Javier de Burgos
Motril Granada
Dep. Matemticas
2 ESO
a. Monomio
b. Expandir/desarrollar
c. Polinomio
d. Parte literal
e. Grado
f. Ecuaciones de 2 grado (cuadrticas)
g. Variable
h. Ecuaciones de 1er grado (lineales)
i. Sustituir
j. Trminos semejantes
k. Calcular el valor numrico
l. Expresin algebraica
m. Coeficiente
n. Incgnita
. Solucin
o. Simplificar
1. ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
When we want to do calculations involving undetermined or unknown numbers, we use letters.
For example:
b) 7p 3q + 5q p =
c) 5c 2b + 2c 3b =
Another example: If we have a rectangle but we dont know its dimensions, how can we express
its area and its perimeter?
w = Width
Area A =
Perimeter P =
l = Lenght
- Exercises
1. Write the algebraic expression for these:
a) Seven less than y:
b) Four multiplied by x:
c) y multiplied by y:
d) Ten divided by b:
f) Half a number:
g) Paul has d DVDs. He buys 3 more. How many DVDs has Paul got now?
h) Rob has a apples. He eats 2 apples. How many apples has Rob got now?
i) The perimeter of a rectangle which length is 2 cm longer than its width:
2. Steven is 16 years old. How old will he be in: a) 5 years?
b) 10 years?
c) x years?
2 2
a b, x 2 ,
2xy , 13, 520x 2y 4 ______________________________
3
1
, 3x 4y , 2x 3 _______________________________
x
Dep. Matemticas
2 ESO
The number is called ____________ and the variables are called ____________.
2 2
ab
3
Examples:
1) 3x2 + 4 x2 + 5x =
2) 4xy3 + 5x2y3 7x2y3 =
3) x2 + 3x 5 + x2 7x 2 =
Examples:
________the exponents.
1) (3x2)(5x) =
2) (4xy3)(7y2) =
3)(-2a4b3)(-5a2b) =
3. POLYNOMIALS. OPERATIONS
A polynomial is an algebraic sum of ____________, for example:
x4 7x3
is a ________________ binomial
4x2 + 2x 7
is a ________________ polynomial
Polynomials are usually written this way, with the terms written in __________________
_________ a polynomial is the same as ________ its number value at a _______ value of the
variable. For instance: Evaluate 2x3 x2 4x + 2 at x = 3:
B(x) = x3 2x2 - 4
A(x) + B(x):
Horizontally:
Vertically:
Dep. Matemticas
2 ESO
Vertically:
4x2 4x 7
x+3
4. EQUATIONS
4.1. BASIC CONCEPTS
_______ the equation means _______ the ________ that makes it true, that is the
________.
Example: There are two values that make true the following equation:
Exercises:
1) Is the value x = 8 solution of any of the following equations?
x - 4 = 10
5 - x = -3
?
- 4 = 10
5-
3x = 12
?
= -3
x
5
4
2x + 4 = 20
x
40
2
x4=-9
x2 36 = 0
3x + 7 = 19
12 2x
2
3
4x + 5 = 15 x
Dep. Matemticas
2 ESO
2) 12 = 2x 5
3) 6 x = - 11
4)
x
14
3
2) 4 7(2x 3) = 3x 4(3x 5)
2 5x
1
3
2
x 2 5x 1 x 1 1
4
9
3
2