Ramp Retaining Wall

RW-1(Only Earth)
Design Of Retaining Wall(RW-1)

Case 1 :- Only Soil , No water Condition
Loads
(i) Vertical Load Due to Weight
Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
Total
(ii) Earth pressure(Static & Dynamic)
h
=
v
=
=
F
Value (KN)
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
696.58
Horizontal Seimic Coefficient.

Vertical seismic coefficient equal to 2
Angle of internal friction of soil
tan-1[(h)/(1v)]
Angle which earth face of the wall makes with the vertical
Slope of earth fill

Angle of friction between the wall and earthfi
(wall friction angle,should be taken 2/3 of of
factor which is a function of geometry
1 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
b
=
Ca
Thickness of wall
(1 v) * cos2 ( - - )
cos * cos2 * cos( + + )
Putting h = 0, v = 0 and =0
=
Ca'
Sa/g
h
v = 2h/3 =
tan 1
(1 ) * cos2 ( -)
1 * cos2 * cos( + )
=
=
=
1=
v
=
=
3.00
0.16
30.00
0.10
8.00
6.79
20.00
0.00
Calculation of Active Coefficients
(1 v) * cos2 ( - - )
Coefficient for dynamic earth pressure increment,Cadynamic = Ca - Ca'

Maximum static earth pressure at EL 593 =
Load Due to Total Earth Pressure =
2 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
Load due to static earth pressure(Sepr) =

Load due to dynamic earth pressure(Depr) =
(iii) Lateral Seismic Load of wall

Load
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
78.75
59.06
198.75
3.13
Total
(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of wall

Load
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
78.75
59.06
198.75
3.13
Total
(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of Soil

Load
SVW5
SVW6
Corres. Weight(KN)
51.98
304.92
Total
Stability Against Overturning

(i) Without Earthquake
Resisting Moment Due to Weight
Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
Value
78.75
59.06
198.75
3.13
51.98
304.92
696.58
Resultant of Load from D =

Resisting Moment =
3 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
Overturning Moment Due to Static Earth pressure =

FOS , Mr/Mo =
(i) With Earthquake
Overturning Moments
Load
Sepr
Depr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
SVW5
SVW6
Value
204.79
111.11
12.21
9.15
30.81
0.48
8.14
6.10
20.54
0.32
5.37
31.51
Total Overturning Moment =

Resisting Moment =
FOS , Mr/Mo =
Stability against Sliding
a) With earthquake case
b) Without earthquake case
Base Pressure Calculation

Vertical Load , P =
696.58
4 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
Direct Pressure (P/A) =
Resultant of P from D =
Net Moment M=(Mr-Mo) =
e1 = (M/P) =
e = (h5/2-e1) =
#NAME?
5.54
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
Base Pressure at D =
#NAME?
Base Pressure at G =
#NAME?
Base Pressure at C =
#NAME?
Base Pressure at B =
#NAME?
Base Pressure at A =
#NAME?
(i) With Earthquake

Vertical Seismic Downwards
Vertical Load , P =
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
e1 = (M/P) =
#NAME?
e = (h5/2-e1) =
#NAME?
#NAME?
5 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
a) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations

*
*
*
*
-ve load indicates downward load

Deductions are due to selfweight and soil weight
Lever arm distance is the distance of CG of load to the point about which moment is considered
Shear stress calculated at a distance d from face of concrete
Component
Load due to earth bottom

pressure(KN)
Load Deduction(KN)
Heel Slab(with EQ)
244.02
359.92
Heel Slab(without
EQ)
282.65
359.92
Toe Slab(with EQ)

(at haunch face)
347.56
100.00
6 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
Toe Slab(without
EQ)(at haunch
face)
238.22
100.00
Toe slab(with EQ)

(at wall face)
396.58
112.50
283.98
112.50
Toe slab(without
EQ)(at wall face)
Stem
Depr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
Sepr
Total for stem =
b) Design
Case-1 : without water condition
Grade of concrete used
Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for stem earth side

Mu = Factored moment(Factor of 1.5 for static case and 1.5 for earthquake case considered)
Fu = Factored Shear Force(Factor of 1.5 for static case and 1.5 for earthquake case considered)
dr = Depth Required
dp = Effective depth provided
Without EQ
With EQ
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
480.47
959.05
180.09
295.01
Provide
T20
7 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)

Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for Toe

dr = Depth Required
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
Without EQ(at wall

face)
416.88
194.86
With EQ(at wall

face)
902.33
322.81
Without EQ(at
haunch face)
300.96
150.78
With EQ(at haunch

face)
703.04
270.06
Provide
T20

Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for Heel

Mu = Factored moment(Factor of 1.5 for static case and 1.5for earthquake case considered)
dr = Depth Required
Without EQ
With EQ
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
108.58
184.64
58.43
87.64
Provide
T12
8 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
Unit Wt. Of Concrete =

Unit Wt. Of Soil =
Unit Wt. Of Water =
h1 =
h2 =
h3 =
h4 =
h5 =
h6 =
h7 =
hs =
hw =
v1 =
v2 =
v3 =
Angle of Internal Friction (Backfill)=
Rock (Base Slab/rock interface) =
Bearing Capacity =
C=
25.00 KN/m2
22.00 KN/m2
10.00 KN/m2
0.50 m
2.20 m
1.25 m
4.50 m
7.95 m
0.75 m
0.50 m
6.30 m
6.30 m
6.30 m
1.00 m
0.50 m
30 Deg
42 Deg
407.00 KN/m3
0.90
4.9 KN/m2
ic Coefficient.
coefficient equal to 2h/3
l friction of soil
e of the wall makes with the vertical
between the wall and earthfill

gle,should be taken 2/3 of of IRC-78pp79)
a function of geometry
9 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
os2 ( - - )
cos( + + )
1.00
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
cos ( - ) cos ( + + )
1 +
1.00
1 +
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
cos ( - ) cos ( + )
( Ref. fig. 5 of earthquake report for 0.2 sec natural period)
( Ref. clause 5.4.3 of earthquake report)
degrees
or
9.81 degrees
degrees
degrees
degrees
TOTAL
(1 + v) * cos ( - - )
1.04
(1 - v) * cos2 ( - - )
0.85
cos * cos2 * cos( + + )
0.78
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
0.26
cos ( - ) cos ( + + )
0.80
0.54
0.35
0.19
Total Ca
Castatic
e*(hs+v2)*Castatic
56.11 KN/m2
=
315.91 KN
10 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
=
204.79 KN
acting at a distance 1/3 of height from Bottom of base
=
111.11 KN
acting at a distance 1/2 of height from Bottom of Base
Seismic Load (KN)

12.21
9.15
30.81
0.48
52.65
Seismic Load (KN)

8.14
6.10
20.54
0.32
35.10
Seismic Load (KN)

5.37
31.51
36.88
Lever Arm
4.75
5.25
3.98
4.33
5.50
6.85
Total
Moment about D
374.06
310.08
790.03
13.54
285.86
2088.70
3862.28
5.54 m
3862.28 KN-m
11 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
498.33 KN-m
7.75 > 1.40
Lever Arm
2.43
3.65
4.15
3.10
0.50
1.17
4.75
5.25
3.98
4.33
5.50
6.85
Total
SAFE
Moment about D
498.33
405.56
50.66
28.38
15.40
0.57
38.65
32.04
81.64
1.40
29.54
215.83
1398.00
g Moment =
1398.00 KN-m
3862.28 KN-m
2.76 > 1.40
SAFE
Sliding Force,Fs
Resisiting Force = mR+CA
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
=
368.56 KN
601.35 KN
1.63
> 1.4 SAFE
Sliding Force,Fs
Resisiting Force = mR
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
=
204.79 KN
627.21 KN
3.06
> 1.4 SAFE
KN
12 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
KN/m2
m
KN-m
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
Downwards
Vertical Seismic Upwards
KN
KN/m2
KN-m
m
m
KN/m2
13 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
which moment is considered
Net Load(KN)
Point about which mom. Is

taken
Lever arm
distance(m)
-115.90
-77.27
247.56
14 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
138.22
284.08
171.48
82.95
12.21
9.15
0.00
0.48
152.53
257.33
About
About
About
About
About
About
E
E
E
E
E
E
M
Fe
3.15
3.15
2.10
-0.50
0.17
2.10
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm2
N/mm2
373.1839315914
527.2433408374
1159.00
1159.00
0.113
0.186
0.29
0.308
Mu/bd2
0.358
0.714
* Enhanced Shear Stress as per Cl. 40.5 o

IS:456)
@ 150 c/c
2094.40 mm2
15 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm2
N/mm2
Mu/bd2
347.6123212486
1659 0.2143668
0.29 0.1515
511.4151078922
1659 0.3551237
0.29 0.3278
295.3572546584
909 0.1658714
0.29 0.3642
451.4212410183
909
0.297092
0.334 0.8509
@ 150 c/c
2094.40 mm2
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm2
N/mm2
177.408169048
231.3423231659
1159 0.0504125
1159.00 0.0756139
Mu/bd2
0.29 0.0808
0.29 0.1375
@ 150 c/c
753.98 mm2
16 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
( FOR PHYLLITES )
( FOR PHYLLITES )
17 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
sin ( + ) sin ( - - ) 1/2

cos ( - ) cos ( + + )
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
cos ( - ) cos ( + )
atural period)
1/2
STATIC
0.84
0.84
0.88
0.38
0.89
18 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
ht from Bottom of base
ht from Bottom of Base
19 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
20 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
#NAME? KN
KN/m2
KN-m
m
#NAME? m
#NAME? KN/m2
21 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? KN/m2
Shear
Moment(KNm Stress(N/
)
mm2)
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
22 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
261.30
38.45
19.22
0.00
0.08
320.31
639.37
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.084
0.17
973.56
1970.3
d Shear Stress as per Cl. 40.5 of
23 of 98
RW-1(Only Earth)
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.06
995.4
0.077
1277.43
0.085
772.65
0.204
1854.36
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.06
0.06
695.4
695.4
24 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
Case 2 :- Water Inside, No fill
Loads
Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W7
Total
Value (KN)
78.75
59.06
198.75
3.13
283.50
623.19
(II)Water pressure(Static & Dynamic)

(Ref. Clause 7.2 of IS:1893-1984 for Hydrodynamic pressure)
h
=
v
=
Natural period of vibration ,T = F x h2/b
F
=
Sa/g
=
h
=

3.00
0.16
The Hydrodynamic Pressure
p C S h wh
25 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
p C S h wh
The Coefficient varies with shape and depth
CS
Cm
2
y
y
h
h
y
y
2
h
h
w=
h=
Cm =
9.80 KN/m3
6.30 m
0.75 for vertical face of wall
h =
0.16
v =
0.10
Element Height
Depth from surface, y
Cs
6.30
6.30
0.75
Maximum static Water pressure =

Hydrodynamic pressure at base
Load due to static water pressure(Swpr) =
Load due to Hydrodynamic pressure(Dwpr) =

Load
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
78.75
59.06
198.75
3.13
Total

Load
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
78.75
59.06
198.75
3.13
Total
(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of Water

Load
Corres. Weight(KN)
26 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
SVW5
283.50
Total

Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W7
Value
78.75
59.06
198.75
3.13
283.50
623.19
Resultant of Load from A =

Resisting Moment =
Overturning Moment Due to Static water Pressure =
FOS , Mr/Mo =
(i) With Earthquake
Overturning Moments
Load
Swpr
Dwpr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
SVW5
Value
194.48
30.14
12.21
9.15
30.81
0.48
8.14
6.10
20.54
0.32
29.30
Resisting Moment =
FOS , Mr/Mo =

27 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )

Vertical Load , P =
e1 = (M/P) =
e = (h5/2-e1) =
623.19
78.39
4.52
2405.58
3.86
0.11
85.18
81.42
79.29
78.43
71.59
(i) With Earthquake

Vertical Load , P =
e1 = (M/P) =
e = (h5/2-e1) =

687.58
86.49
4.52
2525.39
3.67
0.30
106.21
95.30
89.09
86.61
66.77

* -ve load indicates downward load
* Deductions are due to selfweight and soil weight
* Lever arm distance is the distance of CG of load to the point about which moment is considered
* Shear stress calculated at a distance d from face of concrete
28 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
Component

pressure(KN)
Heel Slab(with EQ)

(Wall Face)
350.68
396.00
Heel Slab(without
EQ)(Wall Face)
339.47
396.00
Heel Slab(with EQ)

(Haunch Face)
306.76
352.00
Heel Slab(without
EQ)(Haunch Face)
300.05
352.00
Toe slab(with EQ)
221.66
55.00
Toe slab(without
EQ)
Stem
183.27
55.00
Load Deduction(KN)
Dwpr
SLW1
SLW2
Reinforcement for stSLW3
SLW4
Swpr
Total for stem =
b) Design
Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for stem water side
dr = Depth Required
Without EQ
With EQ
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
625.12
828.02
234.31
296.42
29 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
Provide
T20

Grade of Steel used

dr = Depth Required
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
Without EQ
With EQ
213.92
281.59
96.99
126.02
Provide
T16

Grade of Steel used

dr = Depth Required
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
Without EQ(Wall
Face)
210.25
84.79
With EQ(Wall Face)
209.46
67.98
With EQ(Haunch
Face Face)
175.43
67.87
With EQ(Haunch
Face)
169.54
77.93
Provide
T16
30 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
31 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )

Unit Wt. Of Soil =
Unit Wt. Of Water =
h1 =
h2 =
h3 =
h4 =
h5 =
h6 =
h7 =
hs =
hw =
v1 =
v2 =
v3 =
Angle of Internal Friction (Backfill) =
Bearing Capacity =
C=
25.00
22.00
10.00
0.50
2.20
1.25
4.50
7.95
0.75
0.50
6.30
6.30
6.30
1.00
0.50
30
42
407.00
0.90
4.9
ic Coefficient.
(Ref. Note below clause 5.3.2 of IS 12720:1993)

32 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
Cm Coefficient Calculated from Fig:10

of IS:1893-1984
y Depth of water from surface
p(KN/m2)
7.18
w*h
61.74
7.18
0.5 x61.74 x 6.30
=
194.48
acting at a distance 1/3 of height from Top of Base
2/3 x 7.18 x 6.30
=
30.14
acting at a distance 0.4h of height from Top of Base
Seismic Load (KN)

12.21
9.15
30.81
0.48
52.65
Seismic Load (KN)

8.14
6.10
20.54
0.32
35.10
Seismic Load (KN)
33 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
29.30
29.30
Lever Arm
3.20
2.45
3.98
3.62
5.70
Total
Moment about A
252.00
144.70
790.03
11.30
1615.95
2813.99
4.52 m
2813.99 KN-m
408.41 KN-m
6.89 > 1.40
Lever Arm
2.10
2.52
4.15
3.10
0.50
1.17
3.20
2.45
3.98
3.62
5.70
Total
g Moment =
SAFE
Moment about A
408.41
75.96
50.66
28.38
15.40
0.57
26.04
14.95
81.64
1.17
166.98
870.16
870.16 KN-m
2813.99 KN-m
3.23 > 1.40
Sliding Force,Fs
SAFE
277.28
34 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
503.14
1.81
> 1.4 SAFE
Sliding Force,Fs
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
=
194.48
561.12
2.89
> 1.4 SAFE
KN
KN/m2
m
KN-m
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
Downwards
KN
KN/m2
m
KN-m
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
35 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
Net Load(KN)

taken
Lever arm distance(m)
-45.32
-56.53
-45.24
-51.95
166.66
128.27
30.76
12.21
9.15
0.00
0.48
198.45
251.06
About
About
About
About
About
About
M
Fe
F
F
F
F
F
F
2.52
3.15
2.10
-0.50
0.17
2.10
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm
425.6682725561
489.9045294823
c
2
1159 0.1474593
1159 0.1865477
N/mm2
0.29
0.29
36 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
@ 150 c/c
2094.40 mm2
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm
249.0095819241
285.6924701424
c
2
N/mm2
909 0.1066985
909.00 0.1386316
0.29
0.29
@ 150 c/c
1340.41 mm2
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm
c
2
N/mm2
246.86327939
1409 0.0601757
0.29
246.4027064478
1409 0.0482443
0.29
225.4954034885
909 0.0746601
0.29
221.6810887216
909 0.0857332
0.29
@ 150 c/c
37 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
1340.41 mm2
38 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
Deg
Deg
KN/m3
KN/m2
( FOR PHYLLITES )
( FOR PHYLLITES)
2720:1993)
2720:1993)
0.2 sec natural period)
39 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
lated from Fig:10
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN
stance 1/3 of height from Top of Base
KN
stance 0.4h of height from Top of Base
40 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
KN
41 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
KN
> 1.4 SAFE

KN
KN
> 1.4 SAFE

558.79 KN
70.29 KN/m2
4.52 m
1943.83 KN-m
3.48 m
0.50 m
96.62 KN/m2
82.05 KN/m2
73.77 KN/m2
70.45 KN/m2
43.96 KN/m2
42 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
Moment(KNm)
Shear
Stress(N/
mm2)
139.64
140.17
116.95
113.03
187.73
142.61
2.52
3.15
2.10
-0.50
0.17
2.10
77.51
38.45
19.22
0.00
0.08
416.75
552.01
Mu/bd2
0.4653661445
0.6164177455
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.109
0.146
1263.31
1692.14
43 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
Mu/bd2
0.2589
0.3407916276
Mu/bd2
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.06
0.08
545.4
727.2
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.1059034472
0.06
845.4
0.1055086476
0.06
845.40
0.2123081744
0.06
545.4
0.2051864228
0.06
545.4
44 of 98
RW-1(Only Water )
45 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
Case 1 :- Only Soil , No water Condition
Loads
Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
Total
(ii) Earth pressure(Static & Dynamic)
h
=
v
=
=
F
Value (KN)
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
2108.45

Angle of internal friction of soil
tan-1[(h)/(1v)]
Angle which earth face of the wall makes with the vertical
Slope of earth fill

(wall friction angle,should be taken 2/3 of of
factor which is a function of geometry
46 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
b
=
Ca
Thickness of wall
(1 v) * cos2 ( - - )
cos * cos2 * cos( + + )
Putting h = 0, v = 0 and =0
=
Ca'
Sa/g
h
v = 2h/3 =
tan 1
(1 ) * cos2 ( -)
1 * cos2 * cos( + )
=
=
=
1=
v
=
=
3.00
0.16
30.00
0.10
8.00
8.98
20.00
0.00
Calculation of Active Coefficients
(1 v) * cos2 ( - - )
Coefficient for dynamic earth pressure increment,Cadynamic = Ca - Ca'

Maximum static earth pressure at EL 593 =
Load Due to Total Earth Pressure =
47 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
Load due to static earth pressure(Sepr) =

Load due to dynamic earth pressure(Depr) =

Load
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
207.75
242.38
564.38
3.13
Total

Load
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
207.75
242.38
564.38
3.13
Total
(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of Soil

Load
SVW5
SVW6
Corres. Weight(KN)
213.29
877.54
Total

Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
Value
207.75
242.38
564.38
3.13
213.29
877.54
2108.45
Resultant of Load from D =

48 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
Resisting Moment =
Overturning Moment Due to Static Earth pressure =
FOS , Mr/Mo =
(i) With Earthquake
Overturning Moments
Load
Sepr
Depr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
SVW5
SVW6
Value
666.12
353.52
32.20
37.57
87.48
0.48
21.47
25.05
58.32
0.32
22.04
90.68

Resisting Moment =
FOS , Mr/Mo =

49 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)

Vertical Load , P =
e1 = (M/P) =
e = (h5/2-e1) =
2108.45
#NAME?
8.88
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
(i) With Earthquake

Vertical Load , P =
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
50 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
e1 = (M/P) =
#NAME?
e = (h5/2-e1) =
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?

*
*
*
*
-ve load indicates downward load

Deductions are due to selfweight and soil weight
Lever arm distance is the distance of CG of load to the point about which moment is considered
Shear stress calculated at a distance d from face of concrete
Component

pressure(KN)
Load Deduction(KN)
Heel Slab(with EQ)
651.01
1035.04
Heel Slab(without
EQ)
801.24
1035.04
51 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
Toe Slab(with EQ)

(at haunch face)
1133.88
275.63
Toe Slab(without
EQ)(at haunch
face)
765.38
275.63
Toe slab(with EQ)

(at wall face)
1224.05
297.50
847.74
297.50
Toe slab(without
EQ)(at wall face)
Stem
Depr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
Sepr
Total for stem =
b) Design
Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for stem earth side
dr = Depth Required
Without EQ
With EQ
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
2752.25
5472.51
Provide
570.93
945.74
T25
T25
52 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)

Grade of Steel used
dr = Depth Required
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
Without EQ(at wall

face)
2306.53
601.91
With EQ(at wall

face)
4721.17
1013.55
Without EQ(at
haunch face)
1916.73
519.96
4051.87
911.18
T32
T25
With EQ(at haunch

face)
Provide

Grade of Steel used

Mu = Factored moment(Factor of 1.5 for static case and 1.5for earthquake case considered)
dr = Depth Required
Without EQ
With EQ
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
557.11
1036.25
Provide
171.35
281.46
T20
53 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)

Unit Wt. Of Soil =
Unit Wt. Of Water =
h1 =
h2 =
h3 =
h4 =
h5 =
h6 =
h7 =
hs =
hw =
v1 =
v2 =
v3 =
Bearing Capacity =
C=
25.00 KN/m2
22.00 KN/m2
10.00 KN/m2
0.75 m
3.60 m
2.50 m
6.80 m
12.90 m
1.75 m
0.50 m
11.08 m
11.08 m
11.08 m
1.75 m
0.50 m
30 Deg
42 Deg
407.00 KN/m3
0.90
4.9 KN/m2
ic Coefficient.
l friction of soil
e of the wall makes with the vertical

gle,should be taken 2/3 of of IRC-78pp79)
a function of geometry
54 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
os2 ( - - )
cos( + + )
1.00
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
cos ( - ) cos ( + + )
1 +
1.00
1 +
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
cos ( - ) cos ( + )
degrees
or
9.81 degrees
degrees
degrees
degrees
TOTAL
(1 + v) * cos ( - - )
1.06
(1 - v) * cos2 ( - - )
0.86
cos * cos2 * cos( + + )
0.75
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
0.26
cos ( - ) cos ( + + )
0.77
0.56
0.37
0.20
Total Ca
Castatic
e*(hs+v2)*Castatic
103.84 KN/m2
=
1019.64 KN
55 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
=
666.12 KN
acting at a distance 1/3 of height from Bottom Of Ba
=
353.52 KN
acting at a distance 1/2 of height from Bottom of Bas
Seismic Load (KN)

32.20
37.57
87.48
0.48
157.73
Seismic Load (KN)

21.47
25.05
58.32
0.32
105.15
Seismic Load (KN)

22.04
90.68
112.72
Lever Arm
7.18
8.13
6.45
6.63
8.72
11.10
Total
Moment about D
1490.61
1971.32
3640.22
20.73
1859.18
9740.65
18722.70
8.88 m
56 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
18722.70 KN-m
2848.77 KN-m
6.57 > 1.40
Lever Arm
4.28
6.42
7.29
5.44
0.88
1.92
7.18
8.13
6.45
6.63
8.72
11.10
Total
SAFE
Moment about D
2848.77
2267.85
234.75
204.50
76.54
0.93
154.03
203.70
376.16
2.14
192.12
1006.53
7568.02
g Moment =
7568.02 KN-m
18722.70 KN-m
2.47 > 1.40
SAFE
Sliding Force,Fs
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
=
1177.37 KN
1765.49 KN
1.50
> 1.4 SAFE
Sliding Force,Fs
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
=
666.12 KN
1898.46 KN
2.85
> 1.4 SAFE
57 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
KN
KN/m2
m
KN-m
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
Downwards
KN
KN/m2
KN-m
58 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
Net Load(KN)

taken
Lever arm
distance(m)
-384.03
-233.80
59 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
858.25
489.76
926.55
550.24
270.09
32.20
37.57
0.00
0.48
496.80
837.14
About
About
About
About
About
About
E
E
E
E
E
E
M
Fe
5.54
5.54
3.69
-0.88
0.17
3.69
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm2
N/mm2
893.1707679309
1259.4578532186
2909.00
2909.00
0.359
0.595
0.29
0.294
Mu/bd2
0.325
0.647
* Enhanced Shear Stress as per Cl. 40.5 o

IS:456)
+
@ 200 c/c
4908.74 mm2
60 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm2
N/mm2
Mu/bd2
817.6544733169
2159 0.3628145
0.29 0.4948
1169.8093559277
2159 0.6109392
0.362 1.0128
745.3674788664
1659 0.3134185
0.304 0.6964
1083.7225801556
1659 0.5492317
0.429 1.4722
@ 200 c/c
6475.61 mm2
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm2
N/mm2
401.8464864338
548.0528133765
1659 0.103288
1659 0.1696568
Mu/bd2
0.29 0.2024
0.29 0.3765
@ 200 c/c
1570.80 mm2
61 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
( FOR PHYLLITES )
( FOR PHYLLITES )
62 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
sin ( + ) sin ( - - ) 1/2

cos ( - ) cos ( + + )
sin ( + ) sin ( - - )
cos ( - ) cos ( + )
atural period)
1/2
STATIC
0.87
0.87
0.85
0.38
0.86
63 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
3 of height from Bottom Of Base
2 of height from Bottom of Base
64 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
65 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
#NAME? KN
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? m
#NAME? KN-m
66 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
#NAME? m
#NAME? m
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? KN/m2
#NAME? KN/m2
Shear
Moment(KNm Stress(N/
)
mm2)
#NAME?
#NAME?
67 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
1496.28
178.39
138.75
0.00
0.08
1834.83
3648.34
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.076
0.153
2210.84
4450.77
d Shear Stress as per Cl. 40.5 of
68 of 98
RW-2(Only Earth)
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.117
2526.03
0.245
5289.55
0.166
2753.94
0.365
6055.35
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.06
0.088
995.4
1459.92
69 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )

Case 2 :- Water Inside, No fill
Loads
Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W7
Total
Value (KN)
207.75
242.38
564.38
3.13
753.44
1771.07
(II)Water pressure(Static & Dynamic)

(Ref. Clause 7.2 of IS:1893-1984 for Hydrodynamic pressure)
h
=
v
=
Natural period of vibration ,T = F x h2/b
F
=
Sa/g
=
h
=

3.00
0.16
The Hydrodynamic Pressure
p C S h wh
70 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
p C S h wh
The Coefficient varies with shape and depth
CS
Cm
2
y
y
h
h
y
y
2
h
h
w=
h=
Cm =
9.80 KN/m3
11.08 m
0.75 for vertical face of wall
h =
0.16
v =
0.10
Element Height
Depth from surface, y
Cs
11.08
11.08
0.75
Maximum static Water pressure =

Hydrodynamic pressure at base
Load due to static water pressure(Swpr) =
Load due to Hydrodynamic pressure(Dwpr) =

Load
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
207.75
242.38
564.38
3.13
Total

Load
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
Corres. Weight(KN)
207.75
242.38
564.38
3.13
Total
(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of Water
71 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
Load
SVW5
Corres. Weight(KN)
753.44
Total

Load
W1
W2
W3
W4
W7
Value
207.75
242.38
564.38
3.13
753.44
1771.07

Resisting Moment =
Overturning Moment Due to Static water Pressure =
FOS , Mr/Mo =
(i) With Earthquake
Overturning Moments
Load
Swpr
Dwpr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW3
SLW4
SVW1
SVW2
SVW3
SVW4
SVW5
Value
601.56
93.24
32.20
37.57
87.48
0.48
21.47
25.05
58.32
0.32
77.86
Resisting Moment =
FOS , Mr/Mo =

72 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )

Vertical Load , P =
e1 = (M/P) =
e = (h5/2-e1) =
1771.07
137.29
7.35
10799.04
6.10
0.35
159.80
147.24
138.51
136.77
114.78
(i) With Earthquake

Vertical Load , P =
e1 = (M/P) =
e = (h5/2-e1) =

1954.08
151.48
7.35
11214.56
5.74
0.71
201.57
173.61
154.20
150.31
101.39

73 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
Component

pressure(KN)
Heel Slab(with EQ)

(Wall Face)
868.99
1050.94
Heel Slab(without
EQ)(Wall Face)
861.20
1050.94
Heel Slab(with EQ)

(Haunch Face)
792.87
973.67
Heel Slab(without
EQ)(Haunch Face)
792.38
973.67
Toe slab(with EQ)
675.32
157.50
Toe slab(without
EQ)
Stem
552.67
157.50
Load Deduction(KN)
Dwpr
SLW1
SLW2
Reinforcement for stSLW3
SLW4
Swpr
Total for stem =
b) Design
Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for stem water side
dr = Depth Required
Without EQ
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
3400.63
705.44
74 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
With EQ
4508.99
895.52
T25
T25
Provide

Grade of Steel used

dr = Depth Required
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
Without EQ
With EQ
1087.32
1443.41
289.63
379.52
Provide
T25

Grade of Steel used

dr = Depth Required
Moment(Mu)
shear(Fu)
(kN-m)
(kN)
Without EQ(Wall
Face)
1104.83
284.61
With EQ(Wall Face)
1233.15
272.92
With EQ(Haunch
Face Face)
1097.00
271.20
With EQ(Haunch
Face)
965.65
271.92
Provide
75 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
T20
76 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )

Unit Wt. Of Soil =
Unit Wt. Of Water =
h1 =
h2 =
h3 =
h4 =
h5 =
h6 =
h7 =
hs =
hw =
v1 =
v2 =
v3 =
Bearing Capacity =
C=
25.00
22.00
10.00
0.75
3.60
2.50
6.80
12.90
1.75
0.50
11.08
11.08
11.08
1.75
0.50
30
42
407.00
0.90
4.9
ic Coefficient.

77 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
Cm Coefficient Calculated from Fig:10

of IS:1893-1984
y Depth of water from surface
p(KN/m2)
12.62
w*h
108.58
12.62
0.5 x108.58 x 11.08
=
601.56
acting at a distance 1/3 of height from Top of Base
2/3 x 12.62 x 11.08
=
93.24
acting at a distance 0.4h of height from Top of Base
Seismic Load (KN)

32.20
37.57
87.48
0.48
157.73
Seismic Load (KN)

21.47
25.05
58.32
0.32
105.15
78 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
Seismic Load (KN)
77.86
77.86
g Moment =
Lever Arm
5.73
4.18
6.45
6.27
9.50
Total
Moment about A
1189.37
1013.94
3640.22
19.58
7157.68
13020.79
7.35 m
13020.79 KN-m
2221.74 KN-m
5.86 > 1.40
Lever Arm
3.69
4.43
7.29
5.44
0.88
1.92
5.73
4.18
6.45
6.27
9.50
Total
SAFE
Moment about A
2221.74
413.24
234.75
204.50
76.54
0.93
122.90
104.77
376.16
2.02
739.63
4497.18
4497.18 KN-m
13020.79 KN-m
2.90 > 1.40
SAFE
79 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
Sliding Force,Fs
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
=
852.53
1429.89
1.68
> 1.4 SAFE
Sliding Force,Fs
FOS = R/Fs
=
=
=
601.56
1594.67
2.65
> 1.4 SAFE
KN
KN/m2
m
KN-m
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
Downwards
KN
KN/m2
m
KN-m
m
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
80 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
Net Load(KN)

taken
-181.95
-189.74
-180.80
-181.28
517.82
395.17
95.14
32.20
37.57
0.00
0.48
613.83
779.23
About
About
About
About
About
About
M
Fe
F
F
F
F
F
F
4.43
5.54
3.69
-0.88
0.17
3.69
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm
992.8190400958
c
2
2409 0.4439496
N/mm2
0.29
81 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
1143.2203712942
2409 0.5635723
0.32
+
@ 200 c/c
4908.74 mm2
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm
561.3960925309
646.822527034
c
2
N/mm2
1659 0.1745805
1659 0.2287645
0.29
0.29
@ 200 c/c
2454.37 mm2
M
Fe
25
500
dr
dp
(mm)
(mm)
N/mm2
N/mm2
565.8989210797
2159 0.1318234
0.29
597.8590113244
2159 0.1264103
0.29
563.8894841996
1659 0.1634712
0.29
529.0533141395
1659 0.1639089
0.29
82 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
@ 200 c/c
1570.80 mm2
83 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN/m2
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
Deg
Deg
KN/m3
KN/m2
(PHYLLITES BELOW EL 540,

AS SHOWN IN
GEOLOGICAL MAP)
( FOR PHYLLITES )
( FOR PHYLLITES )
2720:1993)
2720:1993)
0.2 sec natural period)
84 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
lated from Fig:10
KN/m2
KN/m2
KN
stance 1/3 of height from Top of Base
KN
stance 0.4h of height from Top of Base
85 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
86 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
KN
KN
> 1.4 SAFE

KN
KN
> 1.4 SAFE

1588.05 KN
123.11 KN/m2
7.35 m
8523.60 KN-m
5.37 m
1.08 m
185.10 KN/m2
150.50 KN/m2
126.47 KN/m2
121.66 KN/m2
61.11 KN/m2
87 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
Moment(KNm)
Shear
Stress(N/
mm2)
822.10
736.56
731.33
643.76
962.27
724.88
4.43
5.54
3.69
-0.88
0.17
3.69
421.68
178.39
138.75
0.00
0.08
2267.09
3005.99
Mu/bd2
0.5859839081
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.139
3348.51
88 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
0.7769720646
Mu/bd2
0.186
Mu/bd2
main Astr
pt
%
0.3951
0.5244409514
4480.74
mm2
0.093
0.124
1542.87
2057.16
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.2370235739
0.06
1295.4
0.2645521952
0.06
1295.40
0.3985789092
0.093
1542.87
0.3508530058
0.082
1360.38
89 of 98
RW-2(Only Water )
90 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
Reinforcement Sheet For Stem RW-2
Bending Moment & Shear Force Calculations For different sections
Case-1 : without water condition , only fill taken
a) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations(EL-528.920)

Load due to
earth
bottom
pressure(K
Load
Component
N)
Deduction(KN)
Net
Load(KN)
Stem
Depr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW4
Sepr
Total for stem =
270.09
32.20
37.57
0.48
496.80
837.14
b) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations(EL 532.92)

Load due to
earth
bottom
pressure(K
Load
Component
N)
Deduction(KN)
Stem
Depr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW4
Sepr
Total for stem =
Net
Load(KN)
110.28
20.58
15.34
0.00
202.84
238.75
c) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations(EL 536.92)

91 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
Load due to
earth
bottom
pressure(K
Load
Component
N)
Deduction(KN)
Stem
Depr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW4
Sepr
Total for stem =
Net
Load(KN)
20.87
8.95
2.90
0.00
38.38
50.23
M
Fe

Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for stem at earth side

Section
EL- 528.92
El-5232.92
El - 536.92
Moment(Mu)
shear
dr
dp
(kN-m)
(kN)
(mm)
(mm)
5472.51
1467.17
132.46
1255.70 1259.457853219
358.12 652.1244098306
75.35 195.9444171621
2909
1816
1166
Provision of Main Reinforcement

Section
EL- 528.92
El-5232.92
El - 536.92
Reinforcement
Provided
25
25
25
16
main Astp
mm2
@ 200 c/c
4906.25
@ 200 c/c
2453.125
@ 200 c/c
@ 200 c/c 1005.309649149
Bending Moment & Shear Force Calculations For different sections

Case-2 : Water Inside , No Earthfill
a) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations(EL-528.92)

* Deductions are due to selfweight and water weight
Load due to
earth
bottom
pressure(K
Load
Component
N)
Deduction(KN)
Net
Load(KN)
92 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
Stem
Dwpr
95.14
SLW1
32.20
SLW2
37.57
SLW4
0.48
Swpr
613.83
Total for stem =
684.09
b) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations(EL-532.92)
Load due to
earth
bottom
pressure(K
Load
Net
Component
N)
Deduction(KN)
Load(KN)
Stem
Dwpr
38.85
SLW1
20.58
SLW2
15.36
SLW3
0.00
SLW4
0.00
Swpr
250.63
Total for stem =
286.57
c) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations(EL-536.92)
Load due to
earth
bottom
pressure(K
Load
Component
N)
Deduction(KN)
Stem
Dwpr
SLW1
SLW2
SLW4
Swpr
Total for stem =
Net
Load(KN)
7.35
8.95
2.90
0.00
47.43
59.28
M
Fe

Grade of Steel used
Reinforcement for stem at water side
Section
Moment(Mu)
shear
dr
dp
(kN-m)
(kN)
(mm)
(mm)
93 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
EL- 528.92
El-5232.92
El - 536.92
Dist. from
support(m)
EL- 528.92
El-5232.92
El - 536.92
4508.99
1215.91
111.78
1026.13 1143.220371294
429.86 593.6647288774
88.93 179.9963005095
Reinforcement
Provided
2L- 25
20
16
@ 200 c/c
@ 200 c/c
@ 200 c/c
2909
1816
1166
main Astp
mm2
4906.25
1570.00
1005.31
94 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
t sections
bout which moment is considered
Point about
which mom. Is
taken
Lever arm
distance(m)
5.54
5.54
3.69
0.17
3.69
Shear
Moment( Stress(N
KNm)
/mm2)
1496.277
178.395
138.752
0.081
1834.834
3648.338
Point about
which mom. Is
taken
Lever arm
distance(m)
3.54
3.54
2.36
0.17
2.36
Shear
Moment( Stress(N
KNm)
/mm2)
390.384
72.840
36.193
0.000
478.695
978.112
95 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
Point about
which mom. Is
taken
Shear
Moment( Stress(N
KNm)
/mm2)
32.140
13.785
2.978
0
39.404
88.307
Lever arm
distance(m)
1.54
1.54
1.03
0.17
1.03
25
500
N/mm
Mu/bd2
c
2
0.4316617943
0.1972046921
0.0646212714
N/mm
0.294 0.646694147
0.29 0.444885571
0.29 0.097428896
main Astr
pt
%
mm2
0.153
0.105
0.06
4450.77
1906.8
699.6
t sections
Point about
which mom. Is
taken
Lever arm
distance(m)
Shear
Moment( Stress(N
KNm)
/mm2)
96 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
4.43
5.54
3.69
0.17
3.69
421.678
178.395
138.752
0.081
2267.086
3005.991
Point about
which mom. Is
taken
Lever arm
distance(m)
2.83
3.54
2.36
0.00
0.17
2.36
Shear
Moment( Stress(N
KNm)
/mm2)
110.02
72.84
36.26
0.00
0.00
591.49
810.61
Lever arm
distance(m)
1.23
1.54
1.03
0.17
1.03
Shear
Moment( Stress(N
KNm)
/mm2)
9.06
13.78
2.98
0.00
48.70
74.52
Point about
which mom. Is
taken
25
500
N/mm
c
2
N/mm
Mu/bd2
2
pt
%
main Astr
mm2
97 of 98
Stem Reinf.-RW-2
0.3527427381
0.2367058232
0.0762651651
0.29 0.532833549
0.29 0.368697252
0.29 0.082214639
0.126
0.086
0.06
3665.34
1561.76
699.6
98 of 98

Ramp Retaining Wall

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Ramp Retaining Wall

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RW-1(Only Earth)

Design Of Retaining Wall(RW-1)

Horizontal Seimic Coefficient.

Slope of earth fill

Calculation of Active Coefficients

Coefficient for dynamic earth pressure increment,Cadynamic = Ca - Ca'

Load due to static earth pressure(Sepr) =

(iii) Lateral Seismic Load of wall

(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of wall

(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of Soil

Stability Against Overturning

Resultant of Load from D =

Overturning Moment Due to Static Earth pressure =

Total Overturning Moment =

b) Without earthquake case

Base Pressure Calculation

(i) With Earthquake

Direct Pressure (P/A) =

Net Moment M=(Mr-Mo) =

a) Bending Moment and Shear stress Calculations

-ve load indicates downward load

Load due to earth bottom

Heel Slab(with EQ)

Toe Slab(with EQ)

Toe slab(with EQ)

Reinforcement for stem earth side

Grade of concrete used

Reinforcement for Toe

Without EQ(at wall

With EQ(at wall

With EQ(at haunch

Grade of concrete used

Reinforcement for Heel

Unit Wt. Of Concrete =

e of the wall makes with the vertical

between the wall and earthfill

cos * cos2 * cos( + + )

Seismic Load (KN)

Seismic Load (KN)

Seismic Load (KN)

Vertical Seismic Upwards

which moment is considered

Point about which mom. Is

* Enhanced Shear Stress as per Cl. 40.5 o

sin ( + ) sin ( - - ) 1/2

ht from Bottom of base

ht from Bottom of Base

Vertical Seismic Upwards

d Shear Stress as per Cl. 40.5 of

(II)Water pressure(Static & Dynamic)

Angle of friction between the wall and earthfi

The Hydrodynamic Pressure

Depth from surface, y

Maximum static Water pressure =

(iii) Lateral Seismic Load of wall

(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of wall

(iv) Vertical Seismic Load of Water

Stability Against Overturning

Resultant of Load from A =

Stability against Sliding

b) Without earthquake case

Base Pressure Calculation