Science

14+ ENTRY INTO YEAR 10 ENTRANCE EXAM

2012

Time allowed : 1 hour

Name:

BIOLOGY

1.

The diagrams show maize plants grown from seeds sown at different distances from each
other.

(a)

Write down two differences you can see between plants A and B.

1.
..................................................................................................................
.........

.....................................................................................................................................

2.
..................................................................................................................
.........

.....................................................................................................................................

(2)

(b)

The differences are caused by competition between the maize plants.

The maize plants are competing for light. The maize plants are also

competing for ............................................................................................................

and ............................................................................................................................

(2)
(Total 4 marks)

2.

The diagrams show a cheek cell from a human and a leaf cell from a plant.

Cheek cell

Leaf cell

(a)

The two cells have a number of parts in common.

(i)

On the cheek cell, label three of these parts which both cells have.

(3)

(ii)

In the table, write the names of the three parts you have labelled above and
describe the main function of each part.

Part

Function

..................................

..................................

..................................
(3)

(b)

Blood contains white cells and red cells. State the function of each type of cell in
the blood.

White cells .................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
Red cells ....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(2)
(Total 8 marks)

3.

A student pedalled an exercise cycle at constant speed for 5 minutes. The students heart
rate was recorded at one-minute intervals during the exercise and also during recovery.

The results are shown in the graph.

Exercise

Recovery

130

120

110

Heart rate
in beats 100
per minute
90

80

70

60

50

5
6
7
8
Time in minutes

10

11

12

13

14

15

(a)

Describe, in as much detail as you can, the changes in heart rate between 0 and 14
minutes.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(3)

(b)

How do arteries supplying the leg muscles alter the rate of blood flow through
them during exercise?

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(1)


(c)

Explain how an increase in heart rate helped the student during exercise.

.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 8 marks)

CHEMISTRY

1.a)Sulphurhasameltingpointof118Candaboilingpointof444C.

Whatwouldbethephysicalstateofsulphurat300C?

(1)

...............................................................................................................................................................
Explainyouranswer

(1)

...............................................................................................................................................................

b)Whensulphurburnsinair,achemicalreactionoccurs.

Howcanyoutellfromthisdiagramthatsulphurisanelement?

(1)

...............................................................................................................................................................

Howcanyoutellfromthisdiagramthatachemicalreactionhasoccurred?

(1)

...............................................................................................................................................................

Suggestthenameandformulaoftheproductinthisreaction.

(2)

...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

Explain,usingthediagramabove,whythetotalmassalwaysremainsunchangedafterachemical
reactionhasoccurred.

(1)

...............................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................

2.Lindahadapieceofredsandstone.Shehammereditintosmallerpiecesandthengroundthem
intoapowderusingapestleandmortar.

Sheputthepowderintoameasuringcylinderwithwaterandshookthemixture.Thecontents
settled.

a)Lindasaidherresultsshowedthatsandstoneisamixtureoftwosubstances.

Howcouldshetell,fromtheresults,thatsandstoneisamixtureofsubstances?

(1)

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................
b)Lindathenpouredthecloudywaterfromthemixturethroughfilterpaperintoafilterfunnel.

Shesaidtheremightbemoresaltsdissolvedinthecolourless,clearliquidthatcamethroughthe
filter.

i)WhatcouldLindadotofindoutifthereweresaltsdissolvedinthecolourless,clearliquid?

(1)

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................
ii)Whatwouldsheseeiftherehadbeensaltsdissolvedinthecolourless,clearliquid?

(1)

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

c)Sandstoneisasedimentaryrock.
Fourstagesintheformationofsedimentaryrockarelistedbelow. Theyarenotinthecorrect
order.

compacteddepositedweatheredtransported

Putthesestagesinthecorrectorder.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.
Stage1

(1)

..............weathered...............

Stage2 ................................................
Stage3 ................................................
Stage4 ................................................

3.Marblechips(mostlycalciumcarbonate)whenheatedstrongly,willformanewwhitepowderas
oneoftheproducts.Anexperimentwascarriedouttoseehowthemasschangedwhendifferent
massesofmarblechipswereheated.

Thefollowingresultswereobtained:

Massofmarblechips( g )

Mass ofwhitesolidformed(g)

0.30

0.17

0.80

0.45

1.25

0.70

1.60

1.00

2.00

1.12

2.40

1.35

a)Plottheseresultsonthegraphpaperbelow.

(2)

b)Onthegraphcircletheresultwhichdoesnotfitthepattern.

(1)

c)Suggestoneexperimentalreasonwhythisresultmayhavebeenincorrect.

(1)

...............................................................................................................................................................

d)Drawalineofbestfitthroughtheotherfivepoints.

(1)

e)Themassdecreasesascarbondioxidegasisreleasedasthecalciumcarbonate(CaCO3)is
decomposedbytheheatintocalciumoxide.Writeabalancedsymbolequationtoshowthis
reaction.

(2)

..........................................................................>...............................................................................

f)Useyourgraphtodeterminethemassofwhitesolidwhichformsif1.90gofmarblechipsis
heated.(1)
...............................................................................................................................................................

g)Nowcalculatethemassofcarbondioxidegasgivenoffwhen1.90gofmarbleisheated.

(1)

...............................................................................................................................................................

Totalmarksforthissection=20

PHYSICS

1.

The table gives values of distance and time for a car moving along a road.

Distance in metres

20

40

60

80

100

Time in seconds

(a)

Draw a graph of distance against time.

Two of the points have been plotted for you.

100

80

60
Distance
in metres

40

20

3
Time in seconds

(3)

(b)

Use your graph to find:

(i)

the distance moved by the car in 2.5 seconds

distance =....................metres

(1)

(ii)

how many seconds it takes the car to move 30 metres.

time =.......................seconds

(1)

(c)

Complete this sentence by crossing out the two lines in the box that are wrong.

slowing down

(1)

The car is

moving at a steady speed

speeding up

(d)

Drinking alcohol makes a persons reactions slower.

Explain why it is a bad idea for people to drink alcohol before driving a car.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(2)
(Total 8 marks)

2.

A sky-diver jumps from a plane.

The sky-diver is shown in the diagram below.

(a)

Arrows X and Y show two forces acting on the sky-diver as he falls.

(i)

Name the forces X and Y.

X ..........................................................

Y ..........................................................

(2)

(ii)

Explain why force X acts in an upward direction.

..........................................................................................................................
.

..........................................................................................................................
.

(1)

(iii) At first forces X and Y are unbalanced.

Which of the forces will be bigger? .......................................

(1)

(iv)

How does this unbalanced force affect the sky-diver?

.................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................

(b)

After some time the sky-diver pulls the rip cord and the parachute opens.

The sky-diver and parachute are shown in the diagram below.

After a while forces X and Y are balanced.

Underline the correct answer in each line below.
Force X has
increased / stayed the same / decreased.

Force Y has

increased / stayed the same / decreased.

The speed of the sky-diver will

increase / stay the same / decrease.

(3)
(Total 8 marks)

3.

(a)

Combing dry hair with a plastic comb makes the comb become positively charged.

Why does the comb become positively charged?

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

(1)

(b)

Two objects are drawn in each of the boxes A, B and C. Each object is positively
charged, negatively charged or uncharged.

Write under each box whether the two objects will:

repel each other;

attract each other;

do nothing.

(3)

(Total 4 marks)

4.

The diagram shows a ray of light travelling through a glass block.

NORMAL

air

glass

light ray

(a)

Complete the diagram to show what happens to the ray of light when it comes out
of the glass.

(b)

Explain why this happens to the ray of light.

(1)

.....................................................................................................................................

(1)
(Total 2 marks)

5.

The diagram represents part of an electromagnetic wave.

(a)

Mark on the wave:

(i)

a wavelength;

(1)

(ii)

the amplitude of the wave.

(1)

(b)

The frequency of a wave is the number of waves produced each second.

What are the units of frequency?

....................................................................................................................................

(1)

(Total 3 marks)

6.

Two students collect data from the Internet about planets in the Solar System.

The table shows the data that they collect about the first six planets.

Distance from
the Sun in
arbitrary units

Time for one

orbit of the Sun
in years

Mean surface
temperature of
the planet in C

Mercury

0.4

0.2

+ 125

Venus

0.7

0.6

+ 465

Earth

1.0

1.0

+ 22

Mars

1.5

1.9

48

Jupiter

5.2

11.9

Saturn

9.6

29.5

Name of planet

180

(a)

One student says that the mean surface temperature of planets gets less the further
they are from the Sun. The other student agrees but says that one planet does not
fit the pattern.

Which planet does not fit the pattern ?

.....................................................................................................................................

(1)

(b)

Estimate a value for the mean surface temperature of Jupiter.

Mean surface temperature of Jupiter = .............................. C

(1)

(c)

Use words from the box to complete the following conclusion reached using the
data in the table.

You can use the words once, more than once or not at all.

decreases

increases

stays the same

As the distance from the Sun to a planet ....................................................................

the time taken for the planet to orbit the Sun .............................................................

(1)

(Total 3 marks)

7.

Use equation:

wave speed = frequency x wavelength

Calculate the speed of a sound wave with a frequency of 250 Hz and a wavelength
of 1.3m.

Show how you get to your answer and give the unit.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

Speed = ........................................................

(2)
(Total 2 marks)