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Title: Bluetooth Basic Functions

Objective:
Apparatus:

No

Type

Device

Bluetooth 2001 set

Master/Slave module
RF module
Headset
USB Cable
Antenna Cable

Laptop and mouse

Quantit
y
2
2
2
2
2
2

Theory:
Bluetooth technology is a short-range wireless communications technology to replace
the
cables connecting electronic devices, allowing a person to have a phone conversation via a
headset, use a wireless mouse and synchronize information from a mobile phone to a PC, all
using the same core system.The Bluetooth RF transceiver (or physical layer) operates in the
unlicensed ISM band centered at 2.4 gigahertz (the same range of frequencies used by
microwaves and Wi-Fi). The core system employs a frequency-hopping transceiver to combat
interference and fading.Let's say the master device is your mobile phone. All of the other devices
in your piconet are known as slaves. This could include your headset, GPS receiver, MP3 player,
car stereo, and so on.Devices in a piconet use a specific frequency-hopping pattern, which is
algorithmically determined by the master device. The basic hopping pattern is a pseudorandom
ordering of the 79 frequencies in the ISM band. The hopping pattern may be adapted to exclude a
portion of the frequencies that are used by interfering devices. The adaptive hopping technique
improves Bluetooth technology's coexistence with static (nonhopping) ISM systems, such as WiFi networks, when these are located in the vicinity of a piconet.

Procedure: Refer to lab sheet page 2 - 8

Result:
1)FTP
Steps
Click Reset button
Click FTP button
Select the Remote Address
Click Disconnect button

Conversation Window
Master
Slave
Message>slave
Message>FTP connection
complete
D7-3d-4c-24-OB-00
Message>disconnection
-

2) Chatting Process
Steps
Click Reset button
Click chatting button
Select the Remote Address
Click Disconnect button

Conversation Window
Master
Slave
Message>slave
Message>chatting connection
complete
D7-3d-4c-24-OB-00
Message>disconnection
-

3)Voice communication Procress


Steps
Click Reset button
Click voice button
Select the Remote Address
Connect headset jack on the
master and slave module
Click Disconnect button

Conversation Window
Master
Slave
Message>slave
Message>FTP connection
complete
D7-3d-4c-24-OB-00
Voice communication occurs
Message>disconnection

Discussion:
Based on the experiment, we know that Bluetooth is a wireless technology features lowbandwidth, short-range connection between two devices enabled to receive the data. Originally
conceived as a low-power short-range radio technology designed to replace cables for
interconnecting devices such as printers, keyboards, and mice, its perceived potential has
evolved into far more sophisticated usage models. Bluetooth device can form piconets of up to
seven slaves and one master, enabling discovery of services and subsequent implementation of
many varied usage models including wireless headsets, internet bridges, and wireless operations
such as file exchange, data synchronization, and printing.
Bluetooth sends and receives radio waves in a band of 79 different frequencies ( channels )
centered on 2.45 GHz, set apart from radio,television, and cellphones, and reserved for use by
industrial, scientific, and medical gadgets. Don't worry: you're not going to interfere with
someone's life-support machine by using Bluetooth in your home, because the low power of your
transmitters won't carry your signals that far! Bluetooth's short-range transmitters are one of its
biggest plus points. They use virtually no power and, because they don't travel far, are
theoretically more secure than wireless networks that operate over longer ranges, such as Wi-Fi.
(In practice, there are some security concerns.)Bluetooth devices automatically detect and
connect to one another and up to eight of them can communicate at any one time. They don't
interfere with one another because each pair of devices uses a different one of the 79 available
channels. If two devices want to talk, they pick a channel randomly and, if that's already taken,
randomly switch to one of the others (a technique known as spread-spectrum frequency
hopping ). To minimize the risks of interference from other electrical appliances (and also to
improve security), pairs of devices constantly shift the frequency they're usingthousands of
times a second.When a group of two or more Bluetooth devices are sharing information together,
they form a kind of ad-hoc, mini computer network called a piconet . Other devices can join or
leave an existing piconet at any time. One device (known as the master) acts as the overall
controller of the network, while the others (known as slaves) obey its instructions. Two or more
separate piconets can also join up and share information forming what's called a scatternet .
One advantage with Bluetooth working within a short range is that it only needs a tiny amount
of radio power to work, less than a thousandth' of a Watt. ( A torch light uses about 1 Watt to
light the bulb) so you can see this is a tiny amount of power. This means it is ideal for battery
operated devices such as mobile phones. Another advantage of Bluetooth is that it is completely
automatic - every Bluetooth enabled device will sense the presence of another device within
range. They can do this because they share a 'network protocol' that allows them to share data.
Another clever thing about the protocol is that it can reduce interference from other Bluetooth

devices that are also exchanging data nearby. For example if Sam's mobile is exchanging data
with Tom's mobile this will not interfere with Sarah's mobile also exchanging data with Mary's
mobile nearby.
Question:
1) Bluetooth is a standard for the short-range wireless interconnection of cellular phones,
computers and other electronic devices.
2) Reset button is a button that can reset a device. From the table we know that the reset
button reset the connection and determine the slave.
3) Disconnect button is used to stop or break the connection like a Bluetooth connection
between two or more devices.
4) The main function of a master is to send commands or transfer data to its slave via
Bluetooth connection.

Conclusion:
Bluetooth is a wireless technology for exchanging data over short distance. Using a special radio
frequency to transmit data, it creates a short range network. It is very secure and can connect up
to eight devices items of electronic equipment. Bluetooth connection works, first each device is
equipped with Bluetooth connectivity, a feature that requires both software and hardware
components. When two devices are equipped with Bluetooth, usually one of them will to be set
to be discoverable meaning itll show up list of Bluetooth devices in the area on your phone.
Reference:
1. http://atrf.info/papers/2013/2013_abedi_bhaskar_chung.pdf
2. http://wikipedia.org/bluetooth device
3. http://developer.apple.com/device.drivers/connection
4. http://learn.sparktun.com/bluetooth/cmnet

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