Spanish Speak

LEVEL 1 :

mi nombre : my name
numero de telfono:
number of telephone

tu amigo : your friend

mi : my

el : the (male)

mi amigo : my friend

de : of

numero de telfono
de mi amigo : my
friend's telephone
number (telephone
number of my friend)
nombre de mi amigo :
name of my friend
tu : your (informal)
el nombre de tu
amigo: name of your
friend
la : the (female)

ARTICLES: Number
and gender.

Spanish uses different

articles for different
genders and number
(singular/plural).
Following articles are all
used as the English
'the'.

el: single ,
masculine
los: single ,

masculine/neutral

la: single , feminine

las: plural ,
feminine
lo: singular ,
neutral.

hermano: brother

el nombre de tu
hermano: name of
your brother

su : your (formal)

Level 2

Two forms of
you:

Spanish has two

forms of you :

usted: used in
formal settings, to
show respect or
where the person is
not close to the
speaker.

t: used in informal
settings, and
conveys intimacy,
closeness to the

speaker.

Similarly 'your' has

two different forms
-

su (formal)

and tu (informal).
Notice the different
accent on u in tu vs
t.
Verbs too adopt
different forms with

the two forms of

you. ex: one would
say - usted es
Pedro and

eres Pedro.

Su amigo de la india:
your friend from india

su hermano: your
brother

es :

is(permenant/existen
tial)

para : for

para mi : for me

telfono de la india
para su hermano:
telephone from india
for your brother

y : and

coche: car

telfono de la india y
coche de espania:
telephone from india
and car from spain

este es mi coche :
this is my car

estoy bien: i am fine

eso es genial: that is

great

el : he

el vs l

Two words which

apparently look the
same but have
different accents on
characters could
mean two
completely different

things.

el: is an article, like

the english 'the',
used with
masculine nouns.

l: is a pronoun and
could mean 'he' or
'it'.

el : the

l es espa~nol : he is

spanish

este: this

este es mi coche: this

is my car

eso: that

eso es tu coche: that

is your car

bien: well/fine

esta: is(temporary)

es ve est

Spanish has two

different words
which mean 'is'
(to be - es and
est. Their stem is
ser and estar
respectively.
However there is
a subtle

difference in their
meaning and
usage. Where es
is used for
permanent
qualities name, occupation,
time , relationship
ect, est is used
for temporary

ones - place,
action, emotion
etc.
One should be
careful, as choice
of one of the two
forms could mean
different things.
As in - Soy
cansado means I

am a tired person
Estoy cansado
means i am tired.

Esta and Est

Esta means
this

Est means
isused for
temporary

qualities,
locations and
action.

this has a
number of
different forms
depending on
gender and
where it is used.

Esta: feminine

used alone
(pronoun) as in
this is a girl

sta: feminine
used before
noun (adjective)
as in this girl

Este: masculine,
used alone
(pronoun) as in

this is a man

ste: masculine,
used before
noun (adjective)
as in this man

Esto: neutral

stas and estes

are the plural
form implying
these.

l est bien: he is
fine

l est en nueva
york: he is in new
york

En: in

Soy: I am
(permanent/existenti
al)

Estoy: I am

(temporary)

Estoy en el coche: I
am in the car

Soy un estudiante: I
am a student

Estoy bien: I am fine

l es un amigo: he is
a friend

Soy julia: I am julia

Usted: you
o

Two fprms of
you

Spanish has two

forms of you

usted used in
formal settings,
to show respect
or where the

person is not
close to the
speaker.

T : used in
informal
settings, and
conveys
intimacy,
closeness to the
speaker.

Similarly your
has two different
forms

Su (formal) and
tu (informal).
Notice the
different accent
on u in tu vs t.

Verbs too adopt

different forms

with the two

forms of you.
Ex: one would
say usted es
Pedro and

eres Pedro.

Usted es Peter:you
are peter

Usted es mi amigo:
you are my friend

Mi amigo est en
nueva york: my
friend is in new york

Mi amigo es
estudiante: my
friend is a student

Usted est bien: you

are fine

Usted est en el
coche: you are in the

car

La vida: (the) life

Esta es mi vida: this

is my life

Level 2:
1.

Let us see how to

ask questions in
spanish now

Dnde est el
coche? : where is the
car ?

Dnde : where?

Cul es su nombre? :
what is your name?

Cul : what?

Quin es su amigo? :
who is your friend ?

Quin : who?

De dnde eres?:
where are you from ?

Dnde est el coche

de tu hermano? :
where is your
brothers car ?

De dnde es tu

amigo? : where is
your friend from ?

De quin es este
nmero de
telfono ? :whose
phone number is
this?

Cmo est? : how are

you ?

Cmo ? : how?

Cul : which/what?

Cul es su nombre? :
what is his name ?

Cmo es india? : how

is india?

Cuyo coche es esto? :

whose car is this ?

Cuyo : whose?

Let us do some

quick check of
what we have
learnt so far

Bien : well

Tu : your

Hermano : brother

Amigo : friend

Mi : my

Est : is

.Coche :

car

Cmo : how

.Este :

this

De : of

.Eso :

that

Hola : hello

Buenos dias : good

morning/day

Gracias : thank you

Buenas tardes : good

afternoon

Buenas noches : good

night

Mucho gusto :
pleasure (meeting
you )

Encantado : delighted
(to meet you)

Por favor : please

Perdn : excuse me

Lo siento : sorry

Adios : good bye

LEVEL 3:
Let us look at
the numbers
in Spanish

Uno :1

.Seis :6

Dos :2

.Siete :7

Tres :3

.Ocho :8

Cuatro :4

.Nueve :9

Cinco : 5

.Diez :10

Next we learn
different forms
of a few verbs .

Verbs change
form depending
on person, tense
and number. Did
you realize es
and soy are
different forms
of the same

verb?

Hablo : I speak

Hablo ingls : I speak

english

Habla espaol : you

speak spanish

Hablas espaol?: do
you speak spanish?

Quiero hablas

espaol: I want to
speak spanish

Quiero hablar con

usted en espaol: I
want to speak to you
in spanish

Habla ingls : he
speaks english

Tu hermano habla
ingls : your brother

speaks english

Comprar : buy

Quiero comprar un
coche: I want to buy a
car

Quieres comprar: you

want to buy

l quiere comprar un
coche: he wants to
buy a car

(i) buy : compro

He buys: el compra

Ir : to go

Quiero ir a la india: I
want to go to india

Ir a espaa : go to
spain

Voy a la india: I go to
india

Cmo ir a espaa? :
how do you go to
spain?

Voy a espaa por mi

coche: I go to spain
by my car

Mi hermano va a
nueva york: my
brother goes to new
york

A dnde vas?: where

do you go?

l va a nueva york en
coche: he goes to
new york by a car

Mastering
verbs is the
most critical
part of learning

spanish. If you
master this,
picking up
everything else
will be verry
easy. Let us
look at a few
more handy

verbs and verb

forms.

Dnde comprar un
telfono? : where do
you buy a phone?

Caf : coffee

Tienda : shop

Quiero ir a una tienda

de caf: I want to go

to a coffee shop

Hacer : make

Quiero hacer caf : I

want to make coffee

Puede : can

Puedo ir a la india : I
can go to india

Puedes comprar un
coche : you can buy a

car

Usted peudo comprar

un coche: you can
buy a car

Podrias comprar un
coche : you could buy
a car

Usted podria comprar

un coche : you could
buy a car

Puede usted hacer

caf ? : can you make
coffee?

Barato : cheap

Tener : to have

Tengo : (i) have

Tengo un coche : I
have a car

Casa : house

Tienes una casa : you

have a house

Si : yes

No : no

Level 4:

Ahora : now

Casa de Pedro :
Pedros house

Hoy : today

Mi casa est en espaa : my

house is in spain

Venir : come

Venir a mi casa hoy :

come to my house
today

Quiere ir a su casa
ahora : he wants to
go to your house now

Este telfono es
barato : this phone is
cheap

Venir aqui : come

here

Aqui est tu
telfono : here is
your phone

Conducir : drive

Quiero conducir su

coche : I want to
drive your car

Comer : eat

Quiero comer una

hamburguesa : I want
to eat a burger

l come una
hamburguesa : he
eats a burger

Estoy conduciendo :I

am driving

Estoy hablando : I am
speaking

Estoy comiendo : I am
eating

Maana : tomorrow

Ms tarde : later

Un poco : a little

Conducire ste coche

maana : I will drive

the car tomorrow

Hablare con usted

maana : I will speak
to you tomorrow

Comer un poco : I
will eat a little

Hablo un poco de
espaol : I speak a
little spanish

Puedo tener un poco

de esa
hamburguesa ? : can I
have a little of that
burger?

Usted habla ingls? :

do you speak
english ?
o

Before we jump
into our next
exercise, let us

brush up what we
have learnt so far.

Soy de nueva york :I

am from new york

Ares de argentina:
you are from
argentina

Hablo un poco de
ingls : I speak
english a little

Puedes conducir mi
coche? : can you
drive my car ?

Soy un estudiante : I
am a student

Qu haces? : what do
you do/make ?

A qu te dedicas?
:what do you do
(generaly)

Yo tambin: I too (me

too)

Yo tambine soy de
nueva york : I too am
from new york

Yo tambine tengo un
coche: I also have a
car

Yo tambine te
quiero: I love you too

Level 5
Adjectives&Adverbs
Let us look at some
common adjectives
now.

Blanco : white

Negro : black
.Verde:green

Coche blanco : white

car

Vestido negro : black

dress

rboles verdes :
greem trees

Dulce : sweet

Pastel dulce : sweet

cake

Pastel verde : green

cake

Agrio : sour

Uvas agrias : sour

grapes

Salado : salty

Cacahuetes salados :
salty peanuts

rboles : trees

Vestido : dress

Rpido : fast

Lento : slow

Coche lento : slow car

Caminar lento : walk

slow

Correr rpido : run

fast

Alto : tall

Hombre alto camina

rpido : tall man
walks fast

Corto : short

Alto arvoles: tall

trees
Next we take up
words and patterns.

Yo : i

Hablo ingls : I speak

english

Yo hablo ingls :I
speak english
o

Omitting subject
(doer)

In spanish you may

omit a pronoun
subject as it gets
conveyed by the verb

form
Ex: yo hablo ingles or
hablo ingles mean
the same
Tu hablas ingls and
hablas ingls are
equivalent

Habla ingls : you

(formal) speak enlish

Usted habla ingls :

you (formal) speak

english

Hablas ingls : you

(informal) speak
english

Tu hablas ingls : you

(informal) speak
english

Ver : see

Te veo : (i) see you

Te vs t vs ti

T: t is used for
you as a subject:
tt eres espan`ol
(you are spanish)

Te : te is used for
you as an object :
te amo (I love u)

Ti : ti is used for
you if it comes

after a preposition:
esto es para ti: this
is for you

Que :
that(conjunction)

Brillar :to shine

Ropas brillantes :
shiny clothes

Flores te huelen bien:

flowers that smell

good

Huele bien: smells

good

l dice que est bien :

he says that he is fine

Qu : what
o

Qu vs que

Que :que means

that and is used

as a conjunction
o

Qu : mean what
and is used in
question

Cul : which/what
o

Qu vs Cul

Both qu and cul

have similar
meaning, though it
could be said that

qu is closer to
what and cul is
closer to which in
meaning. If one
intends to imply
which (of the many
options), one always
uses cul. In case the
intended meaning is
what, the word

depends more on
conversation.

Use qu when asking

for a
definition/description
qu es un nombre
(what is in a name)

Use qu when it is
followed by a noun
qu color es este

(what color is this)

Use cul otherwise

cul es su nombre
( what is your name)

There are some

idiomatic exceptions
which you will pick up
with time.

Por : by

Por qu? : why

Porque : because

Pero : but

Del : of (the)

Al : to the

Hay : there

Hay una cosa que te

quiero decir : there is
one thing that I want
to tell you

Hablo ingls, pero

lentamente : I speak
english but slowly

Quieres un poco de
pastel? : do you want
some cake

Me : me

Amor : love

Me amas : love me

Te : you(object)

Te amo: (i) love you

Dar : to give

Te doy un telfono : I
give you a phone

Extraar : to miss

Gusta : to please

Me gusta : I like
(literally) it pleases

me
o

Verb and order of

words

In spanish the most

common order of
words with respct to
verb is subject verb
object. Ex: t hablas
ingls : you speak
english

However, if the object

is a pronoun then the
order becomessubject object verb.
Yo te doy mi telfono:
I give you my phone
where object te
(you) comes before
verb doy (give)

Verbs like gustar can

cause confusion. To
say I like , you
would say me gusta
which may appear
odd. These words
actually do not have
the same meaning as
in english me (i) is
not a subject but an
object of the gusta. A

better english
translation would be
(it) pleases m.

Yo quiero : I want

Te gusta : you like

Te gustan los pastel :

you like cakes

Las : the (plural,

feminine)

Los : the
(plural,masculine)

Me gusta hablar : I
like speaking

Me gustaria hablar
con usted: I would
like to speak to you

Te gusta mi coche : I
like my car

Te gustan los pastel:

you like cakes

Le : you, him, her

(object)

respeto : respect

le respeto : I respect
you

les dan el telfono :

give them the phone

la amas : love her

lo amas : love him

amarlo : love him

amarlos : love them

te gusta mi coche :
you like my car

Level 6
Now we learn how to
say no