Dry measurements

Remember these are all leveled at the top which means that a tablespoon has a
level top, not a big round hill in the center and valleys along the edges.
Cups

Decimal

Tablespoons

Teaspoons

1.00

16

48

3/4

0.75

12

36

2/3

0.67

11

32

1/2

0.50

24

1/3

0.33

16

1/4

0.25

12

1/8

0.13

1/16

0.063

3 teaspoons = 1 tablespoon
1 ounce = 28 grams
1 pound = 16 ounces = 454 grams
1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds
8 quarts = 1 peck
4 pecks = 1 bushel
1 pinch about 1/16 teaspoon the amount you can hold between your thumb
and two fingers

Beans
1 can of beans = is usually 15 ounces undrained about 10 ounces drained 1/4
pound dried beans
1 pound dried beans about 2 cups dried beans makes about 5 cups soaked
beans makes about 7 cups cooked
1 pound dried beans 4 cans drained

Cheese
1 pound cheese 4.5 cups shredded
1 cup shredded cheese a little more than 4 ounces by weight
1 cup cottage cheese 1/2 pound

Chocolate
1 cup cocoa 1/4 pound
1 ounce chocolate 1/4 cup grated
1 cup chocolate chips 6 ounces by weight

Garlic
Small clove of garlic 1/2 teaspoon
Medium clove 1 teaspoon 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder

Large clove 1.5 teaspoons

Extra-large clove 2 teaspoons

Flour
1 cup flour 5 ounces by weight 150 grams
1 tablespoon flour for thickening 1/2 tablespoon cornstarch
1 pound white flour 4 cups sifted flour
1 pound cake flour 4.5 cups sifted flour
1 pound whole wheat flour 3.5 cups

Mushrooms
1 pound trimmed fresh mushrooms
5 cups chopped
1 (8 ounce) can sliced mushrooms, drained
3 ounces dried mushrooms, rehydrated
2 cups sauted

Pasta and rice

4 ounces dry macaroni 1 cup 3 cups cooked and drained
4 ounces dry spaghetti or other noodles 1.75 cups 4 to 5 cups cooked and
drained
1 cup uncooked white rice 1/2 pound
1 cup uncooked white rice + 2 cups boiling water 3 cups cooked rice
1 cup brown whole grain rice 1/2 pound 2.25 cups boiling water = 4 cups of
cooked rice

Saffron
1 gram of saffron about 450 threads (a.k.a. stigmas, strings, strands, or pieces)
2 teaspoons of whole saffron threads
1/2 teaspoon crumbled
1/4 teaspoon powdered

Salt & Brines

1 teaspoon Morton's table salt
1.25 teaspoons Morton's Kosher Salt
1 teaspoons Morton's Pickling Salt

Here's the inverse:

1 teaspoons Morton's Kosher Salt
0.8 teaspoon of table salt
0.8 teaspoons Morton's Pickling Salt
1 cup table salt 8 ounces (1/2 pound) by weight
Salt is 2.16 x density of water
Dry brine. Sprinkle the meat with about 1/2 teaspoon of kosher salt per trimmed
pound, wrap in plastic wrap to keep other foods from contacting meat juices, and
refrigerate for 2 to 12 hours depending on thickness.
Basic wet brine. Add one cup of hot water to a two cup measuring cup. Then pour
in salt, any salt, until the water line reaches 1.5 cups. Produces a 6.3% brine.
1/2" thick meat should be brined for about 1/2 hour in the refrigerator
1" thick meat should be brined for about 1 hour in the refrigerator

2" thick meat should be brined for about 4 hours in the refrigerator
3" thick meat should be brined for about 12 hours in the refrigerator

Sugars
1 cup granulated white sugar 8 ounces by weight
1 cup packed dark brown sugar 6 ounces by weight 250 grams by weight
1 cup packed dark brown sugar 1 cup granulated white sugar + 2 tablespoons
molasses
1 cup packed dark brown sugar 1 cup of granulated white sugar + 1 tablespoon
molasses
1 cup honey 3/4 cup sugar + 1/4 cup water
1 cup corn syrup 1 cup sugar dissolved in 1/4 cup water
Simple syrup is 1 cup of sugar with 1 cup of water thoroughly dissolved

Fats
1 stick butter = 8 tablespoons = 4 ounces = 1/4 pound = 113 grams = 1/2 cup by
volume = 1/2 cup vegetable oil
1 pound solid fat (lard or shortening) 2 cups

Nuts
The info below is estimated and can vary depending on the size of the nuts and
their freshness.
Fresh nuts have a higher water content.
Almonds. 1 pound unshelled 1.5 cups nut meats
Almonds. 1 cup 5.5 ounces
Pecans. 1 pound unshelled 2.25 cups nut meats
Pecans. 1 cup 3.8 ounces
Walnuts. 1 pound unshelled 2 cups nut meats
Walnuts. 1 cup 3.6 ounces
Cashews. 1 cup 5.0 ounces
Peanuts. 1 cup 6.0 ounces
Ground Beef
Ground chuck usually is 15% fat
Ground round usually is about 10% fat
Ground sirloin usually is about 5% fat
1 pound boneless meat 3 cups cubed meat

Other
Apple. 1 medium apple 1/2 cup slices or chopped
Bread Crumbs. 1 slice bread 1/2 cup bread crumbs
Coffee.1 coffee scoop = 2 tablespoons
Gelatin. 1 tablespoon = 1 envelope = 4 sheets leaf gelatin
Herbs. 2 to 3 parts fresh herbs 1 part dried (most of the time)
Mustard. 1 tablespoon mustard 1 teaspoon dry mustard
Onion. 1 large onion 4" diameter 1 1/4 cup chopped
Pasta. 1 pound serves 4 people
Popcorn. 1/4 cup popcorn 5 cups cooked
Tomatoes. 1 pound tomatoes 1.5 cups chopped
Yeast. 1 packet active dry yeast = 2.25 teaspoons

Wet measurements
Wet volumetric measurements like tablespoons, teaspoons, allow for a little
bubble in the center but the edges of the liquid should meet the edges of the
spoon. In cups it is the center of the meniscus that you measure too. The
meniscus is the upward slope where the liquid contacts the sides.
Cups Decimal Ounces Tablespoons Teaspoons Milliliters Grams
1

1.00

16

48

237

236.56

3/4

0.75

12

36

177

177.42

2/3

0.67

11

32

158

157.71

1/2

0.50

24

118

118.28

1/3

0.33

16

79

78.85

1/4

0.25

12

59

59.14

1/8

0.13

30

29.57

1/16

0.063

0.5

15

14.785

1 dash 3 drops 1/16 teaspoon

3 teaspoons = 1 tablespoon
1 shot of whiskey = 2 tablespoons
1 jigger of whiskey = 3 tablespoons
1 pint = 2 cups = 1 pound (a pint's a pound the world around)
1 quart = 2 pints = 4 cups = 32 fluid ounces = 0.95 liters
1 gallon = 4 quarts = 128 fluid ounces = 3.785 liters = 3785 cubic centimeters
1 liter = 100 centiliters = 1000 milliliters = 34 fluid ounces = 1.0 quarts
1 #10 can = 0.75 gallons

Water
1 fluid ounce of water weighs 1.043 dry ounces = 0.0652 pounds = 29.574 grams
1 gram of water = 0.0022 pounds = 0.1408 ounces
1 mg of water = 0.0014 ounces

Cream
Light cream 18% butterfat
Light whipping cream 26-30% butterfat
Heavy cream = whipping cream 36% or more butterfat
Double cream = extra-thick double cream = clotted or Devonshire cream 42%
butterfat
1 cup cream 3/4 cup milk + 1/4 cup unsalted butter (use only in cooking)
1 cup buttermilk 1 cup plain yogurt 1 cup milk + 1 tablespoons lemon juice
1 cup half and half 1/2 cup cream + 1/2 cup milk

Juices
Tomato Juice. 1 cup tomato juice 1/2 cup tomato sauce + 1/2 cup water
Lemon or Lime Juice. 1 medium lemon, lime 2 tablespoons of juice 1 ounce
Orange Juice. 1 medium orange 4 tablespoons juice 2 ounces

Eggs
1 large egg 2 ounces by volume 3 tablespoons
1 large egg's white 2 tablespoons
1 large egg yolk 1 tablespoon
1 cup 4 to 6 whole eggs without shells

Vinaigrette
A classic vinaigrette is 3 parts oil and 1 part vinegar

Wine & Whiskey

1 bottle of wine = 750 ml = 25.3 ounces
1 barrel of wine 60 gallons 300 bottles
1 ton of grapes 2 barrels of wine
1 barrel of bourbon 53 gallons 200 liters per barrel 267 bottles
1 fifth = 25.6 ounces
Temperature
Click here for the ultimate meat temperature guide.

Conversion formulae
Celsius or Centigrade = (Fahrenheit - 32) / 1.8
Fahrenheit = (Celsius x 1.8) + 32C

Important temperature equivalents

400F = 204C = hot oven
350F = 177C
300F = 149C
250F = 121C
225F = 107C = ideal smoking temperature
212F = 100C = water boils
203F = 95C = pork butt, beef brisket, and beef ribs are done
180F = 82C
170F = 77C
160F = 71C
130F = 54C = medium rare
72F = 22C = room temperature
32F = 0C = water freezes
0F = -18C

Cooking at altitude
Boiling point goes down about 2F for every 1,000 feet above sea level.

Briquets
1 quart 16 Kingsford briquets
1 Weber chimney 5 quarts 80 briquets
Figure 100 square inches of cooking surface per person when buying a grill
Slow cookers & crockpots

Low. Approximately 200F

Medium. Approximately 250F
High. Approximately 300F

If there is a lot of liquid in the crock, the water temp will rise to 212F and stay
there no matter what temp you have on the dial.

Distances
1 centimeter = 0.4 inches
1 meter = 100 centimeters = 1000 millimeters = 3.28 feet
1 inch = 25.4 millimeters = 2.54 centimeters
1 foot = 0.305 meters

Calories
1 gram of carbohydrates contains 3.75 calories
1 gram of fat contains 9 calories
1 gram of protein contains 4 calories
1 gram of alcohol contains 7 calories

This page was revised 4/23/2015