Developing Virtual Protection System for Control and Self-healing of Power System
Abstract
Vahid Salehi
Osama Mohammed
Fellow, IEEE
Florida International University
10555 W Flagler
Miami, FL 33174, USA
mohammed@fiu.edu
Index
Control,
Terms-Virtual
Wide
Area
Protection
Protection,
System,
Power
Wide
System
Area
Real-time
I.
INTRODUCTION
Power System
Corrective
&
Preventive
Action
Security
constrains
Performance
Enhancement
Automatic
Generator Control
Control System
Fig.
Automatic
Emergency Control
control procedure
Page 2 of 7
Power System
----------------------------
.I Power System
("'l Data Acquisition
Proper Protection
Real-time wide
System
(less than second
Voltage
I--
Monitoring
..
&
Control System
(minute time
frame)
time frame)
Real-time System
Parameter
Calculations
.Voltage Sequences
Current Sequences
Reactive Power
Network Impedance
Power Factor
Frequency
Voltage Angles
Current Angles
Unbalance Factors
Current Differential
Stability Indexes
Fig.
& Currents
Active Power
Conventional
area Monitoring
and Control
System Topology
-------------------
r-I
procedure
Page 3 of 7
III.
Llnl" 0060
lIn 0430
BU10410
--
Page 4 of 7
A.
B.
D.
Fault
Overcurrent Function
(I):
T=T
(11 )B -1
P
+C)
Distance Protection
LR
Zone 2
(I)
E.
Page 5 of 7
or
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a
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Switch Sutus
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At.'"-n
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ON
"""'
..
... 0s;-
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>
<tl
---,
200-1____
0-
-200-
Single
Phase SC
-400-,
10:38:35.04
Reactive Plot
10:40:17.0
Time (sec)
750-,....-----:-
.. -;:..
,....--Relay
Trip
500l-_____...J \
250-
0-,
10:38:34.97
Frequency Plot
10:40:16.9
Time (sec)
60.3,....---60.2:
59.8:
59.7,
10:38:36.06
Time (sec)
,
10:40:17.06
Page 6 of 7
"Co
..
K,.
I
I
I
I
I
l.Ouut.JUtl
.
tr.iiIi\
FIU""''''''
Switch Sutus
*-,,'-dIl.abor""J
--
c.,..,..CJD11M ..... _
Wf.-r,..
.<-......
foooIk
...... ...,
....uJ)
...
......
1/nIMti
Fig. 12. Generic relay tripping action for single phase outage of motor
FIU""'-'
SwUch Sutus:
l.-'''''_
.............
A(_n...
a:1AM
"""' ..
l'*J7S)'WIIIIMh""""....,.
f.....
c.".....eJOlI ... ...- __
Fig. 10. Generic relay tripping action for single phase to ground fault
Active Power
.
t:
<
500-
Phase
disconnection
-50-,
00:12:27.07
Reactive Plot
ii
r------,d"'ls"'coccnn,..::-=-c;=-=-
150---Relay Trip
100----....,'-----..J
600 -
Phase
Connection
Relay is active
Time (sec)
00:14:09.0
Time (sec)
00:14:06.0
400-f------.
200..
"'
"i:'
"'
0-,
00:12:24.02
'--_--1
58.75:,
00:12:21.89
00:14:02.89
Time (sec)
These two cases are two applicable tests that we can carry
out at lab scale for testing the generic relay model which is
developed for wide area monitoring and protection schemes.
Beside of implementing the idea of Virtual Protection
System, educational features of this relay for students and
researches who are working on real-time aspects of power
system protection functions and coordination concepts in a
realistic power system test-bed is clear. Fig. 13 shows the
application of this VPS for power system wide area
monitoring, protection and control system. By developing the
VPS system we can achieve following applications in wide
area monitoring, protection and control of power system:
The VPS can be used in wide area protection system to
monitor system status for abnormalities such as
over/under voltage, overloads of equipments and any
other condition that the system may have enough time
for detecting upcoming protection system events. For
example, when the loadings of a power line increases,
the VPS can indicate the system moving condition to the
fault situation which will be disconnected from the line
by the available protection relays. Hence, by setting the
virtual protection relay under the settings of physical
relay, the control scheme can retrieve the normal status
by properly controlling the action, that in this case may
be the changing system topology or power dispatching in
the overall power system. Therefore, depending on the
system alarms in a control center, the self-healing
strategies can maintain the system continuous operation
with appropriate control schemes.
The VPS can be used for cascading failures detection
and applying proper remedies on the power system. If
after a disturbance, one or more components overload
and hence fail, the equilibrium of the load flow will
consequently change and the load will then be
Page 7 of 7
Power System
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CONCLUSION
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