the CimEdit screen, you may do one of the following:
Resize the chart or move it using the borders.
Configure the charts properties.
Configuring SPC Chart Properties

To open the CIMPLICITY SPC Control Properties dialog box, do one of the
following:
Double-click on the chart.
Select CIMPLICITY SPC Control Object->Properties from the

Edit menu.
Select the chart, then select CIMPLICITY SPC Control object>Properties from the pop-up menu.
The information about an SPC chart includes:

General
Defines the fundamental characteristics of the SPC chart.
Chart
Defines the type of chart to display and its appearance.
Lines
Defines the line display for the chart.
Axis
Defines the axis titles and labels for the chart.
Bar Chart
Defines the appearance of a Histogram or Pareto chart.
Report
Defines the fields that will appear in a report for the chart.
Any fields that do not apply to the SPC chart you are defining will be grayed out.
At a minimum, you need to enter an SPC document, product, and QC on the General
page and select a chart type on the Chart page. Other chart properties are preconfigured for your convenience. You may use these default properties or tailor
them to your application.
5-2
GFK-1413
General Properties
The General properties define the general appearance of the SPC chart.
Enter the following information:
Group
You must enter data in this field. Select the SPC document whose data you want to
display. You can use the browse button the document you want.
- to the right of the input field to find
Product
You must enter data in this field. Select the product in the SPC document that you
want to work with. You can click the drop-down list button to the right of the input
field to display the list of products in the document and select one.
QC
You must enter data in this field. Select the Quality Characteristic (QC) that you
want to examine for the product. You can click the drop-down list button to the right
of the input field to display the list of Quality Characteristics defined for the product.
The QC you select determines the types of charts you can display in the ActiveX
control.
GFK-1413
If you select a Defect folder, you can display a Pareto chart.
If you select a Variable QC with XBar/R calculation type, you can

display XBar-R, X-Individuals and Histogram charts.
If you select a Variable QC with XBar/S calculation type, you can

display XBar-S, X-Individuals and Histogram charts.
5-3
Batch ID
If you are using the Batch Processing features of SPC, enter the text that identifies
the batch you want to examine. The chart will display only those points where the
contents of the Batch Point ID matches this identifier.
Duration
Select the time span of the data you want to display.
If you select Show most recent values, the most recent values for the chart are
displayed.
If you select Time span, you can select the starting time and data and ending time
and date of the data to be displayed on the chart.
Chart Properties
The Chart properties define the type of chart to be displayed, the title, chart color,
sample size and update interval.
You can enter the following information.
Type
Select the type of chart you want to display. Click the drop-down list button to the
right of the input fields to display the list of charts for the QC and select one.
For Defect Quality Characteristics, you can select:
Pareto chart
Report
5-4
GFK-1413
For Variable Quality Characteristics, you can select:

XBar-R chart or XBar-S chart (depending on the calculation type for the QC)
X-Individuals chart
Histogram
Report
Max to display
Enter the maximum number of elements to display on the chart.
For XBar-R/S charts, this is the number of subgroups.
For X-Individuals charts, histograms and Pareto charts, this is the

number of samples.
Update interval
If you are displaying current data, enter the interval at which you want the chart data
to update in this field.
If you are displaying logged data, this field is disabled.
Exclusion Mode
See Chapter 4 of this manual to apply Exclusion Mode as necessary.
Lines
The Lines properties let you enable or disable the display of the control lines on the
chart.
Use the check boxes to select the control limit lines you want to display on XBarR/S, X-Individuals or Histogram charts.
GFK-1413
5-5
Axis
The Axis properties let you configure the X and Y axis titles and labels.
Use the check boxes to display or hide the titles and labels for the X and Y axes.
You can select Title Font... to change the font for the X and Y axis titles.
You can select Label Font... to change the font for the X and Y axis labels.
In all cases, make sure you select a TrueType font for titles and labels. If you select a
font that is not TrueType, the text will not display correctly.
5-6
GFK-1413
Bar Chart
The Bar Chart properties let you select the display parameters for Histograms and
Pareto charts.
The information you enter depends on whether you are displaying a Histogram or
Pareto chart.
Histograms
For a Histogram, you can select:
Show spec limits
Set this check box if you want to display the Upper and
Lower Specification Limits configured for the data.
Clear this check box if you do not want to display the
USL and LSL.
Show normal curve
Set this check box if you superimpose a normal

distribution curve over the histogram data. This will
help you see how closely you data matches a normal
distribution.
Clear this check box if you do not want to see the normal
distribution curve.
Max samples
GFK-1413
Enter the maximum number of samples you want to

display in the Histogram.
5-7
Pareto Charts
For a Pareto chart, you can select:
Show fixed number
of bars
Set this check box and enter the number of bars you want
to display on the Pareto chart in the input field. If you
have more defect codes than bars, only the bars for the
most frequently occurring defects are displayed.
Clear this check box if you want to display a bar for each
defect code defined for this product.
Show bar of
remaining defects
If you select Show fixed number of bars, you can

set this check box to display the total number of other
defects in a bar marked Other.
If you clear this check box, the total number of other
defects is not displayed on the chart.
Report
The Report properties let you select the fields to be displayed when users view
reports in CimView screens.
Use the check boxes to select the fields you want to display in the report.
You can use Select All to set all the check boxes, or Unselect All to clear all the
check boxes.
5-8
GFK-1413
Creating an SPC Chart in a Web Page

The following is a sample HTML fragment that will display an SPC ActiveX control
in a web page. Microsofts ActiveX Control Pad can automatically generate code for
inserting the CIMPLICITY SPC control and we recommend it. It is freely available
from Microsofts web site -- www.microsoft.com.
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>New Page</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<OBJECT ID="Spc1" WIDTH=400 HEIGHT=300

CLASSID="CLSID:8A843E25-2878-11D1-B6F5-00A02491B166">
<PARAM NAME="_Version" VALUE="131079">
<PARAM NAME="_ExtentX" VALUE="10583">
<PARAM NAME="_ExtentY" VALUE="7938">
<PARAM NAME="UpdateInterval" VALUE="00:00:10">
<PARAM NAME="GroupName" VALUE="WIDGET">
<PARAM NAME="Product" VALUE="LEFT HAND WIDGET">
<PARAM NAME="QC" VALUE="WLength">
<PARAM NAME="ProjectGroup" VALUE="\\SPC_DEMO\WIDGET">
</OBJECT>
</BODY>
Use of Netscape Navigator is not supported at this time.
Changing the Date/Time Format on Charts

SPC uses the short date style.
To change the date/time format of that style on a chart, use the Regional Settings
option on your Windows 95 or Windows NT Control Panel.
ActiveX Methods and Properties

SPC charting provides you with a wide range of built in functionality. However, if
you, a screen designer, are familiar with ActiveX and want to add to that
functionality as you design your screens, the following methods and properties are
available.
GFK-1413
void AboutBox( );
Calls the About dialog box.
Boolean GetControlLimits (ucl, cl, lcl, rucl,
Gets the current control limits displayed
5-9
rcl, rlcl)
on the chart
void Print( );
Calls the Print dialog box.
void UseAmbientProperties( );
Automatically changes an ActiveX

control to use the ambient properties of
the container
ActiveX Properties:
BSTR ChartTitle;
BSTR UpdateInterval;
short ChartType;
boolean ByTime;
BSTR StartTime;
BSTR EndDate;
BSTR EndTime;
short MaxDisplay;
boolean Exclusion mode;
OLE_COLOR BackgroundColor;
OLE_COLOR ChartColor;
OLE_COLOR ForegroundColor;
BSTR StartDate;
IFontDisp* TitleFont;
boolean UseAmbientBgColor;
boolean UseAmbientFgColor;
boolean UseAmbientChartTitleFont;
boolean UseAmbientChartColor;
BSTR BatchID;
BSTR ProjectGroup;
BSTR Product;
BSTR QC;
boolean ShowLegend;
boolean ShowChartTitle;
boolean ShowXAxisLabels;
boolean ShowXAxisTitle;
boolean ShowYAxisLabels;
boolean ShowYAxisTitle;
boolean UseAmbientAxisLabelFont;
boolean UseAmbientAxisTitleFont;
IFontDisp* AxisLabelFont;
IFontDisp* AxisTitleFont;
short ReportFields;
ISpcLineProperties* UCLLineProperties;
ISpcLineProperties* CLLineProperties;
ISpcLineProperties* LCLLineProperties;
ISpcLineProperties* ZoneLineProperties;
ISpcLineProperties* SpecLimitLineProperties;
ISpcLineProperties* NormalCurveLineProperties;
boolean ShowUpperControlLimit;
boolean ShowCenterLine;
boolean ShowLowerControlLimit;
boolean ShowZones;
boolean ShowSpecLimits;
boolean ShowNormalCurve;
boolean ShowInfoBox;
boolean ShowFixedNumberOfBars;
boolean ShowRemainingDefects;
boolean ShowValues;
MaxHistogramSamples;
NumberOfZones;
float UpperSpecLimit;
float LowerSpecLimit;
5-10
GFK-1413
Using SPC Charts
Run-time Functions
When you display an SPC ActiveX control, you can move the cursor over the
control, and then click the right mouse button to display the run-time pop-up menu
for the control.
You can select:

Update
Updates the display with more current data
Manual Data Entry...
Opens the Manual Data Entry dialog box for the

QC.
Print...
Opens the Print dialog box to print the contents of

the screen.
Exclusion Mode
To toggle Exclusion Mode on and off.
Properties
Opens the SPC Control Properties dialog box for

the control.
Use Ambient Properties
Changes the foreground and background colors used

by the ActiveX control to the ambient colors defined
for the screen.
About SPC
GFK-1413
6-1
Displaying Test Results

You can perform up to 8 control tests on XBar-R and XBar-S data. The results of
these tests are displayed graphically on the chart. Points on the chart that meet one or
more test criteria are highlighted with red stars. In addition, if you move the cursor
over one of these points, a summary of the test results displays. For example:
6-2
GFK-1413
Manual Data Entry

If Manual Data Entry was selected as a collection option when the Variable or Defect
QC was configured, you can use the Manual Data Entry... menu option to
manually input QC data for the chart.
Variable QC Data
When you select Manual Data Entry... from the pop-up menu for a Variable QC
chart, the Manual Data Entry (Variable QC) dialog box opens.
For each manual data entry:

1.
Enter the value you want in the Raw Value field.
2.
Press the
button next to the input field.
The number you enter moves to the list box.

After you have entered all the manual data, select Submit to send the data to the
SPC Data Collector.
GFK-1413
Using SPC Charts
6-3
Defect QC Data
When you select Manual Data Entry... from the pop-up menu for a Defect QC
chart, the Manual Data Entry (Defect QC) dialog box opens.
For each manual data entry:

1.
Enter the Defect Category name you want in the Defect Code field.
2.
Enter the number of occurrences for the Defect Category in the Num
of Occ field.
3.
Press the
button next to the Num of Occ field.
The Defect Category and number of occurrences you enter moves to the
list box.
After you have entered all the manual data, select Submit to send the data to the
SPC Data Collector.
6-4
GFK-1413
Appendix A - Tables of Constants

for Control Charts
XBar and R Chart Factors for Control Limits

The values for samples ranging in size from 0 to 25 for XBar and R charts are:
Chart for Averages
GFK-1413
Chart for Ranges
Sample Size
A2
D3
D4
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
0.000
2.660
1.881
1.023
0.729
0.577
0.483
0.419
0.373
0.337
0.308
0.285
0.266
0.249
0.235
0.223
0.212
0.203
0.194
0.187
0.180
0.173
0.167
0.162
0.157
0.153
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.076
0.136
0.184
0.223
0.259
0.284
0.308
0.329
0.348
0.363
0.378
0.391
0.403
0.415
0.425
0.434
0.443
0.451
0.459
0.000
3.267
3.268
2.574
2.282
2.114
2.004
1.924
1.864
1.816
1.777
1.755
1.717
1.692
1.671
1.652
1.637
1.622
1.608
1.597
1.585
1.575
1.566
1.557
1.548
1.541
A-1
XBar and S Chart Factors for Control Limits

The values for samples ranging in size from 0 to 25 for XBar and S charts are:
Chart for Averages
Sample Size
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
A-2
A3
2.659
1.954
1.628
1.427
1.287
1.182
1.099
1.032
0.975
0.927
0.886
0.850
0.817
0.789
0.763
0.739
0.718
0.698
0.680
0.663
0.647
0.633
0.619
0.606
Chart for Standard

Deviations
B3
B4
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.030
0.118
0.185
0.239
0.284
0.321
0.354
0.382
0.406
0.428
0.448
0.466
0.482
0.497
0.510
0.523
0.534
0.545
0.555
0.565
3.268
2.568
2.266
2.089
1.970
1.882
1.815
1.761
1.726
1.679
1.646
1.618
1.594
1.572
1.552
1.534
1.518
1.503
1.490
1.477
1.466
1.455
1.445
1.435
GFK-1413
Appendix B - X-Individual Chart

Calculations
X-Individual Chart Calculations

The X-Individual chart is sometimes called a pre-control chart. This type of chart is
used to determine the stability of the center of the process. The control limits are
calculated by determining the standard deviation of the sample population.
X-Individual Center Line

For the X-Individual chart, the center line is calculated as:
X =
x1 + x 2 +...+ xn
n
where x1 through xn are the values of each item in the set and n is the number of
samples.
X-Individual Standard Deviation

The standard deviation is calculated as:
(x x)
n
S=
i =1
n 1
The formulas used for calculating the upper and lower control limits are:
UCL = X + 3S
GFK-1413
LCL = X 3S
B-1
Appendix C - XBar-R Chart

Calculations
XBar-R Chart Calculations.

The XBar-R chart displays two charts, one for the Xbar values and the other for the
Range values. The formulas for calculating the center lines and control limits for the
XBar-R control chart are detailed in the following sections.
XBar-R Chart Center Line

Based on the sample size, the mean for a given sample can be calculated as:
X =
x1 + x 2 +...+ xn
n
where x1 through xn are the values of each observation in the sample and n is the
number of observations in the sample.
Because an XBar-R chart displays the average of each sample in the set, its center
line is calculated as:
X =
X 1 + X 2 +...+ X m
m
where X 1 through X m are the averages of each sample, and m is the number of
samples. This grand average becomes the center line of the XBar chart.
XBar-R Chart Control Limits

To construct the upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL) for the
XBar-R chart, we need to know the standard deviation of the data. This can be
estimated with the range method.
In a sample of size n, the range is the difference between the smallest and largest
observations. In other words:
R = x max x min
GFK-1413
C-1
If R1 through Rm is the range of m samples, then the average range is:
R=
R1 + R 2 +...+ Rm
m
The formulas used for calculating the upper and lower control limits for the XBar
chart are:
UCL = x + A2 R
LCL = x + A2 R
Where A2 is a tabulated value based on the sample size. See the XBar Chart Factors
for Control Limits table in Appendix A for values of A2 for sample sizes ranging
from 1 to 25.
If the sample size is greater than 25, the formulas are:
UCL = X + 3S
LCL = X 3S
where S is the standard deviation for the chart.
R Chart Center Line

For the R chart, the formula for calculating the center line is:
R=
R1 + R 2 +...+ Rm
m
R Chart Control Limits

The formulas used for calculating the upper and lower control limits for the R chart
are:
UCL = RD4
LCL = RD3
where D4 and D3 are tabulated values based on the sample size. See the Range
Chart Factors for Control Limits table in Appendix A for values of D3 and D4 for
sample sizes ranging from 1 to 25.
UCL = R + 3S
LCL = R 3S
C-2
GFK-1413
Appendix D - XBar-S Chart

Calculations
XBar-S Chart Calculations

The XBar-S chart displays two charts, one for the Xbar values and the other for the
Sigma values. The formulas for calculating the center lines and control limits for the
XBar-S control chart are detailed in the following sections.
XBar-S Chart Center Line

Based on the sample size, the mean for a given sample can be calculated as:
X =
x1 + x 2 +...+ xn
n
where x1 through xn are the values of each observation in the sample and n is the
number of observations in the sample.
Because an XBar-S chart displays the average of each sample in the set, its center
line is calculated as:
X =
X 1 + X 2 +...+ X m
m
where X 1 through X m are the averages of each sample, and m is the number of
samples. This grand average becomes the center line of the XBar chart.
XBar-S Chart Control Limits

To construct the upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL) for the
XBar-S chart, we need to know the standard deviation of the data.
GFK-1413
D-1
In a sample of size n, the standard deviation is:
(x x)
n
s=
i =1
n 1
If s1 through
deviation is:
s=
sm is the range of m standard deviations, then the average standard
s1 + s2 +...+ sm
m
The formulas used for calculating the upper and lower control limits for the XBar
chart are:
UCL = x + A3 s
LCL = x A3 s
Where A3 is a tabulated value based on the sample size. See the XBar Chart Factors
for Control Limits table in Appendix A for values of A3 for sample sizes ranging
from 1 to 25.
UCL = X + 3S
LCL = X 3S
S Chart Center Line

For the S chart, the formula for calculating the center line is:
s=
s1 + s2 ...+ sm
m
S Chart Control Limits

The formulas used for calculating the upper and lower control limits for the S chart
are:
UCL = sB 4
LCL = sB 3
where B3 and B4 are tabulated values based on the sample size. See the Range
Chart Factors for Control Limits table in Appendix A for values of B3 and B4 for
sample sizes ranging from 1 to 25.
UCL = s + 3S
LCL = s 3S
D-2
GFK-1413
Appendix E - Histogram Chart

Calculations
Histogram Chart Calculations

The Histogram shows you the distribution, the central tendancy and the scatter or
variability of the sample data. This chart also displays the calculated process
capability for the data.
There are two process capability measurements displayed by this chart, Cp and Cpk.
Depending on whether the source of the data is an XBar-R or XBar-S chart, the
estimate of the process standard deviation differs.
For XBar-R data, the estimate of the process standard deviation is:
= R / d 2 = R / d
For XBar-S data, the estimate of the process standard deviation is:
= S / c4 = S / c
Capability Index
Cp is the capability index defined as the tolerance width divided by the process
capability, irrespective of process centering.
For XBar-R data, it is calculated as:
USL LSL
6
R / d2
For XBar-S data, it is calculated as:
USL LSL
6
S / c4
GFK-1413
E-1
Capability Index for Process Centering

Cpk is the capability index which accounts for process centering and is defined as the
minimum of the upper and lower capability indexes. It relates the scaled distance
between the process mean and the closes specification limit to half the total process
spread.
For XBar-R data, the upper and lower indexes are calculated as:
CPU =
USL X
X LSL
and CPL =
3 R / d
3R / d
2
For XBar-S data, the upper and lower indexes are calculated as:
CPU =
USL X
X LSL
and CPL =
3S / c
3S / c
4
E-2
GFK-1413
Appendix F Upgrading Quality

Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts
Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts

You need to upgrade your existing Quality Charts if they meet one of the following
two criteria:
The charts were created using a version of CIMPLICITY HMI prior to

v3.1
The charts were created using CIMPLICITY HMI v3.1, but you did not
purchase and install the Enhanced SPC software (IC646NSP000A)
prior to creating the charts
If you are currently using CIMPLICITY HMI v3.2 or later, and you attempt to
display a screen containing one of these charts, you will see a message indicating that
the charts must upgraded.
Before you begin the upgrade:
Be sure to back up all necessary CIMPLICITY HMI projects, as the

upgrade procedure will alter both your screens and your project.
Be sure that an SPC ODBC data source exists. See chapter 3 for more
information on creating a data source.
Starting the Upgrade Procedure

To start the upgrade procedure:
GFK-1413
1.
Open your projects Configuration cabinet.
2.
From the Tools menu, select Upgrade Old SPC Charts.
3.
Respond to the questions in the upgrade procedure as you are

prompted.
F-1
Upgrade Procedure Details

The upgrade procedure begins by prompting you for an ODBC data source for
storing the results of intermediate SPC calculations. The ODBC data source is where
the SPC data collector process will store its data.
After prompting for an ODBC data source, the upgrade procedure searches through
all CimView screens, starting in the directory you specify, and recursing through all
its subdirectories. As the utility finds references to old style Quality Charts in these
screens, it prompts you for a Product Name and QC Name for each of the charts.
Then it replaces the charts.
Finally, the upgrade procedure generates a single SPC configuration file called
SPC1.SPC. It places this configuration file in your projects SPC directory. All
charts in the project need to know the location of this configuration file. The upgrade
procedure takes care of this for existing charts that it upgrades.
Important
Do not move, rename, or delete the SPC1.SPC file.
When you add a new chart you will need to select the SPC1.SPC file as the group file
in the chart's General property page. The configuration file tells chart what quality
characteristics are available and where to find the data. The data collection process
also uses this configuration file to know what data to collect, and on which data
source to log results.
F-2
GFK-1413
Glossary of Terms
Average
The sum of values divided by the number, or sample size, of values. This is usually
designated by a bar over the symbol for the values being averaged. The most
common averages in SPC are:
The average of values within a subgroup.
The average of subgroup averages (also called the process average)
The average of subgroup ranges.
Central Line
The line on the control chart that represents the average value of the items being
plotted.
Characteristic
A distinguishing feature of a process on which variable data can be collected.
Control Chart
A graphic representation of a characteristic of a process. It shows the plotted values
of data for the characteristic, a central line and one or two control limits.
Control Limit
A line, or lines, on a control chart used as a basis for judging the stability of a
process. Control limits are calculated from process data.
Defect Data
Defect data consists of a defect code and a count of the number of units that contain
that defect. It is possible for a unit to contain more than one defect. Defect data is
displayed in a Pareto chart which ranks the defects by number of occurrences.
GFK-1413
Glossary-i
Defect Quality Characteristic

For CIMPLICITY SPC, a Defect Quality Characteristic defines the collection of
defect categories be used for defect data for a Pareto chart. Other terms for Defect
Quality Characteristic are Defect QC or defect data.
Document
For CIMPLICITY SPC, a document is a collection of products for which you are
going to collect and analyze variable quality characteristics and defect data.
Mean
See Average.
Median
The middle value of a group of measurements when they are arranged in order from
lowest to highest. The median is not an average.
Observation
An observation is a single instance of data.
Pareto Chart
A chart that ranks all potential problem areas according to their contribution to the
total variation. Typically, a few causes account for most of the variation. In
CIMPLICITY SPC, the contents of a Defects folder contain the data displayed in a
Pareto chart.
Process Capability
The total range of a stable processs inherent variation. For variable data:
The processs inherent capability is defined as
The capability index for a stable process is
6R / d
C PK
Process Spread
The extent to which the distribution of individual values of the process characteristic
vary. This is often shown as the process average plus or minus some number of
standard deviations. For example:
X 3
Product
For CIMPLICITY SPC, a product is the entity for which you want to collect Variable
quality characteristics or Defect data for analysis
Glossary-ii
GFK-1413
Range
The difference between the lowest and highest values in a subgroup.
Run
A consecutive number of points consistently increasing or decreasing or above or
below the central line.
Sigma
The Greek letter -
- used to designate a standard deviation.
Special Cause
A source of variation that is intermittent and often unpredictable. Sometimes called
an assignable cause, it is signaled by a point beyond the control limits, a run, or other
non-random pattern of points within the control limits.
Standard Deviation
A measure of the spread of the process output.
Subgroup
A subgroup is a set of one or more observations that are used to calculate a point on
an SPC chart. Another term for a subgroup is a sample.
Variable Data
Variable data consists of measurable parameters such as weight, temperature, or
length.
Variable Quality Characteristic

For CIMPLICITY SPC a Variable Quality Characteristic is a measurable parameter
such as weight, temperature or length. Other terms for Variable Quality
Characteristic are Variable QC or variable data.
GFK-1413
Glossary
Glossary-iii
Index
Batch ID
Chart properties 5-4
Batch Point ID
Defect folder 4-34
Variable 4-13
Begin Configuration 4-3
A
About
SPC 1-1
Active
Checkbox 4-5
Defect folder 4-34
Document 4-5
Product 4-7
Variable 4-10
ActiveX Methods 5-9
ActiveX Methods and Properties 5-9
ActiveX Properties 5-10
Adding a New
Defect Category 4-35
Defect group 4-33
Product 4-6
Variable quality characteristic 4-9
Alarm ID
Control tests 4-23
Alarm Numbers 4-39
Alarms
Setpoint 4-23
Setting 4-22
SPC Administration 4-39
Alarms and Setpoints for control tests 4-23
Array
End element 4-37
Start element 4-37
Auto Recalculation
Force 4-18
Auto Recalculation for Control Limits 4-17
Available Attributes 4-42
Axis properties
SPC chart 5-6
B
Bar chart properties
SPC chart 5-7
GFK-1413
Calculation Type
Variable 4-10
Changing the Date/Time Format 5-9
Chart factors for control limits
Xbar-R charts A-1
Xbar-S charts A-2
Chart properties
Batch ID 5-4
Chart type 5-4
Duration 5-4
Group 5-3
Histogram 5-7
Max to display 5-5
Pareto chart 5-8
Product 5-3
QC 5-3
SPC chart 5-4
Update interval 5-5
Chart type
Chart types
SPC 2-3
Checkbox
Active - document 4-5
Active product 4-7
Active variable 4-10
CimEdit
Creating an SPC chart 5-1
Collection
Defect category - logged 4-38
Defect category point 4-37
Document 4-5
End element - variable 4-13
Start element - variable 4-13
Variable logged 4-14
Variable point 4-12
Collection Method
Defect folder 4-34
Variable quality characteristic 4-12
Collection Properties
Defect category - SPC configuration 4-36
Variable quality characteristics - SPC 4-12
Column ID
Defect category 4-38
Logged variables 4-14
Configuration
Index-i
Building 4-4
Control limits
Display at run-time 5-5
Displaying in report 5-8
Control Limits
Auto recalculation 4-17
Variable 4-17
Control Test
1 Beyond upper-lower limits 4-25
2 Same side of center line 4-25
3 Consecutive subgroups in a row 4-26
4 Alternating up and down 4-26
5 In a row in beyond A 4-27
6 In a row in beyond B 4-27
7 In a row in C 4-28
8 In a row beyond C 4-28
Control Tests
Alarms and setpoint 4-23
Setpoint ID 4-23
Criteria for Control Tests Overview 4-24
D
Data Collection
End element defect category 4-37
Start element defect category 4-37
Data Configuration Overview 4-2
Data Source
ODBC document 4-5
ODBC logged defect category 4-38
ODBC logged variable 4-14
Database User
Document 4-5
Logged collection defect category 4-38
Logged collection - variables 4-14
Date/Time
Changing 5-9
Defect Categories
SPC configuration 4-35
Defect Category
Adding 4-35
Logged collection 4-38
No collection 4-38
Point collection 4-37
Point ID 4-37
Start element 4-37
Defect Category Properties
Collection - SPC configuration 4-36
General - SPC configuration 4-36
Defect Folder
Defining properties 4-33
SPC 4-41
Defect Folder Properties
Index-ii

Defect Group
Adding 4-33
Defect QC data
Manual data entry, SPC ActiveX control 6-4
Defining
Defect folder properties 4-33
Product properties 4-6
Description
Variable 4-10
Display Attributes 4-42
Changing - SPC configuration 4-42
Displaying test results
SPC ActiveX control 5-10, 6-2
Document Properties
Active - SPC configuration 4-5
Database user - SPC configuration 4-5
Log update interval - SPC configuration 4-5
ODBC data source - SPC Configuration 4-5
Password - SPC configuration 4-5
Document Tools 4-40
Document Tree
SPC 4-40
Duration
E
End Element
Variable 4-13
EU Conversion
Collection defect category 4-37
Collection - variable 4-13
F
Field
Alarm ID - control tests 4-23
Batch point ID - defect folder 4-34
Batch point ID - variable 4-13
Collection method -defect folder 4-34
Column ID - defect category 4-38
Column ID - logged variables 4-14
Database user defect category 4-38
Database user - document 4-5
Description - variable 4-10
End element - defect category 4-37
EU conversion - defect category 4-37
EU conversion - variable 4-13
Force auto recalc 4-18
Gap size 4-10
Gap size - points 4-11
GFK-1413
HTML code
Embedding SPC chart in web page 5-9
Gap size - values 4-11

Match point defect folder 4-34
Match Point - variable 4-13
Match value defect folder 4-34
Match Value - variable 4-13
ODBC data source 4-5
ODBC data source - defect category 4-38
ODBC data source - logged variables 4-14
Password - document 4-5
Password logged variables 4-14
Point ID - defect category 4-37
Point ID - variable 4-13
Product name 4-7
Product properties description 4-7
R/S UCL-CL-LCL - values 4-20
Resource ID 4-7
Setpoint ID - control tests 4-23
Setpoint ID - limits 4-19
Setpoint ID variable limits 4-10
Start element - defect category 4-37
Subgroup size - points 4-11
Subgroup size - values 4-11
Subgroup size - variable 4-10
Table ID - defect category 4-38
Table ID - logged variables 4-14
UCL CL LCL - points 4-21
Variable calculation 4-10
X Bar UCL CL LCL - points 4-21
Xbar UCL-CL-LCL - values 4-20
Finding a Product/Quality Characteristic
Force Auto Recalc 4-18
L
Limits Properties
Variable quality characteristics -SPC configuration
4-16
Lines properties
SPC chart 5-5
Logged Collection
Variable 4-14
M
Main tree
SPC 4-40
Manual data entry
Defect QC data 6-4
SPC ActiveX control 6-3
Variable QC data 6-3
Match Point
Defect folder 4-34
Variable 4-13
Match Value
Defect folder 4-34
Variable 4-13
Max to display
Methods
ActiveX 5-9
N
G
New Product
Adding 4-6
Defining properties 4-6
New Variable Quality Characteristic 4-9
No Collection
For a defect category 4-38
For a variable 4-15
Gap Size 4-10

Points 4-11
Values 4-11
General properties
SPC chart 5-3
General Properties
Defect category - SPC configuration 4-36
Variable quality characteristics - SPC configuration
4-9
Getting started
Group
O
ODBC Data Source
Document 4-5
Opening a New Document 4-3
Operation overview
SPC 2-2
Overview
SPC analysis 2-1
Overview of Data Configuration Steps 4-2
H
Histogram chart
Description 2-5
Properties 5-7
GFK-1413
Index
Index-iii
P
Pareto chart
Description 2-5
Properties 5-8
Password
Document 4-5
Logged defect category 4-38
Logged variable 4-14
Point Collection
Variable 4-12
Point ID
Retrieving data - variable 4-13
Points Control Limits 4-21
Procedure for upgrading SPC charts F-1
Details F-2
Product
Adding 4-6
Name 4-7
Properties - defining 4-6
Product Folder
SPC 4-41
Products
Properties
ActiveX 5-10
SPC chart 5-2
Q
QC
Quality data charts
Description, SPC 2-3
Histogram chart, description 2-5
XBar-R chart, description 2-4
XBar-S chart, description 2-4
X-Individual chart, description 2-3
Quick start
R
R chart
Center line calculation C-2
Control limit calculations C-2
R/S UCL, CL, LCL
Points 4-21
Values 4-20
Report properties
SPC chart 5-8
Reports
Index-iv
SPC 2-6
Run-time functions
S
S chart
Center line calculation D-2
Control limit calculations D-2
Sampling Parameters
Using points 4-11
Using values 4-11
Sampling Size
Points 4-11
Values 4-11
Setpoint
Alarm 4-23
Setpoint ID
Control tests 4-23
Limits 4-19
Variable 4-10
Setting Alarms for Variable Quality Characteristics
4-22
SPC
About 1-1
Administration
Alarms 4-39
Configuration, Quick start 1-3
Defect folder in the document tree 4-41
Main tree 4-40
Operation overview 2-2
Product folder in document tree 4-41
Quality data charts, description 2-3
Quick start configuration 1-3
R chart, Center line calculation C-2
R chart, Control limit calculations C-2
S chart, Center line calculation D-2
S chart, Control limit calculations D-2
Suggested readings 2-1
Upgrading charts F-1
Procedure details F-2
Upgrading charts, Procedure F-1
Upgrading old charts 1-3
XBar-R chart, Center line calculation C-1
XBar-R chart, Control limit calculations C-1
XbarRR chart factors for control limits A-1
Xbar-S chart factors for control limits A-2
XBar-S chart, Center line calculation D-1
XBar-S chart, Control limit calculations D-1
SPC ActiveX control
Displaying test results 5-10, 6-2
Getting started 5-1
Manual data entry 6-3
Manual data entry, Defect QC data 6-4
Manual data entry, Variable QC data 6-3
GFK-1413
Values 4-11
Variable 4-10
Suggested readings
SPC 2-1
Run-time functions 6-1

SPC Administration Alarms 4-39
SPC analysis
Overview 2-1
SPC chart
Axis properties 5-6
Bar chart properties 5-7
Configuring properties 5-2
Creating in a web page 5-9
Creating in CimEdit 5-1
General properties 5-3
Lines properties 5-5
Report properties 5-8
SPC chart types 2-3
Histogram chart, Description 2-5
Pareto chart, Description 2-5
XBar-R chart, Description 2-4
XBar-S chart, Description 2-4
X-Individual chart, Description 2-3
SPC Charts
XBar-R Chart Calculations C-1
XBar-S Chart Calculations D-1
SPC configuration
Products 4-6
Variable quality characteristic properties - Collection
4-12
Variable quality characteristic properties - Limits 4-16
Variable quality characteristics 4-8
SPC Configuration
Adding a variable 4-9
Changing display attributes 4-42
Defect categories 4-35
Defect category properties - General 4-36
Defect category properties -Collection 4-36
Defect folder properties 4-33
Document properties 4-4
Document properties - active 4-5
Document properties - Database user 4-5
Document properties - Log update interval 4-5
Document properties - ODBC data source 4-5
Document properties - password 4-5
Finding a product/quality characteristic 4-43
Variable quality characteristic properties - general 4-9
SPC datasource
Creating 3-1
SPC Document
Opening 4-3
SPC reports 2-6
Specification Limits 4-21
Start Element
Variable 4-13
Subgroup Size 4-10
Points 4-11
GFK-1413
T
Table ID
Time/Date
Changing 5-9
U
Update interval
Upgrading old SPC charts 1-3
Upgrading SPC charts F-1
Procedure F-1
Procedure details F-2
Using Points to Specify
Sampling parameters 4-11
Using Values to Specify
Sampling parameters 4-11
V
Variable
Active 4-10
Calculation type 4-10
Control limits 4-17
Description 4-10
Gap size - variable 4-10
Logged collection 4-14
No collection 4-15
Point Collection 4-12
Sample size 4-10
Setpoint ID 4-10
Specification limits 4-21
Variable QC data
Manual data entry, SPC ActiveX control 6-3
Variable Quality Characteristic
Adding 4-9
Variable Quality Characteristic Properties
Collection - SPC configuration 4-12
General - SPC configuration 4-9
Limits - SPC configuration 4-16
W
Web page
Creating SPC chart in 5-9
Index
Index-v
X
X Bar UCL, CL, LCL
Points 4-21
Values 4-20
Xbar-R chart
Center line calculation C-1
XBar-R chart
Control limit calculations C-1
XBar-R Chart Calculations C-1
XBar-R chart factors for control limits A-1
XBar-Rchart
Description 2-4
Xbar-S chart
Center line calculation D-1
XBar-S chart
Control limit calculations D-1
Description 2-4
XBar-S Chart Calculations D-1
XBar-S chart factors for control limits A-2
X-Individual chart
Description 2-3
Error! Cannot open file referenced on page 1
Index-vi
GFK-1413

Gfk1413C - CIMPLICITY HMI Statistical Process Control Operation Manual

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Gfk1413C - CIMPLICITY HMI Statistical Process Control Operation Manual

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GE Fanuc Automation

CIMPLICITY Monitoring and Control Products

CIMPLICITY is a registered trademark of GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc.

This manual was produced using Doc-To-Help, by WexTech Systems, Inc.

Copyright 1997-1998 GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc.

Content of this Manual

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual

About the CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Option ........................................................................... 1-1

SPC Analysis.......................................................................................................................... 2-1

Creating the SPC Data Source

Creating the SPC Data Source................................................................................................ 3-1

Configuring SPC Data

Changing Display Attributes .................................................................................. 4-42

Configuring SPC Charts

Getting Started........................................................................................................................ 5-1

Using SPC Charts

Run-time Functions ................................................................................................................ 6-1

Appendix A - Tables of Constants for Control Charts

XBar and R Chart Factors for Control Limits ....................................................................... A-1

Error! Cannot open file referenced on page i

XBar-R Chart Calculations.....................................................................................................C-1

Appendix D - XBar-S Chart Calculations

XBar-S Chart Calculations .................................................................................................... D-1

Appendix D - XBar-S Chart Calculations

XBar-S Chart Calculations .................................................................................................... D-1

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual

S Chart Center Line................................................................................................. D-2

Appendix F Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts

Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts............................................................... F-1

About the CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Option

MeasurementTo collect large amounts of accurate data.

AnalysisTo transform this data into meaningful information.

ImprovementTo use your information to change your process and

ControlTo monitor your process continually and react to new

Based on Microsoft's design standards, CIMPLICITY SPC charts are designed as

Live data viewing from ActiveX containers such as CimView screens

Easy scalability from a simple workstation to Client-Server

Generation of CIMPLICITY HMI alarms for out-of-control conditions.

Centralized configuration that alleviates the need to individually

Xbar-R, X-Individual, Xbar-S, and Histogram charts for variable

High quality printing directly from the SPC ActiveX control.

Both logged and run-time point data collection.

Manual data entry through a dialog in the SPC ActiveX control.

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual

The SPC option consists of the following three components:

SPC Data Collector. This process runs as a background process and

SPC ActiveX Control. This ActiveX control can be embedded in an

Upgrading Old SPC Charts

The charts were created prior to CIMPLICITY HMI v3.1

Quick Start - Configuring the SPC Option

Configure an ODBC data source.

Configure SPC data collection.

Configure one or more SPC charts.

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual

XBar-R, XBar-S, X-Individual and Histogram charts for analyzing

Pareto charts for analyzing defect data.

SPC Operation Overview

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual

SPC Chart types

Quality Data Charts

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual

Creating the SPC Data Source

Creating the SPC Data Source