The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil

is for good men to do nothing.

Edmund Burke

George McAndrews

Chiropractors

Masters of Neuro-Musculoskeletal Medicine

1980 John McMillan Mennell, M.D., prominent medical educator and author, 1980
Q: The musculoskeletal system comprises what portion of the body?
A: As a system, about 60% of the body.
A: I think my testimony was that if you ask a bunch of new residents who come into a
hospital for the first time how long they spent in studying the problems of the
musculoskeletal system, they would, for the most part reply, Zero to about four hours.
I think that was my testimony.
1987 Susan Getzendanner, United States District Court Judge
Even the defendants [the AMAs] economic witness, Mr. Lynk [a Ph.D.
economist], assumed that chiropractors outperformed medical physicians in the
treatment of certain conditions and he believed that was a reasonable assumption.
1998 Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 1998
Nevertheless, seventy (82 percent) of eighty-five medical school graduates from
thirty-seven different schools failed to demonstrate such competency on a validated
examination of fundamental concepts.

2012 Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: In the United States, musculoskeletal disorders
represent the most common health complaints, accounting for more than 130 million
physician visits and 10% to 28% of all primary care visits each year and costing
approximately $850 billion a year. These costs account for a substantial portion of the
countrys health care expenditures. Despite these facts, our own institution [the Johns
Hopkins University Medical School] has had no required medical student musculoskeletal
clerkship rotation or elective for several decades, and a landmark study in 2003 by DiCaprio
et al. found that only 20% of allopathic medical schools in the United States had a dedicated
musculoskeletal clerkship, making the quality of musculoskeletal training for medical school
graduates inadequate. Clawson et al. surveyed 5487 second-year residents in the United
States and found that most reported being ill-prepared in the area of musculoskeletal
medicine, and another survey of pediatric residents identified orthopedics as the main area
in which they believed that their medical school education had been deficient. This
discrepancy appears to persist beyond the training years and into the realm of clinical
practice. In a survey of family care physicians, 51% said that they had insufficient training to
address musculoskeletal issues, which may be related to the fact that 56% of the
respondents stated that medical school was their only source for formal musculoskeletal
instruction.

McAndrews closing
Now, I think I sensed something. At the end of Mr.
Schuylers statement I heard what I heard from Mr. Cherney
and Mr. Carlson, that chiropractic has changed. And thats
amazing. They knew chiropractic had changed back in 1964
when they began their investigation. But its even worse than
that. I hear a hint that they were responsible for the change.
Now, I met a German U-Boat commander one time and
he took credit for the American Olympic swim team being so
good because he said by sinking their ships, he taught them
how to swim. They did everything possible to destroy
chiropractic in their educational program. And now they are
trying to say, yes, its changed.

Wilk et al. v. AMA et al.

Form of Injunction
1. The AMA, its officers, agents and employees, and all persons who act in active concert with any of them
and who receive actual notice of this order are hereby permanently enjoined from restricting, regulating or impeding,
or aiding and abetting others from restricting regulating or impeding, the freedom of any AMA member or any
institution or hospital to make an individual decision as to whether or not that AMA member, institution, or hospital
shall professionally associate with chiropractors, chiropractic students, or chiropractic institutions.
* * *
3. The AMA is directed to send a copy of this order to each AMA member and employee, first class mail,
postage prepaid, within thirty days of the entry of this order. In the alternative, the AMA shall provide the Clerk of the
Court with mailing labels so that the court may send this order to AMA members and employees.
4. The AMA shall cause the publication of this order in JAMA and the indexing of the order under
Chiropractic so that persons desiring to find the order in the future will be able to do so.
5. The AMA shall prepare a statement of the AMAs present position on chiropractic for inclusion in the current
reports and opinions of the Judicial Council with an appropriate heading that refers to professional association
between medical physicians and chiropractors, and indexed in the same manner that other reports and opinions are
indexed. The court imposes no restrictions on the AMAs statement but only requires that it be consistent with the
AMAs statements of its present position to the court.
6. The AMA shall file a report with the court evidencing compliance with this order on or before January 10,
1988.
It is ordered.