Despus de haber construido un localizador de direcciones, ya est listo para que coincida con
las direcciones. Usted puede encontrar cualquiera de las direcciones individuales o cargar una
tabla de direcciones de entrada. Al coincidir con las direcciones, el resultado es una o muchas
ubicaciones de los puntos en el mapa con la ubicacin encontrado.
Los usuarios de SIG tienden a pensar en direcciones como lugares de la calle. Sin embargo,
para los propsitos de geocodificacin, nombres de lugares como Lexington, lugares de inters
como Minute Man National Historical Park, e incluso los identificadores nicos, como cdigos
postales o las identificaciones de paquetes se puede considerar una direccin. Estos tipos de
direcciones pueden ser utilizados para encontrar cualquiera de los puntos o polgono
caractersticas. Por ejemplo, marcadores de milla nicos a lo largo de una carretera se pueden
utilizar para encontrar la ubicacin de una seccin de carretera que necesita mantenimiento. O
un edificio especfico se puede encontrar por su nombre en un campus universitario.
ArcGIS Dekstop users can share a custom address locator either as a locator package (.gpk) to ArcGIS
Online or as a geocoding service to ArcGIS for Server.
ArcGIS Dekstop users can download a locator package for local use of an address locator or access the
World Geocode Service from ArcGIS Online. Additionally, they can also access a geocoding service from
ArcGIS for Server.
ArcGIS Online users can access the World Geocode Service or a geocoding service from ArcGIS for
Server.
The process of geocoding is done through an address locator. An address locator contains rules for
interpreting addresses and the reference data, usually a street network. One or many addresses can be
typed into an address locator and the results are generated as points on a map.
Standardizing addresses
A veces los datos de direcciones que figuran en los datos de referencia pueden necesitar un
poco de preparacin antes de geocodificacin. Por ejemplo, la informacin de direccin puede
estar contenido en un solo campo, o los elementos de direccin podra usar una variedad de
abreviaturas o grafas. El proceso utilizado para descomponer una direccin en elementos que
se pueden utilizar para la geocodificacin se llama normalizacin. Este proceso se romper una
direccin en las piezas estndar requeridos por un localizador especfico, tales como nmero
de casa, nombre de la calle, la direccin prefijo, sufijo de direccin, y el tipo de calle. Una vez
creadas estas partes de la direccin, los valores estn normalizados por lo que "Occidente" se
convierte en "W" o "Avenida" se convierte en "AVE".
You see a map of Lincoln, Nebraska, containing both schools and parks.
In this step, you will create a pair of simple address locators to reference specific
features (in this case, schools and parks).
In the Catalog window, browse to ..\Student\Geocoding10_1, right-click
MyLocators, and choose New > Address Locator.
For Address Locator Style, choose General Single Field.
For Reference Data, choose School Centroids.
Change the Role to Primary Table.
Make sure that KeyField is set to Name.
For Output Address Locator, browse
to ..\Student\Geocoding10_1\MyLocators and create a locator named Schools.
Click OK.
Create another General Single Field locator named Parks in
your ..\Student\Geocoding10_1\MyLocators folder.
In this step, you will test the two address locators you created earlier.
If necessary, display the Geocoding toolbar.
On the Geocoding toolbar, select the Schools locator.
Find and create callouts for the following locations:
The schools should be located on the map. Typing a location into the address box is a
fast way to locate features or addresses using your locators.
Delete all the graphics elements.
Remind me how
Click Edit > Select All Elements, and then, on the Standard toolbar, press the Delete key.
Even though the parks are polygon features, they are found by the locator.
Delete all the graphics elements.
In the table of contents, turn off School Centroids, School Property, and Parks.
In addition to creating locators to find specific features, you can also create address
locators to identify precise locations, such as individual buildings or lots. In this step,
you will standardize your addresses within a lots feature class to prepare for creating
such a locator.
If necessary, display the Search window (click the Search Window button
on
HouseNum
PreDir
PreType
StreetName
SufType
SufDir
Click OK.
Once the tool is finished processing, close the Standardize Addresses dialog.
Open the table for StLots.
View result
The addresses have been split into multiple fields and standardized.
Close the table.
Step 6: Create a locator to find individual properties
In this step, you will create an address locator using the Single House style to find lots,
where each lot represents a specific address. This locator style uses feature classes with
polygon or point geometry as reference data.
Create a new US Address Single House locator in
the ..\Student\Geocoding10_1\MyLocators folder, using the following
parameters:
Alias Name
Feature ID
ObjectID
House Number
ADDR_HN
Prefix Direction
ADDR_PD
Prefix Type
ADDR_PT
Street Name
ADDR_SN
Suffix Type
ADDR_ST
Suffix Direction
ADDR_SD
866 S 30 St
3116 Randolph St
2400 N St
View result
Notice that the points fall within the parcels, providing a more precise location for
addresses than if you had used a streets-based locator.
Save the map document
in ..\Student\Geocoding10_1\MyData as FeatureLocators.mxd.
Exit ArcMap.