Preprints of the Contributions to the

Paris Congress, 2-8 September 1984

ADHESIVES AND CONSOLIDANTS

Edited by N.S. Brommelle, Elizabeth M. Pye,

Perry Smith and Garry Thomson

CONTENTS
Editorial

Introduction

Adhesion and adhesives - some fundamentals

K. W. ALLEN

The procedure of developing an adhesive for paintings: the importance of valid tests
GUSTAV A. BERGER and HAROLD I. ZELIGER

13

Adhesive testing at the Canadian Conservation Institute, past and future

JANE L. DOWN

18

Strength testing of adhesives and consolidants for conservation purposes

SUSAN BRADLEY

22

Risk assessment as applied to the setting of solvent toxicity limits

NORBERTS.BAER

26

Influence of the modification of dispersions on film properties

E. DE WITTE, S. FLORQUIN and M. GOESSENS-LANDRIE

32

Polymer dispersions artificially aged

RACHEL HOWELLS, AVIVA BURNSTOCK, GERRY HEDLEY and STEPHEN HACKNEY

36

Dispersion as lining adhesive and its scope

V R. MEHRA

44

Silicone polymers for relining of paintings

ROBERT E.FIEUX

46

The conservation of leather bookbindings

B.M. HAINES

50

Methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose: an evaluation for use in paper conservation through
accelerated aging
CATHLEEN A. BAKER

55

Graft copolymerization as a method of preserving papers: problems and potentialities

M. L. BURSTALL, C. C. MOLLETT and C. E. BUTLER

60

Adhesives for the consolidation of textiles

J. VERDU, V BELLENGER and M. O. KLEITZ

64

Influence of adhesives on the conservation of textiles

L. MASSCHELEIN-KLEINER and F BERGIERS

70

An old adhesive - starch paste. A new technique - the suction table offers new horizons in the treatment of brittle textiles
FONDA GHIARDITHOMSEN

74

Adhesive formulations manipulated by the addition of fumed colloidal silica

GREGORY S. BYRNE

78

Infrared studies of the kinetics of insolubilization of soluble nylon

FRANK BOCKHOFF, KER-MIN GUO, GEORGE E. RICHARDS and ESTHER BOCKHOFF

81

The use of silicones in the preservation of a field site - the Lark Quarry dinosaur trackways
NEVILLE AGNEW

87

Materials used for preserving fossil specimens since 1930: a review

FRANCIS M. P. HOWIE -

92

The consolidation of archaeological bone

STEPHEN R KOOB

98

The continued use of shellac as an adhesive - why?

STEPHEN R KOOB

103

The performance of coatings and consolidants used for archaeological iron

SUZANNE KEENE

104

The removal of microcrystalline wax from archaeological ironwork

ROSEMARIE JOHNSON

107

Injection grouting of mural paintings and mosaics

D. FERRAGNI, M. FORTI, J. MALLIET, R MORA, J. M. TEUTONICO and G. TORRACA

110

Natural adhesives in East Asian paintings

JOHN WINTER

117

'Nikawa' - traditional production of animal glue in Japan

TSUNEYUKI MORITA

121

The manufacture and use of Japanese wheat starch adhesives in the treatment of Far Eastern pictorial art
PAUL WILLS

123

Vegetable adhesives used in the workshop of the Hyogushi, restorer and mounter of Japanese paintings
KATSUHIKO MASUDA

127

Study of adhesives for marquetry

BERNARD CALLEDE and ANNA 0STRUP

129

The conservation of an eighth century BC table from Gordion

R. PAYTON

133

Some practical aspects in the choice of synthetic resins for the repair of ethnographic skin and gut
JULIA FENN

138

The examination and treatment of ivory and related materials

CAROL E. SNOW and TERRY DRAYMAN WEISSER

141

Strength evaluation of deteriorated wood treated with consolidants

ARNO R SCHNIEWIND and DALE P. KRONKRIGHT

146

Laboratory evaluation of stone consolidants

JAMES R. CLIFTON

151

Treatment of stone with synthetic resins for its protection against damage by freeze-thaw cycles
TADATERU NISHIURA, MASAMI FUKUDA and SADATOSHI MIURA

156

The consolidation of limestone using a lime poultice and limewater

C. A. PRICE

160

The treatment of calcite-cemented sandstone with acrylic-siliconate mixture in limewater

RAFFAELLA ROSSI-MANARESI and ANTONELLA TUCCI

163

The treatment of polychrome mediaeval English stone sculpture in the museum environment
JOHN LARSON and JENNIFER DINSMORE

167

The use of organo-silanes for the treatment of limestone in an advanced state of deterioration
S. B. HANNA

171

The influence of relative humidity in the polymerization of methyl trimethoxy silane

A. E. CHAROLA, G. E. WHEELER and G. G. FREUND

177

SEM examination of limestones treated with silanes or prepolymerized silicone resin in solution
A. E. CHAROLA, R. ROSSI-MANARESI, R. J. KOESTLER, G. E. WHEELER and A. TUCCI

182

The use of silanes in glass conservation

RAYMOND F ERRETT, MERRILL LYNN and ROBERT H. BRILL

185

A review of adhesives and consolidants used on glass antiquities

S. DAVISON

191

Effect of mastics on the behaviour of stained glass windows

JEAN-MARIE BETTEMBOURG, JEAN-JACQUES BURCK, JACQUES DRIVIERE and JEAN-PIERRE HENRY

195

Field application of stained glass conservation techniques

STEVEN WEINTRAUB and MELVILLE GREENLAND

199

In situ repair of architectural glass

THOMAS H. TAYLOR Jr

202

The significance of the refractive index of adhesives for glass repair

205

NORMAN H. TENNENT and JOYCE H. TOWNSEND

Relevant adhesive terminology

213

Contributors

220