CASE STUDY 1:

Ronak bhanushali - 7

Kai Tak International cruise terminal, Hong Kong ,

China.

Introduction
The reason why I have chosen this case study is
1. To understand the relation of the cruise terminal with its surrounding context
2. To understand the planning of a terminal.
3. To study the articulation of a passenger cruise terminal and a mix of civic
facilities for the use of citizens in one building
4. The function offered is very similar to the type of terminal that I am trying to
design, hence design features can be picked from this particular case study.

Background:

The new Kai Tak Cruise Terminal is being constructed on the site of
Hong Kongs former airport, at the tip of the old runway.
Establishing Hong Kong as the preeminent regional hub for cruise
liners, the terminal will have capacity to berth two large 360-metrelong vessels, each with more than 4,000 passengers and over 2,000
crew, as well as anticipating the demands of a next generation of
larger ships.
The linear arrangement of light-filled passenger areas is characterized
by its clarity and ease of use. The terminal has a generous, rectangular
footprint and is arranged over three main levels.
Services are integrated with the structure and the different levels are
fused with the surrounding pedestrian walkways. The baggage
handling area, custom shall, back office functions and the passenger

arrival area are placed at ground level, with the passenger drop-off
area on the level above.
The second floor incorporates the check-in and waiting areas, as well
as a public colonnade, shops and cafes.
A pedestrian route starting from the waterfront promenade progresses
up through the building and opens onto a large public roof garden, with
open and sheltered spaces for informal picnics and outdoor dining, set
against the stunning backdrop of the city.
The site on the south-western tip of the former runway has
unobstructed views of the eastern entrance to the harbor, framing both
Hong Kong Island and Kowloon.

Architect: Norman foster

Area: 52 000 m
Design: The design comprises a series of connecting green landscaped
decks from the first level to the roof. The 42-metre wide span column-free
layout will allow for maximum flexibility in the utilization of space, which can
be configured in various layouts. Thus, the operation area can be converted
into other uses during non-peak season periods, maximizing the usage of the
building.
The design of the Cruise Terminal Building draws on a sustainable
construction approach that extends beyond low energy consumption to the
buildings overall long-term sustainability performance. Green features in
relation to energy conservation, use of renewable energy and recycling are
all covered.

LOCATION PLAN:

Location
-

Located in the heart of Victoria Harbor (at the south-eastern end of the
former Kai Tak Airport runway)

Transportation/ Getting Here:

-

Minibus: Route service to and from Kowloon Bay MTR station available
daily from 7am-8pm.
Ferry: Kai Tak Terminal is just a short taxi ride away (5 mins) from the
Kwun Tong pier.
MTR: Kai Tak Terminal is only a short taxi ride away (5 mins) from the
Kowloon Bay MTR station.
Private Car Parking: 120 hourly parking spaces are available during
opening hours.
Shuttle bus: The terminal has 70 coach bays available for use.

SECTIONS:

Roof top of cruise terminal

consist of
1. commercial kiosk with green
roof
2. Entrance plaza
3. Pavilion
4. Botanical garden
5. Viewing promenade
6. Great lawn
7. Performing plaza
8. Global village
9. Flagpole platform
10. Wedding plaza
11. Connection to tourist hub
from roof level

Green Features
Green features in relation to conservation of energy, adoption of renewable
energy and recycling includes:

The Cruise Terminal Building utilizes the Kai Tak District Cooling System
(DCS) as its main chilled water circulation system. There are DCS substations in the terminal to cater for the air-conditioning required for the
terminal operation facilities and commercial area.

The carriageway on the ground and first floors are naturally ventilated,
with wind flows assisted by ceiling mounted extraction fans along the
boundary.

The main heating plant for the air-conditioning is provided by water-towater heat pumps in energy efficient manner.

Solar panels installed on the roof provide hot water for use in showers
in the building.

The building employs photovoltaic panels to generate zero carbon

electricity on site. Rainwater and A/C condensate water recycling assist in
reducing the potable water demand for irrigation.
At the roof garden area, a portion of external lighting is provided by solar
energized lighting system in order to emphasize the application of recycle
energy in this building as well.

Building envelope

Green roofs,green walls

Natural ventilation for car parks
Free cooling
Air flushing effect

Building envelope

Skylights, shading devices to reduce solar heat again

Wide span structure
Atria drawing daylight deep into the plan

Faade that responds to environmental and functional needs

Construction techniques:

The 3-storey structure is 850m long with a floor area of 150,000m2,

and is designed using innovative concrete bridge construction
methods.
The pre stressed structures are designed to meet the aesthetic
requirements with minimal finishes. In-situ and precast concrete is
used throughout with a series of long-span box beams that form the
structure and the service corridors.
The total dimension on plan is approximately 71m x 850m.
The Cruise Terminal Building had adopted a sustainable construction
approach by using large amount of precast element.
By using reusable steel mold, it minimizes the usage of construction
material such as traditional timber and plywood formwork system. On

the other hand, most of the precast elements were fabricated on site
which aims to reduce the pollution due to long distance delivery.
Green Architectural Design One of the key features for the green
design was the landscape area at the roof floor of the building.
In total, 16,744 square meter of green area was provided for the whole
building, in which more than 30% of the area was able for tree
planting. This dramatic design will definitely drive for the overall long
term sustainability performance of the building.

Services:
Apron facilities cover electrical and mechanical services to the apron area,
including passenger gangways, electricity supply systems, on-shore water
supply and sewage reception facilities, external lighting, firefighting
provisions, etc.

ANALYSIS:
1. The Cruise Terminal Building is an iconic, highly functional and efficient
terminal.
2. The 42-metre wide span column-free layout of the terminal building
allow for maximum flexibility in the utilization of space, which can be
configured in various layouts during non-peak season, maximizing the
usage of the building.
3. Services are integrated with the structure and the different levels are
fused with the surrounding pedestrian walkways.

4. A pedestrian route starting from the waterfront promenade progresses

up through the building and opens onto a large public roof garden, with
open and sheltered spaces for informal picnics and outdoor dining.
5. They have used reusable steel mold which minimizes the usage of
construction material such as traditional timber and plywood formwork
system. Also most of the precast elements were fabricated on site
which aims to reduce the pollution due to long distance delivery.
6. Green roofs , green walls ,Natural ventilation for car parks, Air flushing
effect , Skylights, shading devices to reduce solar heat ,Wide span
structure, Atria drawing daylight deep into the plan , Facade that
responds to environmental and functional needs
7. Design of the Cruise Terminal Building adopts a sustainable
construction approach incorporating a large number of precast
components and post-tensioning structures that extend beyond low
energy consumption to the overall long term sustainability
performance of the building.

CONCLUSION:
1. Sustainable construction techniques.
2. Column free layout allowing maximum flexibility in utilization of space
in interiors.
3. Green features in relation to conservation of energy, adoption of
renewable energy and recycling is used in the building.
4. Natural ventilation for car parks.
5. Large public roof garden, with open and sheltered spaces for informal
picnics and outdoor dining.