[Type text]

AsiaeUniversity
Interface Global Education

Authorised Centre By
N

AsiaeUniversity

STUDENTS NAME

ABDUL KADIR AL JAILANI BIN RAMLE

I/C NO

840128-04-5227

PROGRAMME

EXECUTIVE MASTER IN MANAGEMENT

CLASS DATE

27 & 28 FEBRUARY 2016

INTAKE DATE

SEPTEMBER 2015

MODULE

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

TRAINERS NAME

PN. ZUNAIDAH BINTI ABU HASAN

CENTRE

IGE MELAKA

OVERALL MARK
(Fill up by Trainer)

QUESTION
2
3
TOTAL
FINAL MARK
(40%)

[Type text]

MARK

Contents
Question 2 .................................................................................................................. 3
Introduction ............................................................................................................. 3
Objectives ............................................................................................................... 3
Content ................................................................................................................... 3
Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 6
Question 3 .................................................................................................................. 7
Introduction ............................................................................................................. 7
Objectives ............................................................................................................... 8
Content ................................................................................................................... 8
Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 10
References ............................................................................................................... 11

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Question 2
Introduction
Changes are very important to Infineon Technologies as a survival strategy of long term
existent in the semi-conductor industry. Over 40 years of establishment in Melaka, it has
been through lot of changes in the organization. Even in the last 5 years, changes have
been made to ensure Infineon Technologies has the competitive advantages.
The changes made have created resistance by the employees and it is crucial to
understand the reason. Therefore the changes made to the organization objectives can
be achieved.
Current changes made in Infineon Technologies, such as incremental of machines in
certain processes. Due to the increase of the customers demand especially for
automotive products, Infineon Technologies has to expand the production capacity by
buying new machines, hire new manpower, changes of managers and buying new
buildings.
Objectives
1. Explain the reasons for resistance to change by employees
2. Recommendation of tactical change agents that could use to deal with resistance to
change
Content
Green line is new project in Infineon Technologies Melaka adapted from Batam. The
purpose of the project is to achieve stability and sustainability of the organization. To
ensure the objectives achieved the project focus on the 4M.
1. Man
a. Adhere to morale value
b. Positive attitude and
c. Skilled in self-management.
2. Machine
a. Good 5s mapping
b. Cleanliness
c. Tidiness
3. Method
a. Clarify and simplifying work instructions
4. Material
a. Improves traceability
b. Every abnormities to be define clearly
Significantly, the changes indicate the positive growth of business for Infineon
Technologies and concern to greener environment. Through green line manufacturing,
lean supply chain can be achieved and cost may be reduced.
However, resistance of change occurred and the reasons explained as below.

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1. Misunderstanding about the need for change or when the reason for the change is
unclear
If staffs do not understand the need for change, resistance is expected. This
challenge is practically happened to non-pilot of the green line project. Some may
misinterpret that the change to the green line is a part of downsizing initiatives.
2. Lack of competence
This is a fear people will seldom admit. Change in organization necessitates changes
in skills, and for some people will feel that they wont be able to make the transition
very well.
3. Connected to the old way
This scenario obviously can be seen during ramp up. There is sometimes in a year,
necessity to increase the production output creates new environment and new
requirement of job specifications. In some scenarios, the change in organization
creates stress and conflicts.
4. Low trust
When people dont believe that they or the company can competently manage the
change there is likely to be resistance. The history of past changes that have brought
negative result to the employees such as restructure of reporting chain.
5. Not being consulted
Resistance exists when people are not being allowed to be part of the change.
6. Changes to routines
Comfort zones are referring to routines. The employees love them as they create
security. So theres bound to be resistance whenever change requires doing things
differently. This frequently occurs when there is change made to work procedure and
system. For example, the staffs having resistance to adapt to green line concept due
to the previous co have been used over 10 years which are easier and less
monitored.
7. Change in the status quo
Resistance can also stem from perceptions of the change that people hold.
8. Benefits and rewards
When the benefits and rewards for making the change are not seen as adequate for
the trouble involved during change. Even top management and directors are eager for
benefits and rewards when there is a change.

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To deal with the resistance to change through change management approach are being
use.
1. Address the human side systematically.
2. Start at the top.
3. Involve every layer.
4. Make the formal case.
5. Create ownership.
6. Communicate the message.
7. Assess the cultural landscape.
8. Address culture explicitly.
9. Prepare for the unexpected.
10. Speak to the individual.
We wil tackle and curtail the reasons of resistance based on change management
approach as follows:
1. Misunderstanding about the need for change or when the reason for the change is
unclear
Every people in the organization have their purpose of existence. The change need to
be understood and the reason of change need clarify and crystallized in various
mean. Communication throughout the organization is important to overcome the
misunderstanding and prevent the misunderstanding spreads and become conflicts.
As manager, one should address the human side systematically. Communication is
vital as the change need to be understood from top to bottom layer in the
organization.
2. Lack of competence
Change is constant and the lack competence may create feel of insecurity to people
in the organization. Proper training needs analysis need to be done as to assess the
capability of every people to suite the change. Green line manufacturing philosophy
focus to empowerment of human capital in term of attitude and skills. All people the
organization from top to bottom is compulsory to attend the training as to ensure
everybody is competent to the program.
3. Connected to the old way
This scenario is inter-related to lack of competence. Special training related to
interpersonal skills is need for this reason of resistance. Think Positive, Act Positive
has been introduced to Infineon Technologies in 2015. Since the module been
introduced until now, participants frequently encourage other colleagues as well to
attend.

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4. Low trust
Reliable is the key to this factor. It is important to inform the employees who are
leading the change. In Infineon Technologies Melaka, the green line manufacturing
execution is behind schedule due to the low trust to the previous project manager.
Since the change of the spearhead, the execution of the green line manufacturing has
reached approximately 60% plant wide.
5. Not being consulted
Change of procedure (method) can be less resisted when senior operators and
technicians being consulted upon the changes made. Scheduled surveys and
meetings to collect vital information on employees related to the green line
manufacturing have been to quarterly throughout Infineon Technologies. The
information then can lead the core member of green line project to consult the
problematic issues to the owner.
6. Changes to routines
As to ensure the success of the green line manufacturing project, some routines need
to be changed. Previous system having unclear rule of machine stoppages. However
in green line project has specified the rule clearer and simple to be applied.
7. Change in the status quo
To tackle this factor, ownership creation may be applied. Production manager and
technical manager are the person who will be the committee of the green as to
cooperatively ensure the success of the green line manufacturing project.
8. Benefits and rewards
This is one of the factors that motivate people to change in the organizations and
reduce resistance. In the green line program, man and machine are certified based
on the qualification criteria. For machine, a sticker to notify of the green status has
been applied and for the green man, a certificate has been issued as to honour them
and some token of appreciation for their involvement. In Infineon Technologies, the
green man can be considered as special and the pride is higher compare to the one
that doesnt have the green man title.
Conclusion
Change in the organization must be managed wisely as resistance comes from human.
Yes, the change is important to the organization to have the competitive advantage but
the strength and weakness of the people in the organization must be address and
account to ensure the purpose of the change can be achieved.
If a river were blocked in the downstream, flash flood will happened somewhere in the
upstream. This theory also applies to change management.

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Question 3
Introduction
Interpersonal communication is a face-to-face communication process in which people
exchange information, feelings, and meaning through verbal and non-verbal messages.
Interpersonal communication is not just about what are actually the language used but
how it is said and the non-verbal messages sent through tone of voice, facial
expressions, gestures and body language.
When two or more people are in the same place and are aware of each other's presence,
then communication is taking place, no matter how subtle or unintentional.
Without speech, an observer may be using postures, facial expression, and dress to form
an impression of the other's role, emotional state, personality or intentions. Although no
communication may be intended, people receive messages through such forms of nonverbal behaviour.
Successful interpersonal communication is when the message senders and the message
receivers understand the message.
In the interpersonal communication, there are few elements exist for the betterment
which includes;
1. The communicators
2. The message
3. Noise
4. Feedback
5. Context
6. Channel

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Objectives
Analyse the advantages of better inter personal communication to;
1. Organizational effectiveness
2. Reduce stress
3. Reduce conflicts
Content
1. Organizational effectiveness
In big organization such as corporation, good inter personal communication are crucial to
face daily challenges. The people in the organization are connected and communicate
each other to achieve the company objectives and mission.
Positive culture of the organization shapes the attitude of the people and reflects their
way to interact and react to changes. Delivery of messages from top management to the
whole organization won't be spread throughout if good inter personal skills are not
applied. Without the skills, even a simple message may be interpreted wrongly by the
receiver and may affect bad result to the organization.
Inter personal skills are develop through knowledge, skill and attitude.
In order to gain organizational effectiveness, Infineon Technologies has invested to
enhance human capital ability. The investment includes schedule trainings and
unscheduled trainings which covers the job skills and some of interpersonal knowledge.
Training need analysis need to be done by superior to check whether the related training
needs to be attended by the subordinate. Most of the trainings related to interpersonal
skills are conducted by external trainers to ensure the atmosphere of the training
moderated.
The outcome and result expected from the participant have reflected to their performance
and also aligned to the organization goal.
Beginning of the Fiscal 2016, Infineon Technologies has introduced a new motto, Part
of your life, Part of Tomorrow. The simple motto emphasis on how the work of today
affected the future. For example, a batch of defected product today will effect to
catastrophic disaster to the user in the future. The motto is the message to all the people
in the organization and need to be delivered and understood by all levels of subordinate.
Delivery of message from top to bottom and vice-versa will be effective when everybody
in the organization is good in the interpersonal communication skills. Practically, a town
hall meeting is the channel to communicate to massive audience as to ensure the
message reach to all the people in the organization. Feedbacks to the message are
important as to ensure two way communication is succeed.
Alternately, the message then will be brief by team leader to their respective team
member in a briefing or weekly meeting. The feedbacks and concerns from team
members then will be brought to the top management as to overcome their concerns and
at the same time achieved organization goal.
In Infineon Technologies, a course called by Think Positive Act Positive has been
introduced. Even though the seats for the course are limited but it may reflected to large
positive impact to participant. For example in two way communication, the way of the
sender sends the message will impact the receiver feedback to the message. If a
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message was sent positively, the feedback from receiver should be positive and vice
versa.
The positive thinking was contributed by good inter personal skills, which not only covers
the verbal, but also non-verbal such as facial expression, body language and gestures.
People in the big organization such as Infineon Technologies should adhere to good
interpersonal communication skills as to ensure they are ready for any challenges and
circumstances.
2. Reduce stress
In psychology, stress is a feeling of strain and pressure. Positive stress helps improve
athletic performance. It also plays a factor in motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the
environment. Excessive amounts of stress, however, may lead to bodily harm. Stress
can increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks, ulcers, and mental disorders such as
depression.
In organization, stress related to work need to be handle and the solutions to overcome
the stress are commonly discussed timely. Stress management is one of the solutions.
Good inter personal skills plays major role to ensure the success to reduce stress in
organization. Daily fatique of jobs may led one to be mentally exhausted and may
affected to higher level of stress. Enviroment factors are most commonly a contributing
factors that can help to reduce stress.
People with good Inter personal communication skills is most likely have their own
methods to reduce stress to self and people around them. The message of people within
the organization doesnt have to be interprated in verbal mean, but also may be deliver
through non-verbals. People with good inter personal may define these signs even
though in silence.
Discomfortness of people around us explains how people react to certain stress situation.
For example, when there is a drastic change made in a work procedure, some of the
subordinate may find there is increment of fatique on daily routines and this may lead to
stress. Leaders in production line must play their role as to reduce the stress to the
people who is experincing the stress. The challeges to approach and motivating these
people are depending on how good is the leaders inter personal skill.
In Infineon Technologies, people with good inter personal skills having less stress
compare to the one who doesnt. This may explains how important and crucial inter
personal skills to people in organization.
The one with the knowledge, skill and attitude may adapt to any stress scenarios even
the toughest stress of tasks. The way of the stress channeled are more likely turn from
negative to positive outcome.
3. Reduce conflicts
Conflicts are defined as a state of disagreement or disharmony between persons or
ideas or clashes.
From the statements, the conflict scenarios are often occurred in our life daily and the
frequency may vary depends on job scope, people around us and the environment we
are in.
In most common conflicts in organization like Infineon Technologies, inter personal
communication skills will be top priority as to ensure the conflicts are handled in proper
and peaceful manner. Continuous conflicts may lead to vengeance and affected the
people around. For example, in every task force team need a moderator to ensure
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clashes were settled within the meeting room. The moderator acts as a peacekeeper of
the meeting and must be neutral.
When a customer complain reported, a team will be setup and a task force will begin.
The team mostly comes from various processes that may contribute to the defect
reported. In this scenario, the tense to the team are high and most likely everybody eager
to protect their interest and pride. In this situation, moderator will be appointed as to
regulate the tense, overcome the conflicts and guide the team to focus to the task, find
root causes and best solutions.
Unsettled conflicts may also affect to organization morale. People are more happy and
motivated to work in stable and sustain organization. Infineon Technologies has placed
an initiative and launched Great Place to Work; a continuous campaign has been
conducted by the top management to achieve the goal. One of the campaign activities is
collecting survey.
In the survey, 60% of the question related to inter personal communication skills of
superior of the surveyed. From the activity, it is obvious indicated how inter personal
communication skills may effected the subordinate perception to the organization.
Conclusion
Inter personal communication skills are important to every people in the organization in
daily challenges. The knowledge of inter personal communication must be spread and
the skills must be enhance timely. A person with inter personal communication skill
reflected the good attitude towards every challenges and may leads other people around
to success which benefits the organization.

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References
1. Stress (psychological) ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_%28psychological%29
2. Conflict (process); https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_%28process%29
3. 10 Principles of Change Management;
http://www.strategy-business.com/article/rr00006
4. Interpersonal Communication Skills;
http://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/interpersonal-communication.html
5. Managing Resistance to Change: Effective Tactics You Can Use
http://www.imaworldwide.com/blog/bid/176910/Managing-Resistance-toChange-Effective-Tactics-You-Can-Use
6. Top 12 reasons why people resist change; http://www.torbenrick.eu/blog/changemanagement/12-reasons-why-people-resist-change/

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