1

Sustainable Redevelopment of Cogon Public Market

A THESIS PROPOSAL
Presented to the faculty of Architecture
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
Cagayan de Oro City

In Partial Fulfilment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Janna Keisha L. Nave

2015

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1

BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

A Public market, or marketplace, is an open space whether merely a space
or building and the regular gathering of people meeting therein together for the
purpose of purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods. In the
Philippines Public Markets are the most reliable sources of income for local
government such as barangays, municipalities and cities. In some municipalities
the income generated from public markets account a big portion of the total gross

revenue realized from different sources. However, the level of income of Public
Markets will depend upon the degree of effectivity of its administration. Thus
local governments should give more attention to the operation of its Public
Markets.
Green building means taking the environment into count during design
and construction. Green building aim for harmony with the local environment:
they benefit from it, and protect and respect it. In general, green buildings are
energy efficient, water conserving, durable and nontoxic, with high-quality spaces
and high recycled- content materials.
In addition, green buildings generally have more comfortable indoor conditions,
natural lighting, connections and healthier indoor air. Because green buildings are
healthier and more pleasant to be in, their occupants consistently sow lower
absenteeism, higher productivity. For commercial building owners, increases in
productivity can easily total more than a projects entire construction cost over the
life the building.(http://www.recycleworks.org/pdf/GB-guide-2-23.pdf)

Good quality public market is a key element for ensuring a healthy

community. Poor Public Market can lead to many health problems and associated
with infectious diseases. Everyone should therefore have access to good quality
market and a pleasant environment that makes the people happy and content.
Here in Cagayan de Oro City all the markets have been redevelop yet the
old problems still exist. Like, crowded conditions give rise to poor hygiene; Poor
hygiene leads to food contamination within the place; indoor air quality leads to
respiratory problems and inadequate lighting leads to eyesight problems; roads are
used for sales for goods because of lesser stalls; many crimes happened inside and
out of the market.
In order to lessen the typical problems this proposed thesis is the
Sustainable Redevelopment of Cogon Public Market; particularly dwells on the
problems by enhancing the Cogon Public Market into a Sustainable building to

create environment with the mission of improving consumers selling conditions,

health and livelihood of the consumers who depends so much on the market.
1.2

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Cogon Public Market still has problems such as crowded

conditions. It give rise to poor sanitation; poor sanitation leads to
food contamination within the place; indoor air quality leads to
respiratory problems and inadequate lighting leads to eyesight
problems; roads are used for sales of goods because of lesser
stalls; lots of crimes inside and out of market happened every
now and then. With these concerns there is a need to redevelop
the existing building. Making the Cogon Public Market into a
Sustainable building that will lead to a well develop market.

1.3

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Sustainable Redevelopment of Cogon Public Market is a significant aspect
in terms of cities Revenue Generation, where local government derive income
from real property taxes, licenses and fees services rendered and in the operation
of income enterprises such as markets, and etc. And minimize the negative
environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of
materials, energy, and development space. Implementations of such act and
helping the city to prosper economically and environmentally.
These are the following objectives of the study:
-

To provide facilities that is functional and accessible for the

consumers.
To have good environment within the market that will improve the
productivity of the users and offers convenience to the consumers

To Encourage and promote green building practices, defined as high

performance and energy efficient design and construction methods
relating to site conditions, water quality, energy use, material selection
and indoor environment, which promote the health and well-being of
consumers.

1.4

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The relevance of this study is to redevelop the Cogon Public Market into a
Sustainable building which will provide good environment to the consumers by
having a functional facilities and accessible spaces. It will also upgrade the
confidence & pride of the local living in the city having this kind of development.
To improve the function of the Market and awareness of sustainability to the
people. This project will not only be for the city but it is a step for
implementations and awareness.

1.5

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The Sustainable Redevelopment of Cogon Public Market is the planning
of facilities to improve the Cogon Public Market.
In details, the following are the scopes of the study:
1

The presentation will be limited in architectural plans of Cogon

2
3
4
5
6

Public Market.
Zoning of spaces, space planning
Sustainable development (LEED)
Site development
Planning analysis
Structural section of the Market.

The scope of this study is to redevelop the Cogon Public market into a
Sustainable building through LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED). LEED is a set of rating systems for the design, construction,
operation, and maintenance of green buildings, homes and neighborhoods. Green
design not only makes a positive impact on public health and the environment, it

also reduces operating costs, enhances building and organizational marketability,

potentially increases occupant productivity, and helps create a sustainable
community. LEED

Fits into this market by providing rating systems that are voluntary,
consensus-based, market-driven, based on accepted energy and environmental
principles, and they strike a balance between established practices and emerging
concepts.
Sustainable Redevelopment of Cogon Public Market specifies a
sustainable development for the growing city. The study emphasizes on
redevelopment and the sustainability of the market.
In details, the following are limitations of the study:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1.6

Detailed bill of materials

Structural details and section of the facilities
Cost estimate of the study
Electrical plan
Plumbing layout

THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
1.6.1

THE CONCEPT OF REDEVELOPMENT

Redevelopment is the act of improving by renewing and restoring. They

do not always involve redevelopment as they do not always involve the

demolition of any existing structures but may instead describe the rehabilitation of
existing buildings or other improvement initiatives.

The methodology started the selection of the problem, then visual and site
visitation of the existing Cogon Public Market and observed and came up with an
evaluation constructed on the problems which are occurring, with this usage and
proper function. After evaluating, studying and observing the portions of the
issues a proposal to redevelop the Cogon Public Market into a Sustainable
building as a new perspective in the societys setting to improve the typical
environment of a market.

1.6.2

THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

1.6.2.1 Sustainable Construction:

Sustainable construction is defined as "the creation and
responsible management of a healthy built environment based on resource
efficient and ecological principles". Sustainable designed buildings aim to
lessen their impact on our environment through energy and resource
efficiency. It includes the following principles:
- Minimizing non-renewable resource consumption
- Enhancing the natural environment
- Eliminating or minimizing the use of toxins
According to a "Sustainable building" can be defined as those
buildings that have minimum adverse impacts on the built and natural
environment, in terms of the buildings themselves, their immediate
surroundings and the broader regional and global setting. "Sustainable
building" may be defined as building practices, which strive for integral
quality (including economic, social and environmental performance) in a
very broad way.
(http://web.hku.hk/~cmhui/Hangzhou2007_SamHui_paper_English.pdf)

1.6.2.2

Environmental

Architecture:

(Five

principles

of

an

environmental architecture)
Healthful Interior Environment. All possible measures are to be
taken to ensure that materials and building systems do not emit toxic
substances and gasses into the interior atmosphere. Additional measures
are to be taken to clean and revitalize interior air with filtration and
plantings.
Energy Efficiency. All possible measures are to be taken to ensure
that the building's use of energy is minimal. Cooling, heating and lighting
systems are to use methods and products that conserve or eliminate energy
use.
Ecologically Benign Materials. All possible measures are to be
taken to use building materials and products that minimize destruction of
the global environment. Wood is to be selected based on non-destructive
forestry practices. Other materials and products are to be considered based
on the toxic waste output of production.
Environmental Form. All possible measures are to be taken to
relate the form and plan of the design to the site, the region and the
climate. Measures are to be taken to "heal" and augment the ecology of the
site. Accommodations are to be made for recycling and energy efficiency.
Measures are to be taken to relate the form of building to a harmonious
relationship between the inhabitants and nature.
Good Design. All possible measures are to be taken to achieve an
efficient, long lasting and elegant relationship of use areas, circulation,

building form, mechanical systems and construction technology. Symbolic

relationships with appropriate history, the Earth and spiritual principles are
to be searched for and expressed. Finished buildings shall be well built,
easy to use and beautiful.
(http://www.umich.edu/~nppcpub/resources/compendia/ARCHpdfs/ARC
HdesIntro.pdf)
1.6.2.3 Green Building:
A green approach to the built environment involves a holistic approach to
the design of buildings. All the resources that go into a building are they
materials, fuels or the contribution of the users need to be considered if a
sustainable architecture is to be produced. Producing green buildings involves
resolving many conflicting issues and requirements. Each design decision has
environmental implications. Measures for green buildings can be divided into four
areas:
- reducing energy in use
- minimizing external pollution and environmental damage
- reducing embodied energy and resource depletion
- minimizing internal pollution and damage to health
(http://www.ukessays.com/essays/environmental-sciences/energy-efficient-andenvironmentally-friendly-buildings-environmental-sciences-essay.php)

1.7 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This study introduces new ways of redesigning a Public Market through
Sustainable design.
Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of Sustainable redevelopment
of Cogon Public Market. As shown, it deals with economical sustainability,
environmental sustainability and social sustainability which is in consideration of
the study that serve as the components of the facilities.

The study then came up with proposed solution which all summed up
economic, environmental, social sustainability and the concept of sustainable
development then integrating them with the LEED.

DESIGN ANALYSIS

ECONOMIC
ENVIRONMENTAL
SOCIAL
SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITY

LEED

PRELIMINARY ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

&
SKETCH
Figure 1. The Conceptual Framework CHAPTER
Design of theIISustainable Redevelopment of Cogon
Market.
REVIEW OFPublic
RELATED
LITERATURE
A study or survey was conducted in the province of Bohol regarding
operations of public markets. The study states In the summary of findings that
perceptions of mayor, treasurers and market vendors regarding the effectivity of

FINAL DESIGN SOLUTION OF SUSTAINABLE REDEVELOPMENT OF CO

the implementation of the existing laws, rules, regulations and strategies relative
to the administration and operation of public markets:
1. In most cases, political influences goes into the public markets

10

2. Some existing laws, rules and regulations are found by administrators

of public markets to be ineffective and no longer attuned to the present
needs.
3. The laws, rules and regulations governing the operation of the public
markets are scattered making it difficult for the administration
especially if they do not experience
4. Public markets are not given emphasis in the allocation and placement
of personnel.
5. There are no definite instructions on the facilities needed in the public
market, its use and disposal
Foreign Literature
A study entitled Profiting from the Past had inserted in one of the
architectural record. According to the study that the role of the shopping must
reflect in our lives. For many consumers, the selection of merchandise is a
creative art, the process through which they design their own environment,
choosing colors, textures, and shapes that surrounds them. Shopping center has
become the forum, the town common, and the main street of modern America.

From the architects vantage point, design for retail use has been
attractive. Financial incentive is an uncertain economy has no doubt affected his
change of attitude. The architects current preoccupation with the context and
history also meshes neatly with the retailers growing interest in mixed use
projects recycling. Merchants today not only see the romance and prestige of
distinguished of proven worth, especially as eligible sites for development
become ever more scarce in populous area. According to Douglas Bremmer that
each project must create a place where people like to gather even theyre just
looking. The structure satisfies the demands also obey a centuries-old formula for
market buildings. Open public market hall had adaptable shed extensions.

2.2.1 GOVERNORS GREEN GOVERNMENT COUNCIL

11

There are many definitions of what a green building is or does.

Definitions may range from a building that is not as bad as the average
building in terms of its impact on the environment or one that is notably
better than the average building, to one that may even represent a
regenerative process where there is actually an improvement and
restoration of the site and its surrounding environment. The ideal green
project preserves and restores habitat that is vital for sustaining life and
becomes a net producer and exporter of resources, materials, energy and
water rather than being a net consumer. A green building is one whose
construction and lifetime of operation assure the healthiest possible
environment while representing the most efficient and least disruptive use
of land, water, energy and resources. The optimum design solution is one
that effectively emulates all of the natural systems and conditions of the
pre-developed site after development is complete.

Identify ways to reduce the amount of materials used and reduce the
amount of waste generated through the implementation of a construction
waste reduction plan. Adopt a policy of waste equals food whereby 75%
or more of all construction waste is separated for recycling and used as
feedstock for some future product rather than being landfilled. Implement
an aggressive construction waste recycling program and provide separate,
clearly labeled dumpsters for each recycled material. Train all crews and
subcontractors on the policy and enforce compliance.

Maximize the use of natural daylighting. Optimize solar orientation and

design the building to maximize penetration of natural daylight into
interior spaces. Provide shades or daylight controls where needed.

12

Optimize passive solar orientation, building massing and use of external

shading devices such that the design of the building minimizes undesirable
solar gains during the summer months while maximizing desirable solar
gains during winter months.

Recognize that the least costly, least time consuming and most
environmentally preferable design for site and storm water management is
often the one in which the design of buildings and site improvements
respect the existing natural flows and features of the land, instead of
designing the building and site improvements with total disregard for the
site, which results in needless, extensive, disruptive, costly and time
consuming excavation and earthmoving.

Make more efficient use of space in existing occupied buildings, renovate

and re-use existing vacant buildings, sites, and associated infrastructure
and consider re-development of brownfield sites. Design buildings and
renovations to maximize future flexibility and reuse thereby expanding
useful life.
(http://www.epa.gov/statelocalclimate/documents/pdf/12_8_what_is_gree
n_GGGC.pdf)

2.2.2 SAN MATEO COUNTYWIDE SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS

GUIDELINES
These guidelines are intended for people planning new
construction and renovationprojects. The environmental impacts of
construction and the opportunities to benefit from handling them well
are proportional to every project, from a small addition to your house to a
large new office building. Every project is unique, so if some checklist
items do not fit with the specifics of your site or program, focus on
accomplishing ones that are appropriate for your project. The right-hand

13

columns on the checklist identify items that are appropriate to each

building type.
This booklet is also for members of the building industry:
architects, engineers, buildingcontractors, and others. Green building is a
relatively new part of what clients are asking for, and professionals are at
different levels of skill in providing green buildings.This booklet may
introduce new ideas or serve as a jumping-off point for discussions with
clients, colleagues, and consultants. We have solicited the input of many
building industry members from San Mateo County and beyond in
compiling this informationand we hope that their experience will be
helpful to you.
(http://www.recycleworks.org/greenbuilding/gbg_intro.html)

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
The purpose of this study is to improve the Existing Cogon Public market
into a sustainable building and to promote healthful, durable, affordable, and
environmentally sound practices in building design and construction.
The three purposes of this chapter are to (1) describe the research methodology of
this study, (2) explain the site selection, and (3) architectural design method.
3.1 Research
A descriptive research methodology was used for this study. The
descriptive research attempts to describe, explain and interpret conditions of the
present i.e. what is. The purpose of a descriptive research is to examine a
phenomenon that is occurring at a specific place(s) and time. A descriptive
research is concerned with conditions, practices, structures, differences or

14

relationships that exist, opinions held processes that are going on or trends that are
evident.
In this study, the descriptive research is used so as to identify the
significance of the interviews that the researcher has done. The researcher opted
to use this research method bearing in mind the objective to attain first-hand data
from the respondents. The descriptive research is advantageous for the researcher
due to flexibility. This research can use qualitative or quantitative data gathering.

3.2 Site Selection

After the problem, next step is the site selection. There are several issues
to be consider and gather more information about the site that may assist the
proponent analyze and plan well if there are needs to be done and if the selected
site is really achievable. The data needed for the site are map of the area, land use
map, city development plan and accessibility/road map.
The proposed Sustainable Redevelopment of Cogon Public Market is
located within Cagayan de Oro City at Barangay 33 which known as cogon.

15

Barangay 33 is one of the urban barangays in Cagayan de Oro City.

Figure 2. Barangay 33 Area

3.3 Architectural Design Method

The researcher categorizes the Architectural Design Methods into (1)
SUBSTANCE, (2) AESTHETIC and (3) VIABILITY.

16

(1)

The first architectural design method of this study is through sustainable

development which attempts to reduce the collective environmental impacts
during the production of building components, during the reconstruction process,
as well as during the lifecycle of the building (heating, electricity use, etc.) This
design practice emphasizes efficiency of heating and cooling systems; alternative
energy sources such as solar hot water, appropriate building siting, reused or
recycled building materials; on-site power generation - solar technology, ground
source heat pumps, wind power; rainwater for gardening; and on-site waste
management such as green roofs that filter and control storm water runoff.

(2)

The form or the appearance of the building should relate to the culture of the
community. Culture is a strong part of people's lives. It influences their views,
their values and their productivity. The building materials Building materials
should also be extracted and manufactured locally to the building site to minimize
the energy embedded in their transportation. Where possible, building elements
should be manufactured off-site and delivered to site, to maximise benefits of offsite manufacture including minimising waste, maximising recycling (because
manufacture is in one location), high quality elements, better OHS management,
less

noise

and

dust.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_building#Materials_efficiency)

(3)

This would involve determining whether it is technologically possible to achieve

and whether it is practical in the current technological, economical and social
scenario. The feasibility report does not provide a simple "Yes" or "No" answer,
but is used in the analysis of a decision. It is not just a tool to provide a
recommendation, it is also used to gather data and give reasoning behind the
recommendation given, to be later used in evaluation.

17