and TOSHIYUKI
TSUJIMOT03
1
2
1086
cloves. The manual operation takes about 370 hlha, while the
mechanical operation takes about 11 hlha (Menezes Sobrinho
1984).
The garlic average yield in Brazil is approximately 4 ton/ha
(Fundao IBGE 1983). However, if a farmer can manage good
cultivation under the best clirnate and sufficient soil condition, it
is possible to obtain an average production of 10 to 12 tonlha.
The high productivity and economic value of garlic in BraziI is
one of the most profitable vegetable crops.
The main objectives of this work were to develop a one-row
garlic seeder manual prototype, to evaluate the clove distribution
system.
The garlic seeder prototype (Fig. 1 and 2) was assembled on
two bicycle wheels of 508 mm diameter. The rear wheel drives
the movement of the clove distribution system by a sprocket
wheel ~ = 46 teeth. In this case, the rear wheel also function as
a clutch system. The clove distribution system can stop to work
any time and the machine can continue to move.
The metering device was made of two parts:
The first is the conveyor lug belt with length of 1833 mm,
width of 47 mm and thickness of 5 mm. It is joined by using belt
lacing and it has 35 foam lugs with length of 25 mm, width of
47 mm and thickness of 25 mm. They are glued and uniformly
distributed from 26 to 26 mm on the belt fIat surface.
The second is the speed transmition system. It is made of three
pulleys with inner diameter of 45 mrn, just one is the belt driving
pulley and they are made of plastic material. It still has a piece
with two united sprocket wheel, one ~ = 17 teeth and another
Z3 = 26 teeth. The belt driving pulley and the united sprocket
wheel are assembled on the same shaft with diameter of 16 mm
and Iength of 280 mm. This shaft is fixed by both sides in the
support plate.
The clove conveyor belt was designed to get equal clove
spacing for the japanese garlic variety, namely "White Rokuhen" ,
whose average size is 38 mm of length and 26 mm of thickness.
Therefore, the clove nominal spacing can be calculated as
follows:
Taking the diameter of the rear wheel DI = 508 mm, the
machine linear displacement for one rotation of wheel was:
1T
*508 mm
= 1596 mm;
1 round
---------
17 teeth
Pesq. agropec. bras., Braslia, 25(7):1085-1691,jul.
1990
2.7 rounds;
'4
Olrectfo" 01 travei
g
<
tTl
(v
O
"'O
aro
965
tTl
~
O
'"I:I
;I>
Z
m
::E
o
;I>
~
r
()
a"
~
Ol
1600
~
.F'
1835
I-.)
VI
O
00
VI
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Drivlng",", wI1eel D,
Frontwl1eel
Hopper
Bolt
Criven puUey
Drivlng sprocket _
Z,
D Dlameter
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
Number
Z,
Z.
o' teeth
~
FIG. 1. Garlic seeder side view.
s
00
-....l
....
1.,
O
00
00
'8~
o:
~
0:1
i?
J>'
IV
~
~
00
Y'
(,Q
~
~....
:-rJ
(19
(,1
171
-----
\O
\O
'"
II
.'"
~
O
trl
0
:;o
o
::I:
;p
('1)
'6
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
FIG.2.
15)
,2
(7) Drivingsprocketwheel- Z,
(8) Orivensprocketwheel - Z2
(9) DrivensprocketwheeI- Z3
(10) Driving sprocket wheel- Z4
(11) Oriven sprocket wheel- Zs
(12) Gloveejector
Z - Numberof teeth
<:>
(13) Beltrear support
(14) Belt front support
(15) Support plate
(16) Mainframe
(17) Handle
(18) Furrowopner
(19) COvering
device
(:J~
JJ
l
I
~
....,
CIl
c::
....
....
a:
o
....,
o
1089
The belt lug pitch is 52 mm; in this case, 1 mm is added for the
belt tension, then the number of the dropped for one wheel
rotation was:
381,70 mm
52mm
= 7,34 cloves;
* 1000 mm
1596 mm
4.6 cloves/metre;
2.7 rounds
14 teeth
= 5.4 rounds
1090
00
the
% spacing
K
Nominal
spacing
S (mm)
Number
of
observat.
46:17
46:17
46:17
46:26
46:26
46:26
217,4
217,4
217,4
331,7
331,7
331,7
113
115
110
108
113
111
Treatm.
Acceptable
0,5 - 1,5S
(X CV)
Doubles
<0,5S
Gaps
>1,5S
66(213,0 0,18)
70(211,0 0,23)
56(209,7 0,25)
57(323,4 0,20)
72(322,3 0,21)
64(320,1 0,24)
14
21
26
15
19
20
20
9
18
28
9
16
1091
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Special recognition is given to staff of the Farm Machinery
Desgn .Course of Tsukuba Intemational Agricultura! Training
Centre - JICA, for the assistance towards conc1usion of this work.
REFERENCES
FUNDAO IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Censo agropecurio. Rio de
Janeiro, 1983. v.2, t.3, n.1, 492p. (IBGE. IX Recenseamento Geral
do Brasil, 1980).
MENEZES SOBRINHO, J.A. de; LOPES, C.A.; REIFSCHNEIDER,
F.J.B.; CHARCHAR, J.M.; CRISSTOMO, L.A.; CARRIJO,
O.A.; BARBOSA, S. Cultivo do alho (J..llium sativum L.), 2.ed.
Braslia, EMBRAPA-CNPH, 1984. 16p. (EMBRAPA-CNPH. Instrues Tcnicas, 2).
WARD, S.M. Perfonnance of a prototype fluid drill. Agric. Eng. Res.,
26(4):321-31,1981.
1990