iDisc - A New Tool and a New Concept in Risk

Management
What is iDisc ?
It stands for Intelligent Disconnect and is a new concept tool that is run in the BHA and/or in the
HWDP. Its a combined multi position circulation sub and disconnect device.The tool has onboard
intelligence and knows when it is stuck. The Operator can decide, at his discretion, to signal the
tool to disconnect.
Whats the advantage of that?
No surface intervention required other than downlink signals sent to iDisc via conventional
drillstring dynamics. Open the circ valve for hole cleaning management and LCM dump if
required. If the BHA becomes stuck, disconnect process can be activated. No electric line,
explosives or risky mechanical back-offs.Disconnects can be effected in highly deviated or
horizontal wells where wireline cannot be deployed.
How does it Work?
iDisc has the unique ability to realise if it is stuck. It does this by sensing its environment through
accelerometers, pressure sensors and compression / proximity sensors. The data is fed into its
onboard computer and the tool moves into various modes depending upon inputs. Please see
the iDisc Process Chart which graphically demonstrates the various modes including the
process to disconnect. The data in this chart is taken from a real stuck pipe situation with the
iDisc modes and reactions interpreted into the chart. In other words, this is how iDisc would
react to that data. Data from "Countdown" and actual "disconnect" data on the chart is inserted
by us to demonstrate how a Disconnect would actually take place.
The actual disconnect mechanics are shown in the animation. Please see the FAQ which should
answer any other questions.

Features & Benefits

Features
1. Multiple position circulating valve
2. No surface intervention via drop balls
3. Strong mechanical design in terms of drive splines (proven technology) and segmented
clutch (easy to understand and obvious strength)
4. Interlocked mechanical, electrical and software safety systems to control the disconnect
5. Duplicated trigger mechanisms. 100% redundancy
6. Modular electronics assemblies with sensor redundancy
7. Systems check for trigger mechanism and electronics
8. Reliable and robust
9. Full bore

10. Onboard intelligence requires no activation from surface

11. Low power consumption. Long battery life
12. Minimal maintenance
13. Fully programmable to clients spec
14. Surface box to provide tool status and guide Driller through disconnect process
Benefits
1. Circ sub delivers improved hole cleaning while drilling, quick clean up at section TD and
high concentration LCM dump bypassing the BHA.Circ sub
2. Downlink to open circ valve into multiple positions. No drop balls. Full throughbore
3. Allows a controlled disconnect in any well regardless of well design
4. Customer can choose to disconnect in response to the best economic scenario
5. Disconnect can be effected by the drill crew without the need for specialist service
personnel
6. No surface equipment required
7. Disconnect can be aborted at any time during the process
8. Disconnected tool leaves a specific profile to fish on if required
9. Multiple tools with different programmes can be run in the string to allow disconnects in
various positions
10. Removes elements of risk when considering ambitious well design

iDisc Comparison Chart

iDisc
Disconnect when desired
No specialist crew required
Clean fishing neck left
Can be shipped by air
Controlled
Reliable
Instantly deployable
Component of BHA
Safe with no special precautions

Mechanical
Back Off

String
Shot

Severing
Charge

Chemical
Cutter

Can disconnect in
horizontal
and high
inclination

..

Key
Meets requirement =
Does not meet requirement =

iDisc - HSE Advantages

iDisc when compared to Current Methods displays significant HSE advantages over current
procedures and the use of Explosives and/or Chemicals.
iDisc does NOT involve the use of:
1. Working into the drillstring Left Hand Torque with the inherent dangers in the uncontrolled
release of that torque.
2. The use of Explosives, detonators and electrical firing systems that may require radio
silence to rig up and deploy.
3. The use of extremely Hazardous acidic Chemicals which cannot be flown and must be
transported in controlled environments. Their application must be executed by specialists
and under controlled circumstances.

Why run iDisc ?

1st Reason...
Running iDisc in your BHA gives you control over potential stuck pipe scenarios. Hopefully it
won't happen and maybe you will get free but in todays cost environment......hopefully and
maybe are two words you don't want to be using in the context of your operation. Run an iDisc
in your BHA and/or in the HWDP. You can set them with different parameters so they know which
one you are speaking to. They have onboard intelligence and will realise when the BHA is stuck.
All you have to do is follow the process and send the final signal relating to whichever iDisc you
want to trigger. See the iDisc Process Chart which graphically shows the whole process from
start to finish.
2nd Reason...

Highly deviated and horizontal wells preclude the use of Wireline unless dragged by a tractor. By
running iDisc, you have the capability to disconnect at any angle at any depth.
3rd Reason...
Save cost. By running an iDisc you will not be waiting on wireline crews or be logistically
constrained. Disconnection is at your discretion. Don't be constrained by Dangerous Goods
carriage i.e shipping chemical cutters etc. If you are running all MWD/LWD tools either in your
development or exploration well, the only reason to have that Wireline unit and toolhouse is for
Drilling Support. That's in the region of $100,000 per month.......standing by just in case you need
to blow the string off. There are some operators who are removing the wireline unit and taking a
chance that it will not be required.......in this business, its not worth taking chances. Running an
iDisc gives you all the drilling support you need. A controlled disconnect at your discretion and
a clean fishing profile to latch back onto with your heavy jarring BHA. See the FAQ section for
answers to your questions.
4th Reason...
Safety. Run an iDisc and you will not have to perform any hazardous procedures involving
working down left hand torque to assist an explosive back off.

iDisc - Current Methods

Mechanical Back Off:
Anybody who has done a mechanical back off i.e put left hand torque into the drillstring, worked it
down and successfully backed off at or close to the intended point, will tell you how difficult and
unpredictable it is. Even more so in a highly deviated or horizontal well but sometimes this will be
your only solution of you want to back off in inclinations higher than 70 degrees or you do not
want to wait the time it may take to mobilise a wireline crew with equipment.
String Shot:
Same procedure as above but with the added complications of not being able to use the TDS to
put your torque in because you have wireline running into the drillstring. Usually involves putting
the LH torque in with the rotary table or taking bites with the make up tong (upside down),
holding it in with the back up tong with an extra long snub line, picking up the string with the
blocks and trying to work the torque down.
Can be very dangerous due to the inherent forces being exerted by the back up snub line being
forced out of perpendicular alignment when reciprocating the string. Its not unusual for the tong
to slip on the pipe and suddenly release the torque in an uncontrolled manner. Once the torque is
worked down, the wireline contractor will fire the string shot and deliver the hammer blow at the
connection you want to back off at.

Not including misfires, possibly a 50% success rate and sometimes can bell out the box
connection. Not much good with horizontal wells unless a wireline tractor is used.
Severing Charge:
Basically this is a large explosive shaped charge to sever the drillpipe or drillcollar. If it works first
time which is not guaranteed, it usually leaves a very ragged fishing neck which will need
dressed with a mill show before an external catch with an overshot could be made. Severing
charges are usually last resort after back offs have failed or back offs have been made too high
up in the string.
Again, they are run on wireline so are restricted to maximum 70 degrees inclination. Suitable
severing charges may not be on the rig and have to be mobilised.
Chemical Cutters:
An alternative to the severing charges and very effective. A corrosive chemical is ejected at high
pressure via a piston driven by an explosive charge. A 360 degree jet of acid cuts through the
steel and leaves a very clean cut. This is a specialist service and is not readily available in all
areas.
The chemicals cannot be flown in any aircraft and must be driven and/or sailed to the rigsite. A
specialist crew is also required. Run on wireline so still limited by inclination.

Dimensions
If you are interested in discovering more about the technical dimensions of iDiscplease click
here for a dimension drawing of the 8" nominal iDisc tool.
Please Note:
This above links to a PDF document. If you experience problems opening it please ensure that
you have pop ups unblocked.

Design & Engineering

Design Capability
We thrive on challenges. Over the years we have built up a comprehensive capability to design,
manufacture and test the products that we develop. As well as developing our own products we
collaborate with clients in furthering their own special projects.

The creative results of our Design Department can be demonstrated by the range of products
that we have developed. Our capabilities range from straight forward mechanical CAD through to
more sophisticated design techniques. Our design staff work to the latest international standards.
As well as designing products we have experience in providing a wide variety of technical
documentation ranging from technical reports to user manuals and design briefs. Our
documentation is user-friendly therefore easy to understand, avoiding technical jargon and
abbreviations which can create confusion.

Downhole Tool Manufacturing

Our Engineering Facility has developed over many years as a specialist downhole tool
manufacturer.
Our first products were integral blade stabilizer bodies which we manufactured up to 36"
diameter.
More sophisticated products have followed over the years including fishing tools, directional
drilling tools and core drilling equipment.
One of our many strengths is manufacturing complex hardfaced components, combining our
proven hardfacing technology with its sophisticated engineering expertise to produce industry
leading components and tools.
We manufacture components and tools to comply with the industry's various standards API, DS1,
NS1, we are also approved to API Spec Q1, API Spec 7, Lloyds register ISO 9001:2000.

Engineering Capabilities
At IDT we are totally committed to meeting customer requirements in terms of quality and
service.
We place considerable importance on the experience, expertise and training of our staff, as this
is critical for our future success and continued growth.

Established in 1968, we have evolved to offer a comprehensive engineering service to

companies in the energy sector.
Since 1974 IDT have occupied a 25,000 sq ft facility offering an extensive range of engineering
workshop services.
These include a dedicated cell for engineering of small components, plus a large component
engineering shop. Ancillary operations also include phosphating and shot peening. IDT is
accredited with both API Q1 and ISO 9001-2000 CAD/CAM.
All CNC machines are linked to the DNC system which allows the management of all
programmes. With the CAM system machines can be programmed remotely using drawings from
the CAD system. 3D animated CAD models can be constructed to prove concepts and to
perform stress analysis before metal is cut.
Inspection
IDT has a modern Inspection facility with equipment traceable to national standards. Facilities for
hardness testing, BHN, Vickers and Rockwell are all supported, plus a wide range of API and
thread gauges, ultrasonic, MPI and dye penetrant inspection.

-=-

Oil & Gas Intelligence 2.0: The right time for a

Big Data Revolution.
21 Apr 2015
433 kunjungan
30 Suka

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A silent but definite shift is taking place in the Oil & Gas
industry. This shift has been triggered because of the
convergence of 3 important forces that have a cascading
multiplier effect on the health of all other industries. So, what are
the hidden forces powering the transformation of the Oil & Gas
industry? What real life opportunities present themselves from a

big data analytics perspective on the upstream and downstream

side? What impact do these use cases have on the cost and
bottom line economics? In this blog, Flutura would share a point
of view based on extensive interactions with leaders at the global
hub of the Oil & Gas industry Houston.

What is the stimulus for Oil & Gas transformation?

If we look deep down at some of the fundamental irreversible

market forces at work within the industry, we see 3 important
themes causing a tectonic shift to impact the industrys
economics.

Oil & Gas Trend-1: Ageing work force

Of the most important problems looming large at the industry is
the fact that almost half of the Oil & gas workforce will retire in
the next 2-3 years according to reports. As this valuable

generation exits the work force, a lot of experiential knowledge

regarding various aspects of oil operations goes out with them.
This is driving Oil & Gas companies to look at codifying the
experiential knowledge of these veterans who will soon exit the
system.

Oil & Gas Trend-2: Extreme Pricing Pressures

The steep plunge in Oil prices to almost 50 percent as OPEC
refused to cut production in response to the highest U.S. output in
three decades. With Oil prices at a historic low, cost optimization
to minimize margin erosion is of paramount importance the
need of the hour is to increase overall margins/profitability and
generate cash flow.

Oil & Gas trend-3: Accelerated asset digitization

The last mile in the oil industry is a sensor jungle which consists
of a variety of MWD (Measurement while drilling) and LWD
(Logging while drilling) sensors and SCADA devices. Thousands of
these sensors are measuring multiple things from drill rpm, mud
flow rates, CO gas emissions, valve positions, pump states, and in
the process emit billions of events.
These dramatic times present perfect opportunities to drive
efficiency programs, and data is a competitive weapon that can
be used to achieve this business outcome.

What are 3 Game changing big data use case families which impact oil & gas cost
outcomes?

1.

Real time drilling operations intelligence

2.

Rig Asset calibration

3.

Single 360 degree view of well intelligence

Use case family-1: Real time drilling operations intelligence

As upstream operations are being performed, a variety of
operating parameters are captured in real time like torque, rpm,
pump pressures, flow out etc. These data points are captured
using historians, condition monitoring systems and SCADA
devices.

Some of the business questions which can provide deeper insights

and situational awareness into operational performance are:

What is the frequency and recency of out of bound

conditions for the various parameters outlined above?

What is the spread of Anomaly alerts across various alert

types and what is their relative direction in terms of velocity? Is
alarm velocity increasing / decreasing?

Is there a correlation between the out of bound of drill rpm

rhythms from MWD Sensor data and operators experience?

What are the frequent sequence of events (mud flow, Drill

pressure, temperature, CO2) exhibited in rhythm disturbances
prior to a near miss event which can trigger shutdown actions
before an adverse event occurs?

Use case family-2: Calibrating Rig Assets

One of the most frequent problems encountered in the rig is the

occurrence of assets that are poorly calibrated. For instance,
hydro-mechanical gauges can over-report hookload. The Impact?
False perception of getting more WOB than in reality. So, the basic
question one needs to answer using big data analytics is what
calibration parameters discriminate the healthy devices from the
unhealthy devices. Once we analyze the degree of variances, one
can trigger a re-calibration intervention in the front-lines.
Advanced visualization techniques like Box plots can amplify
variation pattern differences to the engineer which can trigger a

front-line asset re-calibration event through maintenance

workflow engines like Maximo.

Use case family-3: Rig 360 intelligence

Currently the gap in intelligence is due to a holistic 360 degree

view of rig. Data is fragmented across a variety of systems like
Condition monitoring systems, Historians, Maximo, MWD and
LWD logging systems, Seismic data, Weather Data and Sensor
data ( flow meters, pressure, ROP ) in SCADA. Having a holistic
view of the rig in an Oil & gas data lake can reveal considerable
opportunities for cost optimization. For instance, unplanned
downtimes bleed the industry of nearly a $100 Billion every year
the failure of a critical equipment such as an ESP can cost an

operator millions of dollars per unit and add to safety risk as well.
Cutting across multiple data sets can help identify key early
warning signals and failure signatures that are vital for failure
prevention.

Concluding thoughts

Tough times dont last but tough organizations do. The present
situation offers an opportunity for Oil & Gas companies to reimagine how they approach data intelligence. A good first step
would be to create an Operational data science group
to institutionalize analytics and a data platform
to industrialize analytics.
-=-=-=-

Monte Carlo Simulation

Watch Testimonials

Douglas Hubbard
Hubbard Decision Research
Time: 00:35 sec
"Running Monte Carlos is the only way to analyze big uncertain decisions. "

John Zhao
Suncor Energy
Time: 02:36 min
"It's mandated [at Suncor] to do Monte Carlo simulation on all major projects' capital cost estimates. "

Risk analysis is part of every decision we make. We are constantly faced with uncertainty, ambiguity, and
variability. And even though we have unprecedented access to information, we cant accurately predict the future.
Monte Carlo simulation (also known as the Monte Carlo Method) lets you see all the possible outcomes of your
decisions and assess the impact of risk, allowing for better decision making under uncertainty.

What is Monte Carlo simulation?

Monte Carlo simulation is a computerized mathematical technique that allows people to account for risk in
quantitative analysis and decision making. The technique is used by professionals in such widely disparate fields
as finance, project management, energy, manufacturing, engineering, research and development, insurance, oil
& gas, transportation, and the environment.
Monte Carlo simulation furnishes the decision-maker with a range of possible outcomes and the probabilities they
will occur for any choice of action.. It shows the extreme possibilitiesthe outcomes of going for broke and for
the most conservative decisionalong with all possible consequences for middle-of-the-road decisions.
The technique was first used by scientists working on the atom bomb; it was named for Monte Carlo, the Monaco
resort town renowned for its casinos. Since its introduction in World War II, Monte Carlo simulation has been
used to model a variety of physical and conceptual systems.

How Monte Carlo simulation works

Monte Carlo simulation performs risk analysis by building models of possible results by substituting a range of
valuesaprobability distributionfor any factor that has inherent uncertainty. It then calculates results over and
over, each time using a different set of random values from the probability functions. Depending upon the number
of uncertainties and the ranges specified for them, a Monte Carlo simulation could involve thousands or tens of
thousands of recalculations before it is complete. Monte Carlo simulation produces distributions of possible
outcome values.
By using probability distributions, variables can have different probabilities of different outcomes occurring.
Probability distributions are a much more realistic way of describing uncertainty in variables of a risk analysis.
Common probability distributions include:
Normal Or bell curve. The user simply defines the mean or expected value and a standard deviation to
describe the variation about the mean. Values in the middle near the mean are most likely to occur. It is
symmetric and describes many natural phenomena such as peoples heights. Examples of variables described
by normal distributions include inflation rates and energy prices.
Lognormal Values are positively skewed, not symmetric like a normal distribution. It is used to represent values
that dont go below zero but have unlimited positive potential. Examples of variables described by lognormal
distributions include real estate property values, stock prices, and oil reserves.
Uniform All values have an equal chance of occurring, and the user simply defines the minimum and
maximum. Examples of variables that could be uniformly distributed include manufacturing costs or future sales
revenues for a new product.
Triangular The user defines the minimum, most likely, and maximum values. Values around the most likely are
more likely to occur. Variables that could be described by a triangular distribution include past sales history per
unit of time and inventory levels.
PERT- The user defines the minimum, most likely, and maximum values, just like the triangular distribution.
Values around the most likely are more likely to occur. However values between the most likely and extremes
are more likely to occur than the triangular; that is, the extremes are not as emphasized. An example of the use
of a PERT distribution is to describe the duration of a task in a project management model.

Discrete The user defines specific values that may occur and the likelihood of each. An example might be the
results of a lawsuit: 20% chance of positive verdict, 30% change of negative verdict, 40% chance of settlement,
and 10% chance of mistrial.
During a Monte Carlo simulation, values are sampled at random from the input probability distributions. Each set
of samples is called an iteration, and the resulting outcome from that sample is recorded. Monte Carlo simulation
does this hundreds or thousands of times, and the result is a probability distribution of possible outcomes. In this
way, Monte Carlo simulation provides a much more comprehensive view of what may happen. It tells you not
only what could happen, but how likely it is to happen.
Monte Carlo simulation provides a number of advantages over deterministic, or single-point estimate analysis:

Probabilistic Results. Results show not only what could happen, but how likely each outcome is.
Graphical Results. Because of the data a Monte Carlo simulation generates, its easy to create
graphs of different outcomes and their chances of occurrence. This is important for communicating
findings to other stakeholders.
Sensitivity Analysis. With just a few cases, deterministic analysis makes it difficult to see which
variables impact the outcome the most. In Monte Carlo simulation, its easy to see which inputs had
the biggest effect on bottom-line results.
Scenario Analysis: In deterministic models, its very difficult to model different combinations of values
for different inputs to see the effects of truly different scenarios. Using Monte Carlo simulation,
analysts can see exactly which inputs had which values together when certain outcomes occurred.
This is invaluable for pursuing further analysis.
Correlation of Inputs. In Monte Carlo simulation, its possible to model interdependent relationships
between input variables. Its important for accuracy to represent how, in reality, when some factors
goes up, others go up or down accordingly.

An enhancement to Monte Carlo simulation is the use of Latin Hypercube sampling, which samples more
accurately from the entire range of distribution functions.